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305-fms Recommendation Machine Design en PDF
305-fms Recommendation Machine Design en PDF
Contents
Definitions and description 2
Drums 3
Take-up systems 5
Belt support 6
Knife edges 9
Belt tracking 10
2
Drums
Drum diameter
Drum diameters should always be as – The flexural properties of the belt used
large as possible. The minimum diameter (see dmin in the product range).
permitted is determined by:
– The flexural properties of the lateral
– The effective pull to be transmitted and longitudinal profiles welded on
(see method for calculating the drive (Technical Information 2, ref. no. 318).
drum diameter).
3
As regards 0, U0, A0, E0, V1, U1, UH coat-
Lagged surface
ings, drum lagging is often applied to
improve friction on the drive drum. The
lagging should be made of an abrasion-
resistant material, like polyurethane or
rubber.
4
Take-up systems
5
Belt support
Slider bed
Slider beds have to be adjusted exactly, Avoid slatted frames as supports if possi-
because due to sliding friction they have ble, as they often increase the wear and
a strong impact on the belt. Their edges tear on the belt and noise when the belt
must be chamfered off. Place support is running.
areas about 2 to 3 mm lower than the
belt. It is important to clean the sliding sup-
ports before switching on the conveyor,
Generally sheet metal, hard plastics as residues from protective paints or var-
(Resopal, Duropal or similar) and bonded nishes, or other dirt can cause significant
plywood are used as support material. disturbances (e.g. tracking problems,
Together with the smooth undersides of damage to the belt and increased fric-
Siegling Transilon belts, these materials tion).
have excellent friction behaviour.
Depending on the surface properties and
conditions the belts are operated in, it
may be necessary to make alterations.
Support rollers are commonly associated Plastic support rollers are also used (the
Support rollers
with low levels of drag and smooth track- advantage: they are corrosion resistant
ing behaviour. For this reason they are and very dirt resistant. Please note: elec-
almost exclusively equipped with roller trostatic build-up is possible).
bearings and low friction sealing. To keep
their moment of inertia as low as possible, The support roller pitch is determined
the roller tube is usually made of preci- according to the length of the edge of
sion steel tubes or small flue tubes (see the unit good you want to convey. If the
DIN EN 10220). support roller pitch is ≤ ½ edge length,
the weight of the goods will always be
borne by two rollers.
6
Support roller layout
≥ 10 mm
Layouts and dimensions of support rollers
are laid down in DIN 22107/ISO 1537. The
purpose of the M form (DIN term) is to
support the belt when driven in a flat
state on the top and return side and the
troughed belt on the return side. On the
top face, troughed belts are always sup-
Form M support roller Form N2 2-piece offset
ported by support rollers in an N or P
shape.
7
Snub rollers are used when: When using belts with a patterned sur-
Snub rollers
face, we recommend lagging the drums
– The conveyor belts’ arc of contact on
to reduce noise.
the drive drums is to be increased;
Minimum diameters for small If the arc of contact of snub rollers, sup-
arcs of contact port and guide rollers is small, the dia
meters of these rollers may equal 1/2 dmin,
as long as the arc of contact does not
exceed 15° (for dmin see appropriate data
sheets).
Transition lengths
The top edge of the end drum must align As a result, the following guidelines
with the top edges of the centre trough- should be observed for the transition
ing rollers. length ls:
If the trough-shaped belt is supported by metal sheets, their edges towards the
end rollers have to be well chamfered. In this case, we recommend you contact
Forbo Siegling application engineers.
8
Knife edges
The belt‘s energy consumption increases If the knife edge belt only runs in one
when it rotates round a knife edge. At the direction, instead of the usual screw ten-
same time, because of the friction on the sion take-up, a force-dependent tension
knife edge at high velocities, the belt can roller can be installed after the drive drum
heat up significantly. to ensure correct elongation in the belt.
This moveable tension roller decreases
Where elongation at fitting is low (< 0.3 %) the belt tension on the knife edge and, in
this friction can cause the belt to shrink comparison with the fixed screw tension
lengthways. take-up, can reduce the frictional force on
the knife edge considerably.
For this reason, the arc of contact should
be as small as possible (low power con-
sumption and heat build-up, little pre-
tensioning required).
9
Belt tracking
The conveyor must be as rigid as possible. Another method is first to align the drive
Its shape must unaffected by forces exert- drum so that it is at right angles and then
ed by the belt. adjust the end drum till the centre dis-
tances 1 are equal.
All drums on the conveyor, particularly
the drive drum, must be clean. Remove Starting from the end drum, you can then
rust inhibitor, oil, encrusted dirt from slid- align each support roller or table/slider
er beds or supports, drums and rollers. bed section individually so that the axles
Exchange damaged or heavily-worn are parallel.
parts.
Goods should always be loaded onto the
Align knife edges, drive and end drums, centre of the belt and in the direction
as well as support rollers so that they are conveyed. Goods must not be dropped
parallel. from large heights.
Align the end drums so that they are Attention should be paid to the surface
parallel to each other and at right angles quality of the drums.
to the conveyor, by adjusting the drums
till each centre distance 1 and each diag-
onal 2 are equal.
< 90° 90°
Misaligned drums will cause belt Drums are aligned at right angles:
mistracking. the belt runs straight.
10
An uneven distribution of heat and load
Effect of temperature
on the belt will lead to non-uniform
changes in its inner tension state.
11
Depending on the belt velocity, troughed
Effect of support rollers
belt tracking can be improved by rotating
some of the side rollers up to approx. 3°
in direction of belt travel.
12
Belt control with tapered/cylindrical drums A Centre distance B
Adjustment
Belt width
– Fit the belt and drums A + B so that
their axles are parallel until the elon-
gation at fitting you require is
reached.
Adjustment
2
– All drums must be in their basic 1
setting so that their axles are parallel.
13
Take-up system on the return side
Adjustment
Reversing conveyors
Adjustment 2
1
– All drums must be in their basic
setting so that their axles are parallel.
14
Knife edge conveyors
Adjustment
15
Using belts with longitudinal profiles
The belt must not be subjected to lateral In support rollers break the edges
of the groove Groove in rollers or drums
forces due to the grooves in the support
roller or the end drums. If this stipulation
is ignored, the profile will stick to the
edge of the groove and therefore destroy
the belt.
16
Excessive drum deflection is often the
Bending of drums and rollers
cause of tracking problems in wide belts.
17
– Make changes in the design to increase
Product discharge
the areas of belt wrap in the feed zone
(see below).
Unit goods are frequently discharged or
transferred from the belt at the sides. In Greater force is required in the case of
this case, ensure that the lateral forces multiple belt wraps due to counter bend-
acting on the belt are kept to a minimum. ing and where low temperatures occur.
Swivel-mounted ploughs that do not By inserting a tapered/cylindrical drum, Support rollers with abrasion-resistant,
adhesive lagging
touch the belt are commonly used. belt tracking can be stabilised at the sides
too.
To avoid the belt mistracking when it
conveys the products upwards or down- The belt cannot be guided via the belt
wards, we recommend as follows: edge in light conveyor belts.
Seal strips
Scrapers
Please note:
If cleaning devices are improperly fitted,
forces can occur at the sides that cause
the belt to mistrack.
19
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08/12 · UD · Reproduction of text or parts thereof only with our approval. Subject of change.
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