Module 2

Windows Server Roles

Module Overview
• Role-Based Deployment

• Deploying Role-Specific Servers

Lesson 1: Role-Based Deployment
• What Is a Server Role?

• What Are Role Services?

• What Are Features?

• Overview of Server Manager

What Is a Server Role?

Server roles in Windows Server 2008 R2 describe a server’s

primary function

Server roles:

• Active Directory Certificate • Fax Server

Services
• Active Directory Domain
Services
• Active Directory Federation
Services
• Active Directory Lightweight
Directory Services
• Active Directory Rights
Management Services
• Application Server
• DHCP Server
• DNS Server
• File Services
• Hyper-V
• Network Policy and Access
Services
• Print and Document
Services
• Remote Desktop Services
• Web Server (IIS)
• Windows Deployment
Services
• Windows Server Update
Services
What Are Role Services?

Role services allow you to control which role functionality is

installed and enabled
What Are Features?

Server features provide auxiliary or supporting functions

to servers
Overview of Server Manager

Active
Directory

Print File
Server Server
Demonstration: How to Manage Roles and
Features
• In this demonstration, you will see how to add roles and
features to a server
Lesson 2: Deploying Role-Specific Servers
• What Is a File Server?

• What Is a Domain Controller?

• What Is an Application Server?

• What Is a Web Server?

• What Is a Remote Access Server?

What Is a File Server?

A file server:

• Provides storage for users’ files

• Shares the folders that contain users’ files

• Ensures appropriate levels of access to users’ files

through security settings

• Provides backup and restore mechanisms

What Is a Domain Controller?

A domain controller:

• Holds a copy of AD DS

• Responds to requests for Active Directory information

• Authenticates users to the network

• Is located by querying DNS

Contoso.
com

sales.
Contoso.
com
What Is an Application Server?

An application server is a computer that is dedicated to

running network-aware application software

The applications that run on application servers are typically divided

into two categories:

• Traditional applications

• Web-based applications
What Is a Web Server?

A Web server is a server computer attached to either the Internet or

the corporate intranet providing content:

• Static Content

• Web-based applications

• Streaming Content
What Is a Remote Access Server?

Remote access is access to corporate resources from outside the

corporate network

Remote Access
Corporate Server
resources

Remote Computer
at Home

Wireless
Access Point

Remote Computer
at Internet Hot
Wireless Spot
Clients
DHCP Service

DHCP reduces the complexity and amount of administrative

work by using automatic TCP/IP configuration

Manual TCP/IP Configuration Automatic TCP/IP Configuration

• IP addresses are entered • IP addresses are supplied

manually
• IP address could be entered
incorrectly
• Communication and network
issues can result
• Frequent computer moves
increase administrative effort
automatically
• Correct configuration
information is ensured
• Client configuration is updated
automatically
• A common source of network
problems is eliminated
How DHCP Allocates IP Addresses

DHCP Client2:
Non-DHCP Client: IP configuration
Static IP from DHCP server
configuration

Lease Renewal

Lease Generation

DHCP Server

DHCP Client1: DHCP

IP configuration Database
from DHCP server
IP Address1: Leased to DHCP Client1
IP Address2: Leased to DHCP Client2
IP Address3: Available to be leased
How DHCP Lease Generation Works

DHCP
Server2

DHCP DHCP
Server1 Client

DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER

1 packet

2 DHCP servers broadcast a DHCPOFFER packet

3 DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST packet

4 DHCP Server1 broadcasts a DHCPACK packet

How DHCP Lease Renewal Works

DHCP
Server2
Server2

DHCPClient
DHCP Client
DHCP
Server1
Server1

100% of
87.5% of
50% of lease
50%lease
of lease
duration
duration has
has
expired
expired

If11 DHCP
theDHCP client
clientClient sends
sends
fails to renewa DHCPREQUEST
a DHCPREQUEST
its lease,
it’s packet
afterpacket
lease,after 50%
87.5%of of
thethe
lease has
duration
expired,
has then
expired,
the DHCP
then the
lease
DHCP
generation
lease renewal
process starts
will begin
overagain
againafter
with87.5%
a DHCPofclient
the lease
22 DHCP Server1
DHCP Server1 sends
sends aa DHCPACK
DHCPACK packet
packet
duration has expired
broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER
Domain Name System Role

Domain Name System is a hierarchical distributed database

• DNS is the foundation of the Internet naming scheme

• DNS supports accessing resources by using

alphanumeric names

• DNS was created to support the Internet’s growing

number of hosts
Overview of the DNS Namespace

Root Domain

Top-Level
Domain net com org

Second-Level
Domain contoso

Subdomain
west south east

FQDN: sales Host: SERVER1

SERVER1.sales.south.contoso.com
Module Review and Takeaways
• Review Questions

• Tools

• Best Practices