Submitted by: Domingo, Reniel M.

Submitted: Prof. Leigh Francisco

Subject: EDUC 202

Philippines as a third world

country and poverty is a major

problem, people always think that

Education is a ticket to reach their

destination successfully and be

an equitable influential person in

https://www.google.com/search?q=educational+philippines&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiGyIvL0d
the society. Therefore, they strive
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and thrive to get in it.

Article XIV of the 1987 Philippine Constitution, Sect. 1. strengthens that “The State

shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels,

and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all.”1 By

this governing rule, education is a right of every citizen to exercise regardless of

social, historical, moral, cultural, political and racial status. But, how could that be

if today’s time, cases and documentaries are being rampant and extensive on

social media reflecting that education is no longer a rights, but a sense of privilege.

Where is the light that gives hope and opportunity for the poor to succeed? Where

are the promises that light their path to follow their dreams?

A Recent change in the Philippines’ educational system was implemented starting

in 2011. The K-12 curriculum was signed into law back in 2013, adding three years

to the country’s basic education curriculum.

This starts with a requirement of taking the preparatory “Kindergarten” stage.

“Elementary education…includes the first six years of compulsory education from

grade 1 to 6…Until 2004, primary students traditionally sat for the National

Elementary Achievement Test (NEAT) administered by the Department of

Education, Culture and Sports (DECS). However, the scores obtained by students

in the NEAT were not used as a basis for their admission into Secondary school.

During 2004, when DECS was officially converted into the Department of

Education (DepEd), and

as a result of

reorganization, the NEAT

was changed to National

Achievement Test (NAT)

by the Department of

Education (DepEd).

Students from both public and private elementary schools take this exam to

measure a school's competency…”

Secondary education known as Paaralang Sekundarya comprises additional 4

years in the Junior High School and the reformed law of the additional 2 years in

the High School which is the Senior High School…

Accredited mainly private institutions known as colleges offer technical and

vocational education. Programs offered vary in duration from a few weeks to two-

year diplomas. On completion students may take centrally-administered

examinations to obtain their diploma or certificate.

Vocational colleges don’t usually require an entrance examination, only a record

of high school education and an enrollment fee.

Most institutions of higher learning are regulated by the commission for higher

education.

Colleges typically offer 1 or more specialized programs while universities must

offer at least 8 different undergraduate degree programs in a wide array of subjects

and at least 2 graduate programs.

Public universities are all non-sectarian and offer a wide-range of programs, with
English as a medium of instruction. Public universities are government funded,

with the largest, the University of the Philippines, receiving the substantial portion

of the annual budget.

There are also a number of private tertiary institutions, sectarian or non-sectarian

as well as for-profit or not-for-profit. Most private institutions are Catholic non-profit

organizations.

Most universities offer 4 year degree programs with 2 semesters per year.

Then, “The new K-12 curriculum guide requires all Filipino students to have one

year of kindergarten, six years of elementary schooling (grades 1 to 6), four years

of junior high school (grades 7 to 10), and two years of senior high school (grades

11 to 12).

Prior to the implementation of the K-12 curriculum guide, the Philippines was one

of only three countries in the world and the only one in Asia that still had only 10

years in basic education.

This has always been seen as a disadvantage for our students who are competing

in an increasingly global job market. The longer educational cycle of the K-12

curriculum is seen as critical in giving Filipino students a higher quality of

education.”3

1. Chan Robles, Copyright 1998-2018,

http://www.chanrobles.com/article14language.htm#.W1V_sNUzbIU/ July
23,2018
2. Foreign Credits, Copyright 2012, July
23,2018https://www.classbase.com/countries/philippines/education-
system/ July 23,2018
3. The Asian parent Philippines, Benefits of the K-12 curriculum for Filipino
students!/MarielUyquiengco/https://ph.theasianparent.com/advantages-
new-k-12-curriculum/July 23,2018