Which compound can exist as optical isomers? ‘A. CHSCHBrCHs B. CH,CICH(OH)CH,CI C. CHsCHBrCOOH D. CHsCCL,CHOH Write the structure of the first alkane in the homologous series to show optical isomerism. Draw and name the geometric isomers of: (a) pent-2-ene (b) 2,3-dichlorobut-2-ene. Which species will show optical activity? A. A-chloropentane 8. 3-chloropentane C. A-chloro-2-methylpentane D. 2-chloro-2-methylpentane(a) (i) The compound C,H, can react with bromine. Write an equation for this reaction and name the product. State a visible change which accompanies the reaction. (3) (ii) Give the full structural formula of the product formed in part (ali) and identify, by using an asterisk (*), 3 chiral carbon atom. State what distinctive property a chiral carbon atom gives toa molecule. (2) ‘One of the alcohols containing four carbon atoms exists as optical isomers. (@) Give the structural formula and name of this alcohol and explain why it exists as opt isomers. Outline how these two isomers could be distinguished, 4] Compound 4, an organic acid, has the molecular formula C,H,O;. ‘This compound can exist as two geometric isomers, cis-A and trans-A, each containing two methyl groups. (@) Give the structural formulas of the two geometric isomers. 2) H HOH cH, I Ll I (CH,—CH,—C=CH, CH,—C=C—CH, CH,—C=CH, A B c (@ One of the alkenes can exist as two geometrical isomers. Write the structural formulae of the two isomers. z [2 marks} n is about isomers with the general formula C,H, (a) (i) Draw the structures of the two geometrical (cislérans) isomers of C,H, giving their full names. By (b) (There are four isomers with the formula C,H, which contain a three-membered carbon ring. Draw these isomers and label them A, B, C and D. “a(ii) Indicate, by writing two letters (chosen from A, B, C and D) a pair of isomers that are structural isomers and a pair that are geometrical isomers. Re Structural isomers: ... Geometrical isomers: on antag auntie a (ii) From the four isomers A, B, C and D, draw the structure of an isomer that shows optical isomerism and mark the chiral centre with an asterisk (*) Py Explain why but-2-ene can exist as two geometric isomers whereas but-I-ene cannot. By