Japanese Nihongo First Step

GIJUTSUKENSHŪ NO TAME NO NIHONGO
(REVISED EDITION)
JAPANESE
AN NTEGRATED
I
CONVERSATIONAL
APPROACH
SHOKYŪ
Elementary
JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY TA

JR
95-23
(REVISED EDITION)
JAPANESE
AN NTEGRATED
I
CONVERSATIONAL
APPROACH
SHOKYŪ
Elementary
JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY

MOKUJI
HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF THIS BOOK...................................... X

HIRAGANA................................................................................................... XI
KATAKANA ................................................................................................ XII
RŌMA-JI ....................................................................................................... XIII
USEFUL DAILY EXPRESSIONS ................................................................ XIV
CLASSROOM EXPRESSIONS ................................................................. XVII
OMO NA TŌJŌ JINBUTSU ...................................................................... XVIII
1 . HAJIMEMASHITE......................................................................................... 1
(1) Hajimemashite.
(2) Sarimu-san wa enjinia desu.
(3) Sarimu-san wa sensei ja arimasen.
(4) Tanaka-san mo enjinia desu ka.
2 . KORE WA NAN DESU KA. ........................................................................ 11
(1) Kore wa nan desu ka.

(2) Nan no ryOri desu ka.
(3) Toriniku no ryori wa dore desu ka.
(4) Kore wa dare no kasa desu ka.
3. SAKURA DEPĀTO WA DOKO DESU KA. ................................................ 21
(1) Sakura Depāto wa doko desu ka.

(2) Kippu-uriba wa asoko desu.
(3) Jimusho wa nan-ji kara nan-ji made desu ka.
(4) Ginza made ikura desu ka.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF THIS BOOK..................................... X

HIRAGAXA CHART..................................................................................... XI
KATAKANA CHART .................................................................................. XII
ROMA-JI CHART ..................'...................................................................... XIII
USEFUL DAILY EXPRESSIONS ................................................................ XIV
CLASSROOM EXPRESSIONS ................................................................. XVII
MAIN CHARACTERS ................................................................................ XVIII
1 . HOW DO YOU DO? ...................................................................................... 1
(1) How do you do?

(2) Mr. Salim is an engineer.
(3) Mr. Salim is not a teacher.
(4) Is Mr. Tanaka also an engineer?
2. WHAT IS THIS? ............................................................................................ 11
(1) What is this7

(2) What kind of dish is this7
(3) Which are chicken dishes?
(4) Whose umbrella is this?
3 . WHERE IS THE SAKURA DEPARTMENT STORE? ............................... 21
(1) Where is the Sakura Department Store?

(2) The ticket office is over there.
(3) What are the office hours?
(4) How much is it to Ginza?
4 . HANBĀGĀ O KUDASAI. ............................................……………………… 31

(1) Hanbāgā o kudasai.
(2) Ikutsu desu ka.
(3) Kōhii o hitotsu onegai- shimasu.
(4) Kamera wa nan-gai desu ka.
(5) Ano kamera o misete kudasai.
(6) Motto yasui no wa arimasu ka.
5 . ITSU NIHON E KIMASHITA KA. …………………………………………… 41

(1) Itsu Ninon e kimashita ka.
(2) 12-gatsu 21-nichi ni kuni e kaerimasu.
(3) Ashita doko e ikimasu ka.
(4) Kenshū wa itsu kara desu ka.
6. NANI O SHIMASU KA. ……………………………………………………….… 51

(1) Nani o shimasu ka.
(2) Asa shinbun o yomimasu.
(3) Nichi-yōbi ni kyōkai e ikimasu.
(4) Tokidoki Shinjuku de kaimono o shimasu.
(5) Kazoku to issho ni terebi o mimasu.
7 . YOKOHAMA E IKIMASEN KA. ……………………………………………… 59

(1) Yokohama e ikimasen ka.
(2) Tomodachi ga kimasu kara.
(3) 9-ji wa dō desu ka.
(4) Doko de aimashō ka.
(5) Sentā no denwa - bangō wa nan - ban desu ka.
8 . BYOIN WA DOKO NI ARIMASU KA. …………………………………….… 67

(1) Byōin wa doko ni arimasu ka.
(2) Byōin ni kangofu san ga nan-nin imasu ka.
(3) Hana ya ki ga takusan arimasu.
(4) Watashi wa kodomo ga imasu.
4 . PLEASE GIVE ME SOME HAMBURGERS. ……………………………. 31

(1) Please give me some hamburgers.
(2) How many?
(3) One coffee, please.
(4) Where can I find cameras?
(5) Please show me that camera over there.
(6) Do you have anything cheaper?
5 . WHEN DID YOU COME TO JAPAN' ....................................................... 41

(1) When did you come to Japan?
(2) I'm going home on the 21st of December.
(3) Where are you going tomorrow?
(4) When does your training begin?
6. WHAT DO YOU DO? ................................................................................... 51

(1) What do you do?
(2) I read newspapers in the morning.
(3) I go to church on Sundays.
(4) Sometimes I go shopping in Shinjuku.
(5) I watch television with my family.
7 . WON'T YOU GO TO YOKOHAMA WITH ME?.......................................... 59

(1) Won't you go to Yokohama with me'
(2) Because a friend of mine will be coming.
(3) How about 9 o'clock?
(4) Where shall we meet9
(5) What is the telephone number of your centre'
8 . WHERE IS THE HOSPITAL? ..................................................................... 67

(1) Where is your hospital?
(2) How many nurses are there in your hospital'
(3) There are many flowers and trees.
(4) I have a child.
9 . ONGAKU GA SUKI DESU. ................................................................................ 77
(1) Watashi wa ongaku ga suki desu.

(2) Donna ongaku ga suki desu ka.
(3) Maria-san wa hashi o tsukau koto ga dekimasu ka.
(4) Nihon no ryōri ga tsukuritai desu.
10. DONNA TOKORO DESU KA. ............................................................................ 85
(1) Bandon wa amari atsuku nai desu.

(2) Indoneshia wa atsui kuni desu.
(3) Donna tokoro desu ka.
(4) Shizuka na tokoro desu.
(5) Tōkyō wa do desu ka.
(6) Tōkyō wa hito ya kuruma ga ōi desu.
11. KYŌTO WA DŌ DESHITA KA. .......................................................................... 95
(1) Kyōto wa dō deshita ka.

(2) Totemo kirei deshita.
(3) Ii tenki deshita.
(4) Tanoshikatta desu.
(5) Asa wa ame ga furimashita ga, gogo wa ii tenki deshita.
12. OSHIETE KUDASAI. ......................................................................................... 103
(1) Chotto oshiete kudasai.

(2) Dobutsuen made dō yatte ikimasu ka.
(3) Shinjuku kara Ueno made dono gurai desu ka.
(4) Soko o massugu itte kudasai.
13. DOKO NI TOMATTE IMASU KA. ...................................................................... 113
(1) Doko ni tomatte imasu ka.

(2) Daigaku de jisshū o shite imasu.
(3) Bandon ni sunde imasu.
(4) Ima terebi o mite imasu.
9. I LIKE MUSIC. ........................................................................................... 77
(1) I like music.

(2) What kind of music do you like?
(3) Maria, can you use chopsticks?
(4) I want to make Japanese food.
10. WHAT KIND OF PLACE IS IT? ................................................................. 85
(1) It's not so hot in Bandung.

(2) Indonesia is a hot country.
(3) What kind of place is i t?
(4) It's a quiet place.
(5) How do you like Tokyo?
(6) Tokyo is full of people and cars.
11. HOW DID YOU LIKE KYOTO? ............................................................... 95
(1) How did you like Kyoto?

(2) It was very beautiful.
(3) The weather was fine.
(4) I enjoyed it very much.
(5) It rained in the morning but it was fine in the afternoon.
12. PLEASE TELL ME. .................................................................................. 103
(1) Could you tell me, please?

(2) How can I get to the zoo9
(3) How far is it from Shinjuku to Ueno?
(4) Please go straight ahead there.
13. WHERE ARE YOU STAYING?.................................................................... 113
(1) Where are you staying?

(2) I'm having practice at the university.
(3) They live in Bandung.
(4) Now I'm watching television.
14. DŌ SHITA N DESU KA. ......................................................................... 121
(1) Jisshū o yasundemo ii desu ka.

(2) Dō shita n desu ka.
(3) Atama 'ga itai n desu.
(4) lie, mada desu.
(5) Mō daijōbu desu.
(6) Dō shitara ii desu ka.
15. SHASHIN WA TORANAIDE KUDASAI. ............................................... 129
(1) Shashin wa toranaide kudasai.

(2) Ikkagetsu ni nan-dai kuruma o tsukuru koto ga dekimasu ka.
(3) Dono gurai Ninon ni imasu ka.
(4) Enpitsu o 3-bon kudasai.
APPENDICES
1 . PLAIN STYLE SPEECH ................................................................. 141

2 . LIST OF NUMBERS, TIMES & COUNTING EXPRESSIONS ....... 143
3 . USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS........................................... 147
4 . CONJUGATION TABLES OF VERBS ........................................... 156
5. KEIYŌSHI [LIST OF ADJECTIVES] ................................................. 158
6. JOSHI [LIST OF PARTICLES] ......................................…................ 160
7. OMO NA GAKUSHŪ KŌMOKU [LIST OF STUDY POINTS] ......... 161
8. SAKUIN [INDEX] ................................................................................. 162
14. WHAT'S THE MATTER? ............................................................................ 121
(1) May I be absent from the practice?

(2) What's the matter?
(3) I have a headache.
(4) No, not yet.
(5) I'm all right now.
(6) What should I do?
15. PLEASE DO NOT TAKE PICTURES. ..................................................... 129
(1) Please do not take pictures.

(2) How many cars can you produce a month?
(3) How long are you going to stay in Japan?
(4) Please give me three pencils.
APPENDICES
1 . PLAIN STYLE SPEECH ................................................................... 141

2 . LIST OF NUMBERS. TIMES & COUNTING EXPRESSIONS .......... 143
3 . USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS ......................................... 147
4. CONJUGATION TABLES OF VERBS ............................................. 156
5. LIST OF ADJECTIVES ...................................................................... 158
6. LIST OF PARTICLES ........................................................................... 160
7. LIST OF STUDY POINTS ............................................................... 161
8. INDEX .................................................................................................. 162
HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF THIS BOOK
This textbook is intended to teach beginners words and expression- they are
most likely to come across in daily life. When using this book, please bear in
mind the following guidelines:
1. Listen carefully to the teacher's correct pronunciation in class.

2. Practice speaking aloud in class under the teacher's guidance.
3. During lessons, try to rely as little as possible on looking at the textbook.
4. When reviewing the material on your own, practice speaking aloud. It's
important to repeat things over and over again. It's not enough simply to
look at the book and work out the meaning of the sentence.
Each lesson is made up of the following:
1 . Dialogues.
2 . English translation of the dialogue, and illustrations of the dialogues help
you understand the context.
3 . New Words and Expressions.
4 . Grammatical notes.
5 . Exercise.
The exercise in each lesson contains the following elements:
(1) Substitution drills: Replace the underlined word(s) with other expressions
provided.
(2) After the drills, imagine situations you will come across and practice by
making use of those sentences and expressions.
(3) At the end of each lesson, you will be able to express yourself in a short
composition by using the sentence patterns and words you have learned in
the lesson.
HIRAGANA
あいうえお
かきくけきゃ
こきゅきょ
がぎぐげぎゃ
ごぎゅぎょ
さしすせしゃ
そしゅしょ
ざじずぜじゃ
ぞじゅじょ
たちつてちゃ
とちゅちょ
だ (ぢ) (づ) でど
なにぬねにゃ
のにゅにょ
はひふへひゃ
ほひゅひょ
ばびぶべびゃ
ぼびゅびょ
ぱぴぷぺぴゃ
ぽぴゅぴょ
まみむめみゃ
もみゅみょ
やゆよ
らりるれりゃ
ろりゅりょ
わを
ん * The
letters in (
) are seldom
used.
KATAKANA
ｱｲｳｴ
ｶｷｸｹｷｬｷｭｷｮ
ｶﾞｷﾞｸﾞｹﾞｷﾞｬ
ｺﾞｷﾞｭｷﾞｮ
ｻｼｽｾｼｬｼｭｼｮ
ｻﾞｼﾞｽﾞｾﾞｼﾞｬ
ｿﾞｼﾞｭｼﾞｮ
ﾀﾁﾂﾃﾁｬﾁｭﾁｮ
ﾀﾞ (ﾁﾞ) (ﾂﾞ) ﾃﾞﾄﾞ
ﾅﾆﾇﾈﾆｬﾆｭﾆｮ
ﾊﾋﾌﾍﾋｬﾋｭﾋｮ
ﾊﾞﾋﾞﾌﾞﾍﾞﾎﾞ
ﾋﾞｬﾋﾞｭﾋﾞｮ
ﾊﾟﾋﾟﾌﾟﾍﾟﾎﾟ
ﾋﾟｬﾋﾟｭﾋﾟｮ
ﾏﾐﾑﾒﾐｬﾐｭﾐｮ
ﾔﾕ
ﾗﾘﾙﾚﾘｬﾘｭﾘｮ
ﾜ (
ﾝ * The
letters in (
) are seldom
used.
RŌMA-JI
a i u e
ka ki ku ke kya
ko kyu kyo
ga gi gu ge gya
go gyu gyo
sa shi su se sha
so shu sho
za ji zu ze ja
zo ju jo
ta chi tsu te cha chu cho
da (ji) (zu) de do
na ni nu ne nya
no nyu nyo
ha hi fu he ho
hya hyu hyo
ba bi bu be bo
bya byu byo
pa pi pu pe po
pya pyu pyo
ma mi mu me mo
mya myu myo
ya yu yo
ra ri ru re rya ryu ryo
wa
n
[USEFUL DAILY EXPRESSIONS]
1 . Ohayo gozaimasu.
Good morning.
Can be used up to about 10 a.m.
2 . Konnichiwa.
Hello. /Good afternoon.
Use this expression after 10 a.m. and during the afternoon. Like many
expressions in Japanese, only part of a full sentence is used, the rest being implied
by the situation. For instance, "It's nice today, isn't it?" or "It's cold today." In fact,
commenting on the weather often substitutes for a more formal greeting,
particularly among friends.
3 . Konbanwa.
Good evening.
Use after around 5 p.m. This expression evolved in the same way as
“Konnichiwa".
4 . Sayōnara.
Good - bye.
This expression is used mainly among close friends or colleagues, or by older
people to their juniors. It's never used between members of the same family.
5 . Oyasuminasai.
Good night.
This is an appropriate expression to use when saying good-bye late at night,
either in person or on the telephone.
6 . Dewa, mata. (Ja, mata.)

See you.
This is often used by close friends or colleagues when parting. It can also be
used to say good-bye on the telephone.
7 . Itte rasshai.
Good-bye.
This is used to say good-bye to someone who is going away and coming back
to the same place. For instance, a mother will say it to her children as she sends
them off to school.
8 . Itte kimasu.
Good-bye.
This is what the person going out says to whoever is staying at home. It can
also be used when leaving your place of work on a short business trip.
9. Tadaima.
I'm back.
This is what a member of a family calls out to the rest of the family as soon as
getting back home from school, work, shopping, etc. As often happens in Japanese,
the verb is left out because the meaning is obvious: "I've come home right now."
10. Okaerinasai.
Welcome home.
This is the standard way of replying to "Tadaima".
11. Omedeto gozaimasu.
Congratulations.
12. Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu.

Thank you very much.
This is a very polite way of thanking someone. It can be shortened and made
more casual by saying "Arigatō gozaimasu" or "Arigatō". An even more casual
way of saying "thank you", particularly among friends, is to say simply "Dōmo".
13. Dō itashimashite.
You're welcome./Don't mention it.
This is a polite way of replying to someone who has either thanked you or
apologized for something. A less formal reply is simply "lie".
14. Sumimasen.
Excuse me.
This expression is used to get someone's attention, to apologize for a minor
mistake, or to express appreciation for receiving someone's kindness.
15. Onegai-shimasu.
Please./Could you do me a favor?
This expression is used when you ask for something to be served or done for
you.
16. (O) ki o tsukete.

Take care.
This is a friendly way of telling someone to take care (not to catch cold, have
an accident, etc.). When somebody already has caught a cold or has some other
minor illness, the expression to use is "Odaiji ni".
17. Itadakimasu.
Thank you.
Use this whenever about to start a meal. If you are a guest, it should
be addressed directly to your host as a way of thanks. Even in a group where
everyone has paid for his own meal, most people will say
"Itadakimasu" before starting to eat. It's also a polite way of thanking
someone for a small gift.
18. Gochisosama deshita.

Thank you./It was delicious.
This is the way to thank your host for a meal after eating. In a coffee shop, if
someone insists on paying for your drink, you should say "Gochisōsama deshita"
as you leave. You can also use it to thank the waiter in a restaurant.
19. Ogenki de.

Look after yourself.
This is a friendly way of saying good-bye to someone you don't see very often
or who's going away on a trip. It can also be used at the end of a letter to sign off.
20. Ganbatte kudasai.

Good luck. Keep up the good work.
This expression is used by older people to encourage their junior colleagues in
their efforts.
21. Shitsurei-shimasu.
Excuse me.
This is an extremely useful expression that can be used in a wide variety of
situations —when entering a room, when leaving, or when asking someone to
move aside. "O-saki ni shitsurei-shimasu" is used when leaving a group of
people before everybody else. So in Japanese, this one expression can be used to
replace a variety of phrases, such as "May I come in?", "I must be going", and
"May I come through7" In the past tense, "Shitsurei-shimashita" is a
straightforward apology.
22. O-genki desu ka.

How are you?
This is not like the greeting in English "How are you?", but rather is used only
among people who haven't met for a long time.
23. Daijobu desu.

No problems./O.K./All right.
Use this when mentioning the condition of one's work, health, etc.
24. Osewa ni narimashita.

Thank you for your kindness.
This expression is used when a great favor has been granted to you.
[CLASSROOM EXPRESIONS]
1. Hajimemashō. Let's begin.

2. Kiite kudasai. Please listen.
3. Kurikaeshite kudasai. Please repeat (after me).
4. Itte kudasai. Please say.
5. Mō ichi-do. Once more.
6. Yukkuri itte kudasai. Please say it slowly,
7. Issho ni dōzo. All together.
8. Kokuban o mite kudasai. Please look at the blackboard.
9. Kaite kudasai. Write it down, please,
10. Oboete kudasai. Please memorize it.
11. Yonde kudasai. Please read it.
12. Kotaete kudasai. Please answer me.
13. Wakarimashita ka. Do you understand?
Hai, wakarimashita. Yes, I do.
Iie, wakarimasen. No, I don't,
14. Hon o akete kudasai. Open your books, please.
15. Hon o tojite kudasai. Close your books, please.
16. A-san ni kiite kudasai. Ask Mr. A, please.
17. Renshū-shite kudasai. Please practice this.
18. Chotto matte kudasai. Just a moment, please.
19. Yasumimashō. Let's have a break.
20. Kore de owarimasu. Let's stop there,
21. li desu. That's fine.
22. Chigaimasu. That's incorrect.
23. Shitsumon ga arimasu. I have a question.
OMO NA TŌJŌ JINBUTSU
I . Kenshūin
Sarimu Maria Wan

Indoneshia Enjinia
Mekishiko Kangofu
Chūgoku Kenkyuin
II . Nihon-jin
Tanaka Satō
Enjinia
Isha
1 HAJIMEMASHITE.
Tanaka : Tanaka
KAIWA Sarimu : Salim
Tanaka : Konnichiwa.
Sarimu : Konnichiwa.
Tanaka : Hajimemashite. Tanaka desu.
Sarimu : Hajimemashite. Sarimu dcsu.
JICA no kenshūin desu.
Dōzo yoroshiku.
Tanaka : Dōzo yoroshiku. Sarimu-san, o-kuni wa?
Sarimu : Indoneshia desu.
Tanaka : Jakaruta desu ka.
Sarimu : Iie, Jakaruta ja arimasen.
Bandon desu.
Tanaka : Sō desu ka. O-shigoto wa?
Sarimu : Enjinia desu.
Tanaka : Watashi mo enjinia desu.
Kenshū kōsu wa?
Sarimu : Konpyūta desu.
Tanaka : Sō desu ka.
1 HOW DO YOU DO?
DIALOGUE
Tanaka : Hello.
Salim : Hello.
Tanaka : How do you do? I'm Tanaka.
Salim : How do you do? I'm Salim.
I'm a JICA participant.
It's nice to meet you.
Tanaka : Nice to meet you, too. Mr. Salim, where are you from?
Salim : Indonesia.
Tanaka : Jakarta?
Salim : No, not Jakarta.
I'm from Bandung.
Tanaka : I see. What is your occupation?
Salim : I'm an engineer.
Tanaka : I'm an engineer, too.
What is your training course?
Salim : Computer.
Tanaka : I see.
Atarashii kotoba New Words and Expressions
Kaiwa Dialogue
Hajimemashite. How do you do?
Tanaka Tanaka
Sarimu. Salim
Konnichiwa Hello. / Good Afternoon.
-- desu be (am / are / is)
JICA no kenshuin JICA participant
Dōzo yoroshiku Nice to meet you.
-- san (Tanaka-san) Mr. / Mrs. / Miss (Mr. Tanaka)
o -- honorific prefix
(o) kuni (your) country
-- wa a particle indicating that the
preceding noun is the topic
Indoneshia Indonesia
Jakaruta Jakarta [a place name in Indonesia]
-- ka. a particle indicating a question
lie No
-- ja arimasen (am / is / are) not
Bandon Bandung [a place name in
Indonesia]
Sō desu ka. I see.
(o) shigoto (your) occupation
enjinia engineer
watashi I
-- mo too; also
kenshū-kōsu training course
konpyūta computer (In the engineering( field,
the form 'konpyūta' is used, but
'konpyūtā' is the form that is
generally used.)
Renshu Exercise
Ohayō gozaimasu. Good morning.

Konbanwa. Good evening.
Oyasuminasai. Good night.
Sayōnara. Good - bye.
Dewa, mata. See you. (The colloquial form of this is
'Ja, mata'.)
Wan Wang
Maria Maria
Chūgoku China
Tai Thailand
(o) namae (your) name
isha medical doctor
kyōshi teacher (when you talk about your own
job, 'kyōshi' is used.)
bideo video
nōgyō agriculture
kangofu nurse
kōmuin public official
sensei teacher (when you talk about someone
else's job, 'sensei' is used.)
kenkyūin researcher
Satō Sato
Hai, sō desu. Yes, I am/you are/he is/etc.
Pekin Beijing [a place name in China]
Ejiputo Egypt
Kairo Cairo [a place name in Egypt]
Bankoku Bangkok [a place name in Thailand)
jikoshōkai self introduction
(Bandon) kara kimashita. I'm from (Bandung).
Kazu [Numbers]
0 zero, rei 6 roku
1 ichi 7 shichi, nana
2 ni 8 hachi
3 san 9 kyū, ku
4 yon, shi 10 jū
5 go
Kaisetsu Notes
1. N1 wa N2 desu. Sarimu-san wa enjinia desu.

[Mr. Salim is an engineer.]
'wa functions to indicate that the preceding noun is the topic of the sentence,
'desu' is close to the English verb "to be" and can be translated as "am/are/is"
depending on the context.
2. N1 wa N2 desu ja arimasen.
Sarimu-san wa enjinia desu.
'ja arimasen' is the negative form of 'desu’, showing that the statement is the
negative present tense.
3. N1 wa N2 desu ka. Sarimu-san wa enjinia desu.

'ka' added at the end of the sentence makes it into a question.
4. 'Hai' 'Iie’
Q : N1 wa N2 desu ka.
A : (1) Hai, N2 desu. / Hai, sō desu.
(2) Iie, N2 ja arimasen.
'Hai, sō desu' is an expression used to show agreement, and it can mean "Yes,
it is", "Yes, I am", "Yes, that's right", depending on the context.
Positive answers
Q : Sarimu-san wa enjinia desu ka. [Is Mr. Salim an engineer?]
A : (1) Hai, enjinia desu. [Yes, he is an engineer.]
(2) Hai, sō desu. [Yes, he is.]
Negative answers
Q : Sarimu-san wa sensei desu ka. [Is Mr. Salim a teacher?]
A : Iie, sensei ja arimasen. [No, he isn't a teacher.]
RENSHŪ
<1>
A: Ohayō gozaimasu.
(1)
B: Ohayō gozaimasu.
(1) Konnichiwa. (2) Konbanwa
(3) Oyasuminasai. (4) Sayōnara.
(5) Dewa, mata.
<2>
A: Hajimemashite. Tanaka desu. Dōzo yoroshiku.

(1)
B: Hajimemashite. Sarimu desu. Dōzo yoroshiku.
(1) Wan (2) Maria
A: O-kuni wa?
(2)
B: Indoneshia desu
(1) Chōgoku (2) Tai
A: O-namae wa?
(3)
B: Sarimu desu.
(1) Maria (2) Wan
A: O-shigoto wa?
(4)
B: Enjinia desu.
(1) isha (2) kyōshi
A: Kenshū-kōsu wa?
(5)
B: Konpyūta desu.
(1) bideo (2) nōgyō
<3>
(1) Watashi wa enjinia desu.
(1) kangofu (2) kōmuin
(2) Sarimu-san wa sensei ja arimasen.

(1) isha (2) kenkyūin
(3) Sarimu-san wa kenshūin desu. Watashi mo kenshūin desu.

(1) Maria-san (2) Wan-san
<4>
A: Sarimu-san wa enjinia desu ka.

(1)
B: Hai, enjinia desu.
(1) Maria-san / kangofu (2) Wan-san / kenkyūin
(3) Satō-san / isha
A: Maria-san wa kangofu desu ka.

(2)
B: Hai, sō desu.
(1) Sarimu-san / enjinia (2) Wan-san / kenkyūin
(3) Satō-san / isha
A: Maria-san wa isha desu ka.

(3)
B: Iie, isha ja arimasen.
(1) Tanaka-san / kenkyūin (2) Satō-san / kangofu
(3) Wan-san / enjinia
A: Maria-san wa enjinia desu ka.
(4)
B: Iie, enjinia ja arimasen. Kangofu desu.
(1) Wan-san / kenkyūin (2) Satō-san / isha
<5>
(1) Indoneshia no Jakaruta kara kimashita.

(1) Chūgoku / Pekin (2) Ejiputo / Kairo
(3) Tai / Bankoku
<6> Jikoshōkai
Hajimemashite. Sarimu desu.

Indoneshia no Bandon kara kimashita.
Shigoto wa enjinia desu.
Kenshū-kōsu wa konpyūta desu.
Dōzo yoroshiku.
2 KORE WA NAN DESU KA.

Ueitoresu : Waitress
[1]
Ueitoresu : Irasshaimase.
Menyū desu. Dōzo.
Sarimu : Kore wa nan desu ka.
Ueitoresu : Tonkatsu desu.
Sarimu : Nan no ryōri desu ka.
Ueitoresu : Butaniku no ryōri desu.
Sarimu : Toriniku no ryōri wa dore desu ka.
Ueitoresu : Kore to kore desu.
Kore wa oishii desu yo.
Sarimu : Ja, kore, onegai-shimasu.
[2]
Ueitoresu : A, kore wa · · ·
Sarimu : Watashi no desu. Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu.
Ueitoresu : Dō itashimashite.
2 WHAT IS THIS?
DIALOGUE
[1]
Waitress : Hello.
Here's a menu for you.
Salim : What is this?
Waitress : It's tonkatsu.
Salim : What kind of dish is it?
Waitress It's a pork dish.
Salim Which are chicken dishes?
Waitress : This and this. This one is very good.
Salim : O.K. Then I'll take this.
[2] :
Waitress : Oh, is this •••
Salim It's mine. Thank you very much.
Waitress : You're welcome.
Kaiwa Dialogue
kore this
nan what
ueitoresu waitress
Irasshaimase. Welcome.
menyū menu
Dōzo. Here you are.
tonkatsu pork cutlet
(nan) no of (what)
ryōri Cooking; dish; cuisine
nan no ryōri what sort of cooking / dish
butaniku pork
toriniku chicken
dore which
A to B A and B
oishii delicious
(--desu) yo. a particle for emphasis / suggestion
ja well
onegai-shimasu please; I'll take --
A! Oh!
—no (watashi no) possessive particle (my; mine)
Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu. Thank you very much.
Dō itashimashite. You’re welcome.
Renshū Exercise
gyūniku beef
tamago egg
sore that one
sukiyaki sukiyaki ; beef and vegetable dish
tenpura tempura; deep fried fish and vegetables
sushi sushi; rice dish with raw fish
sashimi sashimi; sliced raw fish
sakana fish
yasai vegetable
kōhii coffee
mizu water
kasa umbrella
kamera camera
kagi key
hon book
jisho dictionary
are that one over there
dare who
dare no whose
anata you (When addressing superiors, 'anata' is
avoided. Instead, the person's surname,
title or occupation is used.)
Iie, chigaimasu. No, it is not.
Sumimasen. Excuse me.
Nihon-go Japanese language
(Nihon-go) de in (Japanese language)
denwa telephone
tokei watch; clock
Sā, wakarimasen. I'm sorry I don't know.
Kazu [Numbers]
11 jū-ichi 10 jū
12 jū-ni 20 ni-jū
13 jū-san 30 san-jū
14 jū-yon / jū-shi 40 yon-jū / shi-jū
15 jū-go 50 go-jū
16 jū-roku 60 roku-jū
17 jū-shichi jū-nana 70 shichi-jū nana-jū
18 jū-hachi 80 hachi-jū
19 jū-kyū / jū-ku 90 kyū-jū
20 ni-jū 100 hyaku
Kaisetsu Notes
1. kore / sore /are
kore this (one) a thing or things near the speaker
sore that (one) a thing or things nearer to the listener

than to the speaker
are that (one) a thing or things located at some distance

over there from both the speaker and the listener
dore which (one) (an interrogative pronoun)
2. kore
kore
sore wa N desu.
nan desu ka. N wa sore desu.
are are
N wa dore desu ka.
(1) Kore wa butaniku desu. (1) Kore wa butaniku desu.

[This is pork.] [This is pork.]
(2) Toriniku wa dore desu ka.
N1 no N2
[Which one is the chicken?]
3.
'nan' is an interrogative and corresponds to "what" in English. The

original form of 'nan' is 'nani'.
4. 'no' is a particle that functions to connect two nouns.

(1) (person) no N The first noun modifies the second noun.
Nihon-go no hon [a Japanese book]
N1 wa dare no N2 desu ka.
(2)
'no' in this case indicates that the person is the possessor of the noun.
Sarimu-san no kasa
[Mr. N wa (person) no desu. Salim's umbrella]
(3)
'dare' is an interrogative pronoun to ask "who", and 'dare no' means

"whose".
N (o) onegai-shimasu. Kore wa dare no kagi desu

ka.
[Whose key is this?]
(4)
The thing that the person possesses is not mentioned when it

is already known and clear.
Kore wa Sarimu-san no desu. [This is Mr. Salim's.]
5.
This expression is used when you want to obtain some service or things you
need. ‘o’ is a particle indicating that the noun is the object you want. ‘o’ is
sometimes omitted.
(1) Sandoitchi (o) onegai-shimasu. [Sandwiches, please.]

(2) Kagi, onegai-shimasu. [Key, please.]
(3) Sarimu-san, onegai-shimasu. [Mr. Salim. please.]
RENSHŪ
<1>
A: Kore wa butaniku desu ka.

(1)
B: Hai, so desu.
gyuniku toriniku tamago
A: Kore wa nan desu ka.

(2)
B: Sore wa sukiyaki desu.
tenpura sushi sashimi
A: Kore wa nan no ryōri desu ka.

(3)
B: Butaniku no ryōri desu.
sakana toriniku gyuniku to yasai
(4) A: Toriniku no ryōri wa dore desu ka.

B: Kore desu.
sakana tamago yasai
(5) Menyū, onegai-shimasu.

kohii mizu kore to kore
<2>
(1) Kore wa Maria-san no kasa desu.

Sarimu-san / kamera
Wan-san / kagi
Tanaka-san / hon
Sato-san / jisho
A: Are wa dare no kasa desu ka.

(2)
B: Watashi no desu.
kagi / Wan san
kamera / Sarimu-san
hon / Tanaka-san
A: Kore wa anata no kagi desu ka.

(3)
B: Iie, watashi no ja arimasen.
kamera hon jisho
A: Kore wa Maria-san no kamera desu ka.

(4) B: Iie, chigaimasu.
Sarimu-san no desu.
hon / Tanaka-san
jisho / Sato san
kagi / Wan-san
<3>
A: Sumimasen. Kore wa Nihon-go de nan desu ka.
(1) B: Denwa desu.
A: Arigatō gozaimasu.
<4>
A: Kore wa nan desu ka.
B: Sukiyaki desu.
A: Nan no ryōri desu ka.
(1)
B: Gyūniku to yasai no ryōri desu.
A: Oishii desu ka.
B: Hai, oishii desu yo.
A: Sumimasen. Kore wa dare no desu ka.

(2) B: Sā, wakarimasen.
C: A! Watashi no desu.
3 SAKURA DEPĀTO WA DOKO DESU KA.
Sarimu : Salim
Furonto : Front desk
KAIWA Nihon-jin : A Japanese person
Eki'in : Station attendant
[1]
Sarimu : Sumimasen. Sakura Depāto wa doko desu ka
Furonto : Ginza desu.
Sarimu : Depāto wa nan-ji made desu ka.
Furonto : 7-ji made desu.
Sarimu : Arigatō gozaimasu.
[2]
Sarimu : Sumimasen. Kippu-uriba wa doko desu ka.
Nihon-jin : Asoko desu.
Sarimu : Ginza made ikura desu ka.

Nihon-jin : 180-en desu.
Sarimu : Ginza wa nan-bansen desu ka.
Nihon-jin : 1-bansen desu.
Sarimu : Dōmo arigatō.
[3]
Sarimu : Sumimasen. Kore wa Ginza e ikimasu ka.
Eki'in : Hai, ikimasu.
Sarimu : Dōmo.
3 WHERE IS THE SAKURA DEPARTMENT STORE?
DIALOGUE
Salim : Excuse me. Where is the Sakura Department Store?
Front : It's in Ginza.
Salim : Until what time is the store open?
Front : 7 o'clock.
Salim : Thank you.
Salim : Excuse me. Where is the ticket office?

Japanese : It's over there.
Salim : Thank you.
Salim : How much does it cost to go to Ginza?

Japanese : 180 yen.
Salim : What is the platform number for Ginza?
Japanese : No. 1.
Salim : Thank you.
Salim : Excuse me. Does this train go to Ginza?

S. A. : Yes, it does.
Salim : Thanks.
Kaiwa Dialogue
Sakura Sakura [a Japanese name; its original
meaning is 'cherry blossoms.']
depāto department store
doko where
furonto front desk
Nihon-jin a Japanese person
eki'in station attendant
Ginza Ginza [a place name in Tokyo]
nan-ji what time
--made until; to
7-ji 7 o'clock
kippu ticket
kippu-uriba ticket office
asoko over there
ikura how much
--en yen
--bansen platform number
--e to (a particle indicating direction)
ikimasu (iku)* to go
Dōmo. Thanks.
[ * The word shown here in ( ) is the dictionary form of the verb.

Lesson 9]
Renshū Exercise
ima now
(9-ji) han half past (nine)
--fun / pun minute
jimusho office
--kara (desu) (is) from
gozen a.m.
gogo p.m.
ginkō bank
byōin hospital
kurasu class
koko here
shokudō dining hall
robii lobby
toire toilet
soko there
eki station
Shinjuku Shinjuku [a place name in Tokyo]
Fuji-san Mt. Fuji
Shizuoka Shizuoka [a place name in Japan]
Tōkyō Tokyo
Akihabara Akihabara [a place name in Tokyo]
Kyōto Kyoto [a place name in Japan]
Ōsaka Osaka [a place name in Japan]
Nagoya Xagoya [a place name in Japan]
ikimasen don't / doesn't go
tsugi next
Nan-ji [What time--?] Nan-pun [How many minutes--?]
1-ji ichi-ji 1-pun ippun
2-ji ni-ji 2-fun ni-fun
3-ji san-ji 3-pun san-pun
4-ji yo-ji 4-pun yon-pun
5-ji go-ji 5-fun go-fun
6-ji roku-ji 6-pun roppun
7-ji shichi-ji 7-fun nana-fun
8-ji hachi-ji 8-pun happun / hachi-fun
9-ji ku-ji 9-fun kyū-fun
10-ji jū-ji 10-pun jippun / juppun
11-ji jūichi-ji 20-pun ni-jippun / ni-juppun
12-ji jūni-ji 30-pun san-jippun / san-juppun
40-pun yon-jippun / yon-juppun
50-pun go-jippun / go-juppun
Kazu [Numbers]
100 hyaku
200 ni-hyaku
300 san-byaku
400 yon-hyaku
500 go-hyaku
600 roppyaku
700 nana-hyaku
800 happyaku
900 kyū-hyaku
1000 sen
Kaisetsu Notes
1. koko / soko / asoko

koko here the location of the object is close to the speaker
soko there the location of the object is closer to the listener than to the
speaker
asoko over there the location of the object is distant from both the speaker
and the listener
doko where (an interrogative to ask location)
2. koko Jimusho wa koko desu.

N wa soko desu. [The office is here.]
asoko Jimusho wa doko desu ka.
[Where is the office?]
N wa doko desu ka.
'N wa koko desu' indicates that N is located at a place being pointed to.
3.
‘Koko wa N desu' is used to describe what the place being pointed to is.
koko 8-ji 5-fun [ 5 minutes past eight]

4. fun
soko wa N desu. 5-ji 10-pun [10 minutes past five]
~ji pun
asoko 4-ji han [half past four]
han
'ji' is a time classifier of hours, meaning "o'clock".

Note that '4-ji' is pronounced ' yo-ji' and '9-ji= ku-ji.'
'fun / pun’ are the classifiers for minutes.
5. (time) kara (time) made 9-ji kara 5-ji made

[from 9 until 5 o'clock!
'kara' indicates the starting point and 'made indicates the final or ultimate
point in time.
6. Narita kara Ginza made
(place) kara (place) made [from Narita to Ginza]
'kara’ ("from") used after a place name indicates that the place is the
starting point, 'made' ("to" or "as far as") added after a place name indicates
the destination.
7.
Kore wa ikura desu ka.

[How much is this?]
Ginza made ikura desu ka.
[How much is the fare to Ginza?]
Ikura desu ka.
'ikura' is an interrogative pronoun to ask cost and
price..
8. Kore wa Ginza e ikimasu.

(place) e [This train goes to Ginza.]
ikimasu
‘e’ is the particle that indicates the direction or destination of movement
with verbs of coming and going. [ Lesson 5].
RENSHŪ
<1>
A: Ima nan-ji desu ka.
(1)
B: 4-ji desu.
9-ji han 7-ji 15-fun 1-ji 40-pun
<2>
(1) Jimusho wa 9-ji kara desu.
A: Jimusho wa nan-ji kara desu ka.

(2)
B: 9-ji kara desu.
(3) Jimusho wa 5-ji made desu.

9 : 00 ~ 5 : 00
A: Jimusho wa nan-ji made desu ka.

(4)
B: 5-ji made desu.
A: Sumimasen. Jimusho wa nan-ji kara nan-ji made desu

(5) ka.
B: 9-ji kara 5-ji made desu.
depāto ginkō
gozen 10 : 00 ~ gogo 7 : 00 9 : 00 ~ 3 : 00
byōin Nihon-go no kurasu
9 : 00 ~ 6 : 30 9 : 30 ~ 4 : 00
<3>
(1) Koko wa jimusho desu.
shokudō robii furonto
(2) Toire wa koko desu.

soko asoko
A: Jimusho wa doko desu ka.
(3)
B: Asoko desu.
denwa / soko eki / asoko
toire / koko
A: Sakura Depāto wa doko desu ka.

(4)
B: Ginza desu.
JICA / Shinjuku Fuji-san / Shizuoka
<4>
(1) Ginza made 180 en desu.
Tōkyō Shinjuku
A: Ginza made ikura desu ka.

(2)
B: 180-en desu.
Akihabara / 190 Shinjuku / 130
A: Ginza wa nan-bansen desu ka.

(3)
B: 1-bansen desu.
Shinjuku / 4 Akihabara / 2
A: Kore wa Kyōto e ikimasu ka.

(4)
B: Hai, ikimasu.
Ōsaka Nagoya
<5>
(1) A: Sumimasen. Kore wa Ginza e ikimasu ka.
B: Iie, ikimasen.
A: Ginza wa nan-bansen desu ka.
B: 1-bansen desu.
A: Sumimasen. Shinjuku wa tsugi desu ka.

(2) B: Iie, chigaimasu. Shinjuku wa tsugi no tsugi desu.
A: Sō desu ka. Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu.
4 HANBĀGĀ O KUDASAI.
Ten'in : Clerk
[1]
Ten'in : Irasshaimase.
Sarimu : Hanbāgā o kudasai.
Ten'in : Ikutsu desu ka.
Sarimu : Futatsu kudasai.
Sorekara kōhii o hitotsu onegai-shimasu.
Ten'in : Hai, wakarimashita.
[2]
Sarimu : Sumimasen. Kamera wa nan-gai desu ka.
Ten'in : 2-kai desu.
Sarimu : 2-kai desu ne.
Ten'in : Hai, sō desu.
Sarimu : Sumimasen. Ano kamera o misete kudasai.

Ten'in : Hai, dōzo.
Sarimu : Ikura desu ka.
Ten'in : 40,000-en desu.
Sarimu : E? 40,000-en desu ka.
Motto yasui no wa arimasu ka.
Ten'in : Kore wa dō desu ka. 28,000-en desu.
Sarimu : Ja, kore o kudasai.
Ten'in : Arigatō gozaimasu.
4 PLEASE GIVE ME SOME HAMBURGERS.
DIALOGUE
[1]
Clerk : Can I help you?
Salim : Please give me some hamburgers.
Clerk : How many?
Salim : Two, please.
And one coffee, please.
Clerk : All right.
[2]
Salim : Excuse me. On what floor are the cameras?
Clerk : On the second floor.
Salim : The second floor, is it?
Clerk : Yes, it is.
Salim : Excuse me. Please show me that camera.
Clerk : Here you are.
Salim : How much is this?
Clerk : 40,000 yen.
Salim : What? 40,000 yen?
Do you have anything cheaper?
Clerk : How do you like this one? It's 28,000 yen.
Salim : Well, I'll take this one.
Clerk : Thank you, sir.
Kaiwa Dialogue
hanbāgā hamburger
-- o a particle indicating an object
kudasai give me
ten'in clerk
ikutsu how many
futatsu two
sorekara and then; in addition
hitotsu one
wakarimashita. All right.
nan-gai/nan-kai what floor
2-kai 2nd floor
(--desu) ne. a particle for confirmation
ano that (noun) over there
misete kudasai please show me
E? an utterance of surprise
motto more
yasui cheap
motto yasui no cheaper one
--wa arimasu ka. Do you have --?
--wa dō desu ka. How about --?/How do you like --?
Renshū Exercise
kyōshitsu classroom
heya room
kutsu shoes
nōto notebook
zubon trousers
rajio radio
terebi television
enpitsu pencil
sukāto skirt
sētā sweater
shatsu shirt
kudamono fruit
mittsu three
yottsu four
itsutsu five
ringo apple
sekken soap
denchi battery
kono this (noun)
sono that (noun)
chotto a little
ōkii big
chiisai small
takai expensive
nagai long
mijikai short
orenji orange
zenbu de altogether
Ii desu. It's good.
Ikutsu [How many--?]
1 hitotsu 6 muttsu
2 futatsu 7 nanatsu
3 mittsu 8 yattsu
4 yottsu 9 kokonotsu
5 itsutsu 10 tō
Kazu [Numbers]
1,000 sen 10,000 ichi-man 100,000 jū-man
2,000 ni-sen 20,000 ni-man 1,000,000 hyaku-man
3,000 san-zen 30,000 san-man 10,000,000 issen-man
4,000 yon-sen 40,000 yon-man 100,000,000 ichi-oku
5,000 go-sen 50,000 go-man
6,000 roku-sen 60,000 roku-man
7,000 nana-sen 70,000 nana-man
8,000 hassen 80,000 hachi-man
9,000 kyū-sen 90,000 kyū-man
Nan-gai / Nan-kai [What floor--?]

R okujō R: roof
10F jikkai / jukkai
9F kyū-kai
8F hachi-kai / hakkai
7F nana-kai
6F rokkai
5F go-kai
4F yon-kai
3F san-gai
2F ni-kai
1F ikkai
B1 chika ikkai B: basement
Kaisetsu Notes
1. ~wa nan-gai desu ka. Jimusho wa nan-gai desu ka.

[What floor is the office?]
'--gai/kai' is a classifier for floors and is added after numerals.
'1-kai' means the ground/first floor.
Pronunciation changes to '-gai' after 'nan’ and '3'.
These days, '-kai' is often heard in place of '-gai'.
2. (S) ne. 2-kai desu ne.

[It's on the 2nd floor. Am I right?]
'ne’ added at the end of a sentence with the rising intonation is used to seek
the listener's confirmation.
3. N o kudasai. Ringo o kudasai.

[Please give me some apples.]
‘o’ is a particle that indicates that the preceding noun is the object you want.
'kudasai' literally means "Please give me." This expression is used when
you want to buy something at a store, and also can be used when you order
food in a restaurant.
4. ikutsu How many?
hitotsu, jutatsu -- one, two....
There are two kinds of counting numerals in Japanese.

'ichi, ni, san--' is the way of counting that is of Chinese origin.
Here we learn the kind of Japanese origin, 'hitotsu, jutatsu, miitsu---'.
This way of counting goes only up to ten.
'ikutsu’ is used to ask how many.
A: Ringo o kudasai. [Please give me some apples.]

B: Ikutsu desu ka. [How many?]
A: Mittsu kudasai. [Give me three, please.]
5 . kono/sono/ano
kono this (noun) 'kono/sono/ano/dono' are demonstrative

pronouns (like 'kore/sore/are/dore’) but
sono that (noun) are always followed by nouns. The
relationships among the speaker,
listener, and object involved in the
ano that (noun) over there conversation are the same as in the
explanation of ' kore/sore/are’.
dono which (noun)
[ Lesson 2]
kore + ringo kono ringo [this apple]
are + ringo ano ringo [that apple]
6. okii no large one
'okii' is an adjective, 'no’ after an adjective is used in place of the name of a

thing, and corresponds to "one" in English.
Motto ōkii no wa arimasu ka. [Do
you have any larger ones?]
Motto yasui no wa arimasu ka.
[Do you have any cheaper ones?].
7. N wa do desu ka.
A shop clerk often recommends or suggests a product by saying 'kore wa dō

desu ka.' If you agree, you can say 'Ii desu ne.' If you don't want to buy, you
can say 'Sumimasen, chotto---'.
8. Ja
'ja' is uttered when the topic or the situation changes, or at the moment you
make your own decision.
Ja, kore o kudasai. [Well, I'll have this one.]
RENSHŪ
<1>
A: Sumimasen. Robii wa nan-gai desu ka.
(1)
B: 1-kai desu.
furonto / 2-kai jimusho / 3-gai
kyōshitsu / 4-kai Sarimu-san no heya / 6-kai
<2>
A: Sumimasen.
Tokei wa nan-gai desu ka.
B: 6-kai desu.
(1)
A: 6-kai desu ne.
B: Hai, sō desu.
kutsu nōto zubon
Depāto
7F shokudō
6F tokei, kamera
5F rajio, terebi
4F nōto, enpitsu
3F sukāto, sētā
2F shatsu, zubor
1F kasa, kutsu
B1 kudamono
<3>
(1) Hanbāgā o kudasai.
kōhii kore kore to kore
A: Ikutsu desu ka.

(2)
B: Hitotsu kudasai.
futatsu mittsu
yottsu itsutsu
A: Hanbāgā o hitotsu kudasai.

(3)
B: Hai, dōzo.
futatsu mittsu
yottsu itsutsu
<4>
(1) Kono kutsu wa ikura desu ka.
kasa shatsu zubon
A: Sono sētā wa ikura desu ka.
(2)
B: 3,000-en desu.
sukāto / 5,000 tokei / 8,000
kamera / 12,000 terebi / 69,000
A: Kore wa do desu ka.

(3) B: Chotto ōkii desu.
Motto chiisai no wa arimasu ka.
takai / yasui nagai / mijikai
<5>
A: Irasshaimase.
B: Ringo o mittsu kudasai.
A: Hai.
(1)
B: Sorekara orenji o futatsu kudasai.
A: Hai. Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu.
Zenbu de 500-en desu.
A: Sumimasen. Sore o misete kudasai.

B: Hai, dōzo.
A: Kore wa chotto chiisai desu.
(2)
Motto ōkii no wa arimasu ka.
B: Kore wa dō desu ka.
A: Ii desu. Ja, kore o kudasai.
5 ITSU NIHON E KIMASHITA KA.
Tanaka : Tanaka
KAIWA Maria : Maria
Tanaka : Maria-san, konnichiwa. O-genki desu ka.

Maria : Hai, genki desu.
Tanaka : Maria-san wa itsu Nihon e kimashita ka.
Maria : 5-gatsu 22-nichi ni kimashita.
Tanaka : Maria-san no kenshū wa itsu kara desu ka.
Maria : 7-gatsu tsuitachi kara desu.
Tanaka : Itsu made desu ka.
Maria : 12-gatsu 18-nichi made desu.
Tanaka : Sō desu ka. Nihon-go no kurasu wa?
Maria : 5-gatsu 28-nichi kara 6-gatsu 29-nichi made desu.
Sorekara 6-gatsu 30-nichi ni Hiroshima e ikimasu.
Tanaka : Itsu kuni e kaerimasu ka.
Maria : 12-gatsu 21-nichi ni kaerimasu.
Tanaka : Sō desu ka.
5 WHEN DID YOU COME TO JAPAN?.
DIALOGUE
Tanaka : Hi, Maria. How are you?
Maria : Fine, thank you.
Tanaka : Maria, when did you come to Japan?
Maria : I came here on the 22nd of May.
Tanaka When will your training course start?
Maria : It will start on the 1st of July.
Tanaka : Until when?
Maria : Until the 18th of December.
Tanaka : I see. How about the Japanese language class?
Maria : It will be from the 28th of May until the 29th of June.
Tanaka : Then I will go to Hiroshima on the 30th of June.
Maria : When will you go home?
Tanaka : I'm going home on the 21st of December.
Maria : I see.
Kaiwa Dialogue
itsu when
Nihon Japan
kimashita (kimasu -* kuru) came
(0) genki desu ka. How are you? /Are you fine?
Genki desu. I'm fine.
--gatsu month [classifier for months]
--nichi day [classifier for days]
(22-nichi) ni on (the 22nd)
kenshū training
Hiroshima Hiroshima [a place name in Japan]
kaerimasu (kaeru) to return; to go home
Renshū Exercise
yūbinkyoku post office

kōen park
hoteru hotel
sentā centre
kinō yesterday
kyō today
sūpā supermarket
hon-ya bookstore
taishikan embassy
kamera-ya camera shop
ikimasen deshita didn't go
ashita tomorrow
eiga movie; film
hajimarimasu (hajimaru) to begin
owarimasu (owaru) to end
Ogenki de. Look after yourself
yotei plan; schedule
Mekishiko Mexico
Nan-gatsu [What month--?]

1 ichi-gatsu 7 shichi-gatsu
2 ni-gatsu 8 hachi-gatsu
3 san-gatsu 9 ku-gatsu
4 shi-gatsu 10 jū-gatsu
5 go-gatsu 11 jūichi-gatsu
6 roku-gatsu 12 jūni-gatsu
Nan-nichi [Which day--?]

1 tsuitachi 11 jūichi-nichi 21 nijū-ichi-nichi
2 futsuka 12 jūni-nichi 22 nijū-ni-nichi
3 mikka 13 jūsan-nichi 23 nijū-san-nichi
4 yokka 14 jūyokka 24 nijū-yokka
5 itsuka 15 jūgo-nichi 25 nijū-go-nichi
6 muika 16 jūroku-nichi 26 nijū-roku-nichi
7 nanoka 17 jūshichi-nichi 27 nijū-shichi-nichi
8 yōka 18 jūhachi-nichi 28 nijū-hachi-nichi
9 kokonoka 19 jūku-nichi 29 nijū-ku-nichi
10 tōka 20 hatsuka 30 sanjū-nichi
31 sanjū-ichi-nichi
Kaisetsu Notes
1. Verb
Non-past Past
masu-form
Affirmative V-masu V-mashita
Negative V-masen V-masen deshita
ikimasu [to go]

'V-masu’ shows that the verb is in the non-past, affirmative tense. This form is
used when you express present action future action or habitual action.
ikimasen [don't/doesn't go]

‘V-masen’ is the negative form of 'V-masu’ .
ikimashita [went]
'V-mashita’ is the past, affirmative form of 'V-masu’ .
ikimasen deshita [didn't go]

'V-masen deshita' is the past, negative form of 'V-masu’ .
A question can be made by adding 'ka' at the end of the sentence.
Ikimasu ka. [Are you going?/Does it go?]
Ikimashita ka. [Did you go?/Did it go?]
2. (place) e ikimasu Ginko e ikimasu .

[ I go to the bank.]
‘e’ functions to indicate direction and roughly corresponds to the English "to".
This particle is always used with verbs which imply movement from one place to
another, such as 'ikimasu (to go)' 'kimasu (to come)', and 'kaerimasu (to return)'.
Nihon e kimashita. [I came to Japan.]
Kuni e kaerimasu. [I'll go back to my country.]
3. (time) ni 9-ji ni hajimarimasu. [It begins at 9 o'clock.] 7-

gatsu ni kimashita. [I came here in July.]
The particle 'ni' has several functions. The particle 'ni' added after words of time,
day and month, and also after the days of the week corresponds to English "at"
or "on". Note that the words 'asa (morning)/hiru (noon)/yoru
(evening)/kino/kyo/ashita’ do not take 'ni'.
RENSHŪ
<1>
(1) Ginkō e ikimasu.
yūbinkyoku kōen byōin
(2) Kuni e kaerimasu.

heya hoteru sentā
(3) Kinō Nihon e kimashita.

koko sentā
<2>
A: Kyō ginkō e ikimasu ka.

(1)a
B: Hai, ikimasu.
yūbinkyoku sūpā hon-ya
A: Kyō ginkō e ikimasu ka.

b
B: Iie, ikimasen.
yūbinkyoku sūpā hon-ya
A: Kinō sūpā e ikimashita ka.
(2)a
B: Hai, ikimashita.
taishikan kamera-ya yūbinkyoku
A: Kinō sūpā e ikimashita ka.

b
B: Iie, ikimasen deshita.
taishikan kamera-ya yūbinkyoku
A: Ashita doko e ikimasu ka.

(3)
B: Ginkō e ikimasu.
hon-ya byōin taishikan
A: Itsu Nihon e kimashita ka.

(4)
B: 9-gatsu ni kimashita.
6-gatsu tsuitachi ni 4-gatsu 11-nichi ni kinō
<3>
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(1) Maria-san wa 5-gatsu 22-nichi ni Nihon e kimashita.

Nihon-go no kurasu wa 5-gatsu 28-nichi kara 6-gatsu 29-nichi
(2)
made desu.
(3) 6-gatsu 30-nichi ni Hiroshima e ikimasu.
(4) Kenshū wa 7-gatsu tsuitachi kara 12-gatsu 18-nichi made desu.
(5) 12-gatsu 21-nichi ni kuni e kaerimasu.
<4>
(1) Eiga wa 7-ji ni hajimarimasu.
Nihon-go no kurasu / 9-ji han shigoto / 9-ji
(2) Eiga wa 9-ji ni owarimasu.

Nihon-go no kurasu / 4-ji shigoto / 5-ji
A: Eiga wa nan-ji ni hajimarimasu ka.
(3)
B: 7-ji ni hajimarimasu.
Nihon-go no kurasu / 9-ji han shigoto / 9-ji
A: Eiga wa nan-ji ni owarimasu ka.

(3)
B: 7-ji ni owarimasu.
Nihon-go no kurasu / 4-ji shigoto / 5-ji
<3>
A: Ashita doko e ikimasu ka.
B: Taishikan e ikimasu.
(1)
A: Sō desu ka. Nan-ji ni kaerimasu ka.
B: 5-ji ni kaerimasu.
A: Tanaka-san, watashi wa ashita kuni e kaerimasu.

B: A, sō desu ka. Ashita desu ka.
(2) Ogenki de.
A: Hai, arigatō gozaimasu.
Tanaka-san mo ogenki de
<6>
Maria-san no yotei
Watas hi w a 5-gats u 22-nichi ni N ihon e kimas hita.

N ihon-go no kuras u w a 5-gats u 28-nichi kara 6-gats u 29-
nichi made des u.
6-gats u 30-nichi ni H iros hima e ikimas u.
K ens hū w a 7-gats u ts uitachi kara 12-gats u 18-nichi made
des u.
12-gats u 21-nichi ni M ekis hiko e kaerimas u.
6 NANI O SHIMASU KA.
Maria : Maria
KAIWA Tanaka : Tanaka
Maria : Tanaka-san wa nan-ji ni okimasu ka.

Tanaka : 6-ji ni okimasu.
Maria : Hayai desu ne. Nan-ji goro asa-gohan o tabemasu ka.
Tanaka : 7-ji goro tabemasu. Maria-san wa nani o tabemasu ka.
Maria : Watashi wa itsumo pan to tamago o tabemasu.
: Tanaka-san no o-shigoto wa nan-ji kara nan-ji made
: desu ka.
Tanaka : 9-ji kara 5-ji made desu.
Tanaka : Nichi-yōbi wa nani o shimasu ka.

Maria : Asa wa sanpo o shimasu. Gogo wa tegami o kakimasu.
Tokidoki Shinjuku de kaimono o shimasu. Yoru wa
robii de tomodachi to hanashimasu.
Tanaka-san wa yoru nani o shimasu ka.
Tanaka : Kazoku to issho ni terebi o mimasu. Sorekara
hon o yomimasu. Tokidoki ongaku o kikimasu.
Maria-san wa nan-ji goro nemasu ka.
Maria : Sō desu ne. 11-ji han goro nemasu.
6 WHAT DO YOU DO?.
DIALOGUE
Maria : What time do you get up, Mr. Tanaka?
Tanaka : I get up at six.
Maria : It's early, isn't it? What time do you have breakfast?
Tanaka : About 7 o'clock. What do you have for breakfast", Maria9
Maria : I always have bread and eggs.
: What are your office hours, Mr. Tanaka?
Tanaka : From 9 to 5.
Tanaka : What do you do on Sundays?

Maria : I take a walk in the morning. In the afternoon, I write letters
Sometimes I go shopping in Shinjuku.
In the evening, I talk with my friends in the lobby.
What do you do at night, Mr. Tanaka?
Tanaka : I watch television with my family. And then I read books
Sometimes I listen to music.
What time do you go to bed, Maria?
Maria : Well, I go to bed around half past 11.
Kaiwa Dialogue
nani what
shimasu (suru) to do
okimasu (okiru) to get up
hayai early
-- goro about (time)
asa-gohan breakfast
tabemasu (taberu) to eat
itsumo always
pan bread
nichi-yObi Sunday
asa morning
sanpo o shimasu (suru) to take a walk
tegami letter
kakimasu (kaku) to write
tokidoki sometimes
(Shinjuku) de at / in (Shinjuku)
kaimono o shimasu (suru) to do shopping
yoru night
tomodachi friend
(tomodachi) to with (friend)
hanashimasu (hanasu) to speak; to talk
kazoku family
issho ni together with
mimasu (miru) to see; to watch
yomimasu (yomu) to read
ongaku music
kikimasu (kiku) to hear; to listen
nemasu (neru) to go to bed
Sō desu ne. Well, let me see.
Renshū Exercise
nomimasu (nomu) to drink

shinbun newspaper
hiru-gohan lunch
sentaku o shimasu (suru) to do washing
benkyō o shimasu (suru) to study
toshoshitsu library
hiru daytime
kin-yōbi Friday
do-yōbi Saturday
Dizuniirando Disneyland
tenisu o shimasu (suru) to play tennis
uchi home; house
kyōkai church
pinpon pingpong
kaimasu (kau) to buy
ban-gohan dinner; supper
ichinichi a day
shawā shower
shawā o abimasu (abiru) to take a shower
Nan-yōbi [What day of the week-- ?]
nichi-yōbi Sunday
getsu-yōbi Monday
ka-yōbi Tuesday
sui-yōbi Wednesday
moku-yōbi Thursday
kin-yōbi Friday
do-yōbi Saturday
Kaisetsu Notes
1. N o V-masu Terebi o mimasu.

[I watch television.]
The function of 'o' indicates that the preceding noun is the direct object of the
verb.
2. (place) de (N o) V-masu Heya de tegami o kakimasu .

[ I write a letter in my room .]
The function of 'de’ indicates that the preceding noun is the place where an
action occurs, 'de’ corresponds to English "at" or "in".
3. (person) to issho ni V-masu. (person) to V-masu.
'to' indicates that the preceding person is someone with whom the subject does
something together.
Wan-san to issho ni Ginza e ikimashita.
[I went to Ginza with Mr. Wang.]
'issho ni' is often unmentioned when the situation is clear.
Dare to Ginza e ikimashita ka.

[With whom did you go to Ginza?]
Wan-san to ikimashita.
[I went there with Mr. Wang.]
4. (S) ne Hayai desu ne. [Early, isn't it?]
'ne' at the end of the sentence with a falling intonation implies a mild
degree of surprise or admiration.
5. Sō desu ne
'Sō desu ne’ pronounced with slow speed implies that the speaker is seeking the
right words to use. It corresponds to English "Well, let me see."
RENSHŪ
<1>
(1) Terebi o mimasu.
kōhii / nomimasu
shinbun / yomimasu
Nihon-go / hanashimasu
A: Nani o shimasu ka.

(2)
B: Tegami o kakimasu.
hiru-gohan o tabemasu
sentaku o shimasu
ongaku o kikimasu
(3) Heya de benkyō o shimasu.

kyōshitsu
toshoshitsu
sentā
A: Doko de terebi o mimasu ka.

(4)
B: Heya de mimasu.
hon / yomimasu
tegami / kakimasu
rajio / kikimasu
(5) Kazoku to issho ni kaimono o shimasu.

Satō-san / ongaku o kikimasu
Wan-san / sanpo o shimasu
tomodachi / bideo o mimasu
<2>
(1) Asa shinbun o yomimasu.
hiru / sūpā e ikimasu
yoru / tegami o kakimasu
(2) Kin-yōbi ni ginkō e ikimasu.

do-yōbi / sentaku o shimasu
nichi-yōbi / bideo o mimasu
A: Itsu Dizuniirando e ikimasu ka.

(3)
B: Do-yōbi ni ikimasu.
nichi-yōbi ni
ashita
<3>
A: Ashita nani o shimasu ka.
(1)
B: Ongaku o kikimasu.
tegami / kakimasu kaimono / shimasu
tenisu / shimasu
A: Nichi-yōbi ni nani o shimasu ka.

(2)
B: Kōen e ikimasu.
Akihabara tomodachi no uchi
kyōkai
A: Ashita wa nichi-yōbi desu ne. Nani o shimasu ka

(3)
B: Sentā de pinpon o shimasu.
Shinjuku / eiga / mimasu
Akihabara / kamera / kaimasu
heya / hon / yomimasu
<4>
(1) A: Nan-ji goro ban-gohan o tabemasu ka.
B: 7-ji goro tabemasu.
A: Doko de tabemasu ka.
B: Itsumo sentā no shokudō de tabemasu.
A: Nichi-yōbi wa nani o shimasu ka.

B: Tenisu o shimasu.
(2)
A: Dare to issho ni shimasu ka.
B: Tomodachi to issho ni shimasu.
<5>
Tanaka-san no ichinichi
7:00 okimasu
(shinbun)
Watashi wa itsumo 7-ji ni okimasu.
Sorekara shinbun o yomimasu.
Shigoto wa 9-ji kara 5-ji made desu.
9:00
6-ji han goro uchi e kaerimasu.
Yoru wa kazoku to issho ni terebi o
mimasu. Tokidoki hon o yomimasu. shigoto
Sorekara shawā o abimasu.
11-ji goro nemasu.
5:00
6:30 kaerimasu
(terebi / hon)
(shawā)
11:00 nemasu
7 YOKOHAMA E IKIMASEN KA.

Satō : Sato
Sentā : Centre
Maria : Maria
KAIWA
[1]
Satō : Moshimoshi.
Sentā : Kokusai Sentā desu.
Satō : Mekishiko no Maria-san, onegai-shimasu.
Sentā : Hai, chotto omachi kudasai.
Maria : Moshimoshi, Maria desu.

Satō : Satō desu. Konnichiwa.
Maria : Ā, Satō-san desu ka. Konnichiwa.
[2]
Satō : Maria-san, ashita Yokohama e ikimasen ka.
Maria : Ā, ii desu ne. Nan-ji desu ka.
Satō : 9-ji wa dō desu ka.
Maria : Sumimasen. 9-ji wa chotto··· Tomodachi ga kimasu kara.
Satō : Ā, sō desu ka. Ja, 1-ji wa dō desu ka.
Maria : Ii desu ne. Doko de aimashō ka.
Satō : Sentā no robii wa dō desu ka.
Maria : Hai, wakarimashita.
Ja, 1-ji ni Sentā no robii de aimashō
Satō : Ē. Ja, mata ashita.
7 WONT YOU GO TO YOKOHAMA WITH ME?
DIALOGUE
[1]
Sato : Hello.
Centre : Kokusai Centre.
Sato : Ms. Maria from Mexico, please.

Centre : Just a moment, please.
Maria : Maria speaking.

Sato : Hello. This is Ms. Sato. Hi.
Maria : Oh, Ms. Sato. Hi.
[2]
Sato : Maria, won't you go to Yokohama tomorrow?

Maria : Oh, that's nice! What time?
Sato : How about 9 o'clock?
Maria : No, I'm sorry--- A friend of mine will be coming at 9 o'clock.
Sato : Oh, is that so? How about 1 o'clock?.
Maria : That's good. Where shall we meet?
Sato : How about the lobby of the Centre?
Maria : All right. Well, let's meet in the lobby of the Centre at 1 o'clock.
Sato : O.K. See you tomorrow.
Kaiwa Dialogue
Yokohama Yokohama [a place name in Japan]
ikimasen ka. Won't you go?
Moshimoshi. Hello.
Kokusai Sentā International Centre
Chotto omachi kudasai Wait a moment, please.
machimasu (matsu) to wait
Ā oh; ah
Ā, ii desu ne. Oh, that's nice!
ii nice; good
Sumimasen. I'm sorry.
-- wa chotto No, I'd rather not ---
-- kara because; as
aimashō ka. (aimasu  au) Shall we meet?
aimashō. Let's meet.
Ē Yes [colloquial]
mata again
mata ashita. See you tomorrow.
Renshū Exercise
pātii party
dōshite why
isogashii busy
repōto report
denwa-bangō telephone number
nan-ban what number
mō ichi-do once more
yukkuri slowly
(o) denwa desu. There is a telephone call for you.
Akiko Akiko [a Japanese feminine name]
mada not yet
pitii party
denwa-shimasu (denwa-suru) to telephone
Kaisetsu Notes
1. V-masen ka Kōhii o nomimasen ka.

[Won't you have some coffee?]
‘V-masen ka’ is used when the speaker invites someone to do something

together. It corresponds to English "Won't you--?"
2. V-mashō. Ikimashō.
[Let's go.]
‘V-mashō’ is used when colleagues agree to do something together, and it

corresponds to "Let's --" in English.
3. V-mashō ka. Doko de aimashō ka.

[Where shall we meet?]
‘V-mashō ka’ with an interrogative pronoun is used to discuss what to do
together/where to meet/etc.
4. (S) kara. Tomodachi ga kimasu kara .

[Because a friend of mine will be coming.]
‘kara’ added after the sentence indicates that the preceding sentence is the
reason.
Reason
{Tomodachi ga kimasu} kara.
a friend of mine will be coming because
5. N wa dō desu ka. 9-ji wa dō desu ka.

[How about 9 o'clock?]
'dō desu ka’ is used when you suggest, for instance, when or where to meet, what
to do. etc. If you agree with the suggestion, you say 'Ā, ii desu ne.'
6. Sumimasen. Chotto···
This is a mild expression of refusal that the suggestion or invitation doesn't suit
the speaker's taste or convenience.
RENSHŪ
<1>
A: Kōhii o nomimasen ka.
(1)a
B: Ii desu ne.
pinpon o shimasu kōen e ikimasu
bideo o mimasu
A: Kōhii o nomimasen ka.

b
B: Sumimasen. Chotto ···
pinpon o shimasu kōen e ikimasu
bideo o mimasu
<2>
A: Itsu aimashō ka.
B: Kin-yōbi wa dō desu ka.
(1)
A: Ii desu ne.
ashita 11-nichi nichi-yōbi
A: Doko de aimashō ka.

(2) B: Hoteru no robii wa dō desu ka.
A: Ii desu ne.
furonto eki sentā
A: Nan-ji ni aimashō ka.

(3) B: 10-ji wa dō desu ka.
A: Sumimasen. 10-ji wa chotto ···
4-ji 9-ji 12-ji han
<3>
A: Sarimu-san, kōhii o nomimasen ka.
(1)
B: Ā, ii desu ne. Nomimashō.
bideo o mimasu sanpo o shimasu
ban-gohan o tabemasu
<4>
A: Kyō pātii e ikimasu ka.
B: Iie, ikimasen.
(1)
A: Dōshite desu ka.
B: Tomodachi ga kimasu kara.
taishikan e ikimasu chotto isogashii desu
repōto o kakimasu
<5>
(1) Sentā no denwa-bangō wa 3 4 8 5 no 7 0 5 1 desu.
078-734-5176
098-876-6000
(2) Hoteru no denwa-bangō wa nan-ban desu ka.

sentā
jimusho
taishikan
<6>
A: Sumimasen. Hoteru no denwa wa nan-ban desu ka.
B: 974 no 3 9 0 7 desu.
(1) A: Sumimasen. Mō ichi-do yukkuri onegai-shimasu.
B: 9•7•4 no 3 • 9 • 0 • 7 desu.
A: Dōmo arigatō gozaimashita.
A: Moshimoshi, Tanaka-san desu ka.

(2) B: Hai, Tanaka desu.
A: Maria desu. Konnichiwa.
A: Moshimoshi, Kokusai Hoteru desu ka.

(3) B: Iie, chigaimasu.
A: Dōmo sumimasen.
O*: Kenshu Senta desu. *O=operator

A: Moshimoshi, Mekishiko no Maria Rohasu-san,
onegai shimasu.
O: Hai, chotto omachi kudasai.
(4)
•
•
•
O: Moshimoshi, Maria-san, o-denwa desu.

B: Hai, arigatō gozaimasu. ••• Moshimoshi, Maria desu.
(5) A: Moshimoshi, Satō desu.

B: Moshimoshi, Mekishiko no Maria Rohasu desu.
Akiko-san, onegai-shimasu.
A: Sumimasen. Akiko wa mada kaerimasen.
7-ji goro kaerimasu.
B: Sō desu ka. Ja, mata denwa-shimasu.
<6>
A: Maria-san, do-yōbi ni tenisu o shimasen ka.
B: Sumimasen. Do-yōbi wa chotto•••
(1) Tomodachi no uchi e ikimasu kara.
A: Ja, nichi-yōbi wa dō desu ka.
B: Ii desu ne.
8 BYŌIN WA DOKO NI ARIMASU KA.

Wan : Wang
KAIWA Maria : Maria
Wan : Maria-san, o-shigoto wa?

Maria : Kangofu desu.
Wan : Byōin wa doko ni arimasu ka.
Maria : Mekishiko-shiti ni arimasu.
Wan : Byōin ni kangofu-san ga nan-nin imasu ka.
Maria : 300-nin gurai imasu.
Wan : Ōkii byōin desu ne.
Maria : Hai. Byōin no shashin ga arimasu. Kore desu.
Wan : A, kirei desu ne.
Atarashii byōin desu ka.
Maria : Ē, atarashii desu.
Wan : Koko wa kōen desu ka.
Maria : Ē, sō desu.
Totemo kirei desu. Hana ya ki ga takusan arimasu.
Tori mo takusan imasu.
Wan : Sō desu ka. Ii desu ne.
8 WHERE IS THE HOSPITAL?
DIALOGUE
Wang : Maria, what is your occupation?

Maria : I'm a nurse.
Wang : Where is your hospital?
Maria : It's in Mexico City.
Wang : How many nurses are there in your hospital?
Maria : About 300.
Wang : It's a big hospital, isn't it?
Maria : Yes. I have a picture of the hospital. Here it is.
Wang : Oh, it's beautiful. Is it a new hospital?
Maria : Yes, it is.
Wang : Is this a park?
Maria : Yes. It's very beautiful. There are many flowers and
Many birds, too.
Wang : I see. How nice!
Kaiwa Dialogue
arimasu (aru) it is
Mekishiko-shiti Mexico City
nurse (polite form for referring to
kangofu-san
nurses)
a particle indicating the preceding noun
— ga
is the subject
nan-nin how many people
imasu (iru) there is/are
300-nin 300 people
gurai about
shashin photo; picture
kirei (na) beautiful! pretty', clean
atarashii new
totemo very
hana flower
A ya B A and B and so on
ki tree
takusan many
tori bird
Nan-nin [How many people --?]

1 hitori 6 roku-nin
2 futari 7 shichi-nin/nana-nin
3 san-nin 8 hachi-nin
4 yo-nin 9 kyū-nin/ku-nin
5 go-nin 10 jū-nin
Renshū Exercise
tsukue desk
kōdinētā coordinator
inu dog
eakon air conditioner
Perū Peru
Kenia Kenya
onna no hito a woman .
otoko no hito a man
-- dake only
ue on lover;above
kaban bag; briefcase
naka inside
soba near; beside
erebētā elevator; lift
mae before; in front of
neko cat
shita under
taipuraitā typewriter
kodomo child
ushiro behind;back of
biru building
pasupōto passport
medikaru kādo medical card
meishi name card
setsumeisho instructions
mai -- every --
mainichi everyday
Kaisetsu Notes
1.
Denwa ga arimasu.
arimasu
[There is a telephone.]
N ga
imasu Wan-san ga imasu.
[There is Mr. Wang.]
(1) 'arimasu’ and 'imasu’ are verbs that express the existence of objects.
meaning "there is/are". In the case of inanimate (insentient) things,
'arimasu’ is used, while living (sentient) things take 'imasu'.
(2) 'ga’ is a particle that indicates that the preceding noun is the subject of the
sentence.
arimasu
2.
(place) ni N ga
imasu
Asoko ni denwa ga arimasu.
[There's a telephone there.]
Robii ni Wan-san ga imasu.

[There's Mr. Wang in the lobby.]
'ni' is a particle that indicates the location of an object.

This sentence pattern states the fact that there is something/ someone (subject) at
the mentioned place, and the subject has more significance than its location.
arimasu
3.
N wa (place) ni
imasu
Denwa wa asoko ni arimasu.
[The telephone is there.]
Wan-san wa robii ni imasu.
[Mr. Wang is in the lobby.]
This sentence pattern indicates that the location of the topic is more
important than the topic itself.
4. (person) wa N ga arimasu/imasu.
Watashi wa kuruma ga arimasu.
[I have a car.]
Watashi wa kodomo ga imasu/arimasu.

[I have a child/children.]
This sentence pattern is used to express the possession of a thing/things or family

members. In the case of family members, both 'arimasu’ and 'imasu’ are used.
5. (place) de (activity) ga arimasu.
Sentā de pātii ga arimasu.

[There's going to be a party at the Centre.]
‘arimasu’ in this sentence means that activities such as parties, meetings,

concerts and other gatherings are held.
RENSHŪ
<1>
(1) Asoko ni denwa ga arimasu.
jimusho terebi tsukue
(2) Asoko ni kenshūin ga imasu.

kodineta sensei inu
<2>
A: Heya ni denwa ga arimasu ka.
(1)
B: Hai, arimasu.
terebi eakon tokei
A: Sentā ni Perū no kenshūin ga imasu ka.

(2)
B: Hai, arimasu.
Indoneshia Kenia Mekishiko
A: Kyōshitsu ni onna no hito ga imasu ka.

(3)
B: Iie, imasen. Otoko no hito dake desu.
otoko no hito / onna no hito sensei / kenshūin
<3>
A: Ginza ni depāto ga ikutsu arimasu ka.
(1)
B: Itsutsu arimasu.
mittsu yottsu takusan
A: Sentā ni Mekishiko no kenshūin ga nan-nin imasu ka.

(2)
B: 6-nin imasu.
Ejiputo / 4-nin Chūgoku / futari
Tai / 10-nin gurai
<4>
(1) Shinbun wa asoko ni arimasu.
robii tsukue no ue kaban no naka
(2) Sarimu-san wa robii ni imasu.
heya denwa no soba erebētā no mae
<5>
A: Sentā ni nani ga arimasu ka.
(1)
B: Toshoshitsu ya shokudō ga arimasu.
heya / tsukue ya terebi tsukue no ue / hon ya nōto
A: Denwa wa doko ni arimasu ka.

(2)
B: Asoko ni arimasu.
shinbun / robii kagi / tsukue no naka
A: Sarimu-san wa doko ni imasu ka.

(3)
B: Heya ni imasu.
Tanaka-san / jimusho neko / tsukue no shita
<6>
A: Tsukue no shita ni nani ga arimasu ka.
(1)
B: Kaban ga arimasu.
tsukue no ue / taipuraitā to denwa
kodomo no ushiro / terebi
A: Depāto wa doko ni arimasu ka.

(2)
B: Eki no mae ni arimasu.
kōen / byōin no soba hon-ya / biru no naka
<7>
(1) Watashi wa kodomo ga hitori imasu.
A: Sumimasen. Pasupōto wa arimasu ka.

(2)
B: Hai, arimasu.
medikaru kādo meishi setsumeisho
<8>
Watashi wa kangofu desu. Watashi no byōin wa

Mekishiko-shiti ni arimasu. Byōin ni kangofu ga
300-nin gurai imasu. Atarashii byōin desu.
Byōin no soba ni kōen ga arimasu. Koen ni ki ya
hana ga takusan arimasu. Tori mo takusan imasu.
Watashi wa mainichi kōen de sanpo o shimasu.
9 ONGAKU GA SUKI DESU.

Maria : Maria
KAIWA Satō : Sato
Maria : Konnichiwa.
Satō : Ā, Maria-san. Konnichiwa.
Maria : Tanjōbi omedetō gozaimasu.
Kore, purezento desu. Dōzo.
Satō : Dōmo arigatō gozaimasu.
Maria : Ongaku no tēpu ga takusan arimasu ne.

Satō : Hai.
Maria : Donna ongaku ga suki desu ka.
Satō : Kurashikku ga suki desu.
Maria : Sō desu ka. Watashi mo kurashikku ga suki desu.
Satō : Onaka ga sukimashita ne.

Maria : Sō desu ne.
Satō : Kyō wa tenpura o tsukurimasu.
Maria : Watashi mo issho ni tsukuritai desu.
Satō : Ja, issho ni tsukurimashō.
Satō : Sā, dōzo.

Maria : Itadakimasu.
Satō : Maria san wa hashi o tsukau koto ga dekimasu ka.
Maria : Hai, dekimasu. Totemo oishii desu ne.
Satō : Motto ikaga desu ka.
Maria : Iie, mō kekkō desu. Gochisōsama deshita.
9 WONT YOU GO TO YOKOHAMA WITH ME?

DIALOGUE
Maria : Hello.
Satō : Oh. Maria. Hi.
Maria : Happy birthday.
This is a present for you.
Satō : Oh, thank you very much
Maria : You have lots of music tapes, don't you?

Satō : Yes.
Maria : What kind of music do you like?
Satō : I like classical music.
Maria : Do you? I like classical music, too.
Satō : I'm hungry. Aren't you?

Maria : Yes, I am.
Satō : I will make tempura today.
Maria : I'd like to join you.
Satō : Would you? Then let's cook together.
Satō : Please help yourself.

Maria : Thank you.
Satō : Can you use chopsticks, Maria?
Maria : Yes, I can. This is so good.
Satō : Won't you have some more?
Maria : No more, thank you. Thank you very much for the good meal.
Kaiwa Dialogue
suki (na) favorite ; liked
tanjōbi birthday
omedetō gozaimasu congratulations
purezento present;gift
tēpu tape
donna what kind of
kurashikku classical music
Onaka ga sukimashita. I'm hungry.
tsukurimasu (tsukuru) to make
tsukuritai desu want to make
(tsukurimasu  tsukuru)
Sā, dōzo. Please start./Please help yourself.
Itadakimasu. set expression used before having a
meal.
hashi chopsticks
tsukaimasu (tsukau) to use
tsukau koto ga dekimasu (dekiru) be able to/can use
dekimasu (dekiru) can
motto ikaga desu ka. How about some more?
Iie, mō kekkō desu. No more, thank you.
Gochisōsama deshita. Thank you (for the good food).
Renshū Exercise
supōtsu sports
dansu dance
uta song
sakkā soccer
jōzu (na) be good at
Ei-go English language
taipu typing;typewriter
Supein-go Spanish language
Furansu-go French language
kuruma car
unten driving
katakana katakana
hiragana hiragana
kanji kanji;Chinese characters
naraimasu (narau) to learn
oboemasu (oboeru) to memorized to learn
agemasu (ageru) to give
moraimasu (morau) to be given; to receive
(o) miyage souvenir
soshite and
Kaisetsu Notes
1. (Person) wa N ga jōzu/suki desu.
Wan-san wa uta ga jōzu/suki desu.

[Mr. Wang is good at singing./ — likes to sing.]
Note that 'suki' is not a verb as in English but rather belongs to the category
of the na-adjective in Japanese.
Negative sentences are made by changing 'desu’ into' ja arimasen.'
Watashi wa uta ga jōzu ja arimasen.

[I am not good at singing.]
2. V-mashō. Ikimashō.
[Let's go.]
Hiroshima e ikitai desu.

[I'd like to go to Hiroshima.]
The tai-form of a verb is used to express desire, and it is made by replacing

'masu’ of 'V-masu' with 'tai'.
tabemasu tabe + tai tabetai
Conjugation Non-past Past

Affirmative V-tai desu V-takatta desu
Negative V-taku nai desu V-taku nakatta desu
N o V-masu N ga V-tai desu

Grammatically speaking, the 'o’ after the noun has to be changed into 'ga’ , but
these days, the particle 'o’ is often kept without change.
Bideo o mitai desu. [I'd like to watch the video.]
3 . The "dictionary form" of verbs:
(1) The verbs in a dictionary are given not in the masu-form, but in the
dictionary form.
(2) The dictionary forms are often used in 'plain style' conversation. For
instance, 'Terebi, miru?' instead of saying 'Terebi o mimasu ka.'
Remember that the masu-form is polite enough for almost any
occasions while the 'plain style' conversation is used only among close
friends.
(3) Verbs are classified into three groups : godan-verbs, ichidan-verbs, and
irregular verbs.
☆Godan-verbs (drop 'imasu'+u)

arimasu --- a + u  au (to meet)
kakimasu --- kak + u  kaku (to write)
☆lchidan-verbs (drop 'masu and add 'ru’ .)
mimasu --- mi + ru  miru (to see/watch)
☆lrregular verbs :
kimasu ki  ku + ru  kuru (to come)
shimasu shi  su + ru  suru (to do)
Godan-verbs Ichidan-verbs
kaimasu kau buy imasu iru be
ikimasu iku go okimasu okiru get up
kikimasu kiku listen mimasu miru watch
isogimasu isogu hurry dekimasu dekiru can
hanashimasu hanasu talk abimasu abiru take a
machimasu matsu wait shower
nomimasu nomu drink nemasu neru sleep
yomimasu yomu read tabemasu taberu eat
kaerimasu kaeru return misemasu miseru show
owarimasu owaru finish oboemasu oboeru memorize
4. N
(person) wa ga dekimasu.
~V (diet, f.) koto
'dekimasu' is used to express ability or possibility.

Watashi wa taipu ga dekimasu. [I can type.]
Watashi wa hashi o tsukau koto ga dekimasu.
[I can use chopsticks.]
'koto’ functions to change the preceding phrase into a noun phrase.

RENSHŪ
<1>
(1) Watashi wa supōtsu ga suki desu.
kōhii kudamono eiga
A: Wan-san wa dansu ga suki desu ka.

(2)a
B: Hai, suki desu.
ongaku uta supōtsu
A: Wan-san wa dansu ga suki desu ka.

b
B: Iie, suki ja arimasen.
ongaku uta supōtsu
A: Sarimu-san wa supōtsu ga suki desu ka.

B: Hai, suki desu.
(3)
A: Donna supōtsu ga suki desu ka.
B: Sakkā ga suki desu.
ongaku / kurashikku kudamono / ringo
<2>
A: Maria-san wa uta ga jōzu desu ne.
(1)
B: Iie, jōzu ja arimasen.
tenisu dansu ryōri
<3>
A: Satō-san wa Ei-go ga dekimasu ka.
(1)
B: Hai, dekimasu.
taipu tenisu Supein-go
A: Maria-san wa Furansu-go ga dekimasu ka.

(2)
B: Iie, dekimasen.
taipu tenisu kuruma no unten
A: Maria-san wa hashi o tsukau koto ga dekimasu ka.

(3)
B: Hai, dekimasu.
katakana/yomimasu
Nihon-go/hanashimasu
hiragana/kakimasu
<4>
(1) Fuji-san e ikitai desu.
kazoku ni aimasu
tomodachi to hanashimasu
kuni e kaerimasu
A: Nihon de nani ga shitai desu ka.

(2)
B: Kanji ga naraitai desu.
Nihon no uta o oboemasu
Kyōto e ikimasu
Nihon-go no benkyō o shimasu
<5>
(1) Maria-san wa Satō-san ni purezento o agemashita.
(2) Satō-san wa Maria-san ni purezento o moraimashita
omiyage hana
<6>
Kyō wa Satō-san no tanjōbi desu.

Watashi wa Satō-san no uchi e ikimashita.
Satō-san wa kurashikku ga suki desu.
Soshite ryōri ga jōzu desu. Watashi wa
Nihon no ryōri ga naraitai desu.
10 DONNA TOKORO DESU KA.
Tanaka : Tanaka
Tanaka : Sarimu-san wa Bandon desu ne.

Bandon wa atsui desu ka.
Sarimu : lie, amari atsuku nai desu.
Tanaka : Bandon wa donna tokoro desu ka.
Sarimu : Shizuka na tokoro desu yo.
Soshite totemo kirei na machi desu.
Ki ga takusan arimasu.
Yūmei na daigaku mo arimasu.
Tanaka : Sō desu ka. Tōkyō wa dō desu ka.
Sarimu : Omoshiroi desu ne. Takai biru ya kirei na mise ga takusan
arimasu. Soshite hito ya kuruma ga totemo ōi desu ne.
Demo bukka ga takai desu ne.
Tanaka : Sō desu ne. Bandon wa dō desu ka.
Sarimu : Tabemono ya yōfuku ga totemo yasui desu.
Tanaka : Ā, sō desu ka.
10 WHAT KIND OF PLACE IS IT?
DIALOGUE
Tanaka : You are from Bandung, aren't you?

Is it hot in Bandung?
Salim : No, it's not so hot.
Tanaka : What is Bandung like?
Salim : It's a quiet place. It's a very beautiful town.

There are many trees. There are some famous universities, too.
Tanaka : Is that so? What do you think of Tokyo?

Salim : It's interesting. There are many tall buildings and beautiful shops.
And there are so many people and so much traffic.
But prices are high, aren't they?
Tanaka : Yes, that's right. What about Bandung?
Salim : Oh, food and clothing are very cheap there.
Tanaka : I see.
Bandon Tōkyō
Kaiwa Dialogue
tokoro place
atsui hot
amari --nai desu not so --
shizuka (na) quiet
machi town ; community
yūmei (na) famous
daigaku college; university
--wa dō desu ka. How/What do you think of--?
omoshiroi interesting
takai high ; tall
mise shop ; store
hito a person
ōi much ; many
demo but
bukka prices ; cost of living
Sō desu ne. I agree./ I think so, too.
tabemono food
yōfuku clothing
Renshū Exercise
yasashii easy
muzukashii difficult
shinsetsu (na) kind
hansamu (na) handsome
benri (na) convenient
setsubi facilities
sutaffu staff
nigiyaka (na) lively; busy
Okinawa Okinawa [a place name in Japan]
uml sea
kami hair
gaikoku-jin foreigner
iroiro (na) various
i-keiyōshi [i-adjectives] na-keiyōshi [na-adjectives]
atsui i hot genki good health
samui cold kirei beautiful/clean
tsumetai cold hansamu handsome
ōkii big suki favorite/liked
chiisai small kirai disliked
takai expensive jōzu be good at
yasui cheap heta be bad at
ōi much/many shizuka quiet
sukunai a little/a few nigiyaka lively
yasashii easy shinsetsu kind
muzukashii difficult yūmei famous
atarashii new benri convenient
furui old fuben inconvenient
shiroi white iroiro various
kuroi black
akai red
aoi blue
ii good
warui bad
oishii tasty
mazui not tasty
omoshiroi interesting/funny
tsumaranai boring
urusai noisy
takai high/tall
hikui low/short
nagai long
mijikai short
isogashii busy
Kaisetsu Notes
1. i-adj.
N wa desu. Kono kamera wa yasui desu.
[This camera is cheap.]
na-adj. Maria-san wa shinsetsu desu.
[Maria is kind.]
There are two kinds of adjectives, the ‘i-adjectives' and the 'na-adjectives'.
In most cases, those that end with the V sound are t-adjectives, although there are
some exceptions like ‘kirei' which belong to the rca-adjective category.
Both adjectives are used as the predicates of sentences and as the modifiers of
following nouns.
2. i-adj.
oishii ringo [a delicious apple]
N
shinsetsu na hito [a kind person]
na-adj. na
In Japanese, both kinds of adjectives always come before their modifying nouns.
The difference between the i-adj. and the na-adj. is that the i-adj. uses the same
form to modify a noun, while the na-adj. takes 'na’ between the adjective and the
noun.
yasui sētā. Kore wa yasui sētā desu.
[a cheap sweater] [This is a cheap sweater.]
kirei na sētā Kore wa kirei na sētā desu.
[a pretty sweater] [This is a pretty sweater.]
3. nai desu. Kono kamera wa yasui desu.

i-adj.ku [This camera is cheap.]
arimasen. Maria-san wa shinsetsu desu.
[Maria is kind.]
There are two negative forms. The nai-form is widely used in informal 'plain
style' speech. The negative forms are made as follows :
(Drop ‘i’ and add 'ku + nai desu/arimasen')
takai taka + ku + nai desu takaku nai desu

takai taka + ku + arimasen takaku arimasen
The i-adjective 'ii' ("good") has a more formal form 'yoi' which is always used to
make the negative, as follows:
yoi yo + ku + nai desu yoku nai desu
nai desu. Kore wa kirei ja nai desu.

i-adj.ja [This is not clean/pretty.]
arimasen. Kore wa kirei ja arimasen.
yoi yo + ku + arimasen yoku arimasen
4.
[This is not clean/pretty.]
The negative form of the na-adjective is made by replacing 'desu’ with its
negative form 'ja arimasen’ or 'ja nai desu.'.
5. N wa dō desu ka. Nihon-go no kurasu wa dō desu ka.

[How do you like the Japanese language class?]
'dō’ in this case is an interrogative pronoun to ask for someone's impression.
Q: Hoteru wa dō desu ka. [What do you think of the hotel?]

A: Totemo ii desu. [It's very good.]
6. Donna N desu ka. Bandon wa donna tokoro desu ka.

[What kind of place is Bandung?]
'donna’ is an interrogative pronoun to ask the state of an object. For example, the
answer to the question 'Donna hon desu ka' could be "a detective story" or "a
small, thin book".
Q: Donna hana desu ka. [What kind of flower is it?]

A: Chiisai hana desu. [It's a small flower.]
Q: Donna hito desu ka. [What kind of person is he?]
A: Shinsetsu na hito desu. [He's a kind person.]
7. Ni wa N2 ga adj. desu. Ginza wa hito ga ōi desu.

[Ginza is crowded with people.]
This sentence pattern is used to give an idea about N 1 by describing the state of
N2 (a subsidiary of the subject).
RENSHŪ
<1>
(1) Kono hon wa omoshiroi desu.
yasashii muzukashii takai
(2) Furonto no hito wa shinsetsu desu.

hansamu kirei genki
A: Hoteru wa ōkii desu ka.

(3)a
B: Hai, ōkii desu.
atarashii yasui ii
A: Hoteru wa ōkii desu ka.

b
B: Iie, ōkiku nai desu.
atarashii yasui ii
A: Hoteru wa benri desu ka.

(4)a
B: Hai, benri desu.
kirei shizuka yumei
A: Hoteru wa benri desu ka.

b
B: Iie, benri ja arimasen.
kirei shizuka yumei
A: Kenshū wa dō desu ka.

(5)
B: Omoshiroi desu.
ii muzukashii isogashii
A: Heya wa dō desu ka.

(6)
B: Kirei desu.
ryōri / oishii
setsubi / ii
sutaffu / shinsetsu
<2>
(1) Kore wa atarashii kuruma desu.
ii takai ōkii
(2) Tōkyō wa kirei na tokoro desu.

nigiyaka yumei benri
A: Bandon wa donna machi desu.

(3)
B: Shizuka na machi desu.
kirei ii omoshiroi
<3>
(1) Tōkyō wa hito ga ōi desu.
Nihon / bukka / takai
Okinawa / umi / kirei
Satō-san / kami / nagai
<4>
A: Sarimu-san, Nihon-go no benkyō wa do desu ka.

(1) B: Omoshiroi desu. Demo chotto muzukashii desu ne.
A: Sō desu ka.
A: Maria-san, sentā wa dō desu ka.

(2) B: Totemo kirei desu. Soshite benri desu.
A: Sore wa ii desu ne.
<5>
Bandon wa shizuka na tokoro desu. Ki ga takusan

arimasu. Soshite totemo kirei desu. Gaikoku jin ga
takusan imasu. Hoteru ya iroiro na mise ga arimasu.
Nihon no resutoran mo arimasu.
Bandon wa tabemono ya yōfuku ga totemo yasui desu.
Indoneshia wa totemo atsui kuni desu. Demo Bandon wa
amari atsuku nai desu.
11 KYŌTO WA DŌ DESHITA KA.
Tanaka : Tanaka
KAIWA Maria : Maria
Tanaka : Maria-san, senshū no nichi-yōbi wa

nani o shimashita ka.
Maria : Tomodachi to issho ni Kyōto e ikimashita.
Tanaka : Kyōto desu ka. Kyōto wa dō deshita ka.
Maria : Totemo kirei deshita. Furui o-tera o takusan mimashita.
Tanaka : Shashin o torimashita ka.
Maria : Ē, takusan torimashita.
Ehagaki mo kaimashita.
Tanaka : Sō desu ka. Tenki wa dō deshita ka.
Maria : Asa wa sukoshi ame ga furimashita ga, gogo wa
totemo ii tenki deshita.
Tanaka : Sore wa yokatta desu ne. Tsukaremashita ka.
Maria : Ē, ichinichi-jū arukimashita kara sukoshi tsukaremashita.
Demo totemo tanoshikatta desu.
Tanaka : Sō desu ka. Yokatta desu ne.
Maria : Ē. Mō ichi do ikitai desu.
11 HOW DID YOU LIKE KYOTO?
DIALOGUE
Tanaka : Maria, what did you do last Sunday?

Sentā : I went to Kyoto with my friend.
Tanaka : Oh, you went to Kyoto! How did you like Kyoto7
Sentā : Very beautiful. We visited many old temples.
Tanaka : Did you take pictures?
Satō : Yes, I took many pictures.
I bought picture postcards, too.
Tanaka : I see. How was the weather?
Maria : It rained a little in the morning, but it was very fine in the afternoon.
Tanaka : That's good. Did you get tired?
Maria : Yes. We walked all day long and we became a little tired.
But we enjoyed the trip very much.
Tanaka : Really? How nice!
Maria : I'd like to go there once more.
Kaiwa Dialogue
--deshita was/were
senshū last week
furui old
(o) tera Buddhist temples
shashin o torimasu (toru) to take pictures
ehagaki picture postcard
tenki weather
sukoshi a little ; a few
ame rain
furimasu (furu) to rain ; to snow
(--deshita) ga, but
yokatta (ii) was good
tsukaremasu (tsukareru) to get tired
ichinichi-jū all day long
arukimasu (aruku) to walk
tanoshikatta (tanoshii) was fun/enjoyable
Renshū Exercise
yuki snow
kumori cloudy
ryokō trip
kengaku observation
jisshū practical experience on a job/site
kikai machine
hima (na) not busy ; free
jūsu juice
biiru beer
watashitachi we
Hi Shū Tsuki Toshi

day week month year
kinō senshū sengetsu kyonen
yesterday last week last month last year
kyō konshū kongetsu kotoshi
today this week this month this year
ashita raishū raigetsu rainen next
tomorrow next week next month year
Kaisetsu Notes
1.
Noun &
Non-past Past
na-adjectives
Affirmative - -desu --deshita
--ja arimasen --ja arimasen deshita
Negative
--ja nai desu --ja nakatta desu
ame = Noun
non-past affirmative
kyō wa ame desu. [It's raining today.]
non-past negative
Kyō wa ame ja arimasen. [It isn't raining today.]
(Kyō wa ame ja nai desu.)
(1) past affirmative
Kinō wa ame deshita. [It was raining yesterday.]
past negative
Kinō wa ame ja arimasen deshita. [It wasn't raining yesterday.]
(Kinō wa ame ja nakatta desu.)
shizuka = na-adj.
non-past affirmative
Sentā wa shizuka desu. [The centre is quiet.]
non-past negative
Sentā wa shizuka ja arimasen. [The centre is not quiet.]
(Sentā wa shizuka ja nai desu.)
(2) past affirmative
Sentā wa shizuka deshita. [The centre was quiet.]
past negative
Sentā wa shizuka ja arimasen desita. [The centre wasn't quiet.]
(Sentā wa shizuka ja nakatta desu.)
2 . i-adjectives
Non-past Past
Affirmative --i desu --katta desu
Negative --ku arimasen --ku arimasen deshita
--ku nai desu --ku nakatta desu
The past tense of the z-adjectives is made as follows.
yasashii + katta desu yasashikatta desu
yasashiku nai + katta desu yasashiku nakatta desu
yasashiku arimasen + deshita yasashiku arimasen deshita

(Conjugation table of i-adjectives)
Non-past Past
Affirmative Negative Affirmative Negative
atsui desu atsuku nai desu atsukatta desu atsuku nakatta desu
samui desu samuku nai desu samukatta desu samuku nakatta desu
takai desu takaku nai desu takakatta desu takaku nakatta desu
yasui desu yasuku nai desu yasukatta desu yasuku nakatta desu
furui desu furuku nai desu furukatta desu furuku nakatta desu
ii desu yoku nai desu yokatta desu yoku nakatta desu
3. S1 ga, S2 (S = sentence)
Hoteru wa kirei desu ga, chiisai desu.

[The hotel is clean but small.]
'ga’ added after a sentence is a conjunction meaning "but". Note that the
conjunction comes after the first sentence, not at the head of the following
phrase/sentence as in English.
Ei-go wa wakarimasu ga, Supein-go wa wakarimasen.
[I can understand English, but I can't understand Spanish.]
RENSHŪ
<1>
(1) Kinō wa ii tenki deshita.
ame yuki kumori
A: Do-yōbi wa ame deshita ka.

(2)a
B: Hai, ame deshita.
yuki ii tenki kumori
A: Do-yōbi wa ame deshita ka.

b
B: Iie, ame ja arimasen deshita.
yuki ii tenki kumori
A: Ryōri wa oishikatta desu ka.
(3)a
B: Hai, oishikatta desu.
ryokō / omoshirokatta kengaku / tanoshikatta
jisshū / yokatta
A: Ryōri wa oishikatta desu ka.

b
B: Iie, oishiku nakatta desu.
ryokō / omoshirokatta kengaku / tanoshikatta
jisshū / yokatta
A: Machi wa kirei deshita ka.

(4)a
B: Hai, kirei deshita.
nigiyaka shizuka
A: Machi wa kirei deshita ka.

b
B: Iie, kirei ja arimasen deshita.
nigiyaka shizuka
A: Kyōto wa dō deshita ka.

(5)
B: Omoshirokatta desu.
ii kirei shizuka
<2>
(1) Kono heya wa kirei desu ga, chiisai desu.
Kono kikai wa benri desu / takai desu
Nihon-go wa omoshiroi desu / chotto muzukashii desu
Kono ryōri wa takai desu / oishii desu
(2) Do-yōbi wa isogashii desu ga, nichi-yōbi wa hima desu.

Ei-go wa wakarimasu / Supein-go wa wakarimasen
Jūsu wa arimasu / biiru wa arimasen
Kudamono wa suki desu / yasai wa suki ja arimasen
<3>
Senshū watashi wa tomodachi to Kyōto e ikimashita.

Kyōto wa totemo kirei deshita. Furui o-tera e ikimashita.
O-tera wa shizuka deshita. Shashin o takusan torimashita.
Ehagaki mo kaimashita. Sorekara Kyōto no ryōri mo
tabemashita.
Asa wa sukoshi ame ga furimashita ga, gogo wa totemo
ii tenki deshita. Watashitachi wa ichinichi-jū
arukimashita kara sukoshi tsukaremashita. Demo totemo
tanoshikatta desu. Watashi wa mō ichi-do Kyōto e
ikitai desu.
12 OSHIETE KUDASAI.
Sarimu : Salim
KAIWA Furonto : Front desk
Eki'in : Station attendant
[1]
Sarimu : Sumimasen. Chotto oshiete kudasai.
Ueno Dōbutsuen made dō yatte ikimasu ka.
Furonto : Chikatetsu de Shinjuku e ikimasu. Sorekara Shinjuku de
JR ni norikaemasu. Soshite Ueno de orimasu.
Sarimu : Hai, wakarimashita. Shinjuku kara Ueno made.
dono gurai desu ka.
Furonto : 20-pun gurai desu.
Sarimu : Eki kara Dōbutsuen made chikai desu ka.
Furonto : Ē, chikai desu yo. Aruite 10-pun gurai desu.
Ueno-eki de kiite kudasai.
Sarimu : Hai, wakarimashita. Dōmo arigatō gozaimashita.
[2]
Sarimu : Anō, sumimasen.
Eki'in : Hai, nan desu ka.
Sarimu : Dōbutsuen wa doko desu ka.
Eki'in : Soko o massugu itte kudasai.
Koko kara 10-pun gurai desu.
Sarimu : Hai. Dōmo arigatō gozaimashita.
12 PLEASE TELL ME.
DIALOGUE
[1]
Salim : Excuse me. Could you tell me how to go to the Ueno Zoo?
Front : Please go to Shinjuku by subway. Then transfer to the JR at
Shinjuku and then get off at Ueno.
Salim : All right. How long will it take to go to Ueno from Shinjuku?
Front : About 20 minutes.
Salim : Is the zoo close to the station?
Front : Yes. it is. It's about 10 minutes on foot.
Please ask the way at the station.
Salim : All right. Thank you very much.
[2]
Salim : Uh. excuse me.
S.A. : Yes. What can I do for you?
Salim : How can I get to the zoo?
S.A. : Please go straight ahead there.
It will take about 10 minutes.
Salim : O.K. Thank you very much.
Kaiwa Dialogue
oshiete kudasai please teach ; please tell
(oshiemasu  oshieru)
Ueno Ueno [a place name in Tokyo)
dōbutsuen zoo
dō yatte how
chikatetsu subway
(chikatetsu) de by (subway)
JR Japan Railways
— ni (norikaemasu) (to change trains) to
norikaemasu (norikaeru) to change trains
orimasu (oriru) to get off
dono gurai how long
chikai near ; close to
aruite (arukimasu  aruku) on foot
kiite kudasai (kikimasu  kiku) please ask
-- o a particle indicating location along
which motion takes place
massugu straight ahead
Renshū Exercise
jūsho address
chizu map
kashimasu (kasu) to lend
airon iron
motte kimasu (motte kuru) to bring ; to fetch
mado window
shimemasu (shimeru) to close
akemasu (akeru) to open
denki electricity; light
tsukemasu (tsukeru) to turn on
michi road
hidari left
(hidarj) ni to (the left)
magarimasu (magaru) to turn
basu bus
norimasu (noru) to get on
shinkansen bullet train
Narita Narita [a place name in Japan]
hikōki airplane
densha train
takushii taxi
kūkō airport
--jikan hours
tori street
migi right
kantan (na) simple ; easy
oshimasu (osu) to push
shingō traffic light
Nan-jikan [How many hours ?]

1 ichi-jikan 6 roku-jikan
2 ni-jikan 7 shichi-jikan/nana-jikan
3 san-jikan 8 hachi-jikan
4 yo-jikan 9 ku-jikan
5 go-jikan 10 jū-jikan
Kaisetsu Notes
1. V-te kudasai. Mado o akete kudasai.

[ Please open the window.]
Te-form of verbs : the three groups of verbs were introduced in Lesson 9, where
the dictionary form was introduced. The te-form is used in many ways with
supplementary words, for instance. ‘Verb-te kudasai' is used to express a
request ; 'Verb-te imasu’ ( Lesson 13) is used to express conditions or states.
2 . The te-form of verbs are made as follows :
☆Godan-verbs :
kaimasu  ka + tte  katte (to buy)
machimasu  ma + tte  matte (to wait)
norimasu  no + tte  notte (to get on)
kakimasu  ka + ite  kaite (to write)

isogimasu  iso + ide  isoide (to hurry)
yobimasu  yo + nde  yonde (to call)

shinimasu/  shi + nde  shinde (to die)
nomimasu  no + nde  nonde (to drink)
 kash + 
kashimasu te kashite (to lend)
i
ikimasu  i + tte  itte (to go)
☆lchidan-verbs (drop 'masu’ and add 'te’ .)

mimasu  mi + te  mite (to see)
okimasu  oki + te  okite (to get up)
tabemasu  tabe + te  tabete (to eat)
akemasu  ake + te  akete (to open)
kimasu  ki + te  kite (to come)
shimasu  shi + te  shite (to do)
3. N de V-masu. Densha de ikimasu.
[I'll go by train.]
The particle 'de’ has a function to indicate that the preceding noun is the tool or
method used in performing the action indicated by the verb in a sentence. (Note
that another function of 'de' is to indicate the place where an action takes place)
Enpitsu de kaite kudasai.
[Please write with a pencil.]
Ei-go de hanashite kudasai.
[Please speak in English.]
4. dō yatte Kūkō made dō yatte ikimasu ka.

[How do I go to the airport?]
This is an interrogative to ask "how".

Dō yatte tsukaimasu ka.
[How do I use this?]
Dō yatte tabemasu ka.
[How do I eat it?]
5. dono gurai Kūkō made dono gurai desu ka.

[ How long will it take to get to the airport ?]
'dono gurai' is an interrogative to ask "How long", "How far".

Tōkyō kara Yokohama made dono gurai desu ka.
[How far is it from Tokyo to Yokohama?]
RENSHŪ
<1>
(1) Namae o kaite kudasai.
jūsho chizu denwa-bangō
(2) Jisho o kashite kudasai.

enpitsu bideo airon
(3) Koko e kite kudasai.

jimusho furonto robii
(4) Pasupōto o motte kite kudasai.

chizu kamera medikaru kādo
<2>
(1) Sumimasen. Denwa-bangō o oshiete kudasai.
furonto e kimasu mado o shimemasu
chizu o kakimasu Tanaka-san ni kikimasu
A: Sumimasen. Mado o akete kudasai.

(2)
B: Hai.
denki o tsukemasu kono kanji o yomimasu
jimusho e ikimasu chotto machimasu
A: Sumimasen. Dōbutsuen made dō yatte ikimasu ka.

(3)
B: Kono michi o massugu itte kudasai.
Asoko o hidari ni magarimasu
4-ban no basu ni norimasu
Shinjuku de JR ni norikaemasu
<3>
(1) Tōkyō-eki de orimasu.
norimasu norikaemasu
(2) Tokyō-eki de shinkansen ni norimasu.

Shinjuku / JR koko / basu
Narita / hikōki
(3) Jimusho made densha de ikimasu.

chikatetsu de basu de
takushii de aruite
A: Kūkō made nan de ikimasu ka.

(4)
B: Basu de ikimasu.
densha takushii densha to basu
A: Koko kara kūkō made dono gurai desu ka.

(5)
B: Densha de 30-pun desu.
45-fun 1 –jikan 1 –jikan han
<4>
A: Sumimasen. Sakura Depāto wa doko desu ka.
B: Kono tōri o massugu itte kudasai.
Koko kara 3-pun gurai desu.
(1)
Depāto wa migi ni arimasu.
A: Wakarimashita.
Dōmo arigatō gozaimashita.
A: Sumimasen. Kore wa dō yatte tsukaimasu ka.

Oshiete kudasai.
B: Ē, ii desu yo. Kantan desu.
(2) Koko o oshite kudasai.
Sorekara koko o oshite kudasai.
A: A, wakarimashita.
<5>
Kyō wa Kokusai Hoteru e ikimashita. Michi ga wakarimasen
deshita kara Nihon-jin ni kikimashita.
A: Kokusai Hoteru wa doko desu ka.
B: Kono tōri o massugu itte kudasai. Asoko ni shingō
ga arimasu ne. Asoko o migi ni magatte kudasai.
Hoteru wa hidari desu. Wakarimasu ka.
A: Sumimasen. Chizu o kaite kudasai.
B: Hai, ii desu yo.
· Kokusai Hoteru
·
·
·
·
·
Sono hito wa totemo shinsetsu deshita.
13 DOKO NI TOMATTE IMASU KA.

Maria : Maria
KAIWA Satō : Sato
Sarimu : Salim
Maria : Satō-san, kochira wa Sarimu-san desu.

Satō : Hajimemashite. Satō desu. Dōzo yoroshiku.
Sarimu : Sarimu desu. Dōzo yoroshiku.
Satō : Sarimu-san, kenshū-kōsu wa nan desu ka.
Sarimu : Konpyūta desu. Daigaku de jisshū o shite imasu.
Tokidoki kengaku mo arimasu.
Satō : Sō desu ka. Sarimu-san wa ima doko ni tomatte imasu ka.
Sarimu : Kokusai Hoteru ni tomatte imasu.
Satō : Sō desu ka. Go-kazoku mo Nihon ni imasu ka.
Sarimu : Iie, Indoneshia ni imasu. Bandon ni sunde imasu.
Kanai wa ginkō de hataraite imasu.
Satō-san wa Bandon o shitte imasu ka.
Satō : Hai, shitte imasu. Ichi-do ikimashita.
Ii tokoro desu ne.
13 WHERE ARE YOU STAYING?
DIALOGUE
Maria : Ms. Sato, this is Mr. Salim.
Sato : How do you do. I'm Sato. Nice to meet you.
Salim : I'm Salim. Nice to meet you, too.
Sato : Mr. Salim, what is your training course?
Salim : Computer. I'm gaining practical experience at a university.
Sometimes we have observation tours.
Sato : I see. Where are you staying now?
Salim : I'm staying at the Kokusai Hotel.
Sato : Are you? Is your family in Japan?
Salim : No, they are in Indonesia. They live in Bandung.
My wife is working for a bank.
Do you know Bandung, Ms. Sato?
Sato : Yes, I do. I went there once.
It's a nice place, isn't it?
Kaiwa Dialogue
V-te imasu (--te iru) be V-ing
tomatte imasu to be staying
(tomarimasu->tomaru)
kochira this (polite form of 'kore')
go-- honorific prefix
(go) kazoku (your) family
sunde imasu to live
(sumimasu  sumu)
kanai my wife
hataraite imasu to be working
(hatarakimasuhataraku)
shitte imasu (shirimasushiru) to know
ichi-do once
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Renshū Exercise
kaisha company ; office

shujin my husband
gakkō school
kōgi lecture
kōgi o ukemasu (ukeru) to have lectures
mochimasu (motsu) to have ; to hold
kekkon-shimasu (kekkon-suru) to get married
okusan (your/his) wife
(go) shujin (your/her) husband
otōsan (your) father
chichi my father
musuko my son
musume my daughter
(10) -sai (10) years old
kodomotachi children
kawaii cute ; sweet
watashi no kazoku kazoku [family] --san no go-kazoku

shujin/otto husband (Maria-san no) go-shujin
kanai/tsuma wife (Sarimu-san no) okusan
kodomo child (ren) kodomo-san
musuko son musuko-san
musume daughter musume-san
sofu grandfather ojiisan

sobo grandmother obāsan
chichi father otōsan
haha mother okāsan
kyōdai brothers and sisters go-kyōdai
ani older brother oniisan
ane older sister onesan
otōto younger brother otōto-san
imōto younger sister imōto-san
akanbō baby akachan
oji uncle ojisan
oba aunt obasan
itoko cousin oitokosan
oi nephew oigosan
mei niece meigosan
Kaisetsu Notes
1. V-te imasu. Ima tegami o kaite imasu.

[Now I am writing a letter.]
This pattern is made by adding 'imasu’ to the te-form of a verb. It describes in a

broad sense a state, what people are doing, or how things are going. It indicates
actions in progress, one's habitual activities, etc., roughly corresponding to
English "be V-ing".
(1) Action in progress :
Ima tegami o kaite imasu. [Now I'm writing a letter.]
(2) Present state/situation :

Ginkō de hataraite imasu. [I am working for a bank.]
Kazoku wa Bandon ni sunde imasu. [My
family lives in Bandung.]
There are several very useful verbs which are normally used in the ‘V-te imasu'
pattern.
(1) Pasupoto o motte imasu ka. [Do you have your passport?]
A: Hai, motte imasu. [Yes, I do.]
A: Iie, motte imasen. [No, I don't.]
(2) Tai-go o shitte imasu ka. [Do you know Thai language?]
A: Hai, shitte imasu. [Yes, I do.]
A: lie, shirimasen. [No, I don't.]
(3) Shinbun o utte imasu. [They sell newspapers.]
(urimasuuru ; to sell)
RENSHŪ
<1>
(1) Wan-san wa ima terebi o mite imasu.
shinbun / yomimasu
tegami / kakimasu
benkyo / shimasu
A: Maria-san wa ima nani o shite imasu ka.
(2)
B: Maria-san wa ima ongaku o kiite imasu.
shashin o torimasu
tomodachi to hanashimasu
heya de nemasu
(3) Ima ame ga futte imasu.

yuki
<2>
(1) Kokusai Hoteru ni tomatte imasu.
sentā tomodachi no uchi
(2) Kazoku wa Bandon ni sunde imasu.

Kairo Pekin
(3) Kanai wa depāto de hataraite imasu.

ginkō kaisha
(4) Shujin wa daigaku de oshiete imasu.

gakkō sentā
<3>
A: Maria-san wa doko ni tomatte imasu ka.

(1)
B: Sentā ni tomatte imasu.
Sarimu-san / Kokusai Hoteru
A: Sentā de nani o shite imasu ka.

(2)
B: Nihon-go no benkyō o shite imasu.
jisshū o shimasu
kōgi o ukemasu
A: Kamera o motte imasu ka.

(3)
B: Hai, motte imasu.
kazoku no shashin
kuruma
A: Sarimu-san wa kekkon-shite imasu ka.
(4)
B: Hai, kekkon-shite imasu.
Wan-san Tanaka-san
A: Hoteru no denwa-bangō o shitte imasu ka.

(5)
B: Iie, shirimasen.
sentā no jūsho
Nihon no uta
A: Okusan wa nani o shite imasu ka.

(6)
B: Kanai wa yūbinkyoku de hataraite imasu.
go-shujin / shujin otōsan / chichi
<4>
A: Ima nan no kenshū o shite imasu ka.
B: Konpyūta no jisshu o shite imasu.
(1) Totemo omoshiroi desu.
A: Sō desu ka. Doko ni tomatte imasu ka.
B: Kokusai Hoteru ni tomatte imasu.
A: Sentā no jūsho o shitte imasu ka.

B: Sumimasen. Denwa-bangō wa shitte imasu ga,
(2)
jūsho wa shirimasen.
A: Ā, sō desu ka.
<5>
Watashi no kazoku
Watashi no kazoku wa Bandon ni sunde imasu.

Kazoku wa kanai to kodomo ga futari desu. Kanai wa ginkō de
hataraite imasu. Kodomo wa musuko to musume desu.
Musuko wa 10-sai, musume wa 8-sai desu. Kodomotachi wa
totemo genki desu.
Watashi wa kazoku no shashin o itsumo motte imasu.
Kodomotachi wa totemo kawaii desu.
14 DO SHITA N DESU KA.

Sarimu : Salim
KAIWA Shokuin : Staff
[1]
Sarimu : Sumimasen. Jisshū o yasundemo ii desu ka.
Shokuin : E? Dō shita n desu ka.
Sarimu : Atama ga itai n desu.
Shokuin : Netsu wa arimasu ka.
Sarimu : Hai, 38-do gurai desu.
Shokuin : Kusuri o nomimashita ka.
Sarimu : lie, mada desu. Ato de nomimasu.
Shokuin : Sō desu ka. Ja, odaiji ni.
Sarimu : Konnichiwa.
Shokuin : Ā, Sarimu-san, dō desu ka.
Sarimu : Mō daijōbu desu.
Shokuin : Yokatta desu ne.
[2]
Sarimu : Anō, kōra ga demasen.
Shokuin : E?
Sarimu : O-kane o iremashita ga demasen.
Dō shitara ii desu ka.
Shokuin : Sō desu ka. Chotto matte kudasai.
14 WHAT'S THE MATTER ?
DIALOGUE
[1]
Sarimu : Excuse me. May I be absent from the practice'
Shokuin : What? What's the matter'
Sarimu : I have a headache.
Shokuin : Do you have a fever ?
Sarimu : Yes, I do. It's about 38°C.
Shokuin : Have you taken any medicine?
Sarimu : No, not yet. I'll take some later.
Shokuin : All right. Please take care of yourself.
Sarimu : Thank you.
Sarimu : Hello.
Shokuin : Oh, Mr. Salim, how are you?
Sarimu : I'm all right, thank you.
Shokuin : I'm glad to hear that.
Sarimu : Thank you very much.
[2]
Sarimu : Say, the cola machine doesn't work.
Shokuin : What?
Sarimu : I put in some coins, but the drink didn't come out.
What should I do?
Shokuin : All right. Please wait a moment.
Kaiwa Dialogue
Dō shita n desu ka. What's the matter?
shokuin staff
yasundemo ii desu ka May I be absent from -- ?
(yasumimasuyasumu)
atama head
itai ache
Atama ga itai n desu. I have a headache.
netsu fever ; temperature
(38)-do (38) degree
kusuri medicine
ato de later
odaiji ni Take care of yourself.
mō already
daijōbu desu I'm all right.
anō Excuse me. /welliuh
kōra cola
demasu (deru) to come out
(o) kane money
iremasu (ireru) to put in
Dō shitara ii desu ka. What should I do?
Renshū Exercise
suwarimasu (suwaru) to sit

dōzo please
panfuretto pamphlet
tabako o suimasu (suu) to smoke cigarettes
kōjō factory
dame (na) no good ; not allowed
Sore wa ikemasen ne. That's too bad.
onaka stomach
kibun feeling
kibun ga warui feel bad
kaze cold ; influenza
kega injury
(heya de) yasumimasu (yasumu) to have a rest (in the room)
Kaisetsu Notes
1. V- temo ii desu ka. Shashin o tottemo ii desu ka.

[May I take some pictures?]
This sentence pattern is used to ask for permission. In daily communication, the
answers are as follows:
Positive response:
Q: Koko ni suwattemo ii desu ka. [May I sit here?]
A: Hai, dōzo. [Yes, please.]
Negative response:
'Sumimasen, chotto•••' is a very useful expression when you want to
turn down the request or offer. [ Lesson 7]
Q: Koko ni suwattemo ii desu ka. [May I sit here?]
A: Sumimasen, chotto••• Tomodachi ga kimasu kara.
[Sorry -A friend of mine is coming here.]
Suppose that you visit a factory and wonder if you could take some
pictures there. If there's a rule in the factory that doesn't allow you to
take pictures, 'dame desu’ is often used. Please remember that it is
rather a strong expression of prohibition and it is better to refrain
from using it.
Q: Kōjō de shashin o tottemo ii desu ka.
[May I take some pictures in the factory?].

A: Hai, dōzo. / Ē, ii desu yo.
[Yes, please/Yes, you may.]
Iie, dame desu. / Sumimasen, chotto···
[No, it isn't allowed./Sorry···]
2. Dō shita n desu ka. Sarimu-san, dō shita n desu ka.

[What's the matter, Mr. Salim?]
This expression is used to ask the reason when someone is in trouble or is in an

unusual state. It has the connotation that the speaker wants to know the reason
for the situation.
3. --n desu. Atama ga itai n desu.

[I have a headache.]
One of the functions of 'n’ is to ask/give the reasons for a situation. The
preceding phrase indicates the reason for the situation.
Q: Sarimu-san, dō shita n desu ka.
[Mr. Salim, what's the matter with you?]
A: Onaka ga itai n desu.

[I have a stomachache.]
4. Mō V-mashita Mō kusuri o nomirnashita ka.

[Have you already taken some medicine?]
'mō' means "already". This pattern is used to indicate that a certain expected
action has already been taken.
5. mada desu. Iie, mada desu.

[No, not yet.]
The positive answer to the question 'mō V-mashita ka' is 'Hai, V-
mashita / Hai, mo V-mashita.' The negative answer to the same question
is ‘Iie, mada desu.'
Q: Mō asa-gohan o tabemashita ka.

[Have you already eaten your breakfast?].
A: Hai, (mō) tabemashita. [Yes, please/Yes, you may.]
Iie, mada desu. [No, not yet.]
6. Dō shitara ii desu ka [What should I do?]
This expression is used when you are in trouble and you want to know what you
should do. For instance, this expression is useful when you lost valuables such as
passport, money, camera, etc..
Pasupōto o nakushimashita. Dō shitara ii desu ka.

[I've lost my passport. What should I do']
RENSHŪ
<1>
A: Sumimasen. Koko ni suwattemo ii desu ka.
(1)a
B: Hai, dōzo.
eakon o tsukemasu panfuretto o moraimasu
A: Sumimasen. Koko ni suwattemo ii desu ka.

b
B: Sumimasen. Chotto···
tabako o suimasu mado o akemasu
A: Kōjō de shashin o tottemo ii desu ka.

(2)a
B: Hai, ii desu.
enpitsu de kakimasu ashita yasumimasu
A: Kōjō de shashin o tottemo ii desu ka.

b
B: Iie, dame desu.
kyōshitsu de tabako o suimasu
heya de ryōri o shimasu
<2>
A: Dō shita n desu ka.
(1) B: Atama ga itai n desu.
A: Sore wa ikemasen ne.
onaka ga itai kibun ga warui
A: Mō kusuri o nomimashita ka.

(2)a
B: Hai, nomimashita.
byōin e ikimasu medikaru kādo o moraimasu
A: Mō kusuri o nomimashita ka.

b
B: Iie, mada desu.
byōin e ikimasu medikaru kādo o moraimasu
A: Kaze wa dō desu ka.

(3)
B: Hai, mō daijōbu desu.
A: Sō desu ka. Yokatta desu ne.
B: Arigatō gozaimasu.
onaka kega kibun
A: Kaze wa dō desu ka.

(4) B: Mada chotto···
A: Sō desu ka. Odaiji ni.
onaka kega kibun
<3>
A: Sumimasen. Kippu ga demasen.
Dō shitara ii desu ka.
(1)
B: Chotto matte kudasai.
okane kōra tabako
<5>
Kino wa jisshu o yasumimashita. Asa wa atama ga

itakatta desu. Netsu ga arimashita kara byoin e ikimashita.
Gogo wa heya de yasumimashita.
Kyo wa netsu ga arimasen. Atama mo itaku nai desu.

Mo daijobu desu.
15 SHASHIN WA TORANAIDE
KUDASAI.
Shokuin : Staff
Shokuin : Minasan konnichiwa.
Sarimu Imakara kōjō o goannai-shimasu.
Furonto : Yoroshiku onegai-shimasu.
Anō, shashin o tottemo ii desu ka.
Shokuin : Sumimasen. Shashin wa toranaide kudasai.
Sarimu : Hai, wakarimashita.
Sarimu : Koko wa hito ga sukunai desu ne.

Shokuin : Hai. Robotto o tsukatte imasu kara.
Sarimu : Robotto wa nan-dai arimasu ka.
Shokuin : 280-dai gurai arimasu.
Sarimu : Sō desu ka. Ikkagetsu ni nan-dai kuruma o
tsukuru koto ga dekimasu ka.
Shokuin : 20,000-dai desu.
Sarimu : 20,000-dai desu ka. Sugoi desu ne.
Shokuin : Kengaku wa kore de owarimasu.

Otsukaresama deshita.
Sarimu : Kyō wa iroiro osewa ni narimashita.
15 PLEASE DO NOT TAKE PICTURES.
DIALOGUE
Staff : Hello, everybody. I'll show you around the factory.
Salim : Thank you very much. And, may I take some pictures?
Staff : I'm sorry but please do not take pictures here.
Salim : All right.
Salim : There are not so many people here.

Staff : Yes, because we are using robots.
Salim : How many robots do you have?
Staff : About 280.
Salim : I see. How many cars can you produce a month?
Staff : About 20.000 cars.
Salim : 20,000! That's impressive!
Staff : The observation tour is over now. Thank you for your cooperation.
Salim : Thank you very much for your kindness.
Kaiwa Dialogue
V-naide kudasai please don't --
toranaide kudasai please don't take --
minasan everybody
imakara from now on
(go) annai-shimasu (annai-suru) to show you around
Yoroshiku onegai-shimasu. (lit : I thank you in advance.)
sukunai a little ; a few
robotto robot
nan-dai how many units
ikkagetsu one month
(ikkagetsu) ni per (month)
sugoi impressive ; great
kore de owarimasu to be over now
Otsukaresama deshita. Thank you for your cooperation.
(lit : You must be tired.)
Osewa ni narimashita. Thank you for yo'ur kindness.
Nan-kagetsu [How many months?]

1 ikkagetsu 7 nana-kagetsu
2 ni-kagetsu 8 hachi-kagetsu / hakkagetsu
3 san-kagetsu 9 kyū-kagetsu
4 yon-kagetsu 10 jikkagetsu / jukkagetsu
5 go-kagetsu 11 jūikkagetsu
6 *rokkagetsu 12 jūni-kagetsu
*han-toshi (half a year)

Renshū Exercise
beddo bed
wasuremasu (wasureru) to forget
kowaremasu (kowareru) to be broken
hanbaiki vending machine
sentakuki washing machine
fakkusu facsimile machine
sawarimasu (sawaru) to touch
abunai dangerous
hairimasu (hairu) to enter
--kagetsu --month(s)
--nen --year(s)
--shūkan --week(s)
--kai --time(s)
--nichi --day(s)
oinori-shimasu (oinori-suru) to pray
firumu film
-- hon [classifier for long objects such
as pencils, bottles, etc.]
hagaki postcard
-- mai --sheet(s) of
kitte stamp
kin'en no smoking
furasshu flash (for camera)
shumi hobby
nan-kai how often;how many times
shiryō printed material;data
Nan-nichi [How many days?] Nan-shukan [How many weeks?]
1 ichi-nichi 1 isshūkan
2 futsuka 2 ni-shūkan
3 mikka 3 san-shūkan
4 yokka 4 yon-shūkan
5 itsuka 5 go-shūkan
6 muika 6 roku-shūkan
7 nanoka 7 nana-shūkan
8 yōka 8 hasshūkan
9 kokonoka 9 kyū-shūkan
10 tōka 10 jisshūkan/
11 jūichi-nichi jusshūkan
nan-dai nan-mai nan-bon Nan-kai [How often?]

1 ichi-dai ichi-mai ippon ikkai
2 ni-dai ni-mai ni-hon ni-kai
3 san-dai san-mai san-bon san-kai
4 yon-dai yon-mai yon-hon yon-kai
5 go-dai go-mai go-hon go-kai
6 roku-dai roku-mai roppon rokkai
7 nana-dai nana-mai nana-hon nana-kai
8 hachi-dai hachi-mai happon hakkai
9 kyū-dai kyū-mai kyū-hon kyū-kai
10 jū-dai jū-mai jippon/ jikkai/
juppon jukkai
—dai : How many units--?[classifier for counting vehicles and machines]

—mai : How many sheets--? [classifier for counting flat things such as paper.]
—hon : [classifier for counting long things such as pencils, bottles and strips of film.]
Kaisetsu Notes
1. V- naide kudasai [Please do not--]
The V-nai forms are used as follows:

(1) The V-nai form is used in negative requests.
Kowarete imasu kara tsukawanaide kudasai.
[As it is out of order, please do not use this.]
Note that 'kudasai' attached after the te-form is very often unmentioned in
informal conversations.
(2) The V-nai form is very often used in informal 'plain style' speech, such
as 'Kōhii, nomanai? (Kōhii o nomimasen ka.)'
2 . The following shows the way to make the rim-form of verbs.
☆Godan-verbs :
kakimasu -- kak + anai  kakanai (do not write)
isogimasu -- isog + anai  isoganai (do not hurry)
machimasu -- mat + anai  matanai (do not wait)
kaimasu -- kaw + anai  kawanai (do not buy)
☆lchidan-verbs (drop 'masu’ and add 'te’ .)

mimasu -- mi + nai  minai (do not see)
kimasu -ki ko + nai  konai (do not come)
shimasu -- shi + nai  shinai (do not do)
Godan-verbs lchidan-verbs
aimasu aw anai meet mimasu minai watch
kaimasu kawanai buy imasu inai be
kikimasu kikanai listen okimasii okinai get up
arukimasu arukanai walk dekimasu dekinai can
isogimasu isoganai hurry orimasu orinai get off
hanashimasu hanasanai talk misemasu misenai show
nakushimasu nakusanai lose tabemasu tabenai eat
machimasu matanai wait nemasu nenai sleep
mochimasu motanai hold demasu denai come out
shinimasu shinanai die agemasu agenai give
yobimasu yobanai call akemasu akenai open
nomimasu nomanai drink shimemasu shimenai close
yomimasu yomanai read oboemasu oboenai memorize
yasumimasu yasumanai rest tsukaremasu tsukarenai be tired
magarimasu magaranai turn oshiemasu oshienai teach
owarimas owaranai finish kowaremasu kowarenai break
u
Irregular verbs
kimasu konai come

motte kimasu motte konai bring
shimasu shinai do
benkyō-shimasu benkyō-shinai study
3. (span of time) ni (frequency/amount)
1-jikan ni 2-kai
[2 times per 1 hour]
This use of 'ni' expresses a span of time. The idea of "frequency" can be
replaced by "amount" when talking about production.
l-kagetsu ni nan-dai kuruma o tsukuru koto ga dekimasu ka.

[How many cars per month can you make here?]
RENSHŪ
<1>
(1) Beddo de tabako o suwanaide kudasai.

koko de shashin o torimasu
kurasu o yasumimasu
repōto o wasuremasu
(2) Kono kikai wa kowarete imasu kara tsukawanaide kudasai.

hanbaiki sentakuki
fakkusu
A: Sawattemo ii desu ka.

(3)
B: Iie, abunai desu kara sawaranaide kudasai.
hairimasu
akemasu
oshimasu
<2>
A: Itsu Nihon e kimashita ka.
B: 7-gatsu ni kimashita.
(1)
A: Sō desu ka. Dono gurai Nihon ni imasu ka.
B: 6-kagetsu imasu.
8-kagetsu 1-nen 5-shūkan
(2) Watashi wa 1-kagetsu ni 2-kai tegami o kakimasu.

1-shūkan / 1-kai / ginkō e ikimasu
1-nichi / 5-kai / oinori-shimasu
1-nen / 1-kai / kazoku to ryokō o shimasu
(3) Firumu o 2-hon kudasai.
(4) Hagaki o 2-mai kaimasu.

(5) Konpyūta ga 1-dai arimasu.
<3>
A: Koko wa kin'en desu kara tabako o
(1) suwanaide kudasai.
B: Hai, wakarimashita.
A: Koko de shashin o tottemo ii desu ka.

(2) B: Hai, ii desu yo. Demo furasshu o
tsukawanaide kudasai.
A: Sarimu-san, shumi wa nan desu ka.

B: Supōtsu desu.
A: Donna supōtsu ga suki desu ka.
(3) B: Pinpon desu.
A: Sō desu ka. Isshūkan ni nan-kai gurai shimasu ka.
B: Isshūkan ni ikkai shimasu.
A: Sō desu ka.
<4>
Watashi wa kuruma no kōjō o kengaku-shimashita.

Sono kōjō wa okii desu ga, hito wa amari imasen.
Robotto o 280-dai gurai tsukatte imasu. Kuruma o
ikkagetsu ni 20,000 dai tsukuru koto ga dekimasu.
Kōjō no naka de shashin o toru koto wa dekimasen
deshita ga, shiryō o takusan moraimashita.
Kengaku wa omoshirokatta desu.
[APPENDICES]
1. PLAIN STYLE SPEECH 141
2. LIST OF NUMBERS, TIMES
& COUNTING EXPRESSIONS 143
3. USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS 147
4. CONJUGATION TABLES OF VERBS 156
5. KEIYŌSHI [LIST OF ADJECTIVES] 158
6. JOSHI [LIST OF PARTICLES] 160
7. OMO NA GAKUSHŪ KŌMOKU 161
[LIST OF STUDY POINTS]
8. SAKUIN [INDEX] 162
1. PLAIN STYLE SPEECH
PLAIN STYLE SPEECH: the following sentences are samples of very informal
conversations between close friends. Please remember that plain style speech is
allowed only among close friends and within families. Also, a person of higher rank
can use these forms when addressing a person of lesser rank, but the latter should
always answer with polite expressions.
PLAIN STYLE POLITE
A: Kore, nani? A: Kore wa nan desu ka.

B: Tonkatsu. B: Tonkatsu desu.
1.
A: Butaniku? A: Butaniku desu ka.
B: Sō. B: Sō desu.
A: Supōtsu, suki? A: Supōtsu ga suki desu ka.

2.
B: Uun, amari suki ja nai. B: Iie, amari suki ja arimasen.
A: Kono hon, omoshiroi? A: Kono hon wa omoshiroi desu ka.

3.
B: Un, omoshiroi yo. B: Hai, omoshiroi desu.
A: Biiru, nomu? A: Biiru o nomimasu ka.

B: Uun, nomanai. B: Iie, nomimasen.
4.
A: Ja, nani nomu? A: Dewa, nani o nomimasu ka.
B: Jūsu. B: Jūsu o nomimasu.
A: Akihabara e iku? A: Akihabara e ikimasu ka?

B: Un, ikitai. B: Hai, ikitai desu.
5. Itsu? Itsu desu ka.
A: Ashita, dō? A: Ashita wa dō desu ka.
B: Un, ii yo. B: Hai, ii desu.
A: Asakusa, shitteru? A: Asakusa o shitte imasu ka.

6.
B: Uun, shiranai. B: Iie, shirimasen.
A: Mō asa-gohan, tabeta? A: Mō asa-gohan o tabemashita ka.

7.
B: Uun, mada. B: Iie, mada desu.
A: Kinō pātii e itta? A: Kinō pātii e ikimashita ka?
B: Uun, ikanakatta. B: Iie, ikimasen deshita.
8.
Tomodachi ga kita kara. Tomodachi ga kimashita kara.
A: Sō. A: Sō desu ka.
A: Eiga wa omoshirokatta? A: Eiga wa omoshirokatta desu ka.

9.
B: Un, omoshirokatta. B: Hai, omoshirokatta desu.
A: Kyōto wa samukatta? A: Kyōto wa samukatta desu ka.

10.
B: Uun, amari samuku nakatta. B: Iie, amari samuku nakatta desu.
A: Kyōto, dō datta? A: Kyōto wa dō deshita ka.

11.
B: Kirei datta yo. B: Kirei deshita.
A sample of the mixture of plain style speech and polite speech. Person 'A' has a
higher position than 'B'. In other cases, person 'A' may be speaking this way to
express a friendly attitude. In response to this, it is a good practice to use the polite
style, in order to avoid impoliteness to anyone.
A: Konnichiwa. Genki? A: Konnichiwa. Ogenki desu ka.

B: Hai, genki desu. B: Hai, genki desu.
A: Kenshū wa itsu made? A: Kenshū wa itsu made desu ka.
B: 12-gatsu 18-nichi made desu. B: 12-gatsu 18-nichi made desu.
1. A: Sō. A: Sō desu ka.
Itsu kuni e kaeru no? Itsu kuni e kaerimasu ka.
B: 12-gatsu 21 -nichi ni B: 12-gatsu 21 -nichi ni
kaerimasu. kaerimasu.
2. LIST OF NUMBERS, TIMES & COUNTING EXPRESSIONS

I . NUMBERS
0 ~ 10 0 zero / rei
1 ichi
2 ni
3 san
4 yon / shi
5 go
6 roku
7 shichi / nana
8 hachi
9 kyū / ku
10 jū
11 ~ 11 jū-ichi 30 san-jū
12 jū-ni 40 yon-jū
13 jū-san 50 go-jū
14 jū-shi / jū-yon 60 roku-jū
15 jū-go 70 shichi-jū / nana-jū
16 jū-roku 80 hachi-jū
17 jū-shichi / jū-nana 90 kyū-jū
18 jū-hachi
19 jū-kyū / jū-ku
20 ni- jū
100 ~ 100 hyaku 600 roppyaku
200 ni-hyaku 700 nana-hyaku
300 san-byaku 800 happyaku
400 yon-hyaku 900 kyū-hyaku
500 go-hyaku
1000 ~ 1000 sen 6000 roku-sen
2000 ni-sen 7000 nana-sen
3000 san-zen 8000 hassen
4000 yon-sen 9000 kyū-sen
5000 go-sen
10000 ~ 10000 ichi-man
100000 jū-man
1000000 hyaku-man
10000000 issen-man
100000000 100000000 ichi-oku
II . TIMES
a ) Names of the time
Nan-gatsu Nan-nichi
What month--? What day--?
1 ichi-gatsu 7 shichi-gatsu 1 tsuitachi 11 jūichi-nichi 21 nijū-ichi-nichi
2 ni-gatsu 8 hachi-gatsu 2 futsuka 12 jūni-nichi 22 nijū-ni-nichi
3 san-gatsu 9 ku-gatsu 3 mikka 13 jūsan-nichi 23 nijū-san-nichi
4 shi-gatsu 10 jū-gatsu 4 yokka 14 jūyokka 24 nijū-yokka
5 go-gatsu 11 jūichi-gatsu 5 itsuka 15 jūgo-nichi 25 nijū-go-nichi
6 roku-gatsu 12 jūni-gatsu 6 muika 16 jūroku-nichi 26 nijū-roku-nichi
7 nanoka 17 jūshichi-nichi 27 nijū-shichi-nichi
8 yōka 18 jūhachi-nichi 28 nijū-hachi-nichi
9 kokonoka 19 jūku-nichi 29 nijū-ku-nichi
10 tōka 20 hatsuka 30 sanjū-nichi
31 sanjū-ichi-nichi
Nan-ji Nan-pun Nan-yōbi

What time--? How many minutes—? What day of the week--?
1 ichi-ji 1 ippun nichi-yōbi Sunday
2 ni-ji 2 ni-fun getsu-yōbi Monday
3 san-ji 3 san-pun ka-yōbi Tuesday
4 yo-ji 4 yon-pun sui-yōbi Wednesday
5 go-ji 5 go-fun moku-yōbi Thursday
6 roku-ji 6 roppun
7 nana-fun kin-yōbi Friday
7 shichi-ji do-yōbi Saturday
8 hachi-ji 8 happun / hachi-fun
9 ku-ji 9 kyū-fun
10 jū-ji 10 jippun / juppun
11 jūichi-ji 20 ni-jippun / ni-juppun
12 jūni-ji 30 san-jippun / san-juppun
40 yon-jippun / yon-juppun
50 go-jippun / go-juppun
b) Period of time
Nan-nen Nan-kagetsu Nan-shūkan Nan-nichi Nan-jikan
How many years? How many months? How many weeks? How many days? How many hours?
1 ichi-nen ikkagetsu isshūkan ichinichi ichi-jikan

2 ni-nen ni-kagetsu ni-shūkan futsuka ni-jikan
3 san-nen san-kagetsu san-shūkan mikka san-jikan
4 yo-nen yon-kagetsu yon-shūkan yokka yo-jikan
5 go-nen go-kagetsu go-shūkan itsuka go-jikan
6 roku-nen rokkagetsu roku-shūkan muika roku-jikan
7 shichi-nen / nana-kagetsu nana-shūkan nanoka shichi-jikan /
nana-nen nana-jikan
8 hachi-nen hachi-kagetsu / hasshūkan yōka hachi-jikan
hakkagetsu
9 kyū-nen / kyū-kagetsu kyū-shūkan kokonoka ku-jikan
ku-nen
10 jū-nen jikkagetsu / jisshūkan / tōka jū-jikan
jukkagetsu jusshūkan
11 jūichi-nichi
III. COUNTING EXPRESSIONS
How many--?
Nan-dai Nan-mai Nan-bon Ikutsu Nan-nin

1 ichi-dai ichi-mai ippon hitotsu hitori
2 ni-dai ni-mai ni-hon futatsu futari
3 san-dai san-mai san-bon mittsu san-nin
4 yon-dai yon-mai yon-hon yottsu yo-nin
5 go-dai go-mai go-hon itsutsu go-nin
6 roku-dai roku-mai roppon muttsu roku-nin
nana-dai nana-mai nana-hon nanatsu shichi-nin /

7
nana-nin
8 hachi-dai hachi-mai happon yattsu hachi-nin
kyū-dai kyū-mai kyū-hon kokonotsu kyū-nin /

9
ku-nin
jū-dai jū-mai jippon / tō jū-nin

10
juppon
3. USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

1 ka
(1) shokugyō profession
shigoto occupation
kenshūin participant (JICA's)
enjinia engineer
kenkyūin researcher
isha medical doctor
kangofu nurse
kōmuin public official
kyōshi/sensei teacher
keisatsukan policeman ; police officer
kaishain company employee
(2) sekai world

Ajia Asia
Chūkintō Middle East
Afurika Africa
Kita-Amerika North America
Chūō-Amerika Central America
Minami-Amerika South America
Oseania Oceania
Yōroppa Europe
Sekai chizu World map
Nihon chizu Map of Japan

2ka
(1) tabemono food (2) kudamono fruit
niku meat ringo apple
toriniku chicken mikan mandarin orange
butaniku pork ichigo strawberry
gyūniku beef suika watermelon
sakana fish momo peach
yasai vegetable nashi pear
tamago egg budō grape
banana banana
(3) mono thing hon book

kagi key kyōkasho textbook
tokei watch; clock zasshi magazine
kamera camera jisho dictionary
kaban bag chizu map
saifu purse nōto notebook
(o) kane money enpitsu pencil
kasa umbrella bōrupen ball-point pen
megane glasses
3ka
(1) sentā Centre tai'ikukan gym
shochōshitsu Director's office toshoshitsu library
furonto front desk baiten shop
jimusho office pūru swimming pool
shokudō dining hall tenisu kōto tennis court
robii lobby rōka corridor
toire toilet kaidan stairs
seminā rūmu seminar room genkan front entrance
kyōshitsu classroom erebētā elevator
kōdō auditorium niwa garden
4ka
(1) nomimono beverages biiru beer
kōhii coffee wain wine
aisu kōhii iced coffee uisukii whiskey
kōcha tea (o) sake rice wine
miruku milk (o) cha Japanese tea
jūsu juice (o) mizu water
kokoa cocoa (o) yu hot water
kōra cola
(2) menyū menu pan bread

hanbāgā hamburger gohan rice
sandoitchi sandwich dezāto dessert
supagetti spaghetti aisu kuriimu ice cream
piza pizza kēki cake
karē curry yōguruto yogurt
sūpu soup
sutēki (beef) steak shio salt
furaido chikin fried chicken satō sugar
furaido poteto fried potatoes shōyu soy sauce
sarada salad koshō pepper
(3) Chūgoku Chinese food

ryōri
rāmen ramen: noodles in soup
yakisoba fried noodles
chāhan fried rice
(4) Nihon ryōri Japanese food

udon/soba Japanese noodles
sushi vinegared rice with raw fish on top
tenpura deep fried fish and vegetable dish
sukiyaki beef and vegetable dish
sashimi raw fish
gohan cooked rice
(2) sētā sweater nekutai necktie

shatsu shirt hadagi underwear
zubon trousers kutsushita socks
sukāto skirt sutokkingu stockings
burausu blouse kutsu shoes
bōshi hat hankachi handkerchief
keshōhin cosmetics haburashi toothbrush

kamisori razor sekken soap
hamigaki toothpaste senzai detergent
5 ka
ginkō bank taishikan embassy
yūbinkyoku post office hoteru hotel
byōin hospital
6 ka
(1) kōen park bijutsukan art museum
dōbutsuen zoo eigakan movie theater
hakubutsukan museum gakkō school
(2) depāto department store bunbōgu-ya stationery shop

sūpā supermarket hon-ya bookstore
mise shop', store tokoya barber
yaoya greengrocery biyōin beauty parlor
niku-ya meat shop kuriiningu-ya laundry
sakana-ya fish shop res'utoran restaurant
pan-ya bakery kissaten coffee shop
kamera-ya camera shop
kusuri-ya drug store shinbun newspaper
denki-ya electric hon book
appliance shop zasshi magazine
hana-ya flower shop
7 ka
(1) denwa telephone shigai kyokuban area code
kōshū denwa pay phone kyokuban exchange
denwa bokkusu telephone number
booth naisen extension
denwachō telephone korekuto kōru collect call
directory terehon kādo telephone card
kokusai denwa international ryōkin charge
call waribiki discount
denwa-bangō telephone
number
8 ka
(1) (o) matsuri festival tango no sekku Boys' Festival
natsu-matsuri summer festival tanabata matsuri Star Festival
aki-matsuri harvest festival (o) tsukimi Moon Festival
hina-matsuri Doll's Festival (o) shōgatsu New Year's Day
(2) heya room beddo bed

tsukue desk mōfu blanket
isu chair makura pillow
hondana bookshelf shiitsu bed sheet
denwa telephone kabe wall
eakon air conditioner tenjō ceiling
denki lights yuka floor
sutando reading lamp kāten curtain
terebi television
denki
watashi no heya
tenjō
kāten
sutando
kabe
makura
shiitsu
mōfu
isu
yuka
beddo
hondana
9 ka
(1) shumi hobby shibai drama ; theaters
ongaku music eiga movies
kurashikku classical music ryokō travelling
jazu jazz dokusho reading
enka Japanese popular ryōri cooking
song myūjikaru musical
min'yō Japanese folk
songs
piano piano
gitā guitar
baiorin violin
(2) supōtsu sports jogingu jogging

sakkā soccer tozan mountain
barēbōru volleyball climbing
badominton badminton tsuri fishing
tenisu tennis sukii skiing
pinpon pingpong
suiei swimming
10 ka
iro color ki'iro yellow
aka red chairo brown
ao blue midori'iro green
shiro white murasaki purple
kuro black
11 ka
kisetsu season hare clear sky
haru spring kumori cloudy
natsu summer ame rain
aki autumn yuki snow
fuyu winter kaze wind
atsui hot taifū typhoon
samui cold tsuyu rainy season
atatakai warm kanki dry season
suzushii cool uki wet season
mushiatsui muggy kaminari thunder
niji rainbow
jishin earthquake
12 ka
(1) norimono vehicles shinkansen bullet trains
densha train tokkyū limited express
basu bus kyūkō express
takushii taxi kaisoku semi express
hikōki airplane futsū local
fune ship ; boat kūkō airport
chikatetsu subway
basu-tei bus stop kippu ticket

basu-tāminaru bus terminal teiki commuting pass
eki station iriguchi entrance
kaisatsu-guchi wicket deguchi exit
hōmu platform higashi-guchi east exit
--bansen track number nishi-guchi west exit
--iki (bound) for minami-guchi south exit
kippu-uriba ticket office kita-guchi north exit
hanbaiki vending machine
(2) kōsoku dōro highway tsukiatari dead end

dōro street migi(gawa) right side
michi road hidari(gawa) left side
shadō driveway mukō (gawa) the other side
ōdan hodō pedestrian tetsudō railway
crossing fumikiri railroad
hodō pedestrian walk crossing
hodōkyō pedestrian saka hill ; uphill
bridge yama mountain
shingō traffic lights hashi bridge
kōsaten intersection kawa river

Japanese Nihongo First Step

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Japanese Nihongo First Step

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GIJUTSUKENSHŪ NO TAME NO NIHONGO

JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY TA

JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY

HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF THIS BOOK...................................... X

KATAKANA ................................................................................................ XII

RŌMA-JI ....................................................................................................... XIII

USEFUL DAILY EXPRESSIONS ................................................................ XIV

CLASSROOM EXPRESSIONS ................................................................. XVII

OMO NA TŌJŌ JINBUTSU ...................................................................... XVIII

2 . KORE WA NAN DESU KA. ........................................................................ 11

(1) Kore wa nan desu ka.

3. SAKURA DEPĀTO WA DOKO DESU KA. ................................................ 21

(1) Sakura Depāto wa doko desu ka.

HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF THIS BOOK..................................... X

KATAKANA CHART .................................................................................. XII

ROMA-JI CHART ..................'...................................................................... XIII

USEFUL DAILY EXPRESSIONS ................................................................ XIV

CLASSROOM EXPRESSIONS ................................................................. XVII

MAIN CHARACTERS ................................................................................ XVIII

1 . HOW DO YOU DO? ...................................................................................... 1

(1) How do you do?

2. WHAT IS THIS? ............................................................................................ 11

(1) What is this7

3 . WHERE IS THE SAKURA DEPARTMENT STORE? ............................... 21

(1) Where is the Sakura Department Store?

4 . HANBĀGĀ O KUDASAI. ............................................……………………… 31

5 . ITSU NIHON E KIMASHITA KA. …………………………………………… 41

6. NANI O SHIMASU KA. ……………………………………………………….… 51

7 . YOKOHAMA E IKIMASEN KA. ……………………………………………… 59

8 . BYOIN WA DOKO NI ARIMASU KA. …………………………………….… 67

4 . PLEASE GIVE ME SOME HAMBURGERS. ……………………………. 31

5 . WHEN DID YOU COME TO JAPAN' ....................................................... 41

6. WHAT DO YOU DO? ................................................................................... 51

7 . WON'T YOU GO TO YOKOHAMA WITH ME?.......................................... 59

8 . WHERE IS THE HOSPITAL? ..................................................................... 67

(1) Watashi wa ongaku ga suki desu.

10. DONNA TOKORO DESU KA. ............................................................................ 85

(1) Bandon wa amari atsuku nai desu.

11. KYŌTO WA DŌ DESHITA KA. .......................................................................... 95

(1) Kyōto wa dō deshita ka.

12. OSHIETE KUDASAI. ......................................................................................... 103

(1) Chotto oshiete kudasai.

13. DOKO NI TOMATTE IMASU KA. ...................................................................... 113

(1) Doko ni tomatte imasu ka.

(1) I like music.

10. WHAT KIND OF PLACE IS IT? ................................................................. 85

(1) It's not so hot in Bandung.

11. HOW DID YOU LIKE KYOTO? ............................................................... 95

(1) How did you like Kyoto?

12. PLEASE TELL ME. .................................................................................. 103

(1) Could you tell me, please?

13. WHERE ARE YOU STAYING?.................................................................... 113

(1) Where are you staying?

(1) Jisshū o yasundemo ii desu ka.

15. SHASHIN WA TORANAIDE KUDASAI. ............................................... 129

(1) Shashin wa toranaide kudasai.

1 . PLAIN STYLE SPEECH ................................................................. 141

(1) May I be absent from the practice?

15. PLEASE DO NOT TAKE PICTURES. ..................................................... 129

(1) Please do not take pictures.

1 . PLAIN STYLE SPEECH ................................................................... 141

1. Listen carefully to the teacher's correct pronunciation in class.

Each lesson is made up of the following: