Knowledge Section: Things you know
- Overfishing is subset of overexploitation
- Overfishing is catching fish in a large amount
- Fish are going extinct
- Use a very large net
- Overfishing can disrupt the balance of ocean
Things you learned
Question Section: Things you don’t know
5/13/19
- What are types of overfishing?
- How it affect ecosystem?
- How does it affect nutrient cycle?
5/14/19
- How does it affect nutrient cycle?
- How it affect ecosystem?
5/15/19
- How does it reduce it reduce the population of fish?
- Are they only harvesting only targeted fish or something
else?
- How does it disrupt the food chain?
5/21/19
- Rates of fishing in thailand now and the past?
- Where are Thailand in overfishing compare to the world?
- What are species that are endangered because of
overfishing.
5/13/19
- There are 3 types of overfishing(Growth, Recruitment, Ecosystem)
- Growth - fish are harvested at smaller size than the size that would provide maximum yield
- Recruitment - adult population have been depleted so much that it cannot reproduce to replenish the population
- Ecosystem - the ecosystem is ruined because disappearance of abundance species
5/14/19
- Overfishing can lead to a decline of predator species and that means that it will
increase the population of its prey
- Creating a shift in the ecosystems
- Less predators = more prey
- More population mean more CO2 release

5/15/19
- Reduced harvest of targeted fish
- There are less number of fish worth consuming left behind
- Leads to a decline of productive fish
- results in lesser stocking of fish
- If overfishing is slowed down we can revive the marine life in a few year
- Cutting back will let the fish to reproduce and the fish population will grow back
- Harvested of non targeted species
- Harvest of non-targeted fish or bycatch, will give rise to the capturing of sea animals that unintentionally get caught, but
are not used or required.
- These may include endangered or protected species such as certain marine mammals, or other aquatic species of little or
no commercial or recreational value. If caught, they are eventually discarded either at the sea or shore.
- Ecosystem change
- Every single aquatic plant and animal has a role to play when it comes to balancing the ecology. In order to thrive, marine
creatures require a certain kind of environment and nutrients, for which they may be dependent on other organisms.
- Overfishing wreak havoc and destroy the environment and marine ecology and completely disrupt the food chain
- if the food chain breaks at any level, it will have a domino effect on all living organisms in the chain.

5/21/19
- Thai waters are one of the most overexploited area on Earth since 1966.
- Thai’s maritime resources and biodiversity are in a crisis.
- Fishing vessels catch only 14% of what they would have captured in the 60s.
- Boats need to stay even longer on the ocean and need to move far away from the coast to keep doing profit.
 - 300kg of fishes every hour in 1961 while they catch only 25kg now.
- In 2010, Thailand is the 14th most overfishing country in the world with a 1.9 million tonnes of fishes.
- In 2006 Thailand exported 5267 millions dollar of fish top 3 in the world
- In 2016 Thailand exported 5812 millions dollar of fish top 4 in the world
- Alaska Pollock
- Atlantic Cod or Scrod
- Atlantic Halibut (US and Canadian)
- Atlantic Salmon (wild and farmed)
- Atlantic Sea Scallop
- Bluefin tuna
- Big Eye Tuna
- Chilean Sea Bass (also sold as Patagonia Toothfish)
- Greenland Halibut (also sold as Black halibut, Atlantic turbot or Arrowhead flounder)
- Grouper (imported to the U.S.)
- Hoki (also known as Blue Grenadier)
- Monkfish
- Ocean Quahog
- Orange Roughy
- Red Snapper
- Redfish (also sold as Ocean Perch)
- Sharks
- Skates and Rays
- South Atlantic Albacore Tuna
- Swordfish
- Tropical Shrimp (wild and farmed)
- Yellowfin Tuna
Cause of water pollution
1. Rapid urban development
Big factories flush down waste products in the water, and this is one of the major causes of ocean pollution.
Everyone is guilty of pouring chemicals or detergents in their drains or toilets.

toxic pollution can enter the waterfrom highway runoff.

 2. Improper sewage disposal –
More population = more sewage
sewage contains all types of chemicals such as paper, plastic, and pharmaceutical products that they flush in the
toilet.
when people are sick, they carry viruses with them. the sewage they produce carries those viruses and spread in
the ocean
3. Use of toxic chemicals for plants
used harmful fertilizers to produce more and cope up with the demands of the growing population.
This results in an algal bloom in the water.
When the oxygen level of the water increases, it can also cause the extinction of underwater plants as well as the
fishes.
4. Dumping of chemical by factories
Detergents are one of the chemicals dumped in the ocean. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) ,mercury, cadmium, and
lead are highly toxic substances that are dumped into the ocean.

5. Oil spills
12% of the oil that enters the ocean is due to tanker accidents while 70% of it comes from people pouring down
oil on the land and routine shipping.
tanker oil spills are destructive since it releases large amounts of oil at once
6. Throwing plastic into the ocean
Plastics are one of the most common materials that can easily get washed away by the waves.
plastics are non-biodegradable, and it can affect the survival of marine life for a very long time.

Sources

- Wikipedia
- Ketchell M.(2016) How overfishing and shark-finning could increase the pace of climate change https://theconversation.com/how-
overfishing-and-shark-finning-could-increase-the-pace-of-climate-change-67664
- Jetson K. (2014) Impact of Overfishing On Human Lives http://marinesciencetoday.com/2014/04/09/impact-of-overfishing-on-
human-lives/
- Mok K.(2008) So Much For Fish & Chips: Greenpeace List Of Most Over-fished Species
https://www.treehugger.com/natural-sciences/so-much-for-fish-chips-greenpeace-list-of-most-over-fished-species.html
- WeeBoon(2018) Overfishing in Thailand http://blog.weeboon.com/overfishing-in-thailand/
- The Berkey (n.d.) 9 things that cause pollutions and its solution https://theberkey.com/blogs/water-filter/9-things-that-causes-
water-pollution-and-its-possible-solution