Journal of South American Earth Sciences

Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138
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Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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Zircon U-Pb geochronology of the mesozoic to lower Cenozoic rocks of

the Coastal Cordillera in the Antofagasta region (22 300 -23 000 S):
Insights to the Andean tectono-magmatic evolution
pez a, *, Rodrigo Riquelme a, Fernando Martínez a, Caroline Sanchez b,
Cristopher Lo
Andres Mestre a
a
Departamento de Ciencias Geologicas, Universidad Cato
lica del Norte, Avenida Angamos, 0610 Antofagasta, Chile
b
Laboratoire G
eosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Universite de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, IRD, CNES, Toulouse, France
a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t
Article history: This work reports on new zircon U-Pb ages (U-Pb LA-ICPMS Geochronology) obtained from volcanic,
Received 2 August 2017 intrusive and sedimentary rocks which have been exposed in the Coastal Cordillera of the Antofagasta
Received in revised form region (22 300 -23 000 S). A frequency diagram was performed with all the obtained ages. The diagram
7 November 2017
showed peaks representing emplacement or crystallization, depositional and inherited zircon ages. The
Accepted 7 November 2017
Available online 10 November 2017
zircons showed to be 300 Ma and younger form four major peaks. These peaks are consistent with
previously dated emplacement and depositional ages, as well as, with the ages of the rock units
recognized in this work. The oldest cluster ranges between 250 and 230 Ma and represents the first
Keywords:
Zircon U-Pb ages
volcanic episode in the study area that corresponds to the Middle Triassic Sierra Miranda-Cerro
Coastal Cordillera Camaleo n Rhyolites which yielded a zircon age of 240 ± 1.2 Ma. A second age cluster, between 220
Deposition and emplacement ages and 130 Ma, can be associated with the Lower Jurassic volcanic and plutonic rocks, to Middle-Upper
Antofagasta region Jurassic plutonic rocks and Lower Cretaceous subvolcanic rocks. The Lower volcanic rocks correspond
to La Negra Formation, which yielded ages that range between ca. 196 and 177 Ma. These ages are older
than the Middle-Upper Jurassic ages commonly reported for this formation. The La Negra Formation and
the interbedded marine Rencoret Beds are in stratigraphic continuity with the Middle Triassic Sierra
Miranda-Cerro Camaleo n Rhyolites. The ages that range between 170 and 150 Ma can be associated with
the larger intrusive rock bodies from the Middle-Upper Jurassic Coastal Batholite of Northern Chile and
Southern Perú. Lower Cretaceous ages (ca. 140 Ma) corresponds to subvolcanic rocks related to the
metallogenic belt of the easternmost Coastal Cordillera of the Antofagasta region. A zircon ages gap is
observed in the Lower Cretaceous (between 130 and 100 Ma). This gap indicates that either the study
area did not undergo magmatic and volcanic activity at that time, or that the Peruvian tectonic phase
allowed for the erosion of the geological record of such activity. An Upper Cretaceous cluster occurs at ca.
100-80 Ma and is correlated with the Cerro Empexa, Quebrada Mala, and Hornitos volcanic formations.
The last volcanic activity occurred at about ca. 70-60 Ma. Lower Paleocene (ca. 63 Ma) volcanic unit
indicates that the products of the Paleocene volcanism reached as far west as the Coastal Cordillera at the
latitude of Antofagasta. Even the presence of lava indicates the proximity of effusive volcanoes, which, in
turn, suggests that the Paleocene volcanic arc extended west away from the Domeyko Cordillera. Both
Upper Cretaceous and Lower Paleocene volcanic units are restricted to the west by the Atacama Fault
System.
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
The Andean orogenic belt in northern Chile, between 22 and

23 Sis located over the normal subduction segment of the Central
* Corresponding author.
Andes (Fig. 1a), where the current Pacific oceanic plate is
pez).
E-mail address: cla015@ucn.cl (C. Lo descending with an angle of about 30 below the continental
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2017.11.005
0895-9811/© 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
114 pez et al. / Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138
C. Lo
Fig. 1. (a) Geographic location of the study region along the Central Andes of South America, and (b) location of the study area along the Coastal Cordillera, and distribution of the
main physiographic units established in the normal subduction segment of the Central Andes of northern Chile, between 23 and 25 S, and (c) generalized structural map of the
study area.
pez et al. / Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138
C. Lo 115
margin (Isacks, 1988; Allmendinger et al., 1997; Ramos, 2009; Kay Desert (Dunai et al., 2005; Rech et al., 2006) (Fig. 1b). Along this
et al., 2013). It is composed from west to east by the Coastal region a series of Triassic to Cretaceous volcanic and intrusive rocks
Cordillera, the Central Depression, the Domeyko Cordillera, the are exposed, which form part of the Coastal Cordillera and the
Preandean Depression and the Western Cordillera (Fig. 1b), which Central Depression (Fig. 2) that are displaced and deformed by
form part of the present-day forearc. Its geological history has been major normal and strike-slip faults associated with the Atacama
commonly interpreted as the result of different over-imposed tec- Fault System (Fig. 1c) (Arabasz, 1971; Scheuber and Gonza lez, 1999).
tono-magmatic events, which occurred diachronically during the The geological features (rocks and structures) present in this con-
Mesozoic and Cenozoic times and usually are associated with the tinental segment, record great parts of the magmatic and tectonic
pre-Andean and Andean cycles (Aubouin et al., 1973; Coira et al., events that affected the continental margin which occurred during
1982; Mpodozis and Ramos, 1989; Charrier et al., 2007; Ramos, the pre-Andean and Andean cycles that relate to the final assembly
2010; among others). of the Gondwana megacontinent and its subsequent break-up
The age and distribution of these tectono-magmatic events have (Ramos et al., 1986; Scheuber and Reutter, 1992; Mpodozis and
been frequently derived from the combination of geochronological Ramos, 2008).
and geochemical data of their magmatic-related products, which The oldest rocks in the region are commonly exposed in the
have given rise to important geological events in the evolution of western part of the study area as discrete outcrops composed of
the western Central Andes, such as magmatic-arc migration, crustal Triassic volcanic rocks, which are usually grouped into the Peine
extension and/or thickening, crustal delamination, flat-slab sub- Group (Bahlburg and Breitkreuz, 1991; Corte s, 2000). These rocks are
duction, among others (Coira et al., 1982; Mpodozis and Ramos, generally associated with the paleo-position of an extinct volcanic arc
1989, 2008; Scheuber and Reutter, 1992; Lamb et al., 1997; system that could have been active in northern Chile during the Late
Scheuber and Gonz alez, 1999; Oliveros et al., 2006; Kay et al., 2013; Carboniferous to Middle Triassic (Bahlburg and Breitkreuz, 1991).
Ramos et al., 2014; Bascun ~ an et al., 2015; Oliveros et al., 2015; These volcanic rock outcrops can be seen in the south of the study
Espinoza et al., 2015; Va squez et al., 2015; del Rey et al., 2016; area and are bounded by the Cerro Mocho Fault (Fig. 2). These consist
Coloma et al., 2017) related to variations in subduction conditions. of rhyolitic tuffs, which have been assigned to the Sierra Miranda-
In northern Chile, geochronological studies have usually been Cerro Camaleo n Rhyolites. These deposits are related to the infill of
supported by dating the igneous Mesozoic (mainly Triassic and ancient Mesozoic rift basins linked to the extensional tectonic activity
Jurassic) rocks that mainly lie exposed along the Coastal Cordillera. that took place after the final assembly of Gondwana on the western
To this, some studies have commonly used K-Ar, Ar-Ar and U-Pb edge of South America, and possibly associated with variations on the
geochronological dating methods, which have constrained the age velocity of convergence between the Farallon and South American
of some Mesozoic rocks (Damm et al., 1986; Scheuber and plates (Charrier, 1979; Charrier et al., 2007; Kay et al., 1989; Jaillard
Gonz alez, 1999; Oliveros et al., 2006, 2008; Casquet et al., 2014; et al., 1990; Grocott et al., 1994). Some recent studies of similar
among others). However, other younger magmatic rocks (e.g., Triassic magmatic products in the southern regions (e.g., Chilean
Cenozoic units) have not been fully dated, at least at the 22 and Frontal Cordillera) have indicated that these could be the result of
23 S latitudes along the westernmost part of the forearc, due to rift-associated volcanism at the final stages of an extensional collapse
major efforts being placed on other provinces such as the Chilean of a previous Paleozoic orogen (del Rey et al., 2016).
Precordillera or Domeyko Cordillera because of their economic Triassic rocks are usually unconformably covered by Lower
importance. The age of the Cenozoic rocks along the westernmost Jurassic marine sedimentary rocks (Rencoret Beds; Tobar, 1966) and
part of the forearc have mainly been determined based on the by a thick volcanic succession that form a large, narrow NNE-
regional correlations of similar geological units exposed in the oriented stratigraphic belt that extends from north to south of
northern and southern regions of the study and also by strati- the study area by nearly 60 km2. These consist of dacitic lavas and
graphic relationships. This situation represents a problem in the tuffs, andesitic and basaltic lavas, porphyritic andesite, andesitic
geological knowledge of northern Chile because it constrains the breccias, amygdaloidal basalts and minor intercalations of silici-
ages of the Cenozoic magmatism in this region. clastic rocks, exposed in most of the Coastal Cordillera in northern
In order to provide new data to update and unravel the timing of Chile and southern Perú (Chocolate Group; Jenks, 1948). These
the magmatism of the western Central Andes in northern Chile, we rocks have been included in the La Negra Formation (García, 1967)
present new zircon U-Pb dates from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic and, to the south of the study region, yielded ages between 169 and
geological units present along the eastern flank of the Coastal 182 Ma (U-Pb: Basso, 2004; Corte s et al., 2007), 143 ± 5.0 Ma (K-Ar:
Cordillera and the western flank of the Central Depression between Gonza lez and Niemeyer, 2005), and 159.9 ± 1.0 Ma (Ar/Ar: Oliveros
22 300 -23 000 S (Fig. 2). In this study we used U-Pb geochronology et al., 2008). On this base the La Negra Formation has been assigned
due to its powerful and precise methodology in dating the crys- a Jurassic age. On the other hand, Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous
tallization ages of volcanic and intrusive bodies and therefore intrusive rocks (Fig. 2) correlate with larger intrusive rock-bodies
magmatic events. Also, this method is very useful to decipher the that define the Jurassic Coastal Batholite in northern Chile and
maximum deposition ages of detrital zircons related to sedimen- southern Peru (Herve and Marinovic, 1989; Lucassen and Franz,
tary deposits (Krogh, 1982). In Chile, this method has been applied 1994; Pichowiak, 1994; Scheuber and Gonza lez, 1999; Gonza lez
to date igneous rocks in some provinces of northern Chile (e.g., et al., 2000; Grocott and Taylor, 2002).
Frontal Cordillera, Precordillera; Maksaev et al., 2009; Mpodozis Other Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks are
et al., 2005; Basso and Mpodozis, 2012; Bascun ~ an et al., 2015; also exposed to the east of the study area. These consist of
Gonz alez et al., 2015) and thus, disclosing their distribution and deformed gray, green and reddish fine-grained sandstones with
relationship with Andean cycles (Aubouin et al., 1973; Coira et al., brown-to-yellow shale intercalations belonging to the Llanura
1982; Charrier et al., 2007). In this work we have integrated new Colorada Formation (Mun ~ oz, 1989, Fig. 2). These volcanic and
and previously published ages, in order to document the occur- sedimentary rocks are interpreted as arc-related deposits that mark
rence of major episodes of magmatism in the region. the beginning of the so-called Andean Cycle (Aubouin et al., 1973;
Charrier et al., 2007; Ramos, 2009). They are characterized by the
2. Geological setting development of a N-S oriented magmatic arc related to a negative
roll-back subduction of the Farallon plate beneath the continental
The study area is located in the core of the hyper-arid Atacama margin and the creation of extensional back-arc-related basins (e.g.,
116
C. Lo
Fig. 2. Geological map including location of the samples used in the U-Pb geochronological study.
C. Lo 117
Tarapaca , Lautaro, Lagunillas basins, in northern Chile) (Jensen different Mesozoic and Lower Cenozoic volcanic, intrusive and
et al., 1976; Gro € schke et al., 1988; Mpodozis and Ramos, 1989, sedimentary units (Table 1). The collected samples were sent to the
2008; Prinz et al., 1994; Vicente, 2006; Oliveros et al., 2012; Central Analytical Facility of the University of Stellenbosch (South
Ramos, 2009, 2010; Martínez et al., 2016), were important vol- Africa), where they were firstly, crushed and milled and then the
umes of volcanic and marine and sedimentary deposits have igneous and detrital (one sample; PV290713 JT-04) zircons were
accumulated. separated by conventional procedures using heavy liquids and a
The Upper Cretaceous to early Cenozoic stratigraphic record in magnetic separator.
the study area is represented by continental volcanic and sedi- The zircons (igneous and detrital, Fig. 4) obtained from this
mentary deposits (Fig. 2). A sequence of Upper Cretaceous and procedure were dated by the U-Pb method using a laser ablation
Paleocene andesitic to dacitic lavas and tuffs are well-exposed inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). The
along the hanging wall of the Salar del Carmen-Buey Muerto LA-ICPMS methodology yielded ages with a precision and accuracy
Fault. Here a succession of sedimentary deposits consisting of clast- of 1e2% with a much faster analyses time. Details of the analysis
supported, well-consolidated and well-rounded conglomerates and processing of the U-Pb ages in zircons is described in Gerdes
with intercalations of dacitic and basaltic lavas has been subdivided and Zeh (2006) and Frei and Gerdes (2009). For quality control,
into the Upper Cretaceous Cerro Cortina Beds (Medina et al., 2012), the zircons of reference 91500 (Wiedenbeck et al., 1995), Plesovice
and the Paleocene Esmeralda Beds and the Cerro Empinado Beds (Sl
ama et al., 2008) and M127 (Nasdala et al., 2008; Mattinson,
(Riquelme et al., 2017, Fig. 2). During this period (Upper Cretaceous 2010) were analyzed, the results were consistent with published
to Paleocene), the continental margin was mostly shorted, and the IDTIMS ages. Also, the ages of the rocks were calculated using the
previous extensional back-arc basins were tectonically inverted algorithm of the TuffZirc program, and mean ages were calculated
(Mpodozis et al., 2005; Amilibia et al., 2008; Martínez et al., 2013, using Isoplot/Ex 3.0 program (Ludwig, 2003). The U-Pb ages yielded
2016; 2017). The rocks accumulated during this period have from all the individual zircons were reported on a frequency dia-
mostly been interpreted as synorogenic deposits and/or synoro- gram; this plot considers both inherited and rock age zircons.
genic volcanic products (Scheuber and Gonza lez, 1999; Parada In addition, we performed a frequency diagram with the ages
et al., 2005; Mpodozis et al., 2005; Arriagada et al., 2006; yielded by all zircon grains analyzed in this work with ages younger
Bascun ~ an et al., 2015). In addition, during this period, an east- than 300 Ma. The diagram showed different age-peaks that depend
ward shift of the magmatic arc from the Coastal Cordillera to the on the emplacement or crystallization age of the zircon crystal,
Precordillera occurred (Stern, 1991; Amilibia et al., 2008; depositional age of the enclosing deposit and inherited zircon ages.
Pichowiak, 1994). Finally, the stratigraphic record culminates with The zircons with ages older than 300 Ma are considered as
a series of Miocene-Pliocene gravel deposits, which mostly cover inherited zircons and are discussed in paragraph 5.2. We inter-
the western Central Depression (Fig. 2) and most of the oldest rocks preted the main peaks and their relationship with the magmatic
present in this region. The structural style of the region is charac- episodes-recognized in the geological evolution of northern Chile.
terized by a series of high angle, NNE-striking faults, as illustrated
in Fig. 1c. These faults usually are parallel to the current subduction 4. Results
trace and form part of the Atacama Fault System (Arabasz, 1971;
Scheuber and Gonza lez, 1999), which extends for about 1000 km 4.1. Middle Triassic to Lower Jurassic rocks
between Iquique and La Serena. In the study area, this system
consists of the following faults: Sierra Valenzuela, Salar del Three stratigraphic units with ages that range between the
Carmen-Buey Muerto, del Cordo n, del Trazo and Cerro Mocho faults Triassic and the Lower Jurassic have been recognized in this region.
(Fig. 2). In plan-view, these faults have a strait shape and mostly These units are, from the oldest to youngest: Sierra Miranda-Cerro
affect the Mesozoic intrusive and stratified rocks exposed along the Camaleo n Rhyolites, Rencoret Beds and La Negra Formation (Fig. 3).
Coastal Cordillera. Locally, these are cut and displaced by minor and However, only two of these units have been dated, the Sierra
subsidiary NW-striking strike-slip faults. The faults in this region Miranda-Cerro Camaleon Rhyolites and La Negra Formation. The U-
usually form structural boundaries between stratified and intrusive Pb LA-ICPMS age and analytical data obtained on the dated samples
rocks. On the other hand, in a cross-section, they have been inter- are included in Tables 1 and 2.
preted as west and east-dipping normal faults (Riquelme et al.,
2017). Previous works (Grocott et al., 1994; Taylor et al., 1998), a) The Sierra Miranda-Cerro Camaleon Rhyolites. The sample
based on kinematic indicator analyses have suggested that all these (PV290713 MG-02) of this unit consisted of a dacitic tuff
faults correspond to inherited Jurassic normal faults, which later in collected at the south of the study area, over the hanging wall
Cretaceous times experienced sinistral strike-slip motions (Herve , block of a west-verging reverse fault (Cerro Mocho Fault) that
1987; Scheuber and Andriessen, 1990; Jaillard et al., 1990). How- places Triassic over Jurassic rocks (Fig. 2). A total of 25 igneous
ever, in the study area the faults form segmented scarps associated zircons were obtained from this sample, which displayed a
with recent normal faulting (Corte s et al., 2012; Riquelme et al., single-peak distribution and yielded an age of 240 ± 1.2 Ma
2017). Contractional structures in this region are exclusively (MSWD ¼ 0.54). This allowed the assigning of a Middle Triassic
located to the south of the study area (Fig. 2) and they correspond age to this unit (Fig. 5).
to N-S-striking reverse faults that place the Triassic rocks over the b) La Negra Formation. The 6 samples from this unit were collected
Jurassic successions. along the Sierra Valenzuela, which coincides with the hanging
block of the Salar del Carmen-Buen Muerto Fault (Fig. 2). These
3. Methodology: U-Pb LA-ICPMS geochronology correspond to three dacites (PV190313 MG-04, PV260713 JC-02,
PV260713 JC-03), one basalt (PV290713 JT-03), one andesite
This study was mainly supported by field work consisting of (PV300713 JC-08) and one sandstone (PV290713 JT-04) (Fig. 5).
geological mapping on a 1:100.000 scale along the Coastal Cordil- Between 15 and 19 igneous zircons were obtained from the
lera and Central Depression (Fig. 2) and the U-Pb dating of zircons. dacites, which mostly displayed a single-peak distribution, and
This method in particular (U-Pb geochronology) has allowed us to yielded ages of 196.0 ± 1.0 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.59), 191.8 ± 1.1 Ma
constrain the litostratigraphic record in the study region. During (MASWD ¼ 0.56), 191.0 ± 1.0 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.76). For the
the field work, a total of 27 samples were collected (Fig. 2) from 9 andesite sample, a total of 25 igneous zircons were obtained
Table 1
118
LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb analytical data.
Sample/Grain U [ppm]a Pb [ppm]a Th/Ua Isotope ratios Age [Ma] Conc.

207
Pb/235Ub 2 sd 206
Pb/238Ub 2 sd rhoc 207
Pb/206Pbe 2 sd 207
Pb/235U 2s 206
Pb/238U 2s 207
Pb/206Pb 2s %
n Rhyolites: PV290713-MG02
Sierra Miranda-Cerro Camaleo
MG02-1 768 29 0.13 0.26892 0.00930 0.03816 0.00094 0.71 0.05111 0.00124 242 8 241.4 5.8 246 55 98
MG02-2 1084 40 0.15 0.26271 0.00909 0.03733 0.00092 0.71 0.05104 0.00124 237 8 236.2 5.7 243 55 97
MG02-3 394 15 0.61 0.26873 0.01023 0.03842 0.00094 0.64 0.05073 0.00148 242 9 243.0 5.9 229 66 106
MG02-4 188 7 0.27 0.27059 0.01385 0.03845 0.00096 0.49 0.05104 0.00228 243 12 243.2 6.0 243 101 100
MG02-5 158 6 0.46 0.26555 0.01335 0.03747 0.00094 0.50 0.05140 0.00224 239 12 237.1 5.9 259 99 92
MG02-6 889 35 0.80 0.30592 0.02147 0.03900 0.00096 0.35 0.05689 0.00374 271 19 246.6 5.9 487 143 51
MG02-7 326 12 0.45 0.26549 0.01155 0.03774 0.00094 0.57 0.05102 0.00182 239 10 238.8 5.8 242 81 99
MG02-8 981 37 0.66 0.26807 0.00936 0.03798 0.00094 0.71 0.05119 0.00126 241 8 240.3 5.8 249 56 96
MG02-9 316 12 0.26 0.27041 0.01033 0.03832 0.00094 0.64 0.05118 0.00150 243 9 242.4 5.9 249 67 97
MG02-10 200 8 0.36 0.27290 0.01227 0.03862 0.00096 0.55 0.05125 0.00192 245 11 244.3 6.0 252 85 97
MG02-11 347 13 0.24 0.26724 0.01050 0.03776 0.00094 0.63 0.05133 0.00156 240 9 238.9 5.8 256 69 93
C. Lo
MG02-12 710 27 0.41 0.26671 0.00969 0.03770 0.00092 0.67 0.05131 0.00138 240 9 238.5 5.8 255 61 94
MG02-13 194 8 0.49 0.27210 0.01209 0.03881 0.00098 0.57 0.05085 0.00186 244 11 245.5 6.0 234 84 105

MG02-14 368 14 0.58 0.26390 0.01002 0.03739 0.00092 0.65 0.05119 0.00148 238 9 236.6 5.8 250 66 95
MG02-15 598 23 0.22 0.26522 0.00968 0.03782 0.00094 0.68 0.05086 0.00136 239 9 239.3 5.8 235 61 102
MG02-16 899 34 0.44 0.26909 0.00945 0.03814 0.00094 0.70 0.05117 0.00128 242 8 241.3 5.9 248 57 97
MG02-17 2038 77 0.86 0.26515 0.00943 0.03756 0.00092 0.69 0.05120 0.00132 239 8 237.7 5.8 250 59 95
MG02-18 776 29 0.66 0.26516 0.01007 0.03773 0.00094 0.66 0.05097 0.00146 239 9 238.7 5.8 240 65 100
MG02-19 417 16 0.40 0.26723 0.01067 0.03795 0.00094 0.62 0.05107 0.00160 240 10 240.1 5.9 244 72 98
MG02-20 364 14 0.23 0.26733 0.01109 0.03795 0.00094 0.60 0.05109 0.00170 241 10 240.1 5.9 245 76 98
MG02-21 554 21 0.65 0.26573 0.00976 0.03751 0.00094 0.68 0.05138 0.00138 239 9 237.4 5.8 258 62 92
MG02-22 497 19 0.20 0.28257 0.01182 0.03891 0.00098 0.60 0.05267 0.00176 253 11 246.1 6.0 315 75 78
MG02-23 302 11 0.42 0.26405 0.01219 0.03747 0.00094 0.54 0.05111 0.00198 238 11 237.2 5.8 246 88 97
MG02-24 271 10 0.27 0.26455 0.01070 0.03777 0.00094 0.62 0.05080 0.00162 238 10 239.0 5.9 232 73 103
MG02-25 228 9 0.50 0.26421 0.01457 0.03781 0.00096 0.46 0.05068 0.00248 238 13 239.3 6.0 226 111 106
La Negra Formation: PV260713-JC03
A_082 464 14 0.48 0.21646 0.00950 0.03118 0.00072 0.53 0.05035 0.00188 199 9 197.9 4.5 211 85 94
A_083 361 11 0.74 0.21508 0.01012 0.03052 0.00070 0.49 0.05111 0.00210 198 9 193.8 4.4 246 93 79
A_084 663 21 0.21 0.21753 0.00793 0.03163 0.00072 0.62 0.04988 0.00142 200 7 200.7 4.5 190 65 106
A_085 635 20 0.70 0.21341 0.01292 0.03079 0.00070 0.38 0.05027 0.00282 196 12 195.5 4.4 208 128 94
A_086 1174 36 0.14 0.21345 0.00710 0.03098 0.00070 0.68 0.04997 0.00122 196 7 196.7 4.4 193 56 102
A_089 348 11 0.34 0.21925 0.01283 0.03157 0.00074 0.40 0.05037 0.00270 201 12 200.4 4.6 212 122 94
A_090 321 10 0.26 0.20864 0.00851 0.03024 0.00070 0.57 0.05004 0.00168 192 8 192.1 4.4 197 78 98
A_091 198 6 0.39 0.21307 0.00964 0.03090 0.00074 0.53 0.05001 0.00192 196 9 196.2 4.6 195 88 100
A_093 285 9 0.72 0.21035 0.00949 0.03061 0.00072 0.52 0.04984 0.00192 194 9 194.4 4.5 188 89 104
A_094 236 7 1.70 0.21346 0.01171 0.03041 0.00072 0.43 0.05091 0.00252 196 11 193.1 4.5 237 112 82
A_095 411 13 1.89 0.21030 0.00807 0.03045 0.00070 0.60 0.05009 0.00154 194 7 193.4 4.4 199 70 97
A_096 589 18 0.30 0.21456 0.00781 0.03062 0.00070 0.63 0.05082 0.00144 197 7 194.4 4.4 233 65 84
A_097 504 15 0.25 0.21106 0.00881 0.03072 0.00072 0.56 0.04983 0.00172 194 8 195.1 4.4 187 79 104
A_098 140 4 0.45 0.21142 0.01077 0.03071 0.00074 0.47 0.04993 0.00224 195 10 195.0 4.6 192 103 102
A_099 133 4 0.42 0.21574 0.01138 0.03088 0.00074 0.45 0.05067 0.00238 198 10 196.1 4.7 226 107 87
A_100 170 5 0.47 0.21213 0.01197 0.03066 0.00074 0.43 0.05018 0.00256 195 11 194.7 4.6 204 116 96
A_101 483 15 0.29 0.21132 0.00958 0.03061 0.00072 0.52 0.05007 0.00194 195 9 194.4 4.4 198 88 98
A_102 487 15 0.37 0.21481 0.00875 0.03106 0.00072 0.57 0.05016 0.00168 198 8 197.2 4.5 203 77 97
A_103 453 14 0.14 0.21161 0.00945 0.03067 0.00072 0.53 0.05004 0.00190 195 9 194.7 4.5 197 87 99
La Negra Formation: PV190313-MG04
MG04-1 188 6 0.67 0.21394 0.00995 0.03078 0.00066 0.46 0.05041 0.00208 197 9 195.5 4.1 214 94 91
MG04-2 194 6 0.65 0.20951 0.00818 0.03047 0.00064 0.54 0.04987 0.00164 193 8 193.5 4.0 189 76 103
MG04-4 94 3 0.73 0.20526 0.01279 0.02981 0.00064 0.34 0.04994 0.00292 190 12 189.4 4.1 192 134 98
MG04-5 331 56 0.30 1.69065 0.05019 0.16857 0.00346 0.69 0.07274 0.00156 1005 30 1004.2 19.1 1007 43 100
MG04-6 135 4 0.65 0.20984 0.00848 0.03056 0.00066 0.53 0.04980 0.00170 193 8 194.1 4.1 186 78 105
MG04-7 94 3 0.45 0.21199 0.01727 0.03050 0.00066 0.27 0.05041 0.00396 195 16 193.7 4.1 214 177 91
MG04-8 270 8 0.37 0.20285 0.00719 0.02962 0.00062 0.59 0.04967 0.00142 188 7 188.2 3.9 180 66 105
MG04-9 174 5 0.58 0.20929 0.00796 0.03045 0.00064 0.55 0.04985 0.00158 193 7 193.4 4.0 188 73 103
MG04-10 118 4 0.56 0.20577 0.01001 0.02992 0.00064 0.44 0.04988 0.00218 190 9 190.0 4.0 190 100 100
MG04-11 191 6 0.66 0.20902 0.00934 0.03006 0.00062 0.46 0.05043 0.00200 193 9 190.9 3.9 215 91 89
MG04-12 122 4 0.60 0.20840 0.00865 0.03035 0.00064 0.51 0.04980 0.00178 192 8 192.8 4.0 186 82 104
MG04-13 271 8 0.59 0.20640 0.00726 0.03006 0.00062 0.59 0.04980 0.00142 191 7 190.9 3.9 186 65 103
MG04-14 126 4 0.62 0.20585 0.00844 0.03004 0.00064 0.52 0.04970 0.00174 190 8 190.8 4.0 181 81 105
MG04-15 162 14 0.54 0.72111 0.02320 0.08890 0.00182 0.64 0.05883 0.00146 551 18 549.0 10.8 561 54 98
MG04-17 109 3 0.60 0.20906 0.00957 0.03015 0.00064 0.46 0.05029 0.00204 193 9 191.5 4.0 209 93 92
A_162 258 8 0.68 0.21254 0.01494 0.03047 0.00070 0.33 0.05059 0.00336 196 14 193.5 4.4 222 150 87
A_163 353 11 1.17 0.20459 0.01120 0.02976 0.00068 0.42 0.04986 0.00248 189 10 189.0 4.3 188 114 100
A_164 253 8 1.11 0.22154 0.01709 0.02964 0.00070 0.31 0.05421 0.00398 203 16 188.3 4.3 380 160 50
A_166 386 12 1.05 0.20758 0.00848 0.03008 0.00070 0.57 0.05005 0.00168 192 8 191.1 4.3 197 77 97
A_167 379 11 1.53 0.20536 0.00855 0.02980 0.00068 0.55 0.04998 0.00174 190 8 189.3 4.3 194 80 98
A_168 185 6 0.70 0.20693 0.00774 0.03013 0.00070 0.62 0.04981 0.00146 191 7 191.4 4.4 186 68 103
A_169 312 9 0.83 0.20679 0.01075 0.03002 0.00070 0.45 0.04996 0.00232 191 10 190.7 4.3 193 106 99
A_170 234 7 0.64 0.20644 0.00767 0.03018 0.00070 0.62 0.04961 0.00144 191 7 191.7 4.4 177 67 108
A_171 211 6 0.96 0.20464 0.01341 0.02966 0.00070 0.36 0.05004 0.00306 189 12 188.4 4.4 197 139 96
A_172 154 5 0.84 0.21939 0.01254 0.03043 0.00072 0.41 0.05229 0.00272 201 12 193.2 4.5 298 116 65
C. Lo
A_173 129 4 0.50 0.21269 0.01156 0.03045 0.00072 0.43 0.05066 0.00248 196 11 193.4 4.5 226 112 86

A_176 88 3 1.18 0.25952 0.02975 0.03062 0.00080 0.23 0.06147 0.00686 234 27 194.4 4.9 656 230 30
A_177 244 7 0.35 0.20607 0.01040 0.02979 0.00070 0.47 0.05017 0.00224 190 10 189.2 4.3 203 102 93
A_178 427 13 0.26 0.21858 0.01007 0.03044 0.00070 0.50 0.05208 0.00208 201 9 193.3 4.4 289 90 67
A_179 148 4 0.76 0.20530 0.01058 0.02969 0.00072 0.47 0.05015 0.00228 190 10 188.6 4.5 202 104 93
A_180 168 5 0.94 0.20663 0.01111 0.02999 0.00070 0.43 0.04997 0.00242 191 10 190.5 4.4 194 111 98
A_181 165 5 0.81 0.21852 0.01555 0.03039 0.00072 0.33 0.05215 0.00350 201 14 193.0 4.5 292 149 66
A_182 654 20 0.09 0.20799 0.00685 0.03008 0.00068 0.69 0.05015 0.00120 192 6 191.0 4.3 202 55 95
A_183 44 1 0.68 0.21052 0.02873 0.03024 0.00074 0.18 0.05049 0.00678 194 26 192.1 4.7 217 297 88
La Negra Formation: PV290713-JT04
311 26 0.51 0.67498 0.02163 0.08420 0.00178 0.66 0.05814 0.00140 524 17 521.1 10.6 534 53 98
214 18 0.46 0.68218 0.02401 0.08456 0.00180 0.60 0.05851 0.00164 528 19 523.3 10.7 549 61 95
170 51 0.52 4.47431 0.15525 0.29997 0.00654 0.63 0.10818 0.00292 1726 60 1691.2 32.5 1769 49 96
242 76 0.37 4.66009 0.14320 0.31373 0.00664 0.69 0.10773 0.00240 1760 54 1759.0 32.5 1761 40 100
181 31 0.33 1.71518 0.06256 0.17029 0.00370 0.60 0.07305 0.00214 1014 37 1013.7 20.4 1015 59 100
198 34 0.36 1.69490 0.05299 0.16890 0.00366 0.69 0.07278 0.00164 1007 31 1006.1 20.2 1008 45 100
103 26 0.55 3.11373 0.12549 0.24948 0.00564 0.56 0.09052 0.00302 1436 58 1435.8 29.1 1437 63 100
149 37 0.64 3.13946 0.09759 0.24728 0.00528 0.69 0.09208 0.00208 1442 45 1424.5 27.3 1469 43 97
160 5 0.43 0.20409 0.01681 0.02948 0.00066 0.27 0.05021 0.00398 189 16 187.3 4.1 205 179 91
183 5 0.52 0.20473 0.01106 0.02972 0.00066 0.41 0.04996 0.00246 189 10 188.8 4.1 193 112 98
904 53 0.43 0.43378 0.01359 0.05852 0.00124 0.68 0.05376 0.00124 366 11 366.6 7.5 361 52 102
110 3 0.45 0.20365 0.01021 0.02960 0.00066 0.44 0.04990 0.00224 188 9 188.0 4.2 190 103 99
113 3 0.38 0.20273 0.00991 0.02962 0.00066 0.46 0.04964 0.00216 187 9 188.2 4.2 178 100 105
118 3 0.38 0.19944 0.01561 0.02914 0.00066 0.29 0.04964 0.00372 185 14 185.1 4.1 178 170 104
253 7 0.61 0.20250 0.01673 0.02925 0.00064 0.26 0.05021 0.00400 187 15 185.8 4.0 205 179 91
194 73 0.29 6.73317 0.20523 0.37876 0.00798 0.69 0.12893 0.00284 2077 63 2070.5 37.3 2083 38 99
184 70 0.26 6.78140 0.20747 0.38047 0.00804 0.69 0.12927 0.00286 2083 64 2078.5 37.5 2088 39 100
232 42 0.76 1.91165 0.06166 0.18145 0.00384 0.66 0.07641 0.00186 1085 35 1074.9 20.9 1106 48 97
248 46 0.76 1.92482 0.06032 0.18342 0.00388 0.67 0.07611 0.00176 1090 34 1085.6 21.1 1098 46 99
La Negra Formation: PV290713-JT03
JT03-1 297 9 0.42 0.19943 0.01334 0.02894 0.00056 0.29 0.04998 0.00320 185 12 183.9 3.5 194 146 95
JT03-2 333 10 0.43 0.19610 0.00906 0.02864 0.00056 0.42 0.04966 0.00208 182 8 182.0 3.5 179 96 102
JT03-3 127 64 0.39 12.35721 0.35232 0.50452 0.00970 0.67 0.17764 0.00374 2632 75 2633.2 41.6 2631 35 100
JT03-4 122 55 0.36 10.96808 0.31546 0.44783 0.00872 0.68 0.17763 0.00376 2520 72 2385.6 38.9 2631 35 91
JT03-5 82 16 0.41 2.10235 0.06443 0.19372 0.00378 0.64 0.07871 0.00186 1150 35 1141.5 20.5 1165 47 98
JT03-6 182 18 0.43 0.85326 0.02647 0.10160 0.00196 0.62 0.06091 0.00148 626 19 623.8 11.5 636 52 98
JT03-7 113 11 0.35 0.85870 0.03723 0.10125 0.00198 0.45 0.06151 0.00238 629 27 621.7 11.5 657 82 95
JT03-8 182 18 0.63 0.92533 0.10572 0.09894 0.00206 0.18 0.06783 0.00762 665 76 608.2 12.1 863 225 70
JT03-9 125 13 0.48 0.84638 0.04698 0.10143 0.00200 0.36 0.06052 0.00314 623 35 622.8 11.7 622 110 100
JC08-1 50 1 0.76 0.19427 0.01790 0.02843 0.00070 0.27 0.04956 0.00440 180 17 180.7 4.4 174 201 104
119
(continued on next page)
Table 1 (continued )
120
207 235 b d 206 238 b d c 207 206 e d 207 235 206 238 207 206
Pb/ U 2s Pb/ U 2s rho Pb/ Pb 2s Pb/ U 2s Pb/ U 2s Pb/ Pb 2s %
JC08-2 47 1 0.68 0.19556 0.03017 0.02835 0.00070 0.16 0.05003 0.00762 181 28 180.2 4.4 197 336 92
JC08-3 106 3 0.85 0.19095 0.01550 0.02795 0.00064 0.28 0.04955 0.00386 177 14 177.7 4.0 174 177 102
JC08-4 42 1 0.45 0.19156 0.02506 0.02796 0.00070 0.19 0.04969 0.00638 178 23 177.8 4.4 181 286 98
JC08-5 64 2 0.45 0.19124 0.01954 0.02797 0.00068 0.24 0.04959 0.00492 178 18 177.8 4.2 176 223 101
JC08-6 77 2 0.58 0.19027 0.02437 0.02750 0.00064 0.18 0.05018 0.00632 177 23 174.9 4.1 203 280 86
JC08-7 44 1 0.65 0.19015 0.03589 0.02762 0.00070 0.13 0.04993 0.00934 177 33 175.7 4.4 192 408 92
JC08-8 37 1 0.40 0.19113 0.01990 0.02773 0.00072 0.25 0.04999 0.00504 178 18 176.3 4.5 195 226 91
JC08-9 75 2 0.72 0.18831 0.01489 0.02768 0.00066 0.30 0.04934 0.00372 175 14 176.0 4.1 164 172 107
JC08-10 56 2 0.45 0.18941 0.01275 0.02778 0.00068 0.36 0.04945 0.00310 176 12 176.6 4.2 169 143 104
JC08-11 29 1 0.54 0.19304 0.01923 0.02808 0.00076 0.27 0.04986 0.00478 179 18 178.5 4.7 188 216 95
JC08-12 34 1 0.54 0.19410 0.02506 0.02806 0.00074 0.20 0.05017 0.00634 180 23 178.4 4.6 203 280 88
JC08-13 46 1 0.75 0.18726 0.03178 0.02747 0.00068 0.15 0.04944 0.00830 174 30 174.7 4.3 169 370 103
JC08-14 65 2 0.72 0.19062 0.02309 0.02793 0.00066 0.20 0.04950 0.00588 177 21 177.6 4.2 172 266 103
C. Lo
JC08-15 83 2 0.88 0.19231 0.01082 0.02808 0.00066 0.42 0.04967 0.00254 179 10 178.5 4.1 180 117 99
JC08-16 29 1 0.49 0.19281 0.01809 0.02817 0.00076 0.29 0.04964 0.00446 179 17 179.1 4.8 178 203 101

JC08-17 38 1 0.39 0.18779 0.02414 0.02741 0.00070 0.20 0.04969 0.00626 175 22 174.3 4.4 180 281 97
JC08-18 41 1 0.40 0.19259 0.01722 0.02773 0.00070 0.28 0.05037 0.00432 179 16 176.4 4.4 212 193 83
JC08-19 45 1 0.68 0.19262 0.01857 0.02803 0.00070 0.26 0.04984 0.00464 179 17 178.2 4.4 188 210 95
JC08-20 31 1 0.46 0.19701 0.02313 0.02825 0.00076 0.23 0.05058 0.00578 183 21 179.6 4.7 222 254 81
JC08-21 85 2 0.89 0.18767 0.01183 0.02748 0.00064 0.37 0.04953 0.00290 175 11 174.8 4.0 173 134 101
JC08-22 36 1 0.48 0.19446 0.01984 0.02851 0.00074 0.25 0.04947 0.00488 180 18 181.2 4.6 170 223 106
JC08-23 54 2 0.55 0.19189 0.01930 0.02794 0.00068 0.24 0.04981 0.00486 178 18 177.6 4.3 186 220 95
JC08-24 205 6 0.74 0.19340 0.00813 0.02828 0.00062 0.52 0.04960 0.00178 180 8 179.8 3.9 176 82 102
JC08-25 83 2 0.77 0.19513 0.01477 0.02831 0.00066 0.31 0.04999 0.00360 181 14 179.9 4.2 195 163 92
El Cobre Granodiorite: PV290713-MG05
MG05-1 122 38 0.93 4.72420 0.13569 0.31388 0.00600 0.67 0.10916 0.00234 1772 51 1759.8 29.4 1786 39 99
MG05-2 160 5 0.38 0.20100 0.01375 0.02929 0.00058 0.29 0.04977 0.00326 186 13 186.1 3.7 185 149 101
MG05-3 169 5 0.34 0.19788 0.00752 0.02894 0.00058 0.53 0.04959 0.00160 183 7 183.9 3.6 176 75 105
MG05-4 173 5 0.40 0.20326 0.00947 0.02936 0.00058 0.42 0.05021 0.00212 188 9 186.6 3.6 205 96 91
MG05-5 87 3 0.37 0.20269 0.01305 0.02933 0.00060 0.32 0.05012 0.00306 187 12 186.4 3.8 201 138 93
MG05-6 104 3 0.36 0.20310 0.01208 0.02962 0.00060 0.34 0.04973 0.00278 188 11 188.2 3.7 183 127 103
MG05-7 314 9 0.58 0.20950 0.01612 0.02935 0.00056 0.25 0.05177 0.00386 193 15 186.5 3.6 275 166 68
MG05-8 416 41 0.34 0.82390 0.02405 0.09833 0.00188 0.66 0.06077 0.00134 610 18 604.6 11.0 631 47 96
MG05-9 137 4 0.39 0.19995 0.01207 0.02887 0.00058 0.33 0.05023 0.00286 185 11 183.5 3.6 206 130 89
MG05-10 169 5 0.45 0.19976 0.01490 0.02908 0.00058 0.27 0.04982 0.00358 185 14 184.8 3.6 186 163 99
MG05-11 194 6 0.50 0.19593 0.01000 0.02862 0.00056 0.38 0.04965 0.00234 182 9 181.9 3.5 178 108 102
MG05-12 204 6 0.50 0.19786 0.00743 0.02885 0.00056 0.52 0.04974 0.00160 183 7 183.4 3.5 183 74 100
MG05-13 200 6 0.51 0.19765 0.00907 0.02859 0.00056 0.43 0.05014 0.00208 183 8 181.7 3.5 202 95 90
Quimurcu Intrusive Complex: PV310713-JC10
A_129 137 6 0.46 0.34132 0.01793 0.04669 0.00108 0.44 0.05302 0.00250 298 16 294.2 6.6 330 105 89
A_130 497 13 1.03 0.18570 0.00770 0.02705 0.00062 0.55 0.04979 0.00172 173 7 172.1 3.9 185 80 93
A_131 543 15 1.08 0.18259 0.00642 0.02672 0.00060 0.64 0.04956 0.00134 170 6 170.0 3.8 174 62 98
A_132 321 9 0.87 0.18529 0.00821 0.02717 0.00062 0.51 0.04946 0.00188 173 8 172.8 3.9 170 88 102
A_133 712 20 1.16 0.18745 0.00626 0.02746 0.00062 0.68 0.04951 0.00122 174 6 174.7 3.9 172 57 102
A_134 136 6 0.48 0.33314 0.01264 0.04618 0.00106 0.61 0.05232 0.00158 292 11 291.0 6.6 299 68 97
A_135 255 7 0.84 0.18189 0.01430 0.02678 0.00062 0.29 0.04926 0.00370 170 13 170.3 3.9 160 171 106
A_137 341 9 0.68 0.18707 0.00672 0.02742 0.00062 0.63 0.04948 0.00138 174 6 174.4 3.9 171 65 102
A_138 1255 34 0.36 0.18700 0.00626 0.02735 0.00062 0.68 0.04959 0.00122 174 6 173.9 3.9 176 56 99
A_139 595 16 1.07 0.18538 0.00628 0.02708 0.00062 0.68 0.04965 0.00124 173 6 172.2 3.9 179 57 96
A_142 294 8 0.28 0.18515 0.01217 0.02703 0.00062 0.35 0.04968 0.00306 172 11 171.9 3.9 180 140 95
A_143 393 11 1.16 0.18630 0.00663 0.02705 0.00062 0.64 0.04995 0.00136 173 6 172.1 3.9 193 63 89
A_144 600 17 1.15 0.18827 0.00741 0.02754 0.00062 0.57 0.04958 0.00160 175 7 175.1 3.9 175 75 100
Quimurcu Intrusive Complex: PV270713-JT07
JT07-1 153 4 0.48 0.18416 0.01706 0.02674 0.00062 0.25 0.04995 0.00448 172 16 170.1 3.9 192 202 88
JT07-2 164 4 0.67 0.18072 0.02442 0.02642 0.00068 0.19 0.04961 0.00658 169 23 168.1 4.3 177 295 95
JT07-3 198 5 0.91 0.18609 0.00844 0.02731 0.00062 0.50 0.04942 0.00194 173 8 173.7 3.9 168 90 104
JT07-4 187 5 0.59 0.18443 0.02147 0.02671 0.00060 0.19 0.05008 0.00572 172 20 169.9 3.8 199 255 85
JT07-5 230 6 0.97 0.19784 0.03909 0.02778 0.00062 0.11 0.05165 0.01014 183 36 176.6 3.9 270 420 65
JT07-6 17 1 1.38 3.47731 0.15221 0.05415 0.00146 0.62 0.46574 0.01606 1522 67 339.9 8.9 4136 51 8
JT07-7 371 10 0.32 0.18613 0.01086 0.02720 0.00060 0.38 0.04963 0.00268 173 10 173.0 3.8 178 124 97
JT07-8 172 5 0.67 0.18666 0.02661 0.02667 0.00062 0.16 0.05076 0.00714 174 25 169.6 3.8 230 310 74
JT07-9 295 8 0.58 0.18546 0.01033 0.02707 0.00060 0.40 0.04969 0.00254 173 10 172.2 3.8 180 117 95
JT07-10 236 6 0.88 0.20781 0.02816 0.02701 0.00060 0.16 0.05580 0.00746 192 26 171.8 3.8 444 285 39
JT07-11 219 8 0.60 0.94714 0.03168 0.03423 0.00076 0.66 0.20068 0.00502 677 23 216.9 4.7 2832 41 8
JT07-12 138 4 0.63 0.20668 0.01750 0.02998 0.00068 0.27 0.05000 0.00408 191 16 190.4 4.3 195 184 98
JT07-13 168 5 0.46 0.20713 0.01267 0.02980 0.00068 0.37 0.05041 0.00286 191 12 189.3 4.2 214 129 88
JT07-14 168 5 0.54 0.18845 0.01038 0.02720 0.00062 0.41 0.05025 0.00252 175 10 173.0 3.9 207 114 84
JT07-15 344 8 0.89 0.18778 0.01788 0.02338 0.00054 0.24 0.05825 0.00538 175 17 149.0 3.3 538 197 28
JT07-16 219 6 0.79 0.45638 0.01641 0.02949 0.00066 0.62 0.11224 0.00316 382 14 187.3 4.1 1836 51 10
JT07-17 184 5 0.52 0.18461 0.01116 0.02712 0.00070 0.43 0.04937 0.00270 172 10 172.5 4.4 166 126 104
JT07-18 162 4 0.52 0.18693 0.02236 0.02673 0.00060 0.19 0.05072 0.00596 174 21 170.0 3.8 228 260 75
JT07-19 403 10 0.65 0.18069 0.01442 0.02371 0.00052 0.27 0.05527 0.00424 169 13 151.0 3.3 423 167 36
JT07-20 126 3 0.49 0.19071 0.03008 0.02726 0.00062 0.14 0.05074 0.00792 177 28 173.4 3.9 229 342 76
JT07-21 1537 41 1.24 0.21653 0.01120 0.02696 0.00058 0.42 0.05825 0.00274 199 10 171.5 3.7 538 102 32
C. Lo
JT07-22 185 5 0.55 0.18878 0.01654 0.02761 0.00062 0.26 0.04959 0.00420 176 15 175.6 3.9 176 192 100

JT07-23 278 8 0.63 0.18776 0.01833 0.02745 0.00060 0.22 0.04961 0.00472 175 17 174.6 3.8 177 215 99
JT07-24 173 5 0.52 0.18733 0.00945 0.02731 0.00062 0.45 0.04975 0.00224 174 9 173.7 3.8 183 103 95
JT07-25 610 17 0.63 0.20763 0.02219 0.02754 0.00060 0.20 0.05468 0.00572 192 20 175.2 3.7 399 225 44
A_062 634 17 1.10 0.21635 0.00817 0.02679 0.00060 0.59 0.05857 0.00178 199 8 170.4 3.8 551 66 31
A_063 665 18 1.07 0.18293 0.00713 0.02683 0.00060 0.57 0.04945 0.00158 171 7 170.7 3.8 169 74 101
A_064 1054 28 0.10 0.18361 0.00644 0.02687 0.00060 0.64 0.04956 0.00134 171 6 170.9 3.8 174 63 98
A_065 405 11 1.08 0.19660 0.01103 0.02731 0.00062 0.40 0.05221 0.00268 182 10 173.7 3.9 295 115 59
A_066 400 11 1.22 0.20347 0.01168 0.02743 0.00062 0.39 0.05380 0.00284 188 11 174.5 3.9 362 117 48
A_067 443 12 1.09 0.19526 0.00778 0.02727 0.00062 0.57 0.05193 0.00170 181 7 173.4 3.8 282 74 61
A_068 503 14 0.62 0.18456 0.00645 0.02690 0.00060 0.64 0.04976 0.00134 172 6 171.1 3.8 184 62 93
A_069 578 16 1.37 0.18637 0.00895 0.02683 0.00060 0.47 0.05038 0.00214 174 8 170.7 3.8 213 97 80
A_070 464 12 0.79 0.18261 0.00926 0.02660 0.00060 0.45 0.04979 0.00226 170 9 169.2 3.8 185 104 91
A_071 391 11 0.58 0.18659 0.00861 0.02712 0.00062 0.50 0.04990 0.00200 174 8 172.5 3.8 190 92 91
A_074 428 12 1.05 0.19448 0.00745 0.02711 0.00062 0.60 0.05203 0.00160 180 7 172.4 3.8 287 69 60
A_075 370 10 0.45 0.21166 0.00756 0.02780 0.00062 0.62 0.05522 0.00154 195 7 176.8 3.9 421 61 42
A_076 504 14 1.13 0.18641 0.00755 0.02728 0.00062 0.56 0.04956 0.00166 174 7 173.5 3.9 175 77 99
A_077 301 8 0.84 0.18872 0.01125 0.02759 0.00062 0.38 0.04961 0.00274 176 10 175.5 3.9 177 127 99
A_078 149 5 0.74 0.55251 0.02578 0.03194 0.00074 0.50 0.12546 0.00508 447 21 202.7 4.6 2035 71 10
Quimurcu Intrusive Complex: PV260612-MM05
MM05-1 140 4 0.53 0.17990 0.01542 0.02629 0.00064 0.28 0.04963 0.00408 168 14 167.3 4.0 178 186 94
MM05-3 132 3 0.50 0.17808 0.02703 0.02615 0.00064 0.16 0.04939 0.00740 166 25 166.4 4.0 166 332 100
MM05-4 126 3 0.56 0.18092 0.01741 0.02645 0.00064 0.25 0.04961 0.00462 169 16 168.3 4.1 177 211 95
MM05-6 402 11 0.40 0.18738 0.01021 0.02741 0.00064 0.43 0.04958 0.00244 174 9 174.3 4.0 175 113 99
MM05-7 117 3 0.51 0.18252 0.00927 0.02671 0.00064 0.47 0.04956 0.00222 170 9 169.9 4.1 174 103 97
MM05-8 125 3 0.59 0.17948 0.01454 0.02604 0.00064 0.30 0.04999 0.00386 168 14 165.7 4.0 195 175 85
MM05-9 94 2 0.44 0.18048 0.01793 0.02609 0.00066 0.25 0.05017 0.00482 168 17 166.0 4.2 203 215 82
MM05-10 780 21 0.17 0.18450 0.00649 0.02694 0.00062 0.65 0.04967 0.00132 172 6 171.4 3.9 180 62 95
MM05-11 156 4 0.45 0.18055 0.02204 0.02646 0.00064 0.20 0.04949 0.00592 169 21 168.4 4.0 171 268 98
MM05-12 187 5 0.48 0.18129 0.01340 0.02645 0.00066 0.34 0.04971 0.00346 169 13 168.3 4.2 182 158 93
MM05-13 123 3 0.60 0.19283 0.01812 0.02688 0.00066 0.26 0.05203 0.00472 179 17 171.0 4.1 287 201 60
MM05-16 101 3 0.57 0.18103 0.01337 0.02654 0.00066 0.34 0.04947 0.00344 169 12 168.9 4.1 170 158 99
MM05-17 100 3 0.54 0.18752 0.02070 0.02660 0.00066 0.22 0.05113 0.00550 175 19 169.2 4.1 247 238 69
MM05-18 89 2 0.42 0.18991 0.01825 0.02706 0.00068 0.26 0.05090 0.00472 177 17 172.1 4.2 236 207 73
MM05-19 357 10 0.53 0.19009 0.01425 0.02743 0.00064 0.31 0.05026 0.00358 177 13 174.4 4.0 207 161 84
MM05-20 194 5 0.64 0.18987 0.01896 0.02747 0.00066 0.24 0.05013 0.00486 177 18 174.7 4.1 201 217 87
MM05-21 175 5 0.62 0.18924 0.01811 0.02740 0.00066 0.25 0.05009 0.00464 176 17 174.3 4.2 199 208 88
MM05-22 101 3 0.48 0.18323 0.01917 0.02668 0.00106 0.38 0.04981 0.00482 171 18 169.7 6.6 186 218 91
MM05-23 211 6 0.52 0.18496 0.01571 0.02710 0.00064 0.28 0.04950 0.00404 172 15 172.4 4.1 172 185 101
MM05-25 94 3 0.40 0.19022 0.01598 0.02711 0.00068 0.30 0.05089 0.00408 177 15 172.4 4.3 236 180 73
121
122
207 235 b d 206 238 b d c 207 206 e d 207 235 206 238 207 206

A_140 134 4 0.45 0.17957 0.00961 0.02660 0.00064 0.45 0.04896 0.00234 168 9 169.2 4.1 146 110 116
A_141 165 4 0.44 0.18382 0.01811 0.02683 0.00066 0.25 0.04969 0.00474 171 17 170.7 4.1 181 215 95
A_142 128 3 0.40 0.18247 0.01945 0.02680 0.00066 0.23 0.04938 0.00512 170 18 170.5 4.1 166 233 103
A_143 268 7 0.48 0.17827 0.01051 0.02602 0.00062 0.40 0.04969 0.00268 167 10 165.6 3.9 180 123 92
A_144 129 3 0.46 0.18281 0.01611 0.02671 0.00066 0.28 0.04964 0.00420 170 15 169.9 4.1 178 192 95
A_145 186 5 0.58 0.18399 0.01387 0.02698 0.00064 0.31 0.04946 0.00354 171 13 171.6 4.0 170 163 101
A_146 199 5 0.58 0.18077 0.01513 0.02654 0.00064 0.29 0.04940 0.00396 169 14 168.8 4.0 167 182 101
A_147 112 3 0.40 0.18235 0.01096 0.02688 0.00066 0.41 0.04920 0.00270 170 10 171.0 4.1 157 126 109
A_148 223 6 0.59 0.18261 0.01049 0.02710 0.00064 0.41 0.04887 0.00256 170 10 172.4 4.0 142 121 122
A_149 226 6 0.55 0.18371 0.01497 0.02675 0.00064 0.29 0.04981 0.00388 171 14 170.2 4.0 186 177 91
A_150 203 5 0.61 0.19393 0.02331 0.02611 0.00064 0.20 0.05387 0.00634 180 22 166.2 4.1 365 254 45
A_151 165 4 0.39 0.18600 0.01192 0.02656 0.00066 0.39 0.05079 0.00300 173 11 169.0 4.1 231 134 73
C. Lo
A_152 153 4 0.59 0.20725 0.01912 0.02645 0.00064 0.26 0.05683 0.00506 191 18 168.3 4.0 484 192 35
A_153 179 5 0.46 0.18286 0.01217 0.02694 0.00064 0.36 0.04923 0.00306 171 11 171.3 4.1 159 142 108

A_154 122 3 0.46 0.18680 0.01067 0.02715 0.00066 0.43 0.04990 0.00258 174 10 172.7 4.2 191 118 91
A_157 193 5 0.47 0.18422 0.01460 0.02709 0.00066 0.31 0.04932 0.00372 172 14 172.3 4.1 163 172 106
A_158 147 4 0.51 0.17852 0.01889 0.02603 0.00064 0.23 0.04974 0.00512 167 18 165.7 4.1 183 231 91
A_159 153 4 0.43 0.18623 0.01996 0.02672 0.00064 0.22 0.05055 0.00528 173 19 170.0 4.1 220 233 77
A_160 122 3 0.45 0.19840 0.01688 0.02714 0.00070 0.30 0.05302 0.00430 184 16 172.6 4.4 330 179 52
A_161 336 9 0.19 0.18047 0.01236 0.02675 0.00064 0.35 0.04893 0.00314 168 12 170.2 4.0 145 148 118
Los Dones Gabbros and Diorites: PV140213-JC09
JC09-1 139 3 0.38 0.16550 0.00822 0.02419 0.00050 0.42 0.04962 0.00224 156 8 154.1 3.1 177 104 87
JC09-2 156 4 0.35 0.16248 0.01318 0.02399 0.00048 0.25 0.04912 0.00386 153 12 152.8 3.1 154 179 99
JC09-3 139 6 0.66 0.28142 0.01051 0.03954 0.00080 0.54 0.05162 0.00162 252 9 250.0 4.9 269 71 93
JC09-4 153 6 0.73 0.28593 0.01759 0.03890 0.00078 0.33 0.05331 0.00310 255 16 246.0 4.8 342 129 72
JC09-5 47 4 1.23 0.70637 0.02900 0.08798 0.00178 0.49 0.05823 0.00208 543 22 543.6 10.5 538 78 101
JC09-6 14 1 1.28 0.70497 0.06826 0.08826 0.00196 0.23 0.05793 0.00546 542 52 545.2 11.7 527 201 103
JC09-7 261 10 0.82 0.28097 0.00937 0.03987 0.00078 0.59 0.05111 0.00138 251 8 252.0 4.8 246 61 102
JC09-8 206 8 1.20 0.29284 0.02688 0.03910 0.00080 0.22 0.05432 0.00486 261 24 247.2 4.9 384 194 64
JC09-9 172 7 1.06 0.27705 0.01015 0.03910 0.00078 0.54 0.05139 0.00158 248 9 247.2 4.8 258 70 96
JC09-10 195 36 0.66 1.91277 0.06118 0.18256 0.00358 0.61 0.07599 0.00192 1086 35 1081.0 19.5 1095 50 99
JC09-11 129 5 0.65 0.27573 0.01414 0.03902 0.00078 0.39 0.05125 0.00242 247 13 246.8 4.8 252 107 98
JC09-12 105 4 0.74 0.28346 0.04204 0.03943 0.00080 0.14 0.05214 0.00766 253 38 249.3 5.0 291 318 86
JC09-13 117 22 1.20 1.91901 0.05884 0.18376 0.00356 0.63 0.07574 0.00180 1088 33 1087.5 19.4 1088 47 100
JC09-14 210 5 0.43 0.16456 0.00654 0.02418 0.00048 0.50 0.04936 0.00170 155 6 154.0 3.0 165 80 93
JC09-15 207 5 0.53 0.16395 0.00818 0.02406 0.00048 0.40 0.04942 0.00226 154 8 153.2 3.0 168 105 91
Los Dones Gabbros and Diorites: PV230512-NF04
NF04-1 106 2 0.47 0.14645 0.00846 0.02200 0.00058 0.46 0.04828 0.00248 139 8 140.3 3.7 113 119 124
NF04-2 118 3 0.38 0.15162 0.01389 0.02226 0.00058 0.28 0.04940 0.00434 143 13 141.9 3.7 167 199 85
NF04-3 115 3 0.41 0.15386 0.01146 0.02243 0.00060 0.36 0.04975 0.00346 145 11 143.0 3.7 183 158 78
NF04-4 119 3 0.67 0.14788 0.00874 0.02176 0.00058 0.45 0.04929 0.00260 140 8 138.8 3.6 162 121 86
NF04-5 208 5 1.41 0.14979 0.01112 0.02218 0.00056 0.34 0.04898 0.00342 142 11 141.4 3.6 147 160 96
NF04-6 109 2 0.59 0.14645 0.00965 0.02177 0.00058 0.40 0.04879 0.00294 139 9 138.9 3.6 138 138 101
NF04-7 96 2 0.55 0.14908 0.01733 0.02194 0.00058 0.23 0.04928 0.00558 141 16 139.9 3.7 161 255 87
NF04-8 143 3 0.45 0.15326 0.00781 0.02267 0.00058 0.50 0.04903 0.00216 145 7 144.5 3.7 149 101 97
NF04-9 285 7 0.51 0.15531 0.01002 0.02288 0.00058 0.39 0.04923 0.00292 147 9 145.8 3.6 159 136 92
NF04-10 67 1 0.34 0.15631 0.01921 0.02225 0.00062 0.23 0.05095 0.00610 147 18 141.9 3.9 239 264 59
NF04-11 139 3 0.41 0.14714 0.00840 0.02173 0.00056 0.45 0.04911 0.00250 139 8 138.6 3.6 153 117 91
NF04-12 82 2 0.34 0.14769 0.02174 0.02178 0.00058 0.18 0.04918 0.00712 140 21 138.9 3.7 156 323 89
NF04-13 138 3 0.39 0.14892 0.00993 0.02189 0.00056 0.38 0.04934 0.00304 141 9 139.6 3.6 164 141 85
NF04-14 63 1 0.35 0.15113 0.01473 0.02236 0.00062 0.28 0.04902 0.00458 143 14 142.6 3.9 149 212 96
NF04-15 123 3 0.52 0.15023 0.00989 0.02206 0.00058 0.40 0.04939 0.00298 142 9 140.7 3.6 166 138 85
NF04-16 119 3 0.51 0.15139 0.01485 0.02229 0.00058 0.27 0.04926 0.00466 143 14 142.1 3.7 160 214 89
NF04-17 128 3 0.37 0.15206 0.00943 0.02233 0.00058 0.42 0.04939 0.00278 144 9 142.3 3.7 166 129 86
NF04-18 121 3 0.34 0.14919 0.00831 0.02215 0.00058 0.47 0.04885 0.00240 141 8 141.2 3.6 141 113 100
NF04-19 58 1 0.48 0.15119 0.01843 0.02253 0.00062 0.23 0.04867 0.00578 143 17 143.6 4.0 132 268 109
NF04-20 90 2 0.49 0.14832 0.01453 0.02190 0.00060 0.28 0.04912 0.00462 140 14 139.7 3.7 154 213 91
NF04-21 152 3 0.66 0.14823 0.00843 0.02182 0.00056 0.45 0.04927 0.00250 140 8 139.1 3.5 161 116 87
NF04-22 194 4 0.68 0.14671 0.00704 0.02214 0.00056 0.53 0.04806 0.00196 139 7 141.2 3.6 103 96 138
NF04-23 180 4 0.64 0.15322 0.00749 0.02235 0.00058 0.53 0.04972 0.00206 145 7 142.5 3.6 182 95 78
NF04-24 280 6 0.19 0.15080 0.00892 0.02237 0.00056 0.42 0.04889 0.00262 143 8 142.6 3.5 143 124 100
NF04-25 69 2 0.46 0.14852 0.01079 0.02216 0.00062 0.39 0.04861 0.00326 141 10 141.3 3.9 129 154 109
Los Dones Gabbros and Diorites: PV260512-JC04
04e1 257 6 0.81 0.27959 0.04065 0.02341 0.00068 0.20 0.08662 0.01234 250 36 149.2 4.2 1352 263 11
04e2 347 8 0.97 0.24891 0.01761 0.02286 0.00062 0.38 0.07897 0.00516 226 16 145.7 3.9 1171 126 12
04e3 130 3 0.71 0.35948 0.03780 0.02348 0.00074 0.30 0.11104 0.01114 312 33 149.6 4.6 1817 177 8
04e4 244 6 0.68 0.15658 0.01158 0.02312 0.00060 0.35 0.04912 0.00340 148 11 147.4 3.8 154 159 96
04e5 400 9 0.81 0.15861 0.00820 0.02352 0.00060 0.49 0.04891 0.00220 149 8 149.8 3.8 143 104 105
04e6 560 13 0.68 0.29309 0.02283 0.02259 0.00062 0.35 0.09410 0.00686 261 20 144.0 3.9 1510 134 10
04e7 425 10 0.81 0.15332 0.01127 0.02268 0.00058 0.35 0.04903 0.00338 145 11 144.6 3.7 149 158 97
04e8 295 7 0.57 0.15381 0.01683 0.02279 0.00060 0.24 0.04895 0.00520 145 16 145.3 3.7 145 240 100
04e9 429 10 1.19 0.15924 0.01244 0.02327 0.00060 0.33 0.04963 0.00366 150 12 148.3 3.8 178 168 83
04e10 512 12 1.24 0.15308 0.01566 0.02283 0.00058 0.25 0.04863 0.00482 145 15 145.5 3.7 130 225 112
C. Lo
04e11 449 11 1.21 0.16200 0.01891 0.02357 0.00060 0.22 0.04985 0.00568 152 18 150.2 3.8 188 255 80

04e12 323 7 0.87 0.15938 0.01156 0.02317 0.00060 0.36 0.04989 0.00338 150 11 147.6 3.8 190 154 78
04e13 267 6 0.77 0.15996 0.01356 0.02349 0.00062 0.31 0.04939 0.00398 151 13 149.6 3.9 166 183 90
04e14 278 6 0.76 0.15297 0.01350 0.02267 0.00060 0.30 0.04894 0.00412 145 13 144.5 3.7 145 192 100
04e15 185 4 0.65 0.22082 0.02460 0.02314 0.00070 0.27 0.06921 0.00742 203 23 147.5 4.4 905 214 16
04e16 161 4 0.25 0.15199 0.02088 0.02251 0.00060 0.19 0.04897 0.00660 144 20 143.5 3.8 146 302 98
04e17 51 1 0.15 0.15066 0.02699 0.02225 0.00070 0.18 0.04911 0.00866 142 26 141.9 4.4 153 389 93
04e18 77 2 0.19 0.20034 0.04512 0.02276 0.00076 0.15 0.06384 0.01422 185 42 145.1 4.7 736 439 20
Buey Muerto Subvolcanic Intrusives: PV230512-MM06
MM06-1 227 5 0.67 0.15248 0.02108 0.02189 0.00052 0.17 0.05052 0.00688 144 20 139.6 3.3 219 300 64
MM06-2 80 2 0.28 0.15165 0.01045 0.02235 0.00056 0.36 0.04921 0.00316 143 10 142.5 3.6 158 147 90
MM06-3 247 50 0.30 2.26236 0.07236 0.20257 0.00466 0.72 0.08100 0.00180 1201 38 1189.1 25.0 1221 43 97
MM06-4 177 4 0.42 0.15271 0.00750 0.02265 0.00054 0.49 0.04890 0.00210 144 7 144.4 3.5 143 99 101
MM06-5 295 7 0.48 0.15077 0.00768 0.02232 0.00052 0.46 0.04899 0.00222 143 7 142.3 3.3 147 104 97
MM06-6 155 3 0.72 0.15030 0.01306 0.02217 0.00054 0.28 0.04917 0.00410 142 12 141.4 3.4 156 190 91
MM06-7 195 4 0.51 0.15521 0.00883 0.02275 0.00054 0.42 0.04948 0.00256 146 8 145.0 3.4 171 119 85
MM06-8 209 27 0.23 1.48318 0.07766 0.13042 0.00336 0.49 0.08248 0.00376 924 48 790.3 19.2 1257 88 63
MM06-9 104 2 0.66 0.15334 0.01179 0.02265 0.00058 0.33 0.04910 0.00356 145 11 144.4 3.7 153 166 95
MM06-10 66 1 0.35 0.15318 0.02085 0.02239 0.00060 0.20 0.04962 0.00662 145 20 142.8 3.7 177 297 81
MM06-11 236 5 0.65 0.14961 0.00979 0.02210 0.00054 0.37 0.04910 0.00298 142 9 140.9 3.4 153 139 92
MM06-12 166 4 0.39 0.15027 0.01450 0.02222 0.00054 0.25 0.04905 0.00458 142 14 141.7 3.4 150 212 94
MM06-13 495 11 1.11 0.15310 0.00734 0.02268 0.00052 0.48 0.04896 0.00206 145 7 144.6 3.3 146 97 99
MM06-14 306 7 0.57 0.14967 0.00632 0.02214 0.00052 0.56 0.04903 0.00172 142 6 141.2 3.3 149 81 95
MM06-15 290 7 0.40 0.15200 0.00734 0.02247 0.00052 0.48 0.04906 0.00208 144 7 143.3 3.3 151 98 95
MM06-16 295 8 0.76 0.18430 0.00773 0.02696 0.00062 0.55 0.04958 0.00174 172 7 171.5 3.9 175 81 98
MM06-17 800 21 0.15 0.18241 0.00645 0.02678 0.00062 0.65 0.04940 0.00132 170 6 170.3 3.9 167 62 102
MM06-18 172 4 0.52 0.14986 0.00797 0.02214 0.00054 0.46 0.04909 0.00232 142 8 141.1 3.4 152 109 93
MM06-19 133 3 0.48 0.15313 0.01196 0.02261 0.00056 0.32 0.04912 0.00364 145 11 144.1 3.5 153 169 94
MM06-20 473 10 0.38 0.15011 0.00588 0.02215 0.00052 0.60 0.04915 0.00154 142 6 141.2 3.2 155 72 91
MM06-21 644 14 0.47 0.15028 0.00574 0.02223 0.00052 0.61 0.04903 0.00148 142 5 141.7 3.2 149 70 95
MM06-22 78 2 0.31 0.15038 0.01171 0.02219 0.00056 0.32 0.04915 0.00362 142 11 141.5 3.6 155 168 91
MM06-23 103 2 0.56 0.15459 0.04106 0.02229 0.00056 0.09 0.05030 0.01330 146 39 142.1 3.5 209 560 68
MM06-24 100 2 0.40 0.14819 0.01871 0.02201 0.00056 0.20 0.04883 0.00604 140 18 140.4 3.5 140 278 101
MM06-25 114 3 0.58 0.15026 0.00956 0.02225 0.00054 0.38 0.04898 0.00288 142 9 141.9 3.5 147 135 97
Buey Muerto Subvolcanic Intrusives: PV230512-NF05
NF05-1 66 2 0.37 0.15362 0.01115 0.02265 0.00050 0.30 0.04919 0.00340 145 11 144.4 3.2 157 158 92
NF05-2 131 3 0.53 0.15104 0.00650 0.02248 0.00048 0.50 0.04873 0.00182 143 6 143.3 3.0 135 87 106
NF05-3 90 2 0.50 0.15680 0.00830 0.02236 0.00048 0.41 0.05086 0.00246 148 8 142.6 3.1 234 110 61
NF05-4 82 2 0.45 0.14913 0.01514 0.02197 0.00048 0.22 0.04923 0.00488 141 14 140.1 3.1 159 224 88
NF05-5 53 1 0.42 0.15000 0.02099 0.02196 0.00050 0.16 0.04954 0.00684 142 20 140.0 3.2 174 307 81
NF05-6 133 3 0.55 0.15100 0.01048 0.02230 0.00048 0.31 0.04911 0.00324 143 10 142.2 3.0 153 151 93
123
124
207 235 b d 206 238 b d c 207 206 e d 207 235 206 238 207 206
NF05-7 175 4 0.69 0.15189 0.01050 0.02245 0.00046 0.30 0.04907 0.00324 144 10 143.1 3.0 151 151 95
NF05-8 113 3 0.36 0.15042 0.00754 0.02225 0.00048 0.43 0.04903 0.00222 142 7 141.8 3.0 149 104 95
NF05-9 123 3 0.38 0.15094 0.00685 0.02230 0.00048 0.47 0.04909 0.00196 143 6 142.2 3.0 152 92 94
NF05-10 116 3 0.43 0.15063 0.00679 0.02230 0.00048 0.48 0.04899 0.00194 142 6 142.2 3.0 147 92 97
NF05-11 232 5 0.43 0.14876 0.00573 0.02214 0.00046 0.54 0.04873 0.00158 141 5 141.2 2.9 135 76 105
NF05-12 151 3 0.34 0.14814 0.00735 0.02198 0.00046 0.42 0.04888 0.00220 140 7 140.2 2.9 142 104 99
NF05-13 184 4 0.43 0.15370 0.00651 0.02275 0.00048 0.50 0.04900 0.00180 145 6 145.0 3.0 148 85 98
NF05-14 131 3 0.96 0.15163 0.01950 0.02242 0.00048 0.17 0.04905 0.00622 143 18 142.9 3.0 150 284 95
NF05-15 71 2 0.64 0.14938 0.00807 0.02216 0.00048 0.40 0.04889 0.00242 141 8 141.3 3.1 143 114 99
NF05-16 68 1 0.37 0.14871 0.00978 0.02202 0.00048 0.33 0.04898 0.00304 141 9 140.4 3.1 147 142 96
NF05-17 75 2 0.38 0.14900 0.00974 0.02205 0.00048 0.33 0.04901 0.00302 141 9 140.6 3.0 148 141 95
NF05-18 111 2 0.46 0.14964 0.00792 0.02223 0.00048 0.41 0.04882 0.00236 142 7 141.7 3.0 139 111 102
NF05-19 151 3 0.41 0.14998 0.00830 0.02193 0.00046 0.38 0.04960 0.00254 142 8 139.8 2.9 176 117 79
C. Lo
NF05-20 99 2 0.47 0.15210 0.01274 0.02233 0.00048 0.26 0.04940 0.00400 144 12 142.4 3.0 167 184 85
Buey Muerto Subvolcanic Intrusives: PV230512-NF04

NF04-1 106 2 0.47 0.14645 0.00846 0.02200 0.00058 0.46 0.04828 0.00248 139 8 140.3 3.7 113 119 124
NF04-2 118 3 0.38 0.15162 0.01389 0.02226 0.00058 0.28 0.04940 0.00434 143 13 141.9 3.7 167 199 85
NF04-3 115 3 0.41 0.15386 0.01146 0.02243 0.00060 0.36 0.04975 0.00346 145 11 143.0 3.7 183 158 78
NF04-4 119 3 0.67 0.14788 0.00874 0.02176 0.00058 0.45 0.04929 0.00260 140 8 138.8 3.6 162 121 86
NF04-5 208 5 1.41 0.14979 0.01112 0.02218 0.00056 0.34 0.04898 0.00342 142 11 141.4 3.6 147 160 96
NF04-6 109 2 0.59 0.14645 0.00965 0.02177 0.00058 0.40 0.04879 0.00294 139 9 138.9 3.6 138 138 101
NF04-7 96 2 0.55 0.14908 0.01733 0.02194 0.00058 0.23 0.04928 0.00558 141 16 139.9 3.7 161 255 87
NF04-8 143 3 0.45 0.15326 0.00781 0.02267 0.00058 0.50 0.04903 0.00216 145 7 144.5 3.7 149 101 97
NF04-9 285 7 0.51 0.15531 0.01002 0.02288 0.00058 0.39 0.04923 0.00292 147 9 145.8 3.6 159 136 92
NF04-10 67 1 0.34 0.15631 0.01921 0.02225 0.00062 0.23 0.05095 0.00610 147 18 141.9 3.9 239 264 59
NF04-11 139 3 0.41 0.14714 0.00840 0.02173 0.00056 0.45 0.04911 0.00250 139 8 138.6 3.6 153 117 91
NF04-12 82 2 0.34 0.14769 0.02174 0.02178 0.00058 0.18 0.04918 0.00712 140 21 138.9 3.7 156 323 89
NF04-13 138 3 0.39 0.14892 0.00993 0.02189 0.00056 0.38 0.04934 0.00304 141 9 139.6 3.6 164 141 85
NF04-14 63 1 0.35 0.15113 0.01473 0.02236 0.00062 0.28 0.04902 0.00458 143 14 142.6 3.9 149 212 96
NF04-15 123 3 0.52 0.15023 0.00989 0.02206 0.00058 0.40 0.04939 0.00298 142 9 140.7 3.6 166 138 85
NF04-16 119 3 0.51 0.15139 0.01485 0.02229 0.00058 0.27 0.04926 0.00466 143 14 142.1 3.7 160 214 89
NF04-17 128 3 0.37 0.15206 0.00943 0.02233 0.00058 0.42 0.04939 0.00278 144 9 142.3 3.7 166 129 86
NF04-18 121 3 0.34 0.14919 0.00831 0.02215 0.00058 0.47 0.04885 0.00240 141 8 141.2 3.6 141 113 100
NF04-19 58 1 0.48 0.15119 0.01843 0.02253 0.00062 0.23 0.04867 0.00578 143 17 143.6 4.0 132 268 109
NF04-20 90 2 0.49 0.14832 0.01453 0.02190 0.00060 0.28 0.04912 0.00462 140 14 139.7 3.7 154 213 91
NF04-21 152 3 0.66 0.14823 0.00843 0.02182 0.00056 0.45 0.04927 0.00250 140 8 139.1 3.5 161 116 87
NF04-22 194 4 0.68 0.14671 0.00704 0.02214 0.00056 0.53 0.04806 0.00196 139 7 141.2 3.6 103 96 138
NF04-23 180 4 0.64 0.15322 0.00749 0.02235 0.00058 0.53 0.04972 0.00206 145 7 142.5 3.6 182 95 78
NF04-24 280 6 0.19 0.15080 0.00892 0.02237 0.00056 0.42 0.04889 0.00262 143 8 142.6 3.5 143 124 100
NF04-25 69 2 0.46 0.14852 0.01079 0.02216 0.00062 0.39 0.04861 0.00326 141 10 141.3 3.9 129 154 109
Cerro Cortina Beds: PV270713-JPC06
JPC06-1 123 1.8 0.30 0.09759 0.01557 0.01466 0.00034 0.15 0.04828 0.00762 95 15 93.8 2.2 113 353 83
JPC06-2 137 2.0 0.31 0.09918 0.00885 0.01484 0.00034 0.26 0.04847 0.00418 96 9 94.9 2.2 122 197 78
JPC06-3 199 2.9 0.31 0.09752 0.01216 0.01458 0.00034 0.19 0.04851 0.00594 94 12 93.3 2.1 124 276 75
JPC06-4 142 2.1 0.35 0.09983 0.00600 0.01477 0.00034 0.38 0.04902 0.00272 97 6 94.5 2.2 149 127 64
JPC06-5 110 1.6 0.32 0.09799 0.00611 0.01457 0.00034 0.37 0.04878 0.00282 95 6 93.3 2.2 137 133 68
JPC06-6 98 1.4 0.31 0.09661 0.00643 0.01440 0.00036 0.38 0.04866 0.00300 94 6 92.2 2.2 132 142 70
JPC06-7 117 1.7 0.33 0.09798 0.00868 0.01460 0.00034 0.26 0.04867 0.00416 95 8 93.4 2.2 132 195 71
JPC06-8 108 1.6 0.37 0.09660 0.01522 0.01474 0.00036 0.15 0.04753 0.00740 94 15 94.3 2.2 75 352 125
JPC06-9 99 1.5 0.31 0.09632 0.01299 0.01470 0.00036 0.18 0.04752 0.00630 93 13 94.1 2.3 75 302 126
JPC06-10 205 2.9 0.44 0.09504 0.00539 0.01426 0.00032 0.40 0.04834 0.00252 92 5 91.3 2.1 116 120 79
JPC06-11 24 0.4 0.26 0.10174 0.03848 0.01488 0.00050 0.09 0.04959 0.01868 98 37 95.2 3.2 176 777 54
JPC06-12 79 1.1 0.31 0.09655 0.01444 0.01440 0.00038 0.18 0.04863 0.00716 94 14 92.2 2.4 130 330 71
JPC06-13 132 1.9 0.34 0.09825 0.01007 0.01451 0.00034 0.23 0.04911 0.00490 95 10 92.8 2.2 153 226 61
JPC06-14 84 1.2 0.33 0.09562 0.01132 0.01427 0.00036 0.21 0.04860 0.00562 93 11 91.3 2.3 128 262 71
JPC06-15 69 1.0 0.30 0.09662 0.01610 0.01456 0.00038 0.16 0.04813 0.00792 94 16 93.2 2.4 106 367 88
JPC06-16 108 1.6 0.37 0.09892 0.02047 0.01489 0.00036 0.12 0.04818 0.00990 96 20 95.3 2.3 108 452 88
JPC06-17 129 1.9 0.56 0.09655 0.01428 0.01457 0.00034 0.16 0.04806 0.00702 94 14 93.3 2.2 102 329 91
JPC06-18 119 1.7 0.32 0.09812 0.00920 0.01427 0.00034 0.25 0.04987 0.00452 95 9 91.3 2.2 189 204 48
JPC06-19 126 1.8 0.34 0.09829 0.00985 0.01454 0.00034 0.23 0.04903 0.00478 95 10 93.0 2.2 149 221 62
JPC06-20 120 1.7 0.31 0.09919 0.00983 0.01437 0.00034 0.24 0.05006 0.00482 96 10 92.0 2.2 198 216 46
JPC06-21 155 2.2 0.29 0.09511 0.00899 0.01441 0.00034 0.25 0.04787 0.00438 92 9 92.2 2.1 92 212 100
JPC06-22 133 1.9 0.31 0.09493 0.00934 0.01429 0.00034 0.24 0.04818 0.00460 92 9 91.5 2.1 108 218 85
Cerro Cortina Beds: PV030812-JC02
JC02-1 122 2 0.78 0.09584 0.00628 0.01446 0.00034 0.36 0.04807 0.00294 93 6 92.5 2.1 103 142 90
JC02-2 91 1 0.64 0.09527 0.01018 0.01411 0.00034 0.23 0.04897 0.00510 92 10 90.3 2.1 146 236 62
JC02-3 94 1 0.71 0.09418 0.00717 0.01418 0.00034 0.31 0.04817 0.00348 91 7 90.7 2.1 107 166 84
JC02-4 135 2 0.74 0.09565 0.00599 0.01430 0.00032 0.36 0.04851 0.00284 93 6 91.5 2.1 124 135 74
JC02-5 106 2 0.60 0.09436 0.00746 0.01426 0.00034 0.30 0.04799 0.00362 92 7 91.3 2.1 98 176 93
JC02-6 243 3 1.00 0.09433 0.00533 0.01431 0.00032 0.40 0.04781 0.00248 92 5 91.6 2.0 89 123 103
JC02-7 175 3 0.72 0.09551 0.00513 0.01448 0.00032 0.41 0.04784 0.00234 93 5 92.7 2.1 90 116 103
JC02-8 112 2 0.75 0.09367 0.00743 0.01429 0.00032 0.28 0.04754 0.00362 91 7 91.5 2.1 76 177 121
JC02-9 206 3 1.02 0.09652 0.00574 0.01453 0.00032 0.37 0.04818 0.00266 94 6 93.0 2.0 108 127 86
JC02-10 1003 15 1.03 0.09642 0.00347 0.01453 0.00030 0.57 0.04813 0.00142 93 3 93.0 1.9 106 69 88
C. Lo
JC02-11 251 4 1.08 0.09570 0.00896 0.01449 0.00032 0.24 0.04790 0.00436 93 9 92.7 2.0 93 210 100

JC02-12 68 1 0.54 0.09544 0.01038 0.01406 0.00034 0.22 0.04923 0.00522 93 10 90.0 2.1 159 239 57
JC02-13 363 10 0.82 0.19714 0.00736 0.02871 0.00060 0.56 0.04980 0.00154 183 7 182.5 3.8 186 71 98
JC02-14 70 1 0.63 0.09517 0.00826 0.01441 0.00034 0.27 0.04790 0.00400 92 8 92.2 2.2 93 194 99
JC02-15 162 2 0.74 0.09587 0.00876 0.01447 0.00032 0.24 0.04805 0.00426 93 8 92.6 2.0 102 203 91
JC02-16 64 1 0.49 0.09884 0.02675 0.01455 0.00036 0.09 0.04927 0.01328 96 26 93.1 2.3 161 576 58
JC02-17 128 2 0.84 0.09431 0.00764 0.01431 0.00032 0.28 0.04780 0.00372 92 7 91.6 2.0 88 181 104
JC02-18 91 1 0.85 0.09521 0.02554 0.01407 0.00032 0.08 0.04908 0.01312 92 25 90.1 2.1 152 573 59
JC02-19 752 11 0.95 0.09303 0.00514 0.01410 0.00030 0.39 0.04785 0.00244 90 5 90.2 1.9 91 120 99
JC02-20 98 1 0.67 0.09213 0.00890 0.01393 0.00032 0.24 0.04797 0.00450 89 9 89.2 2.0 97 218 92
Cerro Cortina Beds: PV180113-PM01
A_184 487 6 0.70 0.08677 0.00564 0.01318 0.00032 0.37 0.04775 0.00288 84 5 84.4 2.0 86 141 98
A_185 418 5 0.64 0.08464 0.00431 0.01287 0.00030 0.46 0.04770 0.00216 83 4 82.4 2.0 83 108 99
A_186 176 2 0.36 0.08476 0.00672 0.01286 0.00032 0.31 0.04780 0.00360 83 7 82.4 2.1 89 176 93
A_187 239 3 0.52 0.08507 0.00840 0.01293 0.00032 0.25 0.04772 0.00456 83 8 82.8 2.1 85 221 98
A_188 182 2 0.35 0.08508 0.00685 0.01284 0.00032 0.31 0.04806 0.00368 83 7 82.3 2.0 102 176 81
A_191 225 3 0.39 0.08860 0.00875 0.01309 0.00032 0.25 0.04909 0.00470 86 9 83.8 2.0 152 217 55
A_192 153 2 0.74 0.08889 0.00742 0.01334 0.00034 0.31 0.04833 0.00384 86 7 85.4 2.2 115 182 74
A_193 170 2 0.36 0.08605 0.00713 0.01297 0.00034 0.32 0.04812 0.00378 84 7 83.1 2.2 105 180 79
A_194 309 4 0.56 0.08782 0.00824 0.01298 0.00032 0.26 0.04907 0.00444 85 8 83.1 2.0 151 205 55
A_195 144 2 0.35 0.08785 0.01636 0.01336 0.00034 0.14 0.04769 0.00880 85 16 85.5 2.2 83 412 103
A_196 221 3 0.41 0.08643 0.00578 0.01310 0.00032 0.37 0.04785 0.00298 84 6 83.9 2.1 91 146 92
A_197 494 6 0.66 0.08687 0.00395 0.01314 0.00032 0.54 0.04795 0.00184 85 4 84.1 2.0 96 92 88
A_198 252 3 0.45 0.08659 0.00745 0.01300 0.00032 0.29 0.04831 0.00398 84 7 83.3 2.0 115 189 73
A_199 213 3 0.39 0.08723 0.00585 0.01318 0.00032 0.36 0.04800 0.00300 85 6 84.4 2.1 98 147 86
A_200 157 2 0.37 0.08695 0.00847 0.01310 0.00034 0.27 0.04814 0.00452 85 8 83.9 2.1 106 215 79
A_201 196 3 0.38 0.08703 0.00518 0.01318 0.00032 0.41 0.04789 0.00260 85 5 84.4 2.1 93 128 91
A_202 225 3 0.44 0.08680 0.00639 0.01308 0.00032 0.33 0.04813 0.00334 85 6 83.7 2.1 106 160 79
A_203 394 5 0.44 0.08786 0.00828 0.01339 0.00032 0.25 0.04759 0.00434 86 8 85.7 2.0 78 212 110
A_204 1498 20 0.95 0.08821 0.00328 0.01337 0.00030 0.60 0.04785 0.00142 86 3 85.6 2.0 91 71 94
A_205 151 2 0.37 0.08686 0.01178 0.01301 0.00032 0.18 0.04842 0.00646 85 11 83.3 2.1 120 300 69
Esmeralda Conglomerates (intercalate dacitic tuff): PV220113-PM01
PM01-1 249 2 0.63 0.06452 0.00923 0.00979 0.00024 0.17 0.04780 0.00674 63 9 62.8 1.5 88 320 71
PM01-2 247 3 0.60 0.06612 0.00406 0.01013 0.00024 0.39 0.04734 0.00268 65 4 65.0 1.6 66 133 98
PM01-3 385 4 1.02 0.06494 0.00754 0.00987 0.00024 0.21 0.04772 0.00542 64 7 63.3 1.5 84 261 75
PM01-4 258 3 0.92 0.06438 0.00689 0.00993 0.00024 0.23 0.04702 0.00490 63 7 63.7 1.6 50 240 128
PM01-5 218 2 0.86 0.06506 0.00521 0.00989 0.00024 0.30 0.04771 0.00364 64 5 63.4 1.5 84 178 75
PM01-6 261 3 0.76 0.06651 0.00371 0.01014 0.00024 0.42 0.04757 0.00240 65 4 65.0 1.6 77 119 85
PM01-7 250 3 0.87 0.06657 0.00695 0.01022 0.00026 0.24 0.04724 0.00478 65 7 65.5 1.6 61 234 108
PM01-8 208 2 0.78 0.06528 0.00586 0.01002 0.00026 0.29 0.04725 0.00406 64 6 64.3 1.7 61 200 105
PM01B-1 225 2 1.00 0.06325 0.00222 0.00969 0.00024 0.70 0.04734 0.00118 62 2 62.2 1.5 66 57 95
125
C. Lo
which displayed a single-peak distribution. This sample re-

Conc.
ported a U-Pb age of 177.6 ± 0.9 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.42). For sample

111
100
93
94
%
PV290713 JT-03, the igneous zircons are mainly inherited (8

zircons), but a population of two younger igneous zircons sug-
2s
57
57
55
57
gests an age of 183.0 ± 3.5 Ma, which is similar to the other
Corrected for background and within-runPb/U fractionation and normalised to reference zircon GJ-1 (ID-TIMSvalues/measured value); 207Pb/235U calculated using (207Pb/206Pb)/(238U/206Pb *1/137.88). obtained ages. Finally, for sample PV290713 JT-04, a total of 19
Pb
detrital zircons were obtained from feldspathic sandstone. The

206
younger population of 6 zircons with a mean age of

Pb/
187.65 þ 1.15e2.55 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.23) can be interpreted as the

207
57
64
67
68
maximum depositional age of this sandstone. The ages obtained

in the other grains may be considered as inherited ages.
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.6
2s
U
238
4.2. Upper Cretaceous to Lower Paleocene rocks

Corrected for mass-bias by normalising to GJ-1 reference zircon (~0.6 per atomic mass unit) and common Pb using the model Pb composition of Stacey and Kramers (1975).
Pb/
62.8
63.4
62.5
64.1
206
The Upper Cretaceous rocks in the region are represented by

two volcanic and sedimentary successions defined as the Cerro
2s
Cortina Beds and the Lower Paleocene deposits which correspond

2
2
2
2
to the Esmeralda Beds (Fig. 3). These units unconformably overlie

U
the Jurassic rocks of the La Negra Formation. Contrarily to the

Age [Ma]
235
Pb/
Mesozoic rocks, these successions were not affected by normal

207
63
63
63
64
faulting, as described above in their geological background.

0.00114
0.00116
0.00114
0.00118
a) Cerro Cortina Beds. The samples analyzed in this work were

collected along the westernmost part of the Llano de La Paciencia
d
2s
sector and on the eastern side of the Campamento Esmeralda

(Fig. 2). A total of three samples were collected (PV270713 JPC-
e
Pb
06; PV030812 JC-02; PV180113 PM-01), which corresponds to

206
0.04715
0.04730
0.04737
0.04739
one dacite and two dacitic tuffs, respectively (Fig. 5). An average
Pb/
Rho is the error correlation defined as the quotient of the propagated errors of the 206Pb/238U and the 207/235U ratio.
of approximately 20 igneous zircons is from each sample, they

207
displayed a single-peak distribution and yielded the following

ages: 93.1 ± 0.5 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.70) (PV270713 JPC-06), 91.6 ± 0.5
0.68
0.70
0.68
0.69
c
rho
Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.69) (PV030812 JC-02), 83.9 ± 0.5 Ma

(MSWD ¼ 0.60) (PV180113 PM-01) respectively. These ages have
0.00022
0.00024
0.00022
0.00024
allowed us to assign an Upper Cretaceous age to this unit.

d
2s
b) The Esmeralda Beds. The sample from this unit (PV220113 PM-
01) consists of a dacitic tuff collected south of Cerro Linderos
b
(Fig. 2), at the lower section of the formation. This sample pre-
U
238
U and Pb concentrations and Th/U ratios are calculated relative to GJ-1 reference zircon.
0.00979
0.00989
0.00974
0.01000
sented a single-peak distribution of 13 igneous zircons and

Quadratic addition of within-run errors (2 SD) and daily reproducibility of GJ-1 (2 SD).
Pb/
yielded a 63.6 ± 0.4 Ma age (MSWD ¼ 0.89) (Fig. 5), allowing us

206
to assign this unit to a Lower Paleocene age.

0.00210
0.00223
0.00210
0.00226
d
2s
4.3. Intrusive rocks

Isotope ratios
b
During this work, four intrusive units were recognized (Fig. 3).
U
235
0.06365
0.06450
0.06362
0.06534
These units were named as follows, from old to young: El Cobre

Pb/
Granodiorite, Quimurcu Intrusive Complex, Los Dones Gabbros and

207
Diorites, and the Buey Muerto Subvolcanic Intrusives. The El Cobre

Granodiorite correspond to a set of small bodies of amphibole and
Th/Ua
1.32
1.37
1.03
1.03
biotite granodiorites that intrude to the Rencoret Beds and basal

levels of the La Negra Formation. The granodiorites are of equi-
granular texture and are composed of crystals of tabular plagio-
Pb [ppm]a
clase, orthoclase, quartz, amphibole and biotite. The Quimurcu

Intrusive Complex consists of a group of intrusive bodies of acidic to
3
4
4
2
intermediate compositions. They are granitoids that comprise

monzogranite, granodiorite and sienogranite of equigranular tex-
U [ppm]a
tures. The Intrusive Quimurcu Complex intrudes into the rocks of

316
356
387
154
the La Negra Formation. In addition, they are cut by the Los Dones
Gabbros and Diorites and by the Buey Muerto Subvolcanic In-

trusives. The Los Dones Gabbros and Diorites correspond to a group
Sample/Grain
of intrusive rocks of a smaller extension other than the previous

PM01B-2
PM01B-3
PM01B-4
PM01B-5
described units. These rocks have a distinctive dark gray to greenish

color, which is frequently associated with their basic composition.
a
e
b
c
d
Its predominant lithology consists of gabbros, diorites and

C. Lo 127
Fig. 3. Schematic stratigraphic section of the study area. (a) Interbedding between the La Negra Formation and the Rencoret Beds. (b) Dacitic lavas of the La Negra Formation. (c)
Sandstones of the Llanura Colorada Formation, (dee) Unconformity between sandstones of the Llanura Colorada Formation underlying to volcanic rocks of the Cerro Cortina Beds.
(gef) Esmeralda Conglomerates underlying to Cerro Empinado Beds.
C. Lo
Fig. 4. CL Images showing some of the analyzed intrusive and volcanic zircon grains, and the location of the samples.
C. Lo 129
Table 2
LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb age for all volcanic, intrusive and sedimentary samples from Coastal Cordillera (22 30’ - 23 00’ S).
Sample UTM Lithology Methodology Age (Ma±2s)
N E
n Rhyolites
Sierra Miranda-Cerro Camaleo
PV290713 MG-02 7459457 419322 Dacitic tuff U-Pb zircons 240.1 ± 1.2
La Negra Formation
PV190313 MG-04 7456013 398627 Dacite U-Pb zircons 191.8 ± 1.1
PV260713 JC-02 7465957 401584 Dacite U-Pb zircons 191.0 ± 1.0
PV260713 JC-03 7465957 401584 Dacite U-Pb zircons 196.0 ± 1.0
PV290713 JT-03 7474818 410575 Basalt U-Pb zircons 183.0 ± 3.5
PV300713 JC-08 7479155 410787 Andesite U-Pb zircons 177.6 ± 0.9
PV290713 JT-04 7475209 410550 Sandstone U-Pb detrital zircons 187.0 ± 2.0
El Cobre Granodiorite
PV290713 MG-05 7459457 419322 Granodiorite U-Pb zircons 184.7 ± 1.1
Quimurcu Intrusive Complex
PV260612 MM-05 7490656 412873 Sienogranite U-Pb zircons 170.3 ± 0.9
PV270713 JC-01 7466549 400077 Monzogranite U-Pb zircons 172.0 ± 1.2
PV270713 JC-09 7476063 401633 Sienogranite U-Pb zircons 170.0 ± 1.0
PV270713 JT-07 7478267 399561 Sienogranite U-Pb zircons 172.5 ± 1.0
PV310713 JC-10 7471570 405620 Monzogranite U-Pb zircons 172.7 ± 1.2
Los Dones Gabbros and Diorites
PV260512 JC-04 7498836 400591 Diorite U-Pb zircons 147.0 ± 1.0
PV270512 NF-04 7509933 399697 Diorite U-Pb zircons 147.4 ± 0.9
PV140213 JC-09 7480183 422612 Gabbro U-Pb zircons 153.5 ± 1.5
Buey Muerto Subvolcanic Intrusives
PV230512 MM-06 7505203 403685 Dacitic porphyry U-Pb zircons 142.3 ± 0.8
PV230512 NF-05 7507535 402394 Dacitic porphyry U-Pb zircons 141.9 ± 0.7
PV230512 NF-04 7507983 402496 Dacitic porphyry U-Pb zircons 141.3 ± 0.7
Cerro Cortina Beds
PV270713 JPC-06 7462798 416840 Dacite U-Pb zircons 93.1 ± 0.5
PV030812 JC-02 7512780 418690 Dacitic tuff U-Pb zircons 91.6 ± 0.5
PV180113 PM-01 7491354 431807 Dacitic tuff U-Pb zircons 83.9 ± 0.5
Cerro Empinado Beds
PV220113 PM-01 7450040 439306 Dacitic tuff U-Pb zircons 63.6 ± 0.4
monzogabros with some variations to monzodiorites. These rocks boundary. All the zircon ages from this unit presented a
intrude into the La Negra Formation and are covered by the Upper single-peak distribution.
Cretaceous deposits of the Cerro Cortinas Beds. Finally, the Buey d) Buey Muerto Subvolcanic Intrusives. We analyzed three sam-
Muerto Subvolcanic Intrusives consist of hypabyssal intrusive ples for this subvolcanic unit. Sample PV230512 NF-04 yiel-
bodies composed of biotite and dacitic porphyry, biotite-horblende ded a crystallization age of 141.3 ± 0.7 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0,59) by
porphyry and microtonalites. Similarly, to the Los Dones Gabbros means of 25 analyzed zircons; sample PV230512 NF-05
and Diorites unit, these sub volcanic bodies also intrude into the La yielded an age of 141.9 ± 0.7 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0,53) by means
Negra Formation and the Quimurcu Intrusives Complex. of 20 analyzed zircons, and, finally, sample PV230512 MM-06
All of them form part of a narrow NNE-oriented belt of kilo- yielded a crystallization age of 142.3 ± 0.8 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0,4)
metric and smaller bodies that crop out mainly along the Coastal by means of 25 analyzed zircons, in which only 4 grains may
Cordillera (Fig. 2). The U-Pb ages shown in this work are the first be considered as inherited crystallization ages.
ages for these units (Fig. 6).
a) El Cobre Granodiorite. We collected one sample from this

intrusive unit. The sample (PV290713 MG-05) yielded a
crystallization age of 184.7 ± 1.1 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.72) by
means of 11 analyzed zircons. However, in this sample, there 5. Discussion
are two grains with older ages, which may be considered as
inherited crystallization ages. This unit was assigned to the The magmatic history of the western Central Andes is closely
Lower Jurassic. related to the paleo-position of different magmatic arcs along
b) Quimurcu Intrusive Complex. A total of five samples were geological time (Coira et al., 1982; Mpodozis and Ramos, 1989,
dated for this unit (PV270713 JC-09, PV260612 MM-05, 2008; Scheuber and Reutter, 1992; Lamb et al., 1997; Scheuber
and Gonza lez, 1999; Oliveros et al., 2006; Kay et al., 2013; Ramos
PV270713 JC-01, PV270713 JT-07, PV310713 JC-10), which
et al., 2014; Bascun ~ an et al., 2015; del Rey et al., 2016; Coloma
presented a single-peak with crystallization ages between
170.0 ± 1.0 and 172.7 ± 1.2 Ma (see Table 1 for details). The et al., 2017; among others). In northern Chile, the Mesozoic and
data allowed us to assign this unit to a Middle Jurassic age. Cenozoic periods were characterized by the establishment of a
c) Los Dones Gabbros and Diorites. A total of three samples series of magmatic-arc systems, which allowed the accumulation
(PV260512 JC-04, PV270512 NF-04, PV140213 JC-09) were and emplacement of important volumes of volcanic and igneous
analyzed, which yielded crystallization ages of 147.4 ± 0.9 Ma rocks. Our new results indicate that the age of these rocks mostly
(MSWD ¼ 0.94), 141.3 ± 0.7 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.59) and ranges from the Middle Triassic to Lower Paleocene, encompassing
153.5 ± 1.5 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.11). This data allowed us to place a wider time span. The ages reported here mainly consist of crys-
these rocks at the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous tallization ages of zircons and therefore are interpreted as the ab-
solute age of the geological units.
C. Lo
Fig. 5. Wetherill Concordia diagram of LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb isotope data for volcanic rocks. Also, it shows a probability plots and maximum depositional ages (inset) of the detrital
zircon population (PV290713 JT-04) and Tera-Wasserburg Concordia diagram (PV299713JT-04) from samples taken from the La Negra Formation.
C. Lo 131
Fig. 6. Wetherill Concordia diagram of LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb isotope data for intrusive rocks.
C. Lo
Fig. 7. Wetherill Concordia diagrams for inherited zircon.
5.1. U-Pb age constrain and tectonic evolution Camaleo n localities, Basso, 2004) and the Domeyko Cordillera
(Peine and Cas formations, El Bordo Beds; Breitkreuz and van
The frequency diagram of Fig. 8a presents four main peaks Schmus, 1996; Basso and Mpodozis, 2012). Other more recent
which are consistent with the deposition ages of the volcanic rocks studies carried out to the south of the study area (Cifuncho area;
recognized in this work. Two peaks stand out by their higher zircon Contreras et al., 2013), have argued that Triassic volcanism could
content in the Lower Jurassic and the Upper Cretaceous. The other have been extended to 210 Ma. Regional studies have proposed that
two peaks have a lower proportion of zircons and correspond to the the Triassic volcanism resulted from crustal anathexis (Llambías
Middle Triassic and the early Paleocene. An extensive time interval and Sato, 1990, 1995; Llambías et al., 1993, 2003). However,
(ca. 70 m.y.) without a record of zircons is reported between the recently published models based on geochronological, petrologic
Lower Jurassic and the early Upper Cretaceous. The intrusive zircon and geochemical data, propose that at least the Triassic rocks in
ages range between later Upper Triassic to the Upper Cretaceous northern Chile appear to be mostly related to a subduction setting
without interruptions. (del Rey et al., 2016; Coloma et al., 2017).
The oldest zircons cluster obtained in this work ranges between A second main cluster with ages that range continuously be-
250 and 230 Ma. This cluster could indicate that a volcanic episode tween 220 and 130 Ma can be observed on the frequency diagram
that took place during the Middle Triassic is responsible for the of Fig. 8a. This peak corresponds to volcanic zircons with ages that
accumulation of the Sierra Miranda-Cerro Camaleo n Rhyolites. This range between 196 and 177 Ma, and to emplacement ages ranging
time span correlates with other previous U-Pb ages reported in between 220 and 130 Ma.
neighboring regions in the Coastal Cordillera (Sierra Miranda-Cerro Our U-Pb ages of the La Negra Formation indicate that Jurassic
C. Lo 133
Fig. 8. U-Pb zircon ages distribution diagram representing the main tectonic and magmatic events in the Andean margin in northern Chile. In (a) zircon ages younger 300 Ma. In (b)
zircon ages older 300 Ma.
volcanism in the region of Antofagasta could be as old as Lower indicated that the volcanic successions of the La Negra Formation
Jurassic (196-177 Ma). Similarly, other work done on the volcanic were deposited during a wide time-span, commonly associated
rocks of this formation which are exposed south of the study area with a magmatic arc-related setting, active during the entire
(Cornejo et al., 2006; Cortes et al., 2007) have reported ages be- Jurassic period (Naranjo, 1978; Mun ~ oz et al., 1988; Godoy and Lara,
tween ca. 190-180 Ma. However, this period of volcanism can be 1998; Gonza lez and Niemeyer, 2005). On the other hand, the
continued until the Upper Jurassic, considering other previous re- stratigraphic continuity between the La Negra Formation and the
sults published about this unit (Basso, 2004; Oliveros et al., 2006, underlying Rencoret Beds and the Sierra Miranda-Cerro Camaleo n
2008; Cornejo et al., 2006; Corte s et al., 2007; Contreras et al., Rhyolites suggest that the Lower Jurassic volcanic activity could
2013; Escribano et al., 2013 among others), using Ar-Ar, K-Ar, U- have continued uninterruptedly from the Triassic to the Jurassic.
Pb methods and fossilized material have reported younger ages The last volcanic activity suggests that the subduction responsible
between approximately 164-150 Ma. Nevertheless, younger K-Ar for the magmatic arc setting of the La Negra Formation was already
and Ar-Ar ages suggest that this formation could reflect the reset- active from the Mid-Triassic. Although we do not have geochemical
ting of ages, as a result of hydrothermal alteration caused by the data, we propose that the Triassic and Jurassic volcanism in the
emplacement of the Middle-Upper Jurassic batholiths (Gonz alez region could have been continuous; however, it is only an hy-
and Niemeyer, 2005; Trista -Aguilera et al., 2006; Oliveros et al., pothesis. In such a case, the La Negra Formation in the study area
2008). does not represent the beginning of the subduction system which
This fact confirms some previous interpretations, which was developed during the Andean cycle as proposed by some
C. Lo
Fig. 9. Middle Triassic-Lower Paleocene tectono-magmatic model proposed for the Antofagasta region in northern Chile. (a) Middle-Upper Triassic extensional collapse of the Pre-
Andean orogen. (b) Development of an arc-volcanic and back-arc extensional setting. (c) Regional compression of the continental margin, tectonic inversion of the previous back-arc
extensional basins and eastward migration of the magmatism along the northern Chile.
authors (Aubouin et al., 1973; Coira et al., 1982; Charrier et al., Coloma et al. (2017) and possibly never underwent an interruption
2007). As recently suggested, the Andean subduction process (Fig. 9a).
seems to have originated before, that is, during the Triassic ac- The 220-130 Ma emplacement zircon ages peak includes the El
lez-Maurel et al. (2016), and
cording to del Rey et al. (2016), Gonza Cobre Granodiorite, a small pluton (ca. 1.3 km2) that corresponds to
C. Lo 135
the only intrusive unit emplaced simultaneously to the La Negra from the continental mantle with magmas which were originated
Formation in the study area. The youngest ages of this peak can be in the oceanic mantle (Cornejo and Matthews, 2001; Cornejo et al.,
associated with two different intrusive episodes: the Upper-Middle 2003; Somoza et al., 2012). In the region of Antofagasta, the most
Jurassic (ca. 170-150 Ma) plutonic units represented by the Qui- representative Paleocene sequence corresponds to the continental
murcu Intrusive Complex and the Los Dones Gabbros and Diorites, volcano-sedimentary deposits of the Cinchado Formation
and the Lower Cretaceous (ca. 142 Ma) Buey Muerto subvolcanic (Montan ~ o, 1976). Basso (2004) reported an age of ca. 58 Ma (K-Ar
complex. The 170-150 Ma U-Pb plutonic rocks are mainly restricted whole rock) from a basaltic andesite bed that outcrops immediately
to the footwall of the Salar del Carmen-Buey Muerto Fault. On the to the south of the study area. The Paleocene rocks of the study area
other hand, field observations indicate that the ca. 140 Ma U-Pb include basaltic and dacitic lavas that can be correlated to the
subvolcanic units are related to copper mineralization. Thus, they bimodal volcanism previously mentioned. The ages reported by
can be associated with the Lower Cretaceous porphyry copper de- Basso (2004) and those reported in this work show that the
posits that form the metallogenic belt of the easternmost Coastal products of Paleocene volcanism reached as far west as the Coastal
Cordillera of the Antofagasta region (Boric et al., 1990; Camus, Cordillera at the latitude of Antofagasta. Even the presence of lavas
2003; Sillitoe and Perello , 2005; Maksaev et al., 2006). The Lower indicates the proximity of effusive volcanoes, which in turn sug-
Cretaceous subvolcanic rocks are associated with a NNW-SSE gests that the Paleocene volcanic arc extended to the west far away
subsidiary fault of the Atacama Fault System. The different struc- from the Domeyko Cordillera.
tural control between the Middle-Upper Jurassic plutons and the The Upper Cretaceous-Lower Paleocene volcanic rocks repre-
Lower Cretaceous subvolcanic rocks can be interpreted as the result sent the westernmost outcrops of this period at the latitude of the
of the different tectonic regimes in the emplacement of these rocks. study area. However, these outcrops are restricted to the eastern
Whereas the batholithic units were emplaced through the Atacama side of the Atacama Fault System, suggesting that the Paleocene
Fault System in extensional conditions (Grocott et al., 1994; Grocott deposition was probably controlled by this fault system (Fig. 9c).
and Taylor, 2002), the subvolcanic rocks were emplaced under a
trans-tensional regime (Pichowiak, 1994; Scheuber and Gonza lez, 5.2. Inherited zircons: record of a pre-Andean basement
1999) (Fig. 9b).
The frequency diagram in Fig. 8a shows a time span without Our results display a total of 82 igneous zircon crystals with ages
zircon ages, in the Lower Cretaceous, between 130 and 100 Ma. This older than 300 Ma. These zircons have been considered as inherited
time span can be related to the eastward migration of the Mesozoic zircons and cannot be related to volcanic or intrusive rock units
volcanic arc (Mpodozis et al., 2005; Cobbold et al., 2007; Amilibia exposed in or close to the study area (Fig. 7). The inherited zircon
et al., 2008; Ramos, 2010). This migration of the volcanic arc has ages are in the frequency diagram in Fig. 8b. This diagram shows
been, in turn, related to the onset of the Peruvian tectonic phase at two important peaks: (1) the first is between ca. 1100-1000 Ma
ca. 100-90 Ma (Steinmann, 1929; Mpodozis and Ramos, 1990; (Mesoproterozoic); and (2) the second is between ca. 700-500 Ma
Ladino et al., 1999; Mpodozis et al., 2005; Bascun ~ an et al., 2015). (Neoproterozoic). Previous works (McDonough et al., 1993;
In the study area, this tectonic phase is probably represented by the Weidmann, 1993; Dalziel, 1994, 1997; Campos-Neto and Figueir-
unconformity that separates the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous edo, 1995; Kay et al., 1996; Wasteneys et al., 1995; Pedrosa-Soares
Llanura Colorada Formation from the overlaying Upper Cretaceous et al., 1999; Wo €rner et al., 2000; Loewy et al., 2004; Thomas
(93-83 Ma) Cerro Cortina Beds. The 130-100 gap (Fig. 8a) in the et al., 2004; Vujovich et al., 2004; Cawood, 2005; Chew et al., 2008;
zircon ages suggests that either this part of the Coastal Cordillera Casquet et al., 2008; Cordani et al., 2010; Ramos, 2010; Rapela et al.,
and Central Depression did not undergo magmatic and volcanic
2010; Alvarez et al., 2011; Morande et al., 2012; among others) have
activity at that time, or that the Peruvian tectonic phase caused the interpreted similar clusters of detrital and/or igneous zircons
erosion of the geological record related to such activity. A similar possibly derived from igneous rocks associated with an ancient
scenario has been interpreted to the south in the Copiapo region, Grenvillian Orogen for Mesoproterozoic zircons, and also, associ-
where the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Hornitos Formation ated with the collision of the Amazonia and San Francisco cratons
marks the onset of the contractional deformation of the continental and the West Gondwana assembly, known as Brasiliano-Pan Afri-
margin and the eastward migration of the former Mesozoic vol- can Orogeny for Neoproterozoic zircons. We can only speculate that
canic arc of the Coastal Cordillera (Maksaev et al., 2009; Pen ~ a et al., these Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic zircons came from the
2013; Martínez et al., 2013). The eastward migration of the volcanic deep crust, which possibly contaminated the ascending magmas.
arc results from the changes of an extensional to a compressive
tectonic regime creating a strong coupling between the oceanic and 6. Conclusions
the continental plate (Mpodozis et al., 2005; Cobbold et al., 2007;
Amilibia et al., 2008; Ramos, 2010). The 93-83 Ma (U-Pb) zircon Based on the new chronological data obtained from this work,
age peak would indicate that the products of the Upper Cretaceous we conclude the follow:
volcanic arc reached as far west as the study area (Fig. 9c).
The last volcanic activity occurred at about ca. 63 Ma (Cerro 1. The zircons analyzed indicate that the segment of the Coastal
Empinado Beds), after a gap of ca. 10 m.y. in the distribution of the Cordillera in northern Chile, between 22 -22 -300 experienced
zircon ages (Fig. 8a). Volcanic deposits with similar Paleocene ages different magmatic episodes between the Middle Triassic to the
are recognized across the entire Domeyko Cordillera, between 22 Lower Paleocene.
and 28 Lat. S. These Paleocene sequences indicate intensive vol- 2. The oldest Mesozoic magmatic activity appears to have occurred
canic activity, after the K-T event, a short tectonic episode of during the Middle Triassic (240 Ma), and it is mainly recorded by
intensive shortening in the Domeyko Cordillera and the Central the Sierra Miranda-Cerro Camaleo n Rhyolites.
Depression (Cornejo and Mpodozis, 1997; Cornejo et al., 2003). The 3. The Jurassic volcanism of the La Negra Formation could be as old
Paleocene volcanic sequences represent bimodal volcanism as 196-177 Ma. However, the magmatism responsible for this
composed of dacitic lavas and acidic pyroclastic rocks with frequent volcanism could have extended until the Lower Cretaceous.
basalt intercalations. This bimodal volcanism has been associated 4. Considering the stratigraphic continuity between the Triassic
with the subduction of an active oceanic ridge (asthenosphere Sierra Miranda-Cerro Camaleo n Rhyolites and the Jurassic La
window), which allowed the contamination of magmas derived Negra Formation one could speculate that both geological units
C. Lo
are related to a continuous magmatic process associated with a the pacific and iapetus margins of Gondwana during the Neoproterozoic and
paleozoic. Earth-Science Rev. 69, 249e279.
magmatic-related arc system. However, more studies are
Charrier, R., 1979. El Tri asico en Chile y regiones adyacentes de Argentina: una
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5. The zircon ages gap observed in the Lower Cretaceous (ca. 130- nicaciones 26, 1e37.
100 Ma) coincide with the start of the Peruvian tectonic phase Charrier, R., Pinto, L., Rodríguez, M.P., 2007. Tectonostratigraphic evolution of the
andean orogen in Chile. In: Moreno, T., Gibbons, W. (Eds.), The Geology of Chile,
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6. This gap indicates that either the study area did not undergo Chew, D., Magnab, T., Kirkland, C., Miskovic, C., Cardona, A., Spikings, R.,
magmatic and volcanic activity at that time, or the Peruvian Schaltegger, U., 2008. Detrital zircon fingerprint of the Proto-Andes: evidence
for a Neoproterozoic active margin? Precambrian Res. 167, 186e200.
tectonic phase allowed the erosion of the geological record of Cobbold, P.R., Rosello, E.A., Roperch, P., Arriagada, C., Go mez, L.A., Lima, C., 2007.
such activity. Distribution and timing of andean deformation across South America. In:
7. The last volcanic activity in the region occurred at about ca. 63 Ries, A., Graham, R.H., Butler, R.W. (Eds.), Global Tectonic Processes: the Legacy
of Mike Coward. Geological Society Special Publications, London.
Ma. The Lower Paleocene ages indicate that the products of the Coloma, F., Valin, X., Oliveros, V., Va squez, P., Creixell, C., Salazar, E., Ducea, M., 2017.
Paleocene volcanism reached as west as the Coastal Cordillera at Geochemistry of Permian to Triassic igneous rocks from northern Chile (28 -
the Antofagasta latitude. 30 15’S): implications on the dynamics of the proto-Andean margin. Andean
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Acknowledgments lution of the Andes of northern Argentina and Chile. Earth Sci. Rev. (18),
303e332. Special Issue.
Contreras, J.P., Espinoza, M., De la Cruz, R., Jorquera, R., Kraus, S., Ramírez, C., Nar-
This work was supported by a grant from the National Fund for anjo, J.A., Escribano, J., Martínez, P. 2013. Carta Cifuncho, Regiones de Antofa-
Scientific and Technological Development (FONDECYT grant no. gasta y Atacama. Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería, Carta Geolo gica de
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Cordani, U.G., Fraga, L.M., Reis, N., Tassinari, C., Brito-Neves, B., 2010. On the origin
thank Reynaldo Charrier, Veronica Oliveros and an anonymous
and tectonic significance of the intra-plate events of Grenvillian-type age in
reviewer for their constructive comments and reviews. We also south America: a discussion. J. S. Am. Earth Sci. 29, 143e159.

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Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138

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Journal of South American Earth Sciences

Zircon U-Pb geochronology of the mesozoic to lower Cenozoic rocks of

The Andean orogenic belt in northern Chile, between 22 and

Sample/Grain U [ppm]a Pb [ppm]a Th/Ua Isotope ratios Age [Ma] Conc.

pez et al. / Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138

pez et al. / Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138

pez et al. / Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138

pez et al. / Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138

Quimurcu Intrusive Complex: PV270713-JC09

pez et al. / Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138

pez et al. / Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138

pez et al. / Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138

pez et al. / Journal of South American Earth Sciences 87 (2018) 113e138

which displayed a single-peak distribution. This sample re-

ported a U-Pb age of 177.6 ± 0.9 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.42). For sample

PV290713 JT-03, the igneous zircons are mainly inherited (8

detrital zircons were obtained from feldspathic sandstone. The

younger population of 6 zircons with a mean age of

187.65 þ 1.15e2.55 Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.23) can be interpreted as the

maximum depositional age of this sandstone. The ages obtained

4.2. Upper Cretaceous to Lower Paleocene rocks

The Upper Cretaceous rocks in the region are represented by

Cortina Beds and the Lower Paleocene deposits which correspond

to the Esmeralda Beds (Fig. 3). These units unconformably overlie

the Jurassic rocks of the La Negra Formation. Contrarily to the

Mesozoic rocks, these successions were not affected by normal

faulting, as described above in their geological background.

a) Cerro Cortina Beds. The samples analyzed in this work were

sector and on the eastern side of the Campamento Esmeralda

06; PV030812 JC-02; PV180113 PM-01), which corresponds to

of approximately 20 igneous zircons is from each sample, they

displayed a single-peak distribution and yielded the following

Ma (MSWD ¼ 0.69) (PV030812 JC-02), 83.9 ± 0.5 Ma

allowed us to assign an Upper Cretaceous age to this unit.

sented a single-peak distribution of 13 igneous zircons and

yielded a 63.6 ± 0.4 Ma age (MSWD ¼ 0.89) (Fig. 5), allowing us

to assign this unit to a Lower Paleocene age.

4.3. Intrusive rocks

These units were named as follows, from old to young: El Cobre

Granodiorite, Quimurcu Intrusive Complex, Los Dones Gabbros and

Diorites, and the Buey Muerto Subvolcanic Intrusives. The El Cobre

biotite granodiorites that intrude to the Rencoret Beds and basal

clase, orthoclase, quartz, amphibole and biotite. The Quimurcu

intermediate compositions. They are granitoids that comprise

tures. The Intrusive Quimurcu Complex intrudes into the rocks of

Gabbros and Diorites and by the Buey Muerto Subvolcanic In-

of intrusive rocks of a smaller extension other than the previous

described units. These rocks have a distinctive dark gray to greenish

Its predominant lithology consists of gabbros, diorites and

Sample UTM Lithology Methodology Age (Ma±2s)

a) El Cobre Granodiorite. We collected one sample from this

Fig. 7. Wetherill Concordia diagrams for inherited zircon.

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