CONFIDENTIAL ECIOCT 2016/ECW311 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE WATER AND WASTEWATER ENGINEERING COURSE CODE ECw311 EXAMINATION OCTOBER 2016 TIME 3 HOURS INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1, This question paper consists of five (5) questions. 2. Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. 3, Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. 4, Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of |) the Question Paper il) an Answer Booklet — provided by the Faculty 5, Answer ALL questions in English. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists oF 6 printed pages (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknolog MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL, 2 EC/OCT 2016/ECW311 QUESTION 1 a) The recent dry spell due to El Nino has major impacts on the natural hydrological cycle. Explain how the above scenario may influence the steady supply of domestic water to the community. (5 marks) b) A senior engineer has given you a task to collect and measure rainfall data for a remote inaccessible forested area whereby personnel is unavailable to collect the data on a regular basis. Select a suitable rain gauge and suggest the technical aspects that need to be considered on the placement of the rain gauge at the proposed site. (10 marks) ¢) Tembat Lake which has an area of 30 km? was built to supply water for an agricultural ‘scheme in Gua Musang. If the average abstraction from the lake is 5 m’vs, estimate the drop in water level of the lake for a period of 6 days. Assume seepage loss is negligible. Data collected from a Class A evaporation pan with a coefficient of 0.8 which was installed near the lake is given in Table Q1(c), Table Q1(c) [ Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rainfall (mm) oO 15 24 7 12 5 ‘Amount of Water Added 25 5 7 18 15 24 (mm) (6 marks) QUESTION 2 a) Explain the effects of urbanization on the infiltration rate of an area that was once covered with trees and vegetation (4 marks) b) Describe a method that can promote infiltration in an urbanized area. (2 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 3 ECIOCT 2016/ECW311 ©) Table Q2(c) shows the data obtained in a stream gauging operation. The stream is, currently used as a domestic water source to supply 200x10° m® of water daily to the local community. Determine whether the stream is able to meet the demand in the year 2025 if water demand is expected to increase by 50% due to rapid development. Table Q2{(c) Distance from Flow Depth, d Velocity (m/s) m. (m) 02d osd 08d 0 00 : = 5 1.5 4.3 0.6 - 0.4 3.0. 25 09 08 06 45 17, 07 - 05 6.0 1.0) - 05 - 75 0.4 a 0.35 = 9.0 0.0 - = - (12 marks) QUESTION 3 a) Figure Q3(a) shows a plan view of a rural area based on land use. Discuss the impact of the land use activites to the groundwater quality and how to minimize groundwater contamination due to these activites. Residential area (Individual septic tank) Industrial area Landfill area Figure Q3(a) (5 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknolog! MARA CONFIDENTIAL