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In a group of 75 persons, everyone takes either tea or coffee
.If 45 take tea and 35 take coffee then the number of persons
who take tea only(and not coffee) is
who take tea only(and not coffee) is
(a)35 (b)40 (c)45 (d)50.
Solution: A= set of persons who take tea
B t f
B=set of persons who take coffee.
h t k ff
By data n(AUB)=75, n(A)=45,n(B)=35
Now n(AUB)=n(A)+n(B)‐n(A∩B)
֜75=45+35‐ n(A∩B)
Therefore n(A∩B)=80‐75=5.
Therefore n(A‐B)=n(A)‐
Therefore n(A B) n(A) n(A∩B)
n(A∩B)
n(A‐B)=45‐5=40.
Correct option is (b).
1(b). R is a relation on N given by R={(x, y);
4x+3y=20)} which of the following does not
4x+3y=20)} which of the following does not
belongs to R ?
(a)(5, 0) (b)(‐4, 12) (c)(2, 4)
(d)(3,4)
Solution: We have 4x+3y=20 when x=3, and
y=4 we get
4(3) +3(4) =24≠20.
(3 4) does not belong to R
(3, 4) does not belong to R.
(2) Let A= {1, 2, 3} then the number of equivalence relations containing
(2) Let A {1 2 3} then the number of equivalence relations containing
(1, 2) and (1, 3) is
(a)1 (b)2 (c)3 (d)4
Solution: We need equivalence relation it must contain element of the
l l l l f h
form (a, a) for all aאA.
The smallest relation defined on the set A which is an equivalence
relation is
R={(1, 1) (2, 2), (3, 3)}
If we include the pairs (1, 2) and (1, 3) to R then we will be forced to
p ( , ) ( , )
include all other remaining pairs to make the relation as an
equivalence relation. Then the resultant relation would be
R1 = {(1, 1) , (2, 2) ,(3, 3) , (1, 2) , (2, 1) , (1, 3) ,(3, 1) , (2, 3) ,(3, 2)}
= {(1 1) (2 2) (3 3) (1 2) (2 1) (1 3) (3 1) (2 3) (3 2)}
which is the universal relation defined on A. Hence there is only one
equivalence relation containing (1, 2) , (1, 3).
Therefore correct option is (a)
Therefore correct option is (a).
(3): If R1 and R2 are the two equivalence relation s on a set
A. Then which one of the following is not true?
(a)R1 R2 is reflexive. (b)R
is refle i e (b)R1 R2 is
is
symmetric.
(c)R1 ∩ R2 is equivalence relation. (d)R
is equivalence relation. (d)R1 R2 is
is
transitive.
Solution: We know that, intersection of two equivalence
relation is again an equivalence relation. Also union of
two reflexive relations is again reflexive and union of two
symmetric relations is again symmetric But union of two
symmetric relations is again symmetric. But union of two
equivalence relation on a set A need not be equivalence.
Because for example‐
Let A={1,2,3} R1 and R2 be the relation defined by
R1= {(1,1),(2, 2),(3, 3),(1,3),(3,1)}
And R2= {(1,1),(2, 2),(3, 3),(2,3),(3,2)}
Cl l b h
Clearly both are equivalence relation on A. Consider R
i l l i A C id R1
U R2 = {(1,1),(2, 2),(3, 3),(1, 3), (3, 1),(2,3),(3,2)}
Here we observe that (2 3) R1 U R
Here we observe that (2, 3) U R2 and (3, 1)
and (3 1) R1U R
U R2
but (2, 1) R1 U R2 . Therefore the relation R1 U R2 is not
transitive. Hence it is not an equivalence relation .
transitive. Hence it is not an equivalence relation .
Correct option is (d).
(4):R be the relation on the set N given by
R {(a b);a b 2 b>6} then
R={(a, b);a=b‐2, b>6},then
(a)(2, 4) R
(b)(3, 8) R
(c)(6, 8) R
(d)(8, 7) R
Solution: Therefore correct option is (c).
Therefore correct option is (c).
(5): Two finite sets A and B have m and n
elements Number of subsets of A is 56
elements.
more than that of B. The values of m and
n are
a) 6, 3 b) 7, 6 c) 7, 3 d) 6, 4
S l ti
Solution: B
By ddata
t 2m - 2n=56
56 ⇒ m=6
6 andd
n=3.
∴Correct option is (a).
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14. Let A and B be two sets containing 2 elements and 4
elements respectively. The number of subsets of AXB
having 3 or more elements is
(a)220 (b)219 (c)211 (d)256
Solution: n(AXB) is 2x4=8
Solution: n(AXB) is 2x4=8.
Number of subsets of AXB = 28 =256 and number of
Subsets having r elements is 8Cr. .
Subsets having r elements is
Therefore required = 256 ‐ 8C0 ‐ 8C1 ‐ 8C2 = 256‐1‐8‐
28=219.
Hence the correct option is (b).
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54.Define a relation R on A = {1, 2, 3, 4} as xRy, if x
divides Y,
R is __________
(a) Equivalence (b) symmetric and
transitive
(c)Reflexive and symmetric (d)reflexive and
transitive
Solution: As 0 בA R is reflexive and obviously it is
Solution: As 0 בA, R is reflexive and obviously it is
transitive.
Hence the correct potion is (d).
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56.