Introduction

Every social care services need to recognise the individuality of each individual, and plan and provide support services
in a holistic way to ensure that all the individual’s needs are met. To understand the diverse nature of the people whom
are receiving care have some ethical issues and dilemma. This will involve recognising the rights and responsibilities
of both the individual and the social care practitioner. Sometimes these rights can appear to be in struggle and how to
enables exploration the different issues and ethical dilemmas that could occur and discuss ways of resolving them.

Task 1: Principles and values in health and social care:

In social care system, principle and values holds a great influence to understand the belief about what is
right and wrong. People always differ their principle with others because of their different moral and
upbringings. So principles and values keep us in check by following policy and procedures to learn in a
professional way to support patients in care. In the scenario, Greta has had a stroke, has very slurred speech
and very little movement in her right arm and leg which made her incapable to communicate freely with
her key worker. So the key worker needs to develop his communication skills more effectively to overcome
these barrier and ensure clients received the accurate care and that they require.

On the other hand, John has dementia and short term memory loss he does not remember conversations
from five minutes ago but has a good long term memory and attends a day centre twice a week. Key worker
always needs think first about the well beings of clients before anything else. In John case, clients must
have individuals right to dignity, independence, choice and safety but Key workers must do everything
thinkable to keep John from harm. So key worker must have to use the right to safety principles and cancel
the twice a week day centre activities to keep him out of harm way. By using this principles and values, all
care work is about to improve individual’s quality of life, fulfil all the needs like physical, emotional,
cultural and intellectual and creating opportunities to be met.

Task 2: Planning support for individuals:

Planning support for individual means process and assess with key worker what is good for them. Everyone
has the right to do what is best for them, some have clear objective and some don not. Sometimes it is
necessary to plan in organized way and this is important for vulnerable people when recognising and
planning care provision. For instance, an older person who has become fragile and missing in confidence
might be offered a low-priced place in a day centre that would meet their social requirements, but sitting
service might be more suitable for equally individual and client. While creating a support plan is very
important to meet all the necessary consideration of individual’s needs when also think the role of client.

First of the cycle assessment of planning is referral of self or professionals. Then holistic assessment helps
to create a plan using assessment tools with all necessary needs within mind to work closely with
individuals, for example communication barrier for a client can cause series of misunderstanding what
client actually need. After identify all current provision to utilize all recourse to meet individuals need, then
care plan manager identify all the realistic goals and how to achieve it. After that manager record all the
documents who is involved in care plan like individuals, family as well as key workers. Then manager
consult with professional and implement as according to plan and monitor all the changes. Lastly, review
all the findings to evaluate what is right for the client. If the plan does not work according to plan than start
over all the processing tools to find the best solution. Involvement of key professionals are another factor
to planning support and depends on success for individuals. In health care key professionals are social
worker, health visitors, family support workers and general practitioner. The social worker’s part is to
confirm that the individual’s rights are fulfilled. The social worker has a legal accountability to calculate
the level of support needed to meet the requirements of the individual and family they are working with.
Social workers work with people to allow them to deal with or explain problems, such as child safety issues.

On the other hand, Family support workers work in partnership with the social worker. Once the social
worker has finished the assessment of need, the family support worker will work carefully with families,
providing direct support with a variety of problems, which can include parenting skills, domestic skills and
financial management. A General Practitioner (GP) is a medicinal specialist with a overall knowledge of
critical and long-lasting diseases. The GP can offer preventative care and treatment for variety of diseases,
and if required will refer the patient to a specialist. Assessment tools are resources used in the support
planning process to create a holistic portrait of an individual’s needs and related situations. When all the
facts are verified, an assessment can be complete, and appropriate care and support can be identified. Like
check list to ensure all the needs are covered, record of professional to support all the necessary means are
taken, question about initial meeting with the individual to ensure that the process is fully
understood which requires skilful use of questioning and flowchart used to summarise other forms of
assistance that may be appropriate to the individual. And the new information booklet will be attach to
appendix.
Task 3: Producing plans:

There are many legislation, policy and code of practice could be applied to planning and support individuals.
I will be looking at one piece of legislation Disability Discrimination Act 1995; extended 2005, one policy
Confidentiality and one piece of code of practice General Social Care Council Code of practice in esteems
to the planning and support for individuals. Social care center is a place for people has special needs and
every individual has their own kind of need which needs to fulfil. While attending their needs, there are
legislation which care for in a way, hence, protect that through this legislation, policy and code of practice.
Disability Discrimination Act 1995; extended 2005: after the implement of the law, it became illegal to
refuse someone a job, proper housing, service, the opportunity to educate and transport because of their
disability. The act help disable people to empower their fear and rights to gain services and facilities that
meet their needs such as ramps at building lifts and lower platform transportation which enable disable
people have normal life. Because of the act, it is illegal under the DDA for a manager to treat a being with
disabilities less sympathetically than others. The Equality and Human Rights Commission assists
individuals to uphold their rights as set out in the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA). Confidentiality: it
narrates to personal information about patients. Problems rise when it comes to determining how this
information should be shared in order to improve a patient’s care and for better communication amongst
care staff. The goal of a confidential care service should be protecting the patients information and contain
who has access to it. The patient would be up-to-date what his or her information is being used for and who
has access to it, and they should give consent for it to be used in this way. In certain circumstances e.g.
insensible, psychological illness, patients/service users may lack the capability to be conscious of
their rights in relation to confidential information but this does not diminish the duty of confidence.
The Health and Social Care (Community Health and Standards) Act 2003 confers a general power
on National Assembly Inspectorates to require information, documents, records (including
personal records) which relate to the provision of healthcare by or for a Welsh NHS body or the
discharge by a local authority in Wales of its social services functions. General Social Care Council
Code of practice: The Great Britain (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) follow the same codes
of practice The General Social Care Council/Care Councils. This legislation was created on 1 October 2001
for all four bodies to regulate the social profession. The General Social Care Council (GSCC) works with
disable people for increasing the protection of people who are receiving care, their careers and the general
public by making sure that the social care staff puts into practice codes of conduct that meet specialized
codes of conduct. The codes of practice for everybody employed within the social care sector include
information on defending the rights, and endorsing the interests, of individuals who are getting care and
their professional careers. Most significantly, professional codes of practice are proposed to increase morals
of practice and to rise confidence in the social care sector.

Task 4: Ethics in health and social care:

The professional practitioners are always faced with situations involving moral dilemmas while working in
health and social care system. So health care workers need to have a clear moral understanding and meaning
of moral decisions to make to improve health and social practice. For example, a person chooses to decline
to any medical action which may harm him. In such situations legislation and professional codes of practice
can provide valuable guidance for the health and social care worker. Duty means care to protect their rights.
For example, cancer patients are moderately often counselled to endure a course of chemotherapy or
radiotherapy. Both treatments include some hurtful side effects, but the benefits should overshadow the
harm caused by the treatment. Safeguarding contains employing new staff and providing means to confirm
that individuals’ needs are met.

Though, there are times when the behaviour or actions of one individual could harm other people within
the organisation. Section 5 of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 provides guidelines for the social care
professional, relating to the degree of harm that is likely to be suffered by a person if he or she is not
restrained. In the medical context, Beneficence means taking activities that help the best welfares of
patients. For instance, the cancer medication Herceptin could charge one person for £30,000, would this
money be better spent on saving multiple heart attack victims? In health and social care, specialists will
encounter a different people who hold a variety of different values and attitudes. These can be in conflict
with those of other people. For example, people have different views on abortion and euthanasia.
Professional practitioners have to be subtle to the moral status of the people they are working with. All
principles are equal not one is more important than another. The care worker is also faced with a dilemma
and is expected to make a decision.

Before making a decision, the care worker must have to consider the risk, professional and legal
responsibility, policy and facts. Examples of possible dilemmas include being asked to prescribe the
contraceptive pill to under-16s without parental consent. One of the most controversial dilemmas involves
the treatment of terminally ill patients, who are very close to death and may be in a great deal of pain.

Conclusion:

Social care needs a setting which provides good quality service and the staff persist non-judgmental in their
approach. This helps us to avoid reinforcing spirits of desperateness and despair. Properly uses all the
processes and assessment tools involved in planning support for individuals. These provisions
could include one-to-one sessions with a key worker and the individual concerned and, after discussion,
identifying a plan of action. In contrast, group work, relaxation sessions, counselling with trained staff and
other useful strategies can ensure that harm is minimized.

Appendix
Training Chart:

Name: Institution Name:

Date Who need Type of What is the Who is Time Span Outcome
Training?(Client) training Problem? involved?(
needed Key
Worker)
Physical Self-caring
skills 10 Days
Social Support
1.1.2017 Mr. X groups and Mr. A
individuals 3 weeks
which are
of interest
him
Emotional Emotional
support for
leaving his 28 days
parents’
18.02.17
home.
Mr. Y Mr. B
to encourage
Intellectual learning and 12 days
intellectual
development
Reference:

Butt, J. & Mirza, K. (1996) Social Care and Black Communities London: HMSO

Giddens, A. (2001) Sociology, fourth ed, Oxford: Polity Press, John Wiley Ltd

Lloyd, M. (2010) A Practical Guide to Support Planning in Health and Social Care Maidenhead: Open
University

Public Records Act 1958, the Access to Health Records Act 1990 and others, go to
http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/

Holland K and Hogg C – Cultural Awareness in Nursing and Health Care (Hodder Arnold, 2001) ISBN
9780340731338

BTEC National Health and Social Care Book 2 (Heinemann, 2007) ISBN 9780435499167

BTEC Level 3 Nationals in Health and Social Care Student Book 1 (Pearson, 2010) ISBN 9781846907663

BTEC Level 3 Nationals in Health and Social Care Student Book 2 (Pearson, 2010) ISBN 9781846907470

Useful Website links:

www.community-care.co.uk Community Care magazine

www.dh.gov.uk Department of Health

www.eoc.org.uk Equal Opportunities Commission

www.skillsforhealth.org.uk Sector Skills Council for the UK Health Sector

www.society.guardian.co.uk The Guardian