Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Q: What are the differences between debit card and credit card?
A: Debit cards allow bank customers to spend money that they have by drawing on
funds that they deposited with the card provider. Credit cards allow consumers to
borrow money from the card issuer up to a certain limit in order to purchase items or
withdraw cash.
Q: Amortization:
The process of reducing debt through regular installment payments of principal and
interest that will result in the payoff of a loan at its maturity.
Q: Certificate of Deposit:
A negotiable instrument issued by a bank in exchange for funds, usually bearing
interest, deposited with the bank.
Q: Certificate of Release:
A certificate signed by a lender indicating that a mortgage has been fully paid and all
debts satisfied, also known as release of lien.
Q: Demand Deposit:
A deposit of funds that can be withdrawn without any advance notice.
Q: Electronic Banking:
A service that allows an account holder to obtain account information and manage
certain banking transactions through a personal computer via the financial
institution's Web site on the Internet. (This is also known as Internet or online
banking.)
National Debt is the amount of money borrowed at different times by the government
for the expenditure which cannot be met from budgetary revenue allocation. This
money can be used for productive purposes or unproductive purposes.
Liquidity Risk in foreign exchange is the risk of losses due to the inability to make
timely payment of any financial obligation to the customers or counter parties in any
currency. Liquidity Risk is the risk stemming from the lack of marketability of an
investment that cannot be bought or sold quickly enough to prevent or minimize a
loss. Liquidity risk is typically reflected in unusually wide bid-ask spreads or large
price movements (especially to the downside).
Market Risk in foreign exchange is the risk of losses in on and off balance sheet
positions arising from adverse movements in market prices.
Treasury Notes are bonds of 2, 5 or 10 years. They are usually issued at face value
and the client receives regular interest payments. Treasury bonds are long term bonds
(30 years) and work similarly to notes.
Treasury bills, notes and bonds are marketable securities the government sells in
order to pay off maturing debt and to raise the cash needed to run the federal
government. When a person buys one of these securities, s/he is lending his/her
money to the government of the Bangladesh. Treasury bills, notes and bonds are
securities that have a stated interest rate that is paid semiannually until maturity.
What make notes and bonds different are the terms to maturity. Notes are issued in
two-, three-, five- and 10-year terms. Conversely, bonds are long-term investments
with terms of more than 10 years.
Bill of Exchange: is a written and unconditional order issued by seller (the drawer) to
buyer (the drawee) who is bound to pay the price of products to the carrier
mentioned on the bill at a predetermined future date. The drawee accepts the bill by
signing it, thus converting it into a post-dated check and a binding contract.
Narrow Money: A category of money supply that includes all physical money like coins
and currency along with demand deposits, saving accounts and other operational
liquid assets held by the central bank.
Broad Money: In economics, broad money refers to the most inclusive definition of
the money supply. Since cash can be exchanged for many different financial
instruments and placed in various restricted accounts, it is not a simple task for
economists to define how much money is currently in the economy.
Foreign Exchange: The exchange or conversion of one currency into another
currency. It also refers to the global market where currencies are traded.
Floating Exchange Rate: When the exchange rate of a currency is determined by the
demand and supply of that currency then it is called floating exchange rate. Floating
Exchange Rate is a country's exchange rate regime where its currency is set by the
foreign exchange market through supply and demand for that particular currency
relative to other currencies. Thus, floating exchange rates change freely and are
determined by trading in the foreign exchange market.
Soft Loan: A loan with an artificially low rate of interest. Soft loans are sometimes
made to developing nations by industrialized nations for political reasons.
Bank Draft: An instrument issued by one branch of a bank on another branch of the
bank containing an order to pay a certain sum on demand to the person named on the
draft. It is issued to transfer funds and to settle outstanding balances between banks,
or to provide a customer with funds payable at a bank in a different location. Bank
drafts are valid for a certain period, generally, for six months, as indicated over the
face of draft.
DCF (Discounted Cash Flow): A valuation method used to estimate the attractiveness
of an investment opportunity. Discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis uses future free
cash flow projections and discounts them (most often using the weighted average cost
of capital) to arrive at a present value, which is used to evaluate the potential for
investment. If the value arrived at through DCF analysis is higher than the current
cost of the investment, the opportunity may be a good one.
Nominal Interest Rate: The interest rate before taking inflation into account. The
nominal interest rate is the rate quoted in loan and deposit agreements. The equation
that links nominal and real interest rates is: (1 + nominal rate) = (1 + real interest
rate) (1 + inflation rate). It can be approximated as nominal rate = real interest rate +
inflation rate.
Nominal versus real interest rate: The real interest rate is the nominal rate of
interest minus inflation. In the case of a loan, it is this real interest that the lender
receives as income. If the lender is receiving 8% from a loan and inflation is 8%, then
the real rate of interest is zero because nominal interest and inflation are equal. A
lender would have no net benefit from such a loan because inflation fully diminishes
the value of the loan's profit. The relationship between real and nominal interest
rates can be described in the equation: (1+r) (1+i) = (1+R)
Niche Marketing: A niche market is a small but profitable market segment on which a
specific product is focused. It defines the product features aimed at satisfying specific
market needs, as well as the price range, production quality and the demographics
that is intended to impact. Market niches do not exist by themselves, but are created
by identifying needs or wants that are not being addressed by competitors and by
offering products that satisfy them.
Merchant Bank is a bank that deals mostly in international finance and long-term
loans for companies and underwriting. Merchant banks do not provide regular banking
services to the general public.
Corporate Banking refers to the aspect of banking that deals with corporate
customers. Corporate banking is banking activities done by large companies and these
activities include borrowing a loan or other large financial transaction.
E-banking is a kind of banking system in which the bank uses electronic or satellite
based computerized devices for ensuring promptness and accuracy in banking
transactions.
A set of acts, laws, regulations, and guidelines have been enacted and promulgated
time to time since BB’s establishment which helped BB to perform its role as a central
bank particularly, to control and regulate country’s monetary and financial system.
Among others, important laws and acts include:
1. Bangladesh Bank Order, 1972 (P.O. No. 127 of 1972)
2. Bank Company Act, 1991
3. Bank Company (amendment) Act, 2013
4. The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
5. The Bankers’ Book Evidence Act, 1891
6. Foreign Exchange Regulations (Amendement) Act, 2015
7. Foreign Exchange Regulations Act, 1947
8. Financial Institutions Act, 1993
9. Financial Reporting Act, 2015
10. Bank Deposit Insurance Act, 2000
11. Money Loan Court Act, 2003
12. Micro Credit Regulatory Authority Act, 2006
13. Money Laundering Prevention (Amendment) Act, 2015
14. Money Laundering Prevention Act,2012 [Bangla] [English]
15. Anti Terrorism (Amendment) Act, 2013
ব াংক িবষয়ক িকছু সাধারণ ান... য কান ব াংক ও জব পরী ার জন পূণ
১. বাংলােদেশ চিলত ব াংক নােটর সংখ া কত?
উ র : 6 িট। ১০,২০,৫০,১০০,৫০০,১০০০ সরকাির নাট ৩ িটঃ ১,২,৫
২. বাংলােদশ ব াংেকর থম গভনেরর নাম িক?
উ র আ.ন.ম. হািম ললাহ ।
৩. বাংলােদেশর রা ায় বািণিজ ক ব াংক েলার (৬িট) নাম কী?
উ র : সানালী , জনতা, অ ণী ও পালী ব াংক , বিসক ব াংক, িবিডিবএল।
৪. বাংলােদশ ব াংেকর বতমান গভনেরর নাম িক?
উ র : ফজেল কিবর ( ১১ম )
৫. িব ব াংেকর ঢাকা কাযালেয়র বতমান নাম কী?
উ র : ‘ওয়া ব াংক বাংলােদশ িফ অিফস’।
৬. বাংলােদেশ ামীণ ব াংক চালু হয় কত ি াে ?
উ র : ১ অে াবর ১৯৮৩ ি াে ।
৭. উপমহােদেশ ব াংিকং ব ব া চালু হয় কান আমেল?
উ র : মু ঘল আমেল।
৮. বাংলােদেশর কৃিষ ব াংক িতি ত হয় কত ি াে ?
উ র : ১৯৭৫ ি াে ।
৯. বাংলােদশ ব াংেকর পিত ক?
উ র : শিফউল কােদর।
১০. দেশ নাট চলন কের কান ব াংক ?
উ র : বাংলােদশ ব াংক।
১১. বাংলােদশ িশ ব াংক িতি ত হয় কত ি াে ?
উ র : ১৯৭২ ি াে ।
১২. বকার যু বক কমসং ােনর সু েযাগ সৃ ি র জন সরকার কান ব াংক চালু কেরেছন?
উ র : কমসং ান ব াংক।
১৩. দ া ওিরয় া াল ব াংেকর পূব নাম কী িছল?
উ র : আল-বারাকা ইসলামী ব াংক িলিমেটড।
১৪. পূবালী ব াংেকর পূব নাম িক িছল?
উ র : িদ ই ান মােক াইল ব াংক িলিমেটড।
১৫. বাংলােদেশর িবেশষািয়ত ব াংক েলার (২িট) নাম কী কী?