Thoracic Muscle

There’re 5 muscles that attached to the thoracic

1. Internal Muscle
a. External
b. Internal
c. Innermost
2. Transverses
3. Subcostal
4. Costal pleura
5. Diaphragm

Intercostal Muscle lies in the intercostal spaces between ribs

It’s organized into three layers which’s Internal External and Innermost

The Intercostals Muscle help to form and move the chest wall, expand and shrink the size of chest
cavity to facilitate breathing.

Here’s the diagram where’s the intercostal’s located and how they’ve been located.

Introduction of Intercostal Muscle.

Like I just said, there’s three parts of intercostal muscle which’s External, Internal, and Innermost
muscle. They’ve been protecting and help the chest cavity to expand for us to breathing and the also
help our lungs to expand.

Let’s move on to other slides to discover most of the function of the muscle.

*External Intercostal Muscle.

Cover most of the chest cavity to support the ribs to expands

External Intercostal Muscle aid in quiet and forced inhalation. They originate on 1-11 ribs and
insertion n ribs 2-12.

External Intercostal Muscle also responsible for elevation of the ribs and bending them more open
they also expanding the transverse dimensions of thoracic cavity

*Next, Internal Intercostal Muscle.

The internal intercostal Muscle is opposite to External Intercostal Muscle.

The Internal Intercostal Muscle aid in forced EXPIRATION.

Originate at 2-12 ribs and insertions on ribs 1-11.

Located at pass anterior and superior from upper margin of rib and costal cartilage to lower margin
of rib above.

The Internal Intercostal Muscle responsible for depression of the ribs and bending them inwards.

Thus, decreasing the transverse dimension of the thoracic cavity.

*Innermost Intercostal Muscle

The Innermost Intercostal Muscle is the deepest layer of Intercostal Muscle layers.

The Innermost Intercostal Muscle doesn’t have much function that supports the thoracic cavity.

The Innermost Intercostal Muscle Layer are been keep separated from them by a neurovascular
(nerves, artery, veins, and lymphatics in the body) bundle.

And composed of Transversus Thoracis Muscle, Sternocostal Muscle and Subcostalis Muscle.

*Transversus Thoracis Muscle.

A thin plane of muscular and tendinous fibers that is elastic and thick fibers.

Located at inner surface of front wall of chest the same layer as subcostal muscle and the innermost
intercostal muscle.

It arises on either side from the lower third posterior surface of the body of sternum, from posterior
surface of the xiphoid surface and from the sternal ends of the costal cartilages of the lower three or
four ribs.

Its fibers diverge upward and lateralward to be inserted by slips into lower borders and inner
surfaces of the costal cartilages of the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth ribs.

The lowest fibers of this muscle are horizontal in their direction. And continuous with those of the
transversus abdominis (muscle layer of the anterior lateral abdominal wall).

The intermediate fibers (known as FAST OXIDATIVE-GLYCOLYTIC FIBERS) are oblique, while the
highest are almost vertical.

The muscle is supplied by the ANTERIOR RAMI of thoracic Spinal Nerves (mixed nerve which carries
Motor, Sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and the body). Intercostal Nerves

And the main function of the Transversus Thoracis Muscle is to keep the thoracic cage separate from
the parietal pleura and depresses the ribs.

*Subcostal Muscle

The subcostal muscle are found in inferior portion of thoracic wall. They compromise of thin slips of
muscle,

Which runs from the internal surface of one rib to second and third ribs below.

These originate from the inferior surface of the lower ribs, near the angle of the ribs. The function of
the subcostals muscle is to share the action of the internal Intercostals.
*Pulmonary Pleurae

There’s two of pulmonary pleurae which’s Visceral pleura and parietal pleura.

Visceral pleura dedicates serous membrane that covers the surface of each lungs and dips into the
fissures between the lobes.

Parietal pleura is the outer membrane that attached to the inner surface of thoracic cavity. It
separates the pleural cavity from mediastinum.

*Diaphragm

Diaphragm is a sheet of internal skeletal muscle in human.

It’s extends across the bottom of the thoracic cavity and separates the thoracic cavity and abdominal
cavity.

Diaphragm is play important function on respiration function or process.

When the diaphragm contracts the volume of the thoracic cavity increases. Negative vacuum is
created which draws air into the lungs.

The C-Shaped structure made of muscle and fibrous tissue.

The dome curves upwards.

It’s enlarging the volume of thoracic cavity and reducing intra-thoracic pressure.

Diaphragm also helps to expel vomit, feces and urine.

For female diaphragm will increase intra-abdominal pressure aids in childbirth and prevent acid
reflux.

That’s all for Thoracic Muscle Thank you