Name: Arnel A. Caubang Jr.

Section: ABM-HOSEA
Thales of Miletus- The ancient Greek philosopher Thales was born in Miletus in Greek Ionia.
Aristotle, the major source for Thales's philosophy and science, identified Thales as the first person to
investigate the basic principles, the question of the originating substances of matter and, therefore, as
the founder of the school of natural philosophy. Thales was interested in almost everything,
investigating almost all areas of knowledge, philosophy, history, science, mathematics, engineering,
geography, and politics. He proposed theories to explain many of the events of nature, the primary
substance, the support of the earth, and the cause of change.

Anaximander- was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher who lived in Miletus, a city of Ionia (in modern-
day Turkey). He belonged to the Milesian school and learned the teachings of his master Thales. He
succeeded Thales and became the second master of that school where he counted Anaximenes and,
arguably, Pythagoras amongst his pupils.Little of his life and work is known today. According to available
historical documents, he is the first philosopher known to have written down his studies, although only one
fragment of his work remains. Fragmentary testimonies found in documents after his death provide a
portrait of the man.

Anaximenes- was an Ancient Greek Pre-Socratic philosopher active in the latter half of the 6th century
BC. The details of his life are obscure and undocumented because none of his work has been preserved.
Anaximenes’s ideas and philosophies are known today because of comments made by Aristotle and other
writers on the history of Greek Philosophy. Apollodurus noted the dates Anaximander was alive in relation to
defining historical events, and estimated Anaximenes’s lifespan to occur in same time period that Cyrus beat
Croesus in the Battle of Thymbra in 546 BCE.]Some of his writings survived the Hellenistic Age, but no record
of these documents currently exist. As one of the three Milesian philosophers that were considered the first
revolutionary thinkers of the Western world, he is best known and identified as a younger friend or student
of Anaximander.

Pythagoras- was an ancient Ionian Greek philosopher and the eponymous founder of Pythagoreanism.
His political and religious teachings were well known in Magna Graecia and influenced the philosophies
of Plato, Aristotle, and, through them, Western philosophy. Knowledge of his life is clouded by legend, but he
appears to have been the son of Mnesarchus, a seal engraver on the island of Samos. Modern scholars
disagree regarding Pythagoras's education and influences, but they do agree that, around 530 BC, he
travelled to Croton, where he founded a school in which initiates were sworn to secrecy and lived
a communal, ascetic lifestyle. This lifestyle entailed a number of dietary prohibitions, traditionally said to
have included vegetarianism, although modern scholars doubt that he ever advocated for complete
vegetarianism.

Zeno- was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher of Magna Graecia and a member of the Eleatic
School founded by Parmenides. Aristotle called him the inventor of the dialectic. He is best known for
his paradoxes, which Bertrand Russell has described as "immeasurably subtle and profound". Little is known
for certain about Zeno's life. Although written nearly a century after Zeno's death, the primary source of
biographical information about Zeno is Plato's Parmenides[4] and he is also mentioned in Aristotle's Physics. In
the dialogue of Parmenides, Plato describes a visit to Athens by Zeno and Parmenides, at a time when
Parmenides is "about 65", Zeno is "nearly 40", and Socrates is "a very young man".