ENCE 717 - Bridge Engineering Homework #1

Comparison of Maximum Live Load Moment for LFD and LRFD

Max Mom. due to LL (WSD/LFD) WSD/LFD Max Moment due to LL, For LRFD LRFD
S.L Truck Lane Tandem D.F
1
IM.F 2
Truck Tandem Lane (U.D.L) D.F 3
IM.F*
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
* For LRFD, IM.F. = 0.33 applied to truck and tandem only

S.L. Max LL Moment, For WSD/LFD Max LL Moment, For LRFD Diff. (%)
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
 140
150

1. WSD/LFD wheel load D.F.: S/5.5 for multi-lane D.F. and S/7.0 for single-lane D.F.
2. IM.F. = 50/(L+125)
3. LRDF uses axle load D.F. where axle load D.F. is half of wheel load D.F.
One Design Lane Loaded: Two or More Design Lanes Loaded:
0 .1
0.4 0.3 Kg S 0 . 6 S 0 .2 K g 0 .1
0 . 06+ ( 14S ) ( SL ) ( 12 . 0 Lt 3s ) 0 . 075+( ) ()
9.5 L ( )
12 . 0 Lt 3s

Maximum Moment due to (L.L+IM.F) for (WSD/LFD) & (LRFD)

Moment (K.FT)

1000

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Span Length ( FT ) Max LL Moment, For
WSD/LFD
Manual for Condition Evaluation of Bridges
Appendix A10
Formulae for Maximum Moment at Any Point on Span

HS-20 Type Live Loads per Wheel Line (WSD/LFD)

HL-93 Type Live Loads per Wheel Line (LRFD)

M(x) = ax2+bx+c
M'(x) = a'x+b
M(x) is maximum at M'(x) = 0, x = -b/a'

a = -36 / L
b = 36 (L+4.67) / L
c = -224
a' = -72 / L

To obtain maximum moment per truck, multiply M(x) by 2.

L a b c a' x M(x) 2 M(x)

(ft) (ft) (k-ft/whl) (k-ft/truck)
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
 M'(x)
as check
AASHTO LRFD
Table 4.6.2.2.2b-1
Distribution of Live Loads Per Lane for Moment in Interior Beams

S= ft Girder Spacing
Kg/(12.0Lts3) = Preliminary Design Value

DF1 = 0.06 + (S/14)0.4 (S/L)0.3 (Kg/[12.0Lts3])0.1 One design lane loaded

DF2+ = 0.075 + (S/9.5) 0.6
(S/L) 0.2
(Kg/[12.0Lt ])
s
3 0.1
Two or more design lanes loaded

L DF1 DF2+
(ft)
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
(1) Exact Method -
Wheel 16 16 4
Loads

L-X X
Ra Rb

4.67'

Ra*L = 16*(x+9.33)+16*(x-4.67)+4*(x-4.67-14)

Mx

L-X

Mx = [16*(X+9.33)+16*(x-4.67)+4*(x-4.67-14)]* (L-x)/L-16*9.33
= [36*(L-x)(x-9.33)]/L

(1) Approximate Method -

Wheel 16 16 4
Loads

L-X X
Ra Rb

Ra*L = 16*(x+14)+16*x+4*(x-14)
 14'
Mx

L-X

Mx = [16*(x+14)+16*x+4*(x-14)]* (L-x)/L-16*14
(1) Exact Method -
Wheel 11.86 14 5.33
Loads

12.33 22.67
Ra Rb

x= 9.66 ft x'=

Ra = 11.13 kips Ra' =

Mx

L-X

Mx = 85.80 k-ft Mx' =

(1) Approximate Method -

Wheel 11.86 5.33
Loads
14

12.33 22.67
Ra Rb

Ra= 9.00 kips

 Mx

L-X

Mx = 111.00 k-ft
11.83 ft

10.07 kips

98.40 k-ft