Why buildings stand up

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

Notre Dame de Paris

BCE Place Galleria
Santiago Calatrava
1987-1992
Toronto, Canada
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Post and Beam-Trabeated

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture
Arch - Arcuated

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Groin Vault
Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

Barrel Vault
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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture
Corbelled Dome

Dome on
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Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

Dome on
Pendentives

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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Sexpartite

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

Quadripartitie
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Oriente Station
•Santiago Calatrava
•Structural Expressionism
•1993-98
•Gare do Oriente, Portugal

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

Salisbury Salisbury Cathedral if French Cathedral

Cathedral as built built in the French
manner

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Duomo (Cupola Florence Cathedral)

•Brunelleschi
•Renaissance
• 1420-1436
•Florence, Italy

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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Biliotheque Ste Genevieve

•Henri Labrouste
•Structural Rationalism
•1842-50
•Paris, France

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Gare Saint Lazare
Claude Monet
1877

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

Saint Pancras Station

London, 1863-65
Barlow and Ordish, Engineers
Metal and Glass clear span of 234 feet

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Eiffel Tower
•Gustave Eiffel
•1887-89
•Paris, France

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 La Sagrada Familia
•Antonio Gaudi
•Art Nouveau
•1884
•Barcelona, Spain

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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Notre Dame Du Raincy

•Auguste Perret
•Early Modern
•(Structural Rationalism)
•1922
•Raincy, France

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

"The Renaissance was …a retrospective movement; it was not 'rebirth' but decadence, and one
may say that even though, … certain men of genius produced monuments that were masterpieces,
such as the Val-de-Grace, the Dome des Invalides and the Palace of Versailles, these edifices are
merely magnificent stage decorations; their structure does not dictate their appearance
as at Hagia Sophia or Chartres. Versailles is badly constructed, and when Time will have
exerted its mastery over this palace, we shall not be left with a ruin, but with a mass of
unidentifiable rubble. This is not Architecture; Architecture is what makes beautiful ruins."
— Auguste Perret. from Peter Collins. Concrete: The Vision of a New Architecture, A Study of Auguste Perret and his Precursors.
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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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Pier Luigi Nervi

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 "...two of my most interesting
projects, the hangars built of pre-
cast elements and the roof for the
Turin Exhibition Halls, would have
been impossible without a
simultaneous invention of the
structural method. They would
have looked completely different if
they had been built on the same
principle but in a conventional
Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture
technique."
— Pier Luigi Nervi from the
Introduction of Jürgen Joedicke.
The Works of Pier Luigi Nervi. pVII

Turin Exhibition Hall

(Olympic Ice Hockey)
Long Span Reinforced Concrete
Pier Luigi Nervi
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Munich Olympic Stadium

• Frei Otto with Gunter Benhisch
•1972
•Expressionist Modern
•Lightweight Tensile Structure
•Munich, Germany

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

Guggenheim Musuem, Bilbao Spain

1991-1997
Architect: Frank Gehry
Structural Engineering: SOM Chicago

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Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

CATIA Model

“the computer is a tool, not a partner - an instrument for catching

the curve, not inventing it”
Frank Gehry
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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

Sears Tower
Bruce Graham / SOM
1450’ tall, 110 stories
1974-1976
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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

Pompidou Center
Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers
Paris, France
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POMPIDOU CENTER, PARIS, 1971-77

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 POMPIDOU CENTER, PARIS, 1971-77

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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POMPIDOU CENTER, PARIS, 1971-77

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 POMPIDOU CENTER, PARIS, 1971-77

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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9d' Octubre Bridge

•Santiago Calatrava
•1986~1988
•Valencia, Spain

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

Alamillo Bridge
Santiago Calatrava
Seville, Spain 1987 – 1992
River Guadalquivir
Motor and pedestrian bridge

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Satolas TGV Station

• Santiago Calatrava
• Structural Expressionism
• 1989-1994
• Lyon, France

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Satolas TGV Station

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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Satolas TGV Station

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Satolas TGV Station

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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Satolas TGV Station

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 Why buildings Fall Down

Hartford Coliseum
•0 (1000’s had occupied the arena hours earlier)
•1/18/1978 4:15 am
•Hartford, Connecticut

Hyatt Regency Sky Walk Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

•114 Dead
•7/17/1981
•Kansas City, Kansas

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Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 DESIGN – BID - BUILD

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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Hyatt Regency 1981

Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

2P

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 Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture

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 ETHICAL CONCERNS
CONTRACTOR: CHANGED DESIGN DURING
CONSTRUCTION
OWNER: REFUSED TO ALLOW ONSITE
INSPECTORS AFTER MULTIPLE REQUESTS BY
ENGINEER
ENGINEER: APPROVED DESIGN CHANGES
Minoan & Mycenaean Architecture
WITHOUT FULL STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
DESIGNED A SYSTEM THAT DID NOT MEET
LOCAL BUILDING CODES
BUILDING INSPECTOR: ALLOWED THE
BUILDING TO BE OCCUPIED DESPITE CODE
VIOLATIONS
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