A 2014 Alloy:

Chemical composition of this alloy follows,

Element Wt%
Cu 3.9 – 5
Si 0.5 – 1.2
Mn 0.4 – 1.2
Mg 0.2 – 0.8
Fe <0.7
Cr <0.10
Zn <0.25
Ti <0.15
TOE <0.15
Zr + Ti <0.20
Al Remaining

Reason for Zr + Ti < 0.20 Wt% in A2014 alloy follows,

1. Titanium acts as a grain refinement in aluminium alloys and its effect enhanced when
addition of boron.
2. Zirconium inhibits the grain growth at higher temperatures by forming fine precipitates and
also increases the recrystallization temperature.
3. As the Zr content increases, the effect of grain refinement of Ti reduces. Hence, required
more weight fraction of Ti.
4. So, the wt fractions of Zr and Ti (<0.20) can influence the grain refinement effect.

Reference:

ASM Handbook Vol -2, Properties and selection: non ferrous alloys and special purpose materials,
page no:175 – 177.