HS BIO 001 - TIPSHS

– ENZYMES –
- Are biological catalysts
- They speeds up the rate of chemical reactions by lowering its activation
energy
MODELS OF ENZYME ACTION
1. Lock And Key Model
- Enzymes are specific. This high specificity of enzymes can be explained by
this lock and key model.
- According to the lock and key model, enzymes will only act upon a
specific substrate.

2. Induced Fit Model

- When the active site on the enzyme makes contact with the proper
substrate, the enzyme molds itself to the shape of the molecule
- This theory of enzyme-substrate interactions has two advantages
compared to the lock and key model:
It explains how enzymes may exhibit broad specificity (e.g. lipase
can bind to a variety of lipids)
It explains how catalysis may occur (the conformational change
stresses bonds in the substrate, increasing reactivity)

ENZYME STRUCTURE
 HS BIO 001 - TIPSHS

1. Apoenzyme – an inactive enzyme

2. Co-factor – a mineral that activates the enzyme
3. Active site – the site where the substrate will bind
4. Coenzyme – a vitamin subsituent that acts as a cofactor that activates an
enzyme