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A FEASIBILITY STUDY

ON THE CONVERSION OF ILOILO CENTRAL MARKET INTO A FIVE-STOREY


MULTI PURPOSE FACILTY

Presented to the
Prof. Mario Tajanlangit
West Visayas State University
School of Graduate Studies

In Partial Fulfillment for the Course: MPG 508

PROGRAM AND PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT

By:

Giselle Anne C. Cabaobao May Rose T. Malabor


Vail Hyathiz A. Capulso Clar-J C. Maravilla
Irish Denise L. Cruz Narciso Frederick S. Maravilla
John Vincent T. Evio Mary Bituin G. Mendez
Ma. Vanessa E. Gange Christien Gerard M. Penecilla
Dhanikka G. Hualde Ma. Milagrosa A. Rabut
Christopher S. Lee Ma. Riza A. Sabidalas
IJ L. Madera Mary Pauline T. Simpas
Frenches C. Varon
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

With the booming economic


sector of Iloilo City, the
city’s public markets had
been left behind. These
public markets used to be
the center of economic
activities especially for local
traders and businessmen
who sell a wide array of
local goods. Residents from towns in the entire Iloilo Province visit these markets for their
supplies and even for trading their very own products.

However, with the onset of large grocery stores and malls, the economic activities on these
markets declined.

In the past fifteen years, these markets had been under scrutiny for lack of income and underwent
several attempts towards privatization.

Out of the seven public markets being managed by the city government, the Iloilo Central
Market is considered to be the one with record breaking losses and had been in the limelight due
to struggles between the stakeholders (market vendors, business groups and the city
government).

The Central Market has transformed from a booming business center into an eyesore and a
financial baggage for the City Government of Iloilo. With exponential losses due to several
factors, the market has been under review to undergo several schemes in order to revive from its
losses.

Iloilo Central Market is losing due to the following reasons:

1.) Pilferage on electricity and water supply

2.) Big maintenance cost due to its decaying structure

3.) Nearly half of its stalls are empty and without permanent tenants

4.) Inefficient collection of fees and charges on entrance of goods

5.) The approved market code is old and standard fees and charges are very cheap and incoherent
to present situation

6.) The area has peace and order issues, a place known to be the haven of “pick pocketers” and
snatchers

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 1
In 2015, the Iloilo Central Market was subjected to a joint venture revitalization project with the
SM group wherein the public market will be demolished and converted into a four-story
complex.

But it sparked rallies and confrontations between pro- and anti-Public Private Partnership (PPP)
parties because some stakeholders saw the project as a form of “privatization.”

In 2018, the Iloilo City Engineer’s Office (CEO) claimed that three public markets in Iloilo City
are not feasible for rehabilitation, one of which is the Iloilo Central Market.

According to CEO, the Central Market is beyond rehabilitation and needs to be totally knocked
down due to the following reasons: it has been surpassed with the modernization of its
surrounding facilities; the drainage system is not appropriate; and the building is not structurally
sound.

The Iloilo Central Market amidst these problems still remain to be the hub for local native
products, flowers, specialized paraphernalia and uniforms.

With the city’s continuous attempt to improve its economic enterprises especially the public
markets, there is pressing need to rehabilitate and redesign these facilities. Thus, the study for
the conversion of Iloilo Central Market into a five-storey multi-purpose facility has been
conceived.

This feasibility study shall answer the aforementioned issues of the old market and transform it
into a multi-purpose, highly functional and income generating facility. Its design is not only
meant to solve the public market issues but as well the lack of parking spaces in the area and the
city’s lack of venues for sports and large scale activities. However, the main purpose is to
answer the scarcity in revenue sources of the city government and recover the generated losses
from these local economic enterprises for the past years.

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II. INTRODUCTION

ILOILO CITY PROFILE

Iloilo City, officially the City of Iloilo, is a highly urbanized


city on the southeastern tip of the Panay island in the
Philippines. It is the capital city of the province of Iloilo
where it is geographically situated but, in terms of
government and administration, it is politically independent.
The word “Iloilo” came from the shape of the city, cut by
the river which looks like the shape of a nose, “Irong-Irong”, nose-like, later became Iloilo.
Other accounts point the origin of the name to a fish.

Moniker: “Most Loyal and Noble City” or “La Muy Leal Y Noble Ciudad de Iloilo” in Spanish.
This is an inscription in the Coat of Arms from the Royal Decree of 1896 in recognition of the
people’s loyalty to the Spanish crown. A replica of the Spanish Crown architectural structure can
be seen in the Arevalo District of the City.

Location and Geographical Features

The city of Iloilo is one of 16 cities found in


the Western Visayas Region (Region VI).
Located on the south western edge of Iloilo
Province on the island of Panay; Iloilo City
has a total area of 7,834 hectares.

The municipalities of Leganes and Pavia


bound the city on the northeast, the
municipalities of Pavia and San Miguel on
the northwest, and the Iloilo Strait on the
south. It is divided into six districts, where
180 barangays are situated–all of which are classified as urban.

Economic Profile

Iloilo City is the regional hub of Western Visayas (Region VI) and plays a crucial role in the
region’s socio-economic growth and development. It is also the center of the Metro Iloilo
Guimaras Economic Development Council which also helps guide urbanization across the
neighbouring municipalities of Oton, San Miguel, Sta. Barbara, Cabatuan, Leganes, Pavia, and
the Island Province of Guimaras.

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The city’s development trends and their potential are:

- Growth geared towards the northern municipalities, which are predominantly


residential and agricultural, including Pavia and Leganes, which are progressive agro-
industrial municipalities,

- Mixed uses within the city, increased buffer areas around commercial areas, on-going
real estate development, and waterfront developments.

By 2020, the City of Iloilo envisions becoming a premier city and identifies the
following priority areas for short and medium term programs and policies:

- Continuing education,
- Becoming a business friendly city,

- Low cost decent housing,


- Medical/health care and emergency services,
- Quality infrastructure,
- Crisis management,
- Healthy and sustainable environment,
- Public safety and police assistance,
- Public utilities and consumer protection,
- Good governance.

These priority areas are expected to rely on higher income from the city.

THE LOCAL ECONOMIC ENTERPRISES

Republic Act No. 7160, otherwise known as the Local Government Code of 1991 (LGC),
mandates as a primary operative principle of decentralization; the establishment of an
accountable, efficient, and dynamic organizational structure and operating mechanism in the
local government units (LGUs) that will meet the priority needs and service requirements of its
communities.

As sanctioned by the LGC, the structure and operating mechanisms may include the
establishment and operation of local economic enterprises (LEEs). As provided in Section 18 and
Section 22, local government units shall have the power and full autonomy to establish an
organization such as an economic enterprise office and exercise of proprietary functions and
management of said office for the purpose of creating new revenue sources for the efficient and
effective delivery of basic services to its constituents.

LEEs are ventures wholly or partially owned by LGUs that generate revenue/income through the
sale of services and goods to meet a perceived constituency demand.

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Section 17 of the LGC defines the basic services and facilities of the LGU. It, however, treats
public utilities and economic enterprises separately. Economic enterprises are primarily
concerned with public markets and slaughterhouses [Section 17 (b)(2)(ix)], while the rest of the
services and facilities are treated as utilities and services.

Other Economic Enterprises (OEEs)

OEEs are commercially operated establishments, which are created by the Sanggunian through
an ordinance for the purpose of improving production and delivery of marketable goods and/or
services for a specific market group. As such, they are expected to generate the bulk of their
income from the sale of goods and/or services. OEEs may include, but are not limited to:

a. public markets and shopping centers;


b. slaughterhouses, livestock trading and animal raising;
c. fish landing, ice plants and cold storage facilities;
d. post-harvest facilities (grain storage, drying, milling);
e. commercial retail and office spaces;
f. public parks, sports and recreational facilities;
g. public cemeteries;
h. local hospitals; and
i. local colleges.

Role of LEEs in LGU Development

LEEs could play critical roles in LGU development. They could:

a.) Provide wider access to quality services that is affordable to a larger segment of the LGU
population;
b.) Be a means to augment LGU revenues;
c.) Attract investors by providing key services not provided by the private sector;
d.) Deliver goods or services to promote public welfare.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

This study was purposely developed in order to achieve the following objectives:

a. To provide a proposal for the Iloilo City Government on the development of one of its public
markets

b. To support the strengthening of the city government’s generation of local resources in order to
break free from dependence on the IRA.

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c. To provide an solution to subsidiary problems along Iloilo Central Market such as the scarcity
of parking spaces and venue for other activities

d. To become financially viable and self-sustaining economic enterprise for the city government

The goals of the Iloilo Central Market as Local Economic Enterprise of the city of Iloilo is to
engage into viable, sustainable and community driven economic enterprise and develop a
commercial center where more goods and services are available to the consumers and where
commercial and other business opportunities will be enhanced.

The perspective of the proponents of this study is to foresee the future of the iconic market in the
heart of Iloilo to be self-reliant and self-sustaining through engaging in viable and stable
economic enterprises that will provide a wide range of many and productive opportunities to
uplift the socio-economic well-being of its constituents improve fiscal management and enhance
good governance.

Purpose of the Study

A Feasibility Study (FS) shall be conducted in order to determine the viability of the proposed
development of the Iloilo Central Market. The FS will help in determining whether the proposed
project is able to hurdle the criteria in determining if the proposal is the appropriate facility for
the development of Iloilo Central Market.

Generally, an FS has six (6) major components:

a. Market Situation Analysis- Establish the volume of demand and what the user-beneficiaries
“can” and are “willing” to pay in terms of a combination of “user fees and charges” and “taxes”
(the two cost recovery mechanisms for LGU projects and LEEs); Identify competing products
and services against its competitors (or find a niche for the LEE products or services).

b. Technical Analysis- Based on the magnitude and nature of the demand for the LEE output,
properly align the project scope, design, and specifications with the market situation; ensure that
the project scope, design, and specifications have no adverse environmental impact; in cases
where there are potential negative environmental effects, provide for mitigation (or
compensation) in the project design and costs.

c. Financial (Economic) Sustainability Analysis- Establish financial viability in terms of


adequate funds flow for the project cost and the subsequent annual operating and maintenance
(O&M) costs since there is adequate cost recovery and sufficient financial (economic) incentives
for the LEE; can also perform a formal but optional social benefit-cost analysis to establish the
social desirability of the LEE.

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d. Organization and Management Analysis- Identify the organizational structure and manpower
requirements needed to operate the LEE,
including positions, qualifications, and job
descriptions.

e. Socio-economic Aspect- This aspect


deals with the positive quantitative and
qualitative effects of the proposed
business to social condition and economic
situation of the country. Its main focus is
to ensure the growth and development of
the business.

f. Environmental Aspect- The purpose of


this aspect is to determine the
environmental acceptability soundness of
the project.

f. Regulatory and Other pre-operational


requirements- List down the necessary
permits, leases, licenses, insurance, and
other pre-operating requirements.

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III. MARKETING ANALYSIS

The Iloilo Central Market

Iloilo Central Market is situated at the Downtown area of the city which is bordered by Guanco -
Aldeguer - Iznart - Rizal streets. The public market building that was built during the early 20th
century uses Deco motifs. This is evident in the step lintel and post opening of the covered
walkway and the central tower, above the market’s main entrance. The tower served as the
administrative office of the market.

Balanced and symmetrical rectangular masses, juxtaposed vertical and horizontal elements &
unadorned surfaces are evident in the total composition of the building. Its design can be
attributed to the Art Deco style, with a zigurat influenced central focus.

The redevelopment of the Iloilo Central Market, a heritage building at the heart of the metro, was
first proposed in 2008 as part of the city’s central business district revitalization project.

This market area is one of the most popular and most visited areas of the city where visitors can
find numerous agricultural products, crafts, cheap wares and many more things.

The market is also considered the center for native products and materials such as bamboo
baskets, fans, bags and even dining wares carved out of bamboo shells. It is also considered as
the “dangwa” of Iloilo City wherein flowers from across the country are being sold near the main
entrance. Moreover, it is the also the venue for buyers of patches and badges and other
paraphernalia for uniformed personnel, those in the drum corps and even for organizations like
the Girl Scouts and Boy Scouts.

Moreover, visitors can find a range of small shops, workshops and stalls accumulated in one
place. Several small cafes are also squeezed right in the middle of the shops where the visitors
can enjoy a cup of coffee or tea.
Iloilo Central Market is among the nine facilities/business areas being managed by the Local
Economic Enterprise Office (LEEO) of the City Government headed by Mr. Ariel Castañeda.

The other markets are:

1.) Iloilo Terminal Public Market


2.) La Paz Market
3.) Jaro Small Market
4.) Jaro Big Market
5.) Mandurriao Public Market
6.) Arevalo Public Market

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Other facilities being managed by the LEEO are the Iloilo Slaughterhouse and the Molo Bus
Terminal.

Industry Analysis

Malls versus Public Markets

With proliferation of malls with supermarkets in 1980s which was started by SM North EDSA in
1985, Filipinos has seen the benefits of shopping in facilities that provide security and added
attractions to buyers or now commonly called shoppers.

Public markets constitute an integral part of the local economy as well as exhibiting the ethnic
image of a certain town or city, which continues to function even in growing cities such as in
Iloilo. The shopping malls have intercepted the traditional marketplace culture and are
instrumental in shifting the consumer behavior in urban areas.

The coexistence of public markets and the rise of shopping malls have been major trends of
retailing in developing countries for decades. However, the increasing emphasis on growing
cities with contemporary marketplaces has induced a shift of agglomeration format (AF) from
a marketing perspective, including the consumer preferences on routes to market. There are
some generic similarities and conceptual differences between public markets and shopping
malls. The AF-specific characteristics perceived by consumers lead to the change in consumer
behaviour towards markets’ preferences for shopping (Teller,2008).

In centrally managed and enclosed shopping centers in the retailing sector, eight underlying
factors of varying character that drive customer satisfaction are – selection of market outlet,
atmosphere, convenience, salespeople, refreshments, location, promotional activities and
merchandising policy (Anselmsson,2006).

Market Study

Based on Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) conducted on buyers (regular, intermittent), several
factors affecting choices of buyers on where to buy has been generalized. The following are
the generated data based on similar information provided by Key Informants (KIs):

a. There is extreme traffic congestion in Iloilo Central Market area especially on Aldeguer
(west wing) and Rizal Sts (east wing), which affects choice of buyers.

b. Buyers prefer the shopping malls due to availability of parking spaces. All four streets
surrounding the Iloilo Central Market had been converted into cramped parking spaces that
posed as risks since there are so many vehicles plying the area and accidents highly likely to
happen.

c. Malls provide a wide array of products while public markets focused more basic needs such as
food and items that are regularly used by households. Due to unavailability of other products,

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buyers visiting Iloilo Central Market still need to visit malls which increases cost of shopping
for consumers and affect their buying choices.

b. Shopping malls exhibit recreational attractions and modern amenities for shoppers while
street markets exert a pull through ethnic food and clothing, and are held in tradit ional settings

c. Street markets are held close to the shopping malls as well as to the residential locations
that provide convenience to the shoppers.

The data gathered shows that major concerns for consumer/buyer preferences include comfort,
availability of all products needed and convenience. Highlighted in the result is the lack of
parking spaces in Iloilo Central Market and the traffic congestion caused by vehicles parked
along the streets.

Target Market

A target market is a group of consumers or organizations most likely to buy a company’s


products or services. Because those buyers are likely to want or need a company’s offerings, it
makes the most sense for the company to focus its marketing efforts on reaching them.
Marketing to these buyers is the most effective and efficient approach.

Based on assessment the following are the identified target markets:

a. Local Buyers

Profile:

- Mostly are city dwellers

-belong to income classification of A-D

- frequents the area due to business or employment and other specific needs such as native
products, dried fishes and flowers

- usually own vehicles or motorbikes which are being utilized to visit the public market

b. Stall Owners/Owners of Neighboring Establishments

- people who are in the area on a daily basis

- have the capacity to pay the rental/leasing fees

- usually owns vehicles or motorbikes utilized for their businesses

c. Tourists

- local and foreign

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-belong to income classification of A-D

- visits the place as a heritage site

-visits the place due to presence of dried fish goods and native products

- has the buying capacity

The identification of the Target Market was based on the results of the Key Informant Interviews
(KIIs) conducted by the researchers in the area.

Market Mix

The marketing mix refers to the set of actions, or tactics, that a company uses to promote its
brand or product in the market. The 4Ps make up a typical marketing mix - Price, Product,
Promotion and Place. (https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/marketing-mix)

Products

Iloilo central Market has an edge when it comes to products due to its specificity. The west wing
facing Iloilo Grand Hotel can cater to tourists and local buyers who are looking for native
products such as but not limited to:

Bamboo products

Handmade fans

Bags made of rattan and bamboo

Accessories made of local materials

The east wing facing Gaisano or Guanco St. is home to local dried fishes and other sun-dried
products. It is also a haven for tourists and local buyers, around 35 percent of people who goes
to the market visit this area wherein some of the stands sell fresh produce (e.g. vegetables,
fishes,)

The south wing facing the University of Iloilo or Rizal St. is known to uniformed personnel and
members of marching bands, scouting groups and outdoor enthusiasts.

Price

Products in Iloilo central Market are quite higher than the Iloilo Terminal Market. Most of the
fresh produce are also taken out or commonly called “alsada” from the Terminal Market. A 15-
20 % is the usually the unregulated mark-up being made by stall owners.

A kilo of tomatoes may sell at P50.00 in Iloilo Central Market while it may be only sold at P40-
45.00 at Central Market.

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For the proposed new wet and dry market, stall owners are willing to pay for P300.00 per square
meter of monthly rental excluding bills such as electricity and water.

For the proposed parking spaces, key informants are willing to input P40-50.00 of parking fee
for a maximum of four hours or for P80.00 the entire day. Overnight parking shall require a
higher cost of P 250.00.

For the Multi-purpose hall, the minimum fee of P2, 500.00 shall be required as the area can
accommodate a maximum of 300 guests for a game of basketball.

However, products sold at the south and west wing of the market are not usually available in the
Terminal Market.

Promotion

Promotional strategy for Iloilo Central Market is not very difficult to implement. Strategies shall
focus on its historical value and the presence of unique products that have their very own market
niche.

Place

Iloilo Central Market is situated on one of busiest districts of the city. It has locational advantage
and direct access to several public utility jeepney routes.

Currently, the flower section is located almost outside the market and should be given proper
area.

Over-all Analysis

Based on the data on the utilization/sales of the spaces in the market, most revenues will come
from the parking lot sales aside from the offices and residential on the building. Parking itself in
the heart of the main city is a very lucrative business because it is the center of economic and
governmental functions. The market itself is traditionally known for local and fresh products
from the farm.

Although there are many competitive large supermarkets in big malls, the public central market
is still a place to go especially for bulk sales. The office spaces will augment the income or
revenues of the project which will amount to up to Php 183 million of the total Php 1 billion
sales income. The total for the three buildings would multiply the sales in the parking lots also to
more than three times. This is already high time for the city to have modern facility buildings as
an answer to the big commercial malls in the city that offers more expensive goods.

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IV. TECHNICAL ASPECT

With the presentation of the existing problems and market analysis, a project concept was
conceived to directly answer the current problems and concerns affecting the Iloilo Central
Market.

The proposal is the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market into a Five-Storey Multi Purpose
Facility that offers the following:

a. parking spaces

b. wet and dry market

c. multi-purpose hall

The proposed design was based on previous studies on the renovation and development of the
market as presented by Iloilo City Government and private sectors. However, the proposed
design combined all the positive features of previous concepts.

The façade of the building with


the art deco design shall be
retained due to its heritage and
historical value. The existing
building shall only undergo retro-
fitting to ensure its structural
soundness.

The façade can be enhanced


through repainting and
enhancement of its existing
design.

Most of the development shall be made on the


inner parts of the facility and the new building
for parking space at the north and west wing of
the area.

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Projects: Multi-Level Parking Bldg.
Multi-Purpose Hall With Wet & Dry Market
Rehabilitation of Main Bldg. (Façade)

Equipment/Tools:
Excavator
10 Tonner Telescope Crane
Tower Crane
Dump Trucks
Loader
Compactor
Concrete Mixer
Pump Crate
Welding Machines
Cutting Torch
Concrete Vibrator
Tank Cutter
Submergible Pumps
HandTools
PPEs

I. General Requirements: Php 9,000,000.00

A. Preparation of Plans and Documents

B. Professional Fees

1. Structural Engineer
2. Architect
3. Building Electrical Engineer
4. Sanitary Engineer
5. Professional Mechanical Engineer
6. Electronis and Communication Engineer

C. Documentation

D. Resurvey: Geodetic Engineer

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II. Cost Estimates:

A. Multi-Level Parking
1. Equipment Usage: Php 5,000,000.00
2. Structural Work: Php 53,661,472.00
Reinforcement Concrete
Steel Framing: (Wide Flange)
3. Forms & Falseworks: Php2,500,000.00
4. Earth Works: Php 4,331,556.00
Demolition
Excavation
Back Filling & Compaction
5. Roofing System: Phph 2,633,664.00
6. Plumbing with STP: Php 4,600,000.00
7. Electrical Works: Php 3,200,000.00
8. MRF (2 Units) Php 500,000.00
9. Demobilization & Mobilization: Php 3,000,000.00
SUB TOTAL: Php 79,426,692.00

10. Masonry Works: Php 2,500,000.00


11. Architectural Works: Php 2,400,000.00
SUB TOTAL: Php 84,326,692.00
Contingencies:Php 8,432,669.20

TOTAL: Php 92, 759, 361.20

B. Multi-Purpose Hall with Wet and Dry Market

1. Reinforced Concrete: Php 108,375,000.00


Concreting
Reinforcing Steel Ban
1.A. Equipment Usage: Php 4,500,000.00
2. Architectural Work Php 17,672,500.00
Painting
Tiling
Doors & Windows
Ceiling
3. Electrical Works: Php 6,500,000.00
4. Plumbing Works: Php 3,800,000.00
5. Forms & Falseworks: Php 3,500,000.00
6. Frozen/Ice Maker: Php 2,000,000.00

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7. Earthwork & Deolition Php 6,617,723.00
8. Masonry Works: Php 10,500,000.00
9. Mobilization & Demobilization: Php 3,000,000.00
10. Landscape: Php 2,000,000.00
SUB TOTAL: Php 168,465,223.00
10% Contingencies: Php 16,846,522.30

TOTAL: Php 185,311,745.30

C. Rehabilitation of Existing Building (Façade)

1. Architectural Works: Php 11,936,000.00


Painting
Ceiling
Tiling
Doors & Windows
2. Plumbing with STP Php 3,600,000.00
3. Scaffolds: Php 1,000,000.00
4. Electrical Works: Php 2,800,000.00
5. Roofing System: Php 3,000,000.00
6. Mobilization and Demobilzation Php 1, 500,000.00
SUB TOTAL: Php 23, 836, 000.00
IA. General Requirements Php 1,200,000.00
SUB TOTAL: Php 25, 036, 000.00
10% Contingencies: Php 2,503,600.00

TOTAL: Php 27, 539, 600.00

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Project Timeline
The timeline provides the definite deadlines for activities concerning the project from
conceptualization to implementation.

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A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 18
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V. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT ASPECT

Organization and Management aspect is one of the most important aspects in developing a
project. This chapter will be dealing with different process of management, organizing, staffing,
directing, and controlling. The management must plan and identify activities through human
resources, modern technologies and financial capability to be able to implement and manage the
proposed project in the City of Iloilo. This may include the basic consideration in creating an
organization, its officers and key personnel, form of ownership, organizational chart and project
timeline.

The objective of the proposed project is looking into the feasibility of the Rehabilitation of Iloilo
Central Market as a potential local economic enterprise for Iloilo City. The objective of the
development is centered first, in the improvement of both public infrastructure and utilities and
private establishments in a manner that will make the area attractive and convenient for urban
consumer market in general and secondly, to provide means to augment Iloilo City’s local
government revenues.

Organizational Set-up

The proposed redevelopment of the Iloilo Central Market will composed of four major
units or divisions:

1.Planning, Development and Monitoring Section


This unit will be heading the planning phase of the project, certifies membership in good
standing, reviews plans for compliance with guidelines and requests approval from governing
body. This section shall also be responsible in the monitoring of stall owners and the
implementation of regulations.

2.Marketing Section
This unit plans marketing strategies and manages different activities to different stakeholders
and participants, which includes the public.

3.Operations Section
This is the micro-management unit. It oversees and supervises the day-to-day requirement of
the proposed project.

4.Finance and Administrative Section


This unit will exercise the general provision and control of the overall budget and in-charge
with the accounting and internal audit of the local government unit affairs as prescribed to the
accounting and auditing standards.

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The management of the proposed project may also include the following administrative support:

a . administrative officers who are appointed by the Iloilo City local government unit to monitor
and manage the overall condition of the market and personnel

b. administrative staffs to manage the orderliness of the market

c. security personnel in securing the whole vicinity and also the vendors and consumers

d. maintenance personnel who are employed and assigned by the General Services Officer in
maintaining the mechanical, electrical and technical areas

e. utility personnel in keeping the cleanliness of the whole market facilities.

Organizational Structure

Iloilo City
Government

Local Economic
Enterprise Office (LEEO)

Planning and Marketing Operations Finance and


Development Division Division Division Administrative Division

Finance and Budget


Unit

Human Resource

General Services Unit

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 21
VI. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

Financial analysis refers to an assessment of the viability, stability and profitability of a


business, sub business or project. Financing of project needs to analyze whether or not the
intended ventures would be worth the time, effort and money. Every project must include some
financial considerations to oversee the current financial position of the institution. The proposed
Rehabilitation of Iloilo Central Market plans to build a four-storey building for the market that
includes the parking lot, new market stall and renovation of the existing stall. This would require
big investments which financial goal is self-sustaining. It also needs to consider objectives such
as ensuring the monetary resources and to make accurate estimated cost of the project.

The total estimated cost of the project would be Php300 million pesos for the rehabilitation and
renovation of the public market.

This chapter discusses the financial aspects of the feasibility study to determine whether the
proposed project for the rehabilitation of the Iloilo Central Market will remain profitable and
could stand in a long run through the existence of different factors including different economic
conditions.

The researchers projected a 5-year financial statement for the proposed rehabilitation of the
Central Market. Statement of Cash Flows was prepared with projected annual operating results
from the year the rehabilitation is done until the fifth year, when revenues and expenditures have
become stable in a long term.

The proposed rehabilitation projected operating losses in the first years it is done combined with
the total cost of the project would project required sources of funding to support and sustain the
project.

Considering the net operating income of the public market for the past three years, the local
government unit (LGU) of Iloilo City will be likely the one who will finance the project since
this has been increasing significantly profitable every year as shown in Table 1 and Table 2. A
positive Net Operating Income (NOI) would show that revenues can be used as reserves,
repayment for the financing sources and other purposes.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 22
Table 1: Summary of the Statement of Collections and Expenditures of Iloilo City Market, 2015-
2017

Table 2: Statement of Collections and Expenditures of Iloilo City Central Market, January-June
2018

Project Cost Summary

Table 3 shows the total estimated cost of the project that will be able to determine how
much budget will be consumed from the start of the implementation of the project.

Total Project Cost: Php 300 million


Estimated Cost:
 Tools and Equipment:
 Materials and Supplies:
 Labor:
 Overhead:
 Others:
Soft Financing Cost:
Total

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 23
A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 24
VII. ECONOMIC ASPECT

Economic Analysis related to investment projects is one of the most important aspects of a
feasibility study. Economic analysis is part of a more complex analysis, named cost-benefit
analysis and this is basically required to all major investment project to determine if an
investment or decision is sound; verifying whether its benefits outweigh the costs, and by how
much as well as to provide a basis for comparing investments or decisions – comparing the total
expected cost of each option against their total expected benefits. Hence, the following report are
some considerations to support the economic feasibility of Iloilo Central Market as a propose
Local Economic Enterprise in Iloilo City.

Economic feasibility for the purposes of this analysis will be defined as comparative analysis of
one potential scenario of anticipated costs of implementation versus the resulting revenues
expected from the project.

General Assumptions
1. Economic Feasibility Cash Flow
The economic feasibility cash flow has been created to identify the amount of discretion any
resources available to fund the proposed project services, future programs, salaries and other
administrative cost.

a) The revenue source identified for the proposed project includes, potential income from fees
and other charges anchored on the updated Market Code of Iloilo such as the rentals, etc.
No other funding source have been identified or assumed for the purpose of this study. A
6.70% inflationary increase has been assumed in the projection of the costs shown.

b) It is further assumed that potential staff members of the proposed project would be
individuals who qualify the selection process of the Iloilo City Government and the
aforesaid entity shall be responsible for the payment of their salaries. This is accounted for
in employment costs.

Estimated Total Project Costs

A determination of economic feasibility requires an identification of the potential costs


associated with the development of the proposed project. The estimated total costs for the first
year proposed LEE would be P300, 000,000 and the significant part of that total cost comes from
the construction followed by labor costs and other administrative cost such as preparing of the
program of works, etc.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 25
Estimated Total Earnings

The majority of the proposed LEE revenue could potentially come from sales rom market stalls
and other fees and charges that may be charge stipulated on the Market Code of Iloilo City. This
is also why proposed project would potentially need staff members, office supplies, computer
equipment, marketing and other administrative costs.

Cost Benefit Analysis

Discount Value Nominal 12.00% (assumption)


Real 4.97%
Inflation Rate
as of
September
2018 6.70%
COST YEAR
0 1 2 3 4 5
Operations
Building
Equipment
Total Costs
Discounted Value
(12%) 1.00 0.89 0.80 0.71 0.64 0.57
Present Value
NPV
BENEFITS
Tangible
Intangible
Total Benefits
Discounted Value
(12%) 1.00 0.89 0.80 0.71 0.64 0.57

With the comparison of both NPV on Cost and Benefit, it may further assume that the
establishment of proposed project would provide an average increase yearly income of P3, 600,
000.00 for Iloilo City for 5-year period.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 26
VIII. SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT

One of the important things to consider in this project is the physical and environmental elements
contributed to the adverse effect to the environment.

Since the location of the project is not declared as environmental critical area, there is no need to
conduct examination impact assessment.

During the construction phase the project consider the effect of the construction materials to the
environment and to the people around. The project follows the strict rules and regulation
provided by the City Engineering Office and by the Environment Management Bureau since it
needs excavation during construction for the possible effect to the environment to the people as
well.

The project also follows the proper waste disposal of construction materials according to the
rules and regulations of the City Health Office in accordance to the sanitation code of Iloilo City
on proper waste disposal. Environmental scanning was conducted based on checklist prepared by
NEDA were conducted to identify the significant impact of the project as a whole.

NATURE & SIGNIFICANCE OF LIKELY IMPACT


ADVERSE NONE BENEFECIAL
ELEMENTS * low
** medium
*** high
PHYSICAL
Surface Water *
Ground Water *
Soil *
Landscape/topography *
River/natural drainage
BIOLOGICAL
Aquatic ecosystem
Terrestrial wildlife
Biodiversity (endangered species)
SOCIO-ECONOMIC
Traditional Fishery
Traditional Agriculture
Employment Opportunities X
Resettlement
Land Transportation X
Workers Health *

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 26
To maintain the cleanliness of the area several orientations and information dissemination were
conducted to increase the awareness of the tenants and workers the importance of cleanliness in
the vicinity. In accordance to the Sanitation code of Philippines, during the operation on the
project, Material Recovery Facility is installed in the vicinity to observe the proper wastes
disposal like the proper segregation of waste from biodegradable to non-biodegradable and the
observance of timely and proper collection of garbage. Air bent is also installed to minimize the
air pollution exhausted by vehicles coming in and out in the vicinity especially in the parking
area. Proper waste water disposal is also observed to prevent the possible contamination to the
ground and surface water by constructing waste water treatment and drainage system.

SOCIAL ASPECT

This Chapter includes the Social Impact Analysis on the proposed conversion of Iloilo Central
Market into a Multi-purpose facility.

Public market has many definitions and implies many different structures, processes and
activities. A public market has traditionally been represented as a civic owned and operated
facility or “space” where vendors sell fresh food from open stalls. While some public markets
still emulate this definition, public markets now come in many shapes and settings, offer a wide
diversity of different products and experiences; and are owned and operated by various types of
organizations. This diversity of structure makes them adaptable to communities and locations
with vastly differing characteristics fostering a renewed interest in their application and potential.
That being said there are certain common characteristics of all public markets , most notably:

1. Public markets generally have public goals with a local purpose in mind such as attracting
shoppers to a downtown or neighborhood commercial district; promoting/preserving farming in
the region; promoting local entrepreneurs; revitalizing a local area or neighborhood and so
forth.8

2. Second, public markets are often utilized to create a safe, inviting public space in the
community; a place where local citizens can interact easily, and a setting where other community
activities can take place.

3. Thirdly, public markets are usually comprised of locally owned and operated enterprises.

Iloilo Central Market has been a place to visit for many people when you are planning to buy
agricultural products, crafts, and cheap wares to name a few. The variety of products and
services were really cheaper compared to prizes in malls because it came direct from the source.
But over time consumers has evolved and there were several factors they consider before they
patronize a product or service. Nowadays they are buying not just for the prize but also
considering the cleanliness of the area, ambiance of the store, security of their vehicle, and
parking space to name some factors. This project aims not just for the profitability of the Iloilo

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 27
Central Market vendors but also for the satisfying experience of the consumers when they choose
to visit the area.

Iloilo Central Market’s location which is bordered by Guanco - Aldeguer - Iznart - Rizal streets
was adjacent to several business establishments and schools. It gives us a picture of a busy place
with traffic and people traversing on their errands from one place to another. Also add up to this
is that the place has no proper parking spaces and if they have so, it is limited only in front of
their establishments. Side streets were used as parking spaces which saturates the streets for the
passing vehicles. This situation gives the researchers the idea of incorporating a multi-story
parking space in the plan. Parking is a key to the Public Market’s success. Customers must feel
that parking is easy, safe and convenient, and there must be adequate parking to meet peak
demands, which will likely occur during holiday periods and on Saturdays during peak harvest
periods.

To estimate parking demand, total expected retail and restaurant sales was
input into a formula that looks at sales volume distribution during a typical week, and factors in
average sales, the likely percentage of customers who will drive to the site, and average duration
of stay (among other factors). The highest demand will likely be on Saturdays followed by
Sundays. Assuming a P300.00 per customer average sales and a one hour average stay on
weekends and 45 minutes during the week, the Public Market will need to provide around 200
parking spaces for customers on Saturdays and 150 parking spaces during the week. Demand
could be even greater if the market is very successful and parking demand will spike during
holiday periods. In addition, parking will be needed for business owners and their employees, as
well as market management staff.

In this certain project the researchers consider the business’ social impact in the community,
especially in the business environment along the Iloilo Central Market.

 Improved Service
Delivery
 Sense of Satisfaction
Consumers

Vendors
Association

Iloilo City
Government

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 28
In order for this project to commence and for its smooth implementation, we need to layout the
plans to all the parties may be affected, directly or indirectly. A consultative meeting with the
stakeholders will be in place. We will make sure no will be left behind, every concern will be
acknowledged and we will make a consensus agreement to both parties. There will be designated
focal person whom serve as the mitigation officer when a certain circumstances may happen.
According to the implementation plan, this project will take off phase by phase. The number of
vendors (actual number) that will be displaced in the phase 1 will be given assistance. They will
be transfer in temporary location. Given the success of the first phase, the succeeding phases will
follow the implantation plan.

Public markets provide the venue in which local government can satisfy the need for public
space, the essential prerequisite to social integration. The environment in which social
integration is maximized normally accrues with a public market that has “something extra.” That
is, the market must have an attractor beyond its role as a place to buy goods. For example, the
typical response to the question, “With whom do you usually visit the market,” when an analysis
of public market attendance was investigated showed that in those that were felt to facilitate
social integration most significantly the response “family” and “friends” was the highest-ranking.

Public markets contribute to community character and livability by reinvigorating or revitalizing


downtowns and neighborhoods; increasing the interaction between rural and urban areas (a little
bit of country in the city); and by bringing together a diverse variety of demographic cohorts,
cultures and interests.

With today’s almost overwhelming preoccupation with health and nutrition, public markets play
an important role in a community. Local products, especially produce, are generally sourced at
the peak of the season and normally presented to the market place within 24 hours. This means
consumers are buying fresh, highly nutritious products. With a growing emphasis toward
buying more organic products coupled with the popularity of the”100 mile diet”, public markets
play an especially important role by supporting/allowing for the participation of small organic
producers and ensuring a product’s origin is local.

Public markets provide the opportunity to showcase the uniqueness of the community. In
smaller communities the public market is often the community image and identity. Public
markets are a visible and operational reflection of the community in which they operate.
Properly leveraged this showcasing can foster substantive community pride and engagement
beyond the activities of the public market.

Public markets by drawing a consistent number of local and non local visitors every year
represent a vibrant anchor for community activity. Various studies of public markets suggest
that when pedestrian traffic counts are significant these levels of patronage have spillover effects
to external retailers, hotels, entertainment venues and other businesses within close proximity.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 29
(Public Market Feasibility Study And Business Plan, Lochaven Management Consultants,
October 2011)

The level of Community support for the project must be strong and unwavering in the
development process. Building community support for a public market is a critical first step
toward this goal. But on the other hand, the selection of who will manage and control the public
market has to be a proper fit. History shows that many of the markets that underperform or do
not become self-sustaining are a result of mismanagement. It must be clear that although the
business is a social enterprise it is still in fact an enterprise.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 30
IX. APPRAISAL ANALYSIS

Market Appraisal

This project will definitely answer not only one but two or more problems in the city. The city
government will not only gain more income but also provides a convenient place to buy wet and
dry goods. Iloilo Central Market is one of the major market here in the city. This facility is like a
one stop shop which provides goods, services and parking spaces for the consumers and buyers.
The project is high cost, but expense is worth compared to the benefit and convenience to the
city and the ilonggos. Consumers/buyers prefer a market that is convenient for them but will
lesser prices compared to the malls. City Government will just formulate policies that will
regulate the proper management of the market.

Technical Analysis

When it comes to the location, there is already an existing market. Renovation and new
improvement is being introduced. What makes this more viable is the four (4) storey building for
parking area that will be provided. Separate floor for the wet and dry goods. Will utilized spaces
and designation of area including waste disposal sites. The Plans and Lay-outs of the building
and the Parking Area is well planned. Overall technical evaluation of the project is excellent.

Economic Appraisal

When it comes to economic appraisal, a very good investment in the part of the city government.
It will both benefit the government and the consumers. Although in the previous report, there is a
resistance in the part of the vendors but it is quite manageable. Proper training and education for
them to understand the benefit that them in the future will surely change their minds. With our
present national goal, it supports the build build build project of the present administration. It
will also increase employment rate among Ilonggos. And the most important is, it will solve
problems in traffic in areas that surrounds the project.

Environmental Appraisal

The impact of the project on the sanitation of the Market is very good. It will regulate the proper
ways of waste management. Clean market surroundings will produce clean goods and will
encourage consumers. There is no major activity that can damage our environment.

Financial Appraisal

No appraisal done, no reference data.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 31
X. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION MONITORING AND EVALUATION

The project is efficient and effective with regards to its development for the City of Iloilo. The
Iloilo Central Market already developed its potential towards business trade and if the project is
implemented, more improvements will be introduced and new establishments will be created ans
will provide more convenience to the vendors and customers. The comfort and convenience is
beneficial to the people through new innovations on technology for great facilities of the Iloilo
Central Market.The project has substantial contribution towards the development for a better
future of our city. The City of Iloilo is now the center of economic and trade agricultural
products coming from different municipalities of the province of Iloilo. Iloilo Central Market is a
highly progressive market in the city which attracts more investors and foreigners to invest much
money for business purposes. The improvement of the livelihood of the vendors and the market
stalls contributes to a lot of money through payment of business tax to the City Treasurer’s
Office. The new planned building has great facilities a flood free market with new circulation
pathway for vendors and customers can move freely.

Project monitoring and evaluation of a project is from 6 months to one year of its operation. The
Iloilo Central Market is a highly developed market, a well established market stalls, a flood free
market with more investors and visitors. Our beloved City of Iloilo will become more
competitive in the world of business with highly developed infrastructures which are more
beneficial to our City. If this project is implemented, more business investments are established
and the creation of more jobs for the people of the city of Iloilo.

Implementation Strategies

The implementation matrix below shows how the objectives set out in chapter one of this project
will be achieved through the designs proposed in this chapter. The various actors to be involved
as well as implementation and timelines are also indicated.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 32
A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 33
A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 34
The project cycle

Inception

Design

Approval

Tendering

Construction

Commissioning and
occupation

Management

Redevelopment/Renewal

The table below shows the implementation schedule to be used for the project. The schedule
defines the duration and the timing of the key milestones to be achieved in the project.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 35
Implementation Schedule

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 36
A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 37
MONITORING AND EVALUATION

Monitoring and Evaluation Stages in the Implementation of Project

The Monitoring and evaluation is to be done throughout the project. The stages through which this will be done are as follows:

Project Monitoring and Evaluation Framework in Implementation stage

Stages Expected Indicators Baseline Target Means of Actors Resources


outputs and Status monitoring responsible needed
outcomes and
evaluation

Inception: -EIA reports The levels of -Minimal Assessing the Environmental -Funds,
Environmental Impact with guidelines achievement of damage on the expected Experts consultation
to mitigate the environment by environmental (consultants) fees. -
Assessments of different adverse environmental the development status against Human
implementation projects environmental standards set projects. the approved - Iloilo City resource
impacts of both locally standards Government (Expatriates)
projects and globally. -determination both locally (department of -Time
of the viability and globally health and
- Limited of the project environment)
environmental
damage by the
project

Design: -estimation of -Completed -The -materials and -Assessing -Architect and Funds

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 38
Developing stalls, store, building costs; - design existing finishes to be the viability - Engineer (consultation
paved circulation paths actual location showing stalls are used in of the consultants fees and
and storm sewer designs of various detailed project congested construction. Completed other fees
component of component while design. -Planners for
the project. including circulation - stalls designs application
that conform to -Assessing -Iloilo City
scale. paths are Government for
-proper stalls, overcrowd the: needs of the the level of development
store, -The level of vendors; the design’s (market
ed section permission)
circulation paths adequacy of minimum conformity to
and storm sewer stalls, design standards national (LEEO) and - Human
designs. circulation and; legal and policy goals, city planning resource
paths and policy planning department. (Expatriates)
-Mitigation of storm sewer framework. standards and -Time
adverse effects designed. zoning
of the project. - storm sewer regulations of
-The level of that will ensure the project
efficiency and no flooding of area
comfort of the the market
proposed and/or
spatial aspects circulation paths
designed
-circulation
paths that will
ensure free
movement
around the
market.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 39
Plan approval -An approved Level of No plan A design that -Assessing - Iloilo City -Time -
design plan for improvement exists for will enhance the quantity Government Human
the project in space the area proper provision of stock resource
(stalls design, adequacy in and so of adequate displayed by - LEEO
design of the approved there is spaces for the vendors -Iloilo City
pavement of design. lack of business on stalls. Council,
circulation paths coordinati premises and committee in
and storm on circulation paths -Assessing
the level of charge of
sewer) -Guided between markets.
developments activities the design’s
spaces conformity to
(there national
exist policy goals,
laissez planning
faire style standards and
of zoning
operation) regulations of
the project
area

Notification of stall -Adequate land The amount of Where the Redeveloping -Evaluating - Iloilo City - Human
owners about the for all area available market is all the existing the amount of Government resource
intention for development. for located stalls. land acquired (market
redevelopment and development against the section LEEO -Time
expansion of existing -stakeholders - land land required. and city
stalls and circulation corporation belongs to planning
paths during Iloilo City department)
implementation Governme
nt.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 40
Relocation of vendors -created space -no vendor -prevention of Putting notice -contractor -funds for
on the site. for construction. operating on injuries during about the relocation -
the site construction ongoing -Iloilo City space/site
construction Government, - for
or soon to be -LEEO relocation
started (Market
construction Section)
work

Advertising and later -Presence of all The adequacy -Evaluating -Iloilo City Funds (to
awarding tender to the the material and of resources the cost of Finance and purchase
successful constructor human and resources procurement required
resources competence of from various Units. facilities,
required for the the contractors bidders materials
construction of against the -Iloilo City and
the project. project’s Executive equipment
financial Committee and to pay
budget - Iloilo City contractors )
Council - Human
finance resource (to
-Assessing committee undertake
the the
qualifications procurement
of contractors process)

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 41
Actual Construction -sufficient Level of actual There is -improve Ensuring that - Contractors -Funds
spacious stalls, improvement lack of livelihood of the awarded
made. coordinati vendors, developments tender - Human
-decongested on enhance comfort are in resource
circulation between ability. accordance -Iloilo City
paths, government -Various
activity with the building
spaces. provisions of (market
-flood free section & city construction
market. the plan. materials &
planning dept)
equipment

Commissioning and -many vendors -Quantity of - Fewer -optimal -Assessing -Health -Human
Occupation acquiring stalls products number of utilization of the Quantity of Office: resource
displayed by vendors stall by vendors products (inspections,
-Good vendors on with stalls displayed by issuance of -Finances
environment for stalls. -number vendors occupation
market users of vendors and sanitation
with stalls -evaluating certificate).
- comfort number of
compared to
before vendors with -Iloilo City
stalls Government,
compared to Market
before Section

Management -repair of any - frequent -Post occupancy -user -Iloilo City -funds
defects Monitoring for Evaluation satisfaction Government,
defects. surveys. LEEO Market -human
Section resource,
time

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 42
Redevelopment accommodation -Aging stalls, -address -observing the -City -funds -time
/Renewal of changes storm sewer diminishing nature and Government,
channels and performance status of the LEEO Market
pavements on structures. Section & city
paths. planning dept

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 43
Guidelines for the Implementation Process

The implementation process will be guided by the following:

1. The Iloilo City Government LEEO Market Section unit in conjunction with the Iloilo City
Council Market Committee and Iloilo City Planning Department shall be responsible for and
approval of any developments in the area including the ones provided for in this project/plan.

2. All developments in the project area shall be according to the Iloilo City Development Plan
and Sectoral plans.

3. The community members and market vendors and other users will be involved in any decision
making by the City government or other developers in the area.

4. Provision of infrastructure services (storm water sewer and paved circulation paths) shall
precede all other developments and will include well marked circulation path.

5. Environmental protection shall be a core responsibility of everyone and everybody will work
towards such goals as to reduce environmental pollution.

6. No structure shall be constructed outside the limits of the project area unless it is deemed by
the City Government that such adds value or is compatible with other uses.

7. No activities shall be allowed in the areas designated as access streets (entry/exit to the site)
within the project area.

8. No developments shall be allowed into the road reserves whatsoever.

9. The provision of the public health act, as to the safety of persons and the environment will be
adhered to by any form of development and the persons involved.

10. Coordination of activities of different institutions implementing any project in the area will
be mandatory.

A Feasibility Study on the Conversion of Iloilo Central Market Into a Multi-Purpose Facility 44

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