Level I Questions Ultrasonic Testing Method Of the following sound wave modes, which one has uuhiple or varying wave velocities? longitudinal waves, b. shear waves ©. transverse waves <4. Lamb waves ras ‘Which of the following would be considered application(s) of ultrasonic techniques? ‘8 determination of a material's elastic modulus ». study of a material's metallurgical structure . measurement of a material's thickness all of the above ~ RaB2 ‘The only significant sound wave mode that will travel through a liquid is: 1. shear ©. longitudinal . surface 4. Rayleigh Fas ‘The acoustic impedance of a material is used to determine the: 1. angle of refraction at an interface b. attenuation within the material .. relative amounts of sound energy coupled through and reflected at an interface 4. beam spread within the material F432 ‘When angle beam contact testing a test piece, increasing the incident angle until the second critical angle is reached results in: ‘total reflection of a surface wave i. 45° refraction ofthe shear wave ©. production of a surface wave 4. note of the above 6 10. ‘Acoumic energy propagates indifferent modes. ‘Which ofthe fllowing representa mode? 12 longitudinal wave. bi. shear wave ©. surface wave all of the sbove B25 ‘The simple experiment where a stick in a glass of ‘water appears dsjoimed at the water surface illustrates the phenomenon of: Hi I ‘The crystal thickness and transducer frequency are related. The thinner the erystal: 1 the lower the frequency be the higher the frequency . there is no appreciable affect . none of the above H3% ‘The random distribution of crystallographic direction in alloys with large crystallin structures is a factor in ‘2 acoustic noise levels '. selection of test frequency . scattering of sound 4. all of the above Fusé ‘The length ofthe zone adjacent to a transducer in Which fluctuations in sound pressure occur is mostly affected by: a. the frequency ofthe transducer ©. the diameter of the ransducer «the length of transducer cable <. both aand b(Utrasonic Testing Method, Level IT 2, 13. 4 ‘The differences in signals received from identical reflectors at different material distances from a tranadocer may be caused by: ‘2, material atentation '. beam divergence . near field effects 4. all ofthe above Dss It is possible for a discontinuity smaller than the transducer to produce indications of fluctuating, amplitade asthe search unit is moved laterally if testing is being performed in the: ‘a Fraunhofer zone . near field . Shell field 4. shadow zone In immersion testing the near field effocts of a transducer may be eliminated by: ‘, increasing transducer frequency '. using a larger diameter transducer ‘©. using an appropriate water path using afocused transducer Faas In Figure 1, assuming a uniform beam pater, what relationship would you expect exist berween the “amplitudes ofthe reflected laminar signals at positions A and B? 8. 126B difference , equal amplitudes ©2101 4.3001 15, 16. 7. 18, 19. In the far field of a uniform ultrasonic bear, soumdl intensity is. the beam centerline. © minimam at ©. maximum at © ‘maximum toughout twice che angle (sia Tf where C is acoustic velocity, Dis crystal and fis frequency at 4. not related to orientation of DAT, SAD Which ofthe following may result in along rod if the beam divergence results in a reflection fromm {ide ofthe test piece before the sound wave reaches. the back surface? ‘2 multiple indications before the first back reflection '. indications from multiple surface reflections ‘. conversion from the longitudinal mode to shear mode 4, loss of front surface indications HL» ‘Where does beam divergence occur? a. near field b. farfield ©, atthe crystal <. none of the above. se ‘As frequency increases in ultrasonic testing, the ample ‘of beam divergence ofa given diameter crystal: ‘8 decreases be, remains unchanged «increases 4. varies uniformly through each wavelength H231 ‘As the radius of curvature of a curved lens it increased, the focal length of the lens will:a, ‘When examining materials for planar flaws oriented 26. parallel to the pat surface, what testing method is ‘most often used? ‘2 angle beam b. through-transmission ¢. straight beam 4. dual crystal is fx contact angle beam transducer produces a 45° shear wave in ste, the angle produced by the same ‘transducer in an aluminum specimen would be: (VS__,= 0323 cus; V,, = 0.310 cm/s) 1. ess than 45° ©. greater than 45° © 45° 4. unknown: more information is required HI . Rayleigh waves are inffuenced most by defects cated: 1. close to oF on the surface . I wavelength below the surface ¢. 3 wavelengths below the surface 4. 6 wavelengths below the surface Kas ‘The akrasonic test method in which finger damping is ‘most effective in locating a discontinuity is 4. shear wave ». longitudinal wave «. surface wave 4. compressional wave RASA; 12-32 J. Lamb waves can be used to detect: ‘2. laminar-type defects near the surface ofa thin material lack of fusion inthe center of a thick weldment €. internal voids in diffusion bonds 4. thickness changes in heavy plate material Pasa ‘The ratio ofthe velocity of sound in water compared to that for aluminum or steel is approximately: aese Bors A218 2. Ttrasonic Testing Method, Level ft ‘Which ofthe following scanning methods could be classified as an imnersion type test? ‘2. tank in which the search unit and test pioce ae immersed . squirter bubbler method in which the sound is ‘ransmined in a column of flowing water . scanning with a wheel-type search unit with the transducer inside a liquid filled tire 4. all ofthe above 1288-259 nan immersion test ofa piece of see! or aluminum, the water distance appears on the display as a fairly ‘wide space between the initial pulse and the front surface reflection because of: 1. reduced velocity of sound in water as compared to test specimen ». increased velocity of sound in wate as compared to test specimen «. temperature of the water allot the above + BAS EUS Using the immersion method, a distance amplitude curve (DAC) for #19 mm (0.75 in) diameter, SME search unit shows the high point ofthe DAC at the BBYS1 mm (2 in) block. One day later, the high point ‘of the DAC forthe same search unit is atthe {3/162 mm (6in.) block. Assuming that calibration FAAIS ‘What law can be ased to calculate the angle of ‘refraction within a metal for both longitadinal and ‘shear waves? 1& Poisson's ratio law b. Snell's law . Fresnel’ field law <. Charles" law FASO At an interface between two different materials, an impedance difference results in: 1 reflection ofthe entire incident energy she . absorption of sound €. division of sound energy into transmitted and reflected modes 4. none of the sbove Pass