WAVE MOTION

• The process of Transmission for propagation of disturbance in the

medium is called wave motion

• It is originated from a point and from its originality it travels in all the
directions

• Energy is transmitted from one place to another place in the form of

wave
 TYPES OF WAVES

1.Mechanical waves
2.Non mechanical waves or electromagnetic waves
 1. MECHANICAL WAVES
• Mechanical waves are those waves which need a materialistic elastic
medium solid, liquid and gas for its propagation.

• These ways do not propagate in vacuum.

• For the propagation of mechanical waves two essential features are

needed which are “Elasticity and Inertia”.
 TYPES OF MECHANICAL WAVES

A.Transverse waves
B. Longitudinal wave
 A. TRANSVERSE WAVES
• Transfers waves are those waves which propagate in
perpendicular direction of vibrating particles of the medium.

• These waves only propagated in solid medium although the waves

which are obtained at the upper surface of liquid are also
transverse waves.

• Due to lack of rigidity these waves do not propagate in gaseous

medium.

• These waves propagate in the form of crest and trough.

 EXAMPLES OF TRANSVERSE WAVES
• Water waves
• Light waves
• S-wave earthquake waves
• Stringed instruments
• Torsion wave
 B. LONGITUDINAL WAVES
• Longitudinal waves are those waves which propagate In the parallel
direction of vibrating particles of the medium.

• These waves propagate in all the three medium solid, liquid and
gas.

• These waves propagate in the form of compression and rare

fraction.

• Examples- P-type Earthquake waves, Spring, Sound waves.

 2. NON MECHANICAL WAVES

• Non mechanical waves are those waves which do not required any
materialistic elastic medium for its propagation.

• These waves can also travel in vacuum.

• Examples- Radio waves, X-rays, Beta rays, Gamma rays.

 TERMS RELATED TO WAVES
• Amplitude – Amplitude is the height of the wave, usually measured
in meters. Amplitude is directly related to the amount of energy
carried by a wave.
 TERMS RELATED TO WAVES

• Wavelength – The distance between identical points in the adjacent

cycles or crests/trough of a wave is called wavelength. It is also
measured in meters.
 TERMS RELATED TO WAVES

• Period – The period of a wave is the time for a particle on a medium

to make one complete vibrational cycle. As the period is a time,
hence is measured in units of time such as seconds or minutes.
 TERMS RELATED TO WAVES
• Frequency – Frequency of a wave is the number of waves passing a
point in a certain time.
The unit of frequency is hertz (Hz) which is equal to one wave per
second.
The period is the reciprocal of the frequency and vice versa.
 TERMS RELATED TO WAVES

• Wave speed(v)= frequency(f) X wavelength

Q1. Water waves and sound waves are examples of

a) transverse waves
b) longitudinal waves
c) mechanical waves
d) electromagnetic waves
Q2. Energy can be transferred from one place to
another through
a) linear motion
b) circular motion
c) force
d) waves
Q3. Waves which require medium for propagation
are
a) electromagnetic
b) mechanical
c) transverse
d) longitudinal
Q4. X-ray waves, television waves and radio waves
are examples of
a) mechanical waves
b) transverse waves
c) longitudinal waves
d) electromagnetic waves
Q5. An astronaut can’t hear his companion at the
surface of the moon because
a) Produced frequencies are above the radio frequencies
b) There is no medium for sound propagation
c) Temperature is too low during night and too high during day moon
d) Nota
Q6. Elastic waves in a solid are
a) Only transverse
b) Only longitudinal
c) Either transverse or longitudinal
d) Neither transverse nor longitudinal
Q7. Transverse waves can propagate
(a) In a gas but not in a metal

(b) In a metal but not in gas

(c) Neither in a gas nor in a metal

(d) Either in a gas or in a metal

Q8. Transverse waves can travel through

(a) Air, water and a copper wire

(b) Air and copper wire but not through water

(c) A copper wire but not through air and water

(d) Water but not through air and a copper wire

Q9. A wave is made up of
a)air molecules
b)vibrations
c) periodic motions
d)oscillations
Q10. When we decrease wavelength frequency
a) increases
b) decreases
c) remains same
d) may increase or decrease
Q11. Height of crest or depth of trough from center
is called
a) wave distance
b) wavelength
c) phase length
d) amplitude
Q12. Light wave is a example of
a) transverse waves
b) longitudinal waves
c) both transverse and longitudinal waves
d) none of the waves
Q13. Direction of waves is perpendicular to
direction of vibration in
a) transverse waves
b) longitudinal waves
c) both transverse and longitudinal waves
d) none of the waves
Q14. Direction of waves is parallel to direction of
vibration in
a) transverse waves
b) longitudinal waves
c) both transverse and longitudinal waves
d) none of the waves
Q15. A source of any wave is

a) Rotation
b) Oscillation
c) Energy
d) Force
Q16. Ups and downs in longitudinal waves are
termed as
a) compression and rarefaction
b) crests and rarefactions
c) compressions and troughs
d) crests and troughs
Q17. Ups and downs in Transverse waves are
termed as

a) compression and rarefaction

b) crests and rarefactions
c) compressions and troughs
d) crests and troughs
Q18. Motion that is repeated at regular intervals is
termed as
a) Vibration
b) Oscillation
c) Ventilation
d) Periodic motion
Q19. Wave motion in a medium transfers
a) energy only
b) neither mass nor energy
c) mass only
d) both mass and energy
Q20. As the frequency of a wave increases, the
period of that wave
a) remains the same
b) Increases
c) Decreases
d) Nota