CHAPTER 01:-INTRODUCTION

Introduction Of Project Team Member :-

 SunasaraIshabhaiHabibbhai(180613106015)
SunasaraIshabhaiHabibbhai.isfinishedhisDiplomain2018.Heispassed his diplomain civil engineering from
Government Polytechnic palanpur (G.TU.).Heis passedwithdistinction9.26. He then got admission in
Government Engineering College, Palanpur

 PrajapatiLilabhaiSomabhai(180613106011)
PrajapatiLilabhaiSomabhaiisfinishedhisDiploma in 2018.He is passed hisdiplomain
civilengineeringfromGovernmentPolytechnic palanpur (G.T.U.). Heis passed withdistinction 9.31. He then
got admission in Government Engineering College, Palanpur

 Parmar jinal champaklal (180613106008)

Parmarjinalchampaklal isfinishedhisDiploma in 2018.He is passed hisdiplomain
civilengineeringfromGovernmentPolytechnic palanpur (G.T.U.). Heis passed withdistinction 8.15. He then
got admission in Government Engineering College, Palanpur

 Chaudhary UrvashibenRajeshbhai(180613106002),
Chaudhary UrvashibenRajeshbhaiisfinishedhisDiploma in 2018.He is passed hisdiplomain
civilengineeringfromGovernmentPolytechnic palanpur(G.T.U.). Heis passed withfirst class6.90. He then got
admission in Government Engineering College, Palanpur

 VrajGautamThaker (170614106003)
VrajGautamThakerisfinishedhisgecbhujin 2018-19. Heis passedwith first class5.6. He then got admission
in Government Engineering College, Palanpur from gecbhuj.

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 1P a g e

 CHAPTER:- 1 INTRODUCTION TO BOX CULVERT

 What is a box culvert bridge?

- A culvert is a structure that allows water to flow under a road, railroad, trail, or similar
obstruction from one side to the other side. ... A culvert may be a bridge-like structure designed to
allow vehicle or pedestrian traffic to cross over the waterway while allowing adequate passage for
the water.
 What is box culvert ?
- A box culvert is cast-in-place or pre-cast reinforced concrete and has a box shape that is
located under the embankment to drain water from one side of the road to the other.

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 2P a g e

 What is design thinking about box culvert –

- Concrete Box Culverts. ... Concrete box culverts are a proven solution for unusual load
conditions, space limitations, or specific waterway requirements. Our precast culverts are faster,
safer, and easier to install than cast-in-place systems withstanding poor field or weather
conditions.design thinking is generally defined as an analytic and creative process that engages a
person in opportunities to experiment, create and prototype models, gather feedback , and redesign.
several characteristics ( e.g., visualization, creativity ) that a good design thinker should possess have
been identified from the literature. design thinking of methodology used by designer to solve the
complex problem and desirable solution of clients. a design mindset is the not problem focused, its
solution focused & action oriented its involves both analysis and imagination.

- Construction or installation at a culvert site generally results in disturbance of the site's

soil, stream banks, or stream bed, and can result in the occurrence of unwanted problems such
as scour holes or slumping of banks adjacent to the culvert structure.

 Description Of Box Culvert :-

 Domail Name :- Toward Standardization Of Minor Bridge (Box Culvert)

 Site Location :- Moliya (Ikbalgadh

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 3P a g e

 GENERAL PERAMETERS :-

- These culverts are preferred for construction, especially in loose soil condition, and for a
larger span. These can be used for a single span of 3 m or for a double span of 6 m width. Practically,
it has been found that the box culverts are not economical, when span width exceeds 6 in. The
thickness of R.C.C slab should be kept within the range of 1.25 to 2.5 m. These culverts are
constructed in the form of one or more rectangular or square openings. The box culverts usually
made of precast R.C.C. materials.

- The acute corners of all multiple barrel culverts outside the skew range of 45° to 135° with
more than 7 feet (2.1 m) of vertical clearance shall be strengthened with a counterfort. Office
standard drawings are available and shall be used in assembling culvert plans meeting the above
described conditions.

o For Material Properties should be Data Covered

 Concrete Compressive Strength
 Steel Yield Strength fy
 Steel Yield Strength fy
 Reinforced Concrete Unit Weight

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 4P a g e

  Soil Fill Unit Weight
 Culvert Backfill Angle of Internal Friction
 Water Unit Weight

o The design according to the following codes:

 IRC:5-1985
 IRC :6-1966
 IRC :21-1987

 CONCRETE AS PER IS-456

- concrete shall be of design mix and shall have minimum 28 days characteristic strength
of 150mm cubes for all elements of superstructure as indicated below.

Condition of of Concrete grade Characteristic strength

Exposure
MODERATE M25 25MPa ( for 3 to 9m
span)
MODERATE M 30 30MPa ( for 10m span)
SEVERER M30 30MPa (for 3m 10m
span)

- high strength ordinary Portland cement conforming to IS:8112 or ordinary Portland

cement conforming to IS 269 capable of achieving the required design concrete shall only be
used.

- The minimum cement content and maximum water cement ratio in the concrete design
mix shall be 310 Kg/cu.m and 0.45 respectively for “MODERATE” condition of exposure.
The minimum cement content and maximum water cement ratio on the concrete design mix
shall be 400Kg/cu.m and 0.40 respectively for “SEVERER” condition of exposure.
o Advantages of Box Culvert
Box Culverts are economical for the reasons mentioned below:

 The box culvert is a rigid frame structure and very simple in construction
 It is Suitable for non-perennial streams where scrub depth is not significant but the soil is weak.
 The bottom slab of the box culvert reduces pressure on the soil.
 Box culverts are economical due to their rigidity and monolithic action and separate foundations are
not required.
 It is used in special cases, weak foundation.


TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 5P a g e

o Objective of Box Culvert :-

- The acute corners of all multiple barrel culverts outside the skew range of 45° to 135° with
more than 7 feet (2.1 m) of vertical clearance shall be strengthened with a counterfort. Office
standard drawings are available and shall be used in assembling culvert plans meeting the above
described conditions.

 Methodology For Construct a Box Culvert :-

 Analysis and design by STAAD pro.

 . Analysis method adopted for RCC box is MDM (Moment Distribution Method).

 Designing Box Bridge considering LSM.

 Various cases those are to be generally adopted for designing:

 Case 1: Dead load and live load acting from outside as well as earth pressure, while no water
pressure from inside (i.e. Design of Box Bridge by considering the box as in empty conditions, no
water will flow from it).

 Case 2: Dead load and live load acting from outside as well as earth pressure, while water pressure
acting from inside (i.e. designing the by considering that it is half full).

 Case 3: Dead load and live load acting from outside as well as earth pressure, while water pressure
acting from inside (i.e. designing the box by considering that it is full. Considering case one, as it is
the worst possible case for designing bridge.
 Serviceability Limit State – For the limitations given in 10.2.1.load combination only shall be
considered. For the stress limitations given in 10.2.2, load combinations 1 to 5 shall be considered.
The value of YfL for creep and shrinkage of concrete and prestressed (including secondary effects
in statically indeterminate structures) shall be taken as 1.0. Ultimate Limit State – To check the
provisions of 10.3 load combinations 1 to 4 shall be considered.

 The value of YfL for the effects of shrinkage and, where relevant, of creep shall be taken as 1.2. In
calculating the resistance of members to vertical shear and torsion YfL for the prestressing force
shall be taken as 1.15 where it adversely affects the resistance and 0.87 in other cases. In calculating
secondary effects in statically indeterminate structures.

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 6P a g e

  Prior Art Search :-

 Dr. Mohankar.R.H, Dr. Ronghe.G.N provided a discussion on “Analysis and Design of

underpass RCC bridge” and said that the Underpass RCC Bridge is very rarely adopted in bridge
construction but recently the Underpass RCC Bridge is being used for traffic movement. In this
paper, the analysis of the underpass RCC bridge is carried out.
The analysis of this underpass RCC bridge is done by considering fixed end condition.
Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis is performed and results are presented. Comparison of
different forces between 2D and 3D models for fixed end condition is provided. Mahesh Tandon
(2005) has studied that with the occurrence of every major earthquake, there has been in the past,
almost a worldwide tendency to increase the capacity demand of the structure to counteract such
events. It is only in the last decade that new strategies have been successfully developed to
handle this problem economically. The current international practice has shifted towards a
performance-based engineering design, wherein the accent is on serviceability and safety under
different levels of magnitude of earthquakes.
And he concluded that There is scope after both „passive‟ control by prescribed
detailing procedures as well as „active‟ control by specific devices for earthquake-resistant
bridges. The judicious use of these ideas can lead to economical and safe bridge structures. Y.
Vinod Kumar and Dr. ChavaSrinivas (2015) 3 have presented a complete study of box culvert by
using computational methods such as Grillage analysis and Finite element method. Grillage
analysis is versatile in nature and can be applied to verity of bridge decks having both simple and
complex configurations with ease and confidence. Grillage analysis has done by most commonly
using softwre STAAD Pro. Their main objective was to know the behavior of box culvert and
variation of stresses in terms of Shear force and bending moment values.
LandeAbhijeetChandrakant , PatilVidyaMalgonda (2014) 4 observed that structural design of
box culvert involves consideration of load cases and factors like live load, effective width,
dispersal of load through fill, impact factor, co-efficient of earth pressure etc.
The structural elements are required to be designed to withstand maximum bending
moment and shear force. So excel program is developed for analysis and it is compared with
software results. So analysis of box culvert is carried out for it for various box conditions and
structural design is suggested for critical cases. NehaKolate, Molly Mathew, Snehal Mali (2014)
5 , studied the analysis and design of box bridge and they have found that Box culvert is easy to
add length in the event of widening of the road and Box is structurally very strong, rigid & safe.
Box does not need any elaborate foundation and can easily be placed over soft foundation by
increasing base slab projection to retain base pressure within safe bearing capacity of ground
soil. Study on the design coefficients for single and two cell box bridge is carried out by
SujataShreedhar, R.Shreedhar (2013) 6 .
The present study makes an effort to evaluate the design coefficients for bending
moment, shear force and normal thrust for single cell, two celled and three celled box culvert
subject to various loading cases. An attempt is made to provide the ISSN: 2455-2631 © July
2016 IJSDR | Volume 1, Issue 7 IJSDR1607034 International Journal of Scientific Development
and Research (IJSDR) www.ijsdr.org 206 information of the effects for different ratios of L/H =
TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 7P a g e
 1.0, L/H = 1.25, L/H = 1.5, L/H = 1.75 and L/H = 2.0 for single cell, two cell and three celled
box culverts.
D.Vamshee Krishna (2015) 7 studied the modelling and analysis of RCC bridge
using parametric study of soil structure interactions. In this paper, the analysis of the underpass
RCC bridge is carried out. The analysis of this underpass RCC bridge is done by considering
fixed end condition and the soil structure interactions at different sections are presented.
Comparison of different forces with results at different sections of the model for fixed end
condition is provided. In this study a 2D model can be effectively used for analysis purpose for
the loading condition mentioned in IRC: 6, “Standard Specifications and Code of Practice Road
Bridges” The Indian Roads Congress and Directorate of bridges & structures (2004), “Code of
practice for the design of substructures and foundations of bridges” Indian Railway Standard. Dr.
Abdul-Hassan (2014) 8 has made study on optimal design of reinforced concrete box culvert by
using genetic algorithms method. This paper shows the optimal design of reinforced concrete box
culvert based on minimum cost (economical design).
It is found that the genetic algorithms GAs optimization method is a suitable method
that can be used to obtain the minimum cost (i.e. optimum design) of reinforced concrete box
culvert. It is important for any optimization problem using genetic optimization method to carry
out the convergence studies to investigate the capability of establishing the optimum design with
or without initial population and governing population size. Mulesh k. Pathak (2014) 9 has
carried out study on performance of RCC box type superstructure in curved bridges. The study
provides multiplication factors for all the parameters for varying degree of curvature (i.e. 10° to
90°) W.r.t. a straight bridge (0°) and for varying spans (between 15m to 30m). These can be
useful to simplify the analysis.

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 8P a g e

 CHAPTER 02 :- EVALUATION IDEA

 Observation

- Wearestartedourobservationfrom thedifferentplacesatthePurpose of Box Culvert On

Moliya(Ikbalgadh).Weare observedallactivitiesdone atnear Site.Our allteam membersare standing
atdifferentplacesatnearover a Running Construction Work andthecollectthedatafrom
theirplaces.We collectthisdatainourlogbookanddiscussaboutsituationofthatplace.Our
observationdataisgivenbelowthroughthe AEIOU.
- The day on which we went to Moliya(Ikbalgadh)Visiting, there was Sunday and the
laborers were working hard at their own time and they were processing it after Concreting.
- We gave a little knowledge about the engineer and box culvert and gave some
information about it.

 AEIOU Summary :-

- AEIOU Summary is the summary of Activities , Interactions , Environment ,Objects and Users.
From summary we can easily conclude the whole situation Of Box Culvert.

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 9P a g e

  Activities :-

 Some Activities Are Recorded from Ikbalgadh Box Culvert Site ……

 When we are going to Ikbalgadh there some cloudy Environment.

 Soil Investigation
 Resource Management
 Compaction
 Designing

 Environment :-

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 10P a g e

  Environmrnt :-

 Correction Due To Flood

 Greenery
 Corrosion Of Steel

 Interaction:-

 With Engineer
 Group Discussion
 Use Of Reaserch Paper
 Explination
 Guidence Of Professor

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 11P a g e

Object :-

 Mixture Machine
 Reinforcement
 Roller
 Excavator Tools

 Users :-

 Engineer Contractor
 Worker People
TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 12P a g e
  EMPATHY MAPPING CANVAS :-

STORY BOARDING
 Happy story :-

 Culvert Is Also Usefull For Water Drainage or the gap over a physical obstruction.
 The construction of a culvert can be done with a low budget.
 Sad story :-

 Box culvrt have sharp corner that are unsuitable for high velocity vehicle.
 Some contractor and some supervisor don’t understand this analysis due to lack of the improper
knowledge.

 Users :-

 Government
 Employee

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 13P a g e

  Public
 Society

 Stake holder-

 Cleaness department
 Bridge department
 Designer
 Architecture

 Activity :-

 Curing
 Mixing
 Cleaning
 Compaction
 Hydralic analysis

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 14P a g e

 CHAPTER 03 :- Ideation canvas

 People :-

 Engineer
 -Citizen
TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 15P a g e
  -Workers
 -Visitors
 -Public

Situation /context/location –

 Bending due to wind

 Forest site area
 Corrosion of steel element
 Activities –

 Designing
 Resource the road
 Soil investigation
 Resource management
 Props/ Possible solution-
 seismic resistant shear
 Upgrade foundation system
TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 16P a g e
 CHAPTER 04 :- Product development

 Purpose –

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 17P a g e

  Batter transportation
 Economically
 Save resource
 Extend life
 Healthy environment

 Product experience-

 Good services
 Safety of bridge
 Protection
 People-

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 18P a g e

  Contractor
 Engineer
 Worker
 Designer

 Product function –

 Walk ways
 River transportation
 Column repair
 Product feature-

 Secure of safe
 Batter services
TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 19P a g e
  Component-

 Foundation
 Sub structure

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 20P a g e

 

 Problems and Analysis

 Bad Organizational Structure

the construction project management practice’s decision making and procurement processes do not
have the capacity for the current speed and scale demand.

 Deficient Communication
The lack of a central data system results to delayed and inconsistent sharing of information and
reports. This leads to subcontractors, contractors, and owners not having a common understanding of
the project’s state at any given time.

 Weak Performance Management

Midstream changes, inadequate communication and lack of accountability lead to unresolved issues
piling up.

 Non-Universality of Information
when a different team carries over work to a different team for the next process and when a problem
comes up arising from the precious process, the construction project manager may have a hard time
understanding how to proceed. For example, the procurement team deals with complicated contracts
and when a problem with the contracts arises while in the middle of construction, it may confuse the
CPM (construction project management) lead.

 Connection Gaps
planning spans a lot of aspects; it includes high-end preparation and daily tasks. If daily work does
not align with the day’s goal, schedulers should be notified but often are not. This system ends in
delays due the absence of real-time updating of task priorities.

 Poor Short Term Calculations

another construction issue is that companies are good at planning and forecasting outcomes in the
next 3 months but fail to identify and calculate work in the new week or two. This often results to
delays that may be caused by unavailability of equipment or materials.

 Inadequate Risk Management

Construction managers and contractors are usually looking into long-term risks of planning, design,
construction, operations, and maintenance. Risks that just pop up on the job are usually overlooked.
These tiny construction issues may just have a snowball delay in decision making and compound to
major schedule overruns.

 Limited Skill Capabilities

another cultural problem in construction is that companies tend to work with previous people and
teams and fail to connect with more capable firms and manpower suited for the job.

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 21P a g e

 Safety Issues
Another aspect to look at is safety management practices. Work injuries can set project schedule back by
one week or even more and may cause budget overspending to compensate for its outcomes. Investing in
strong safety management programs ultimately reduce injury rates thereby decreasing schedule and
budget overruns and ultimately improving project ROI and company reputation.

 Final Problem
 After ideation canvas we find our problem about higher construction
cost.Wewanttodesignabetterwaytoreduce cost of construction, Becauseof this we helpful to
government and people to make any at economical cost.

 We need know about box culvert in details.

 Purpose

 Economically design.
 Partially safety design.

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 22P a g e

 CHAPTER 05 :- LEARN NEED MATRIX

 Purpose
 Better service
 Healthy environment

 Tools/Methods/Theories/Application Process involved

 Analysismethod
 Site observation
 Selection of material based on strength durability, cost.

 Applicable standards and design specifications/principles

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 23P a g e
 andexperiments
 IRC-SP-13 guideline
 According site
 Standard drawing

 Components materials strengthcriteria

 Soilinvestigation
 Soiltest
 Concrete

 Software/Simulations/Skill/Mathematical requirement

 Auto-cad basic
 Staad pro basic

-1

 During B.E(2) Stage : -

- Site observation-
- Selection of material
- Auto-cad
- Staad pro
 IRC SP-13 Guidelines
 Standard drawings
 Concrete/steel/alluminium

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 24P a g e

 PROTOTYPE

o BOX CULVERT
 Bridge
 Minor bridge ( span greater then 6m to 60 m)
 Major bridge ( span more than 60 m)

 Culvert
 Box culvert
 Pipe culvert
 Slab culvert

 Design
 Staad pro
 Autocad softwere

 Observation
 Location

 Atmospheric condition
 Soil properties

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 25P a g e

  Selection
 Material
 Equipment

 Uses
 Walk ways
 Transportation purpose
 Convayence of strom water

 Machine
 Rolller
 Mixture
 Vibrators
 Excavator tools

 Standard drawing

 As per government

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 26P a g e

 FEEDBACK ANALYSIS QUESTIONS

GOVRNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE ,PALANPUR

FEEDBACK ANALYSIS OF BOX CULVERT
NAME :- DATE :- / / 2019

(1) Culvert can be constructed of a variety materials ?

YES OR NO

(2) Culvert will be help for you ?

YES OR NO

(3) Construction at culvert site generally result in disturbance of the site soil ?

YES OR NO

(4)Does Culvert are provided in under highway?

YES OR NO

(5)Does Concrete box culverts span is a long span?

YES OR NO

(6)Bottom slab,verticalwalls,deckslab,haunch,wingwall,etc. are components of box culverts?

YES OR NO

(7)A bridge is a structure having a total length above 6m between the inner face of the dirt.

YES OR NO

(8)Minor bridges span is greater than 6m upto 6o m.

YES OR NO

(9)The types of culverts are box culvert, pipe culvert, slab culvert.

YES OR NO

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 27P a g e

 FEEDBACK ANALYSIS TABLE

SR QUESTIONS YES NO

NO.
Culvert can be constructed of a variety materials ?
1 21 04
Culvert will be help for you ?
2 13 12
) Construction at culvert site generally result in disturbance of the site
3 soil ? 21 04

Does Culvert are provided in under highway?

4 08 17
Does Concrete box culverts span is a long span?
5 20 05

Bottom slab,verticalwalls,deckslab,haunch,wingwall,etc. are

6 components of box culverts? 23 02
A bridge is a structure having a total length above 6m between the
7 inner face of the dirt. 20 05

Minor bridges span is greater than 6m upto 6o m.

8 11 14
The types of culverts are box culvert, pipe culvert, slab culvert.
9 18 07

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 28P a g e

 LOG TABLE: 01
• NAME OF THE STUDENT: - CHAUDHARY URVASHIBEN R.

• COLLEGE NAME &CODE :- GEC PALANPUR (61)

• ENROLMENT NO.:- 180613106002 SEMESTER:- 4th

• BRANCH :- CIVIL ENGINEERING YEAR : - 2018-19

SR. PROJECT DATE TIME NAME REMARK SIGN

NO. WORK SPARED OF OF
TOPIC FACULTY FACULTY
1 Design 5 hours Prof.
Thinking over Y.J.CHAUHAN
view & topic

2 Domain 3 hours Prof.

Identification Y.J.CHAUHAN
& observation

3 AEIOU 5 hours Prof.

Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
4 AEIOU 2 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
5 Mind Mapping 4 hours Prof.
Y.J.CHAUHAN
6 Empathy 3 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
7 Empathy 2 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
8 Ideation 5 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
9 Product 6 hours Prof.
Development Y.J.CHAUHAN
Canvas

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 29P a g e

 LOG TABLE:- 02
• NAME OF THE STUDENT: - PARMAR JINAL C.

• COLLEGE NAME &CODE :- GEC PALANPUR (61)

• ENROLMENT NO.:- 180613106008 SEMESTER :- 4th

• BRANCH :- CIVIL ENGINEERING YEAR : - 2018-19

SR. PROJECT DATE TIME NAME REMARK SIGN

NO. WORK SPARED OF OF
TOPIC FACULTY FACULTY
1 Design 5 hours Prof.
Thinking over Y.J.CHAUHAN
view & topic

2 Domain 3 hours Prof.

Identification Y.J.CHAUHAN
& observation

3 AEIOU 5 hours Prof.

Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
4 AEIOU 2 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
5 Mind Mapping 4 hours Prof.
Y.J.CHAUHAN
6 Empathy 3 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
7 Empathy 2 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
8 Ideation 5 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
9 Product 6 hours Prof.
Development Y.J.CHAUHAN
Canvas

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 30P a g e

 LOG TABLE: 03
• NAME OF THE STUDENT: -PRAJAPATI LILABHAI S.

• COLLEGE NAME &CODE :- GEC PALANPUR (61)

• ENROLMENT NO.:- 180613106011SEMESTER :- 4th

• BRANCH :- CIVIL ENGINEERING YEAR : - 2018-19

SR. PROJECT DATE TIME NAME REMARK SIGN

NO. WORK SPARED OF OF
TOPIC FACULTY FACULTY
1 Design 5 hours Prof.
Thinking over Y.J.CHAUHAN
view & topic

2 Domain 3 hours Prof.

Identification Y.J.CHAUHAN
& observation

3 AEIOU 5 hours Prof.

Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
4 AEIOU 2 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
5 Mind Mapping 4 hours Prof.
Y.J.CHAUHAN
6 Empathy 3 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
7 Empathy 2 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
8 Ideation 5 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
9 Product 6 hours Prof.
Development Y.J.CHAUHAN
Canvas

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 31P a g e

 LOG TABLE: 04
• NAME OF THE STUDENT: - SUNASARA ISHABHAI H.

• COLLEGE NAME & CODE:- GEC PALANPUR (61)

• ENROLMENT NO.:- 180613106015SEMESTER :- 4th

• BRANCH:- CIVIL ENGINEERING YEAR : - 2018-19

SR. PROJECT DATE TIME NAME REMARK SIGN

NO. WORK SPARED OF OF
TOPIC FACULTY FACULTY
1 Design 5 hours Prof.
Thinking over Y.J.CHAUHAN
view & topic

2 Domain 3 hours Prof.

Identification Y.J.CHAUHAN
& observation

3 AEIOU 5 hours Prof.

Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
4 AEIOU 2 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
5 Mind Mapping 4 hours Prof.
Y.J.CHAUHAN
6 Empathy 3 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
7 Empathy 2 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
8 Ideation 5 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
9 Product 6 hours Prof.
Development Y.J.CHAUHAN
Canvas

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 32P a g e

 LOG TABLE: 05
• NAME OF THE STUDENT: - THAKER VRAJ G.

• COLLEGE NAME & CODE:- GEC PALANPUR (61)

• ENROLMENT NO.:- 170614106003 SEMESTER :- 4th

• BRANCH:- CIVIL ENGINEERING YEAR : - 2018-19

SR. PROJECT DATE TIME NAME REMARK SIGN

NO. WORK SPARED OF OF
TOPIC FACULTY FACULTY
1 Design 5 hours Prof.
Thinking over Y.J.CHAUHAN
view & topic

2 Domain 3 hours Prof.

Identification Y.J.CHAUHAN
& observation

3 AEIOU 5 hours Prof.

Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
4 AEIOU 2 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
5 Mind Mapping 4 hours Prof.
Y.J.CHAUHAN
6 Empathy 3 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
7 Empathy 2 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
8 Ideation 5 hours Prof.
Canvas Y.J.CHAUHAN
9 Product 6 hours Prof.
Development Y.J.CHAUHAN
Canvas

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 33P a g e

CONCLUSION –
- Box bridge is structurally very strong, rigid & safe. Box bridge does not need any elaborate
foundation and can easily be placed over soft foundation by increasing base slab projection to retain
base pressure within safe bearing capacity of ground soil. Box Bridge is easy to construct,
practically no maintenance. It can have multi cell to match discharge within smaller height of
embankment. The designer has option to select the number of cells with desired span to depth ratio
suiting to hydraulic conditions at site.

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 34P a g e

TOWARD STANDERISATION OF MINOR BRIDGE (BOX CULVERT) 35P a g e