Title I.

Classification of Property

Property – considered as an object, is that which is, or maybe, appropriated

Property is that branch of civil law which classifies and defines kinds of appropriable objects, their
acquisition and loss and treats the nature and consequences of real rights.

Classifications of Things

a.) Res Nullius (belonging to no one)

b.) Res Communes (belonging to everyone)

c.) Res Alicujus (belonging to someone)

Classifications of Property

a.) Mobility and non mobility

– movable or personal property
– immovable or real property
b.) Ownership
– Public Dominion
– Private Dominion
c.) Alienability
– within the commerce of men
– outside the commerce of men
d.) Existence
– Present Property
– Future Property
e.) Materiality or Immateriality
– Tangible or corporeal
– Intangible or incorporeal
f.) Dependence or Importance
– Principal
– Accessory
g.) Capability of Substitution
– Fungible: capable of substitution
– Non-fungible: incapable of substitution
h.) Nature or Definiteness
– Generic
– Specific
i.) Whether in custody of the court or not
– in custodia legis
– Free property
Characteristics of Property

a.) Utility for the satisfaction of moral or economic wants

b.) Susceptibility of appropriation
c.) Individuality or substantivity

Article 414. All things which are or may be the object of appropriation are considered either:
1.) Immovable property or real property
2.) Movable property or personal property

The importance in classifying immovable from movable property is the fact that different provisions of
law govern the acquisition, possession, disposition, loss, and registration of immovable and movables.

Reclassification is a change of purpose for the land and Conversion is the change of use of the land.