AN-31 Amplifier Circuit Collection PDF

Application Report
SNLA140C – May 2004 – Revised March 2019
AN-31 amplifier circuit collection
ABSTRACT
This application report provides basic circuits of the Texas Instruments amplifier collection.
Contents
1 Basic Circuits ................................................................................................................. 3
2 Signal Generation .......................................................................................................... 15
3 Signal Processing .......................................................................................................... 24
4 References .................................................................................................................. 41
List of Figures
1 Inverting Amplifier............................................................................................................ 3
2 Non-Inverting Amplifier ...................................................................................................... 3
3 Difference Amplifier.......................................................................................................... 4
4 Low-Power Difference Amplifier ........................................................................................... 4
5 Inverting Summing Amplifier ............................................................................................... 5
6 Non-Inverting Summing Amplifier ......................................................................................... 5
7 Inverting Amplifier With High Input Impedance .......................................................................... 6
8 Two-Stage Inverting Amplifier With High Input Impedance ............................................................ 6
9 AC Coupled Non-Inverting Amplifier ...................................................................................... 7
10 Practical Differentiator....................................................................................................... 7
11 Integrator ...................................................................................................................... 8
12 Current to Voltage Converter (Transimpedance Amplifier)............................................................. 8
13 Reference Voltage Generator .............................................................................................. 9
14 Neutralizing Input Capacitance to Optimize Response Time .......................................................... 9
15 Threshold Detector for Photodiodes ..................................................................................... 10
16 Double-Ended Limit Detector ............................................................................................. 10
17 Multiple Aperture Window Discriminator ................................................................................ 11
18 Offset Voltage Adjustment for Inverting Amplifiers .................................................................... 12
19 Offset Voltage Adjustment for Non-Inverting Amplifiers ............................................................... 12
20 Offset Voltage Adjustment for Voltage Followers ...................................................................... 13
21 Offset Voltage Adjustment for Difference Amplifiers................................................................... 13
22 Offset Voltage Adjustment for Inverting Amplifiers With Source Resistance ...................................... 14
23 Sine Wave Generator With Low Component Count ................................................................... 15
24 Sine Wave Generator ...................................................................................................... 15
25 Free-Running Multivibrator ................................................................................................ 16
26 Function Generator ........................................................................................................ 16
27 Pulse Width Modulator .................................................................................................... 17
28 Improved Howland Current Pump ....................................................................................... 18
29 Wien Bridge Oscillator With Automatic Gain Control .................................................................. 18
30 Positive Output Voltage Reference ...................................................................................... 19
SNLA140C – May 2004 – Revised March 2019 AN-31 amplifier circuit collection 1
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31 Buffered Positive Voltage Reference .................................................................................... 19

32 Negative Output Voltage Reference ..................................................................................... 20
33 Buffered Negative Voltage Reference ................................................................................... 20
34 Current Sink ................................................................................................................. 21
35 Current Source ............................................................................................................. 21
36 Voltage-to-Current Converter With BJT Output ........................................................................ 22
37 Voltage-to-Current Converter With Darlington Pair Output ........................................................... 22
38 Voltage-to-Current Converter With MOSFET Output .................................................................. 23
39 Instrumentation Amplifier .................................................................................................. 24
40 Variable Gain Instrumentation Amplifier................................................................................. 25
41 Instrumentation Amplifier With ±100-V Common Mode Range ...................................................... 26
42 Instrumentation Amplifier With ±10-V Common Mode Range........................................................ 26
43 High Input Impedance Instrumentation Amplifier ...................................................................... 27
44 Bridge Amplifier With Temperature Sensitivity ......................................................................... 27
45 Precision Diode ............................................................................................................. 27
46 Precision Clamp ............................................................................................................ 28
47 Fast Half Wave Rectifier .................................................................................................. 28
48 AC to DC Converter........................................................................................................ 29
49 Peak Detector............................................................................................................... 29
50 Absolute Value Amplifier .................................................................................................. 30
51 Sample and Hold I ......................................................................................................... 30
52 Sample and Hold II......................................................................................................... 31
53 Adjustable Q Notch Filter.................................................................................................. 31
54 Easily Tuned Notch Filter ................................................................................................. 32
55 Sallen-Key Two-Stage Bandpass Filter ................................................................................. 32
56 Two-Stage Capacitance Multiplier ....................................................................................... 33
57 Simulated Inductor ......................................................................................................... 33
58 Capacitance Multiplier ..................................................................................................... 34
59 High Pass Sallen-Key Active Filter....................................................................................... 34
60 Low Pass Sallen-Key Active Filter ....................................................................................... 35
61 Current Monitor ............................................................................................................. 35
62 Saturating Servo Preamplifier With Rate Feedback ................................................................... 36
63 Power Booster .............................................................................................................. 36
64 Fast Zero Crossing Detector .............................................................................................. 37
65 Amplifier for Piezoelectric Transducer ................................................................................... 37
66 Temperature Probe ........................................................................................................ 38
67 Photodiode Amplifier I ..................................................................................................... 38
68 Photodiode Amplifier II .................................................................................................... 39
69 High Input Impedance AC Follower ...................................................................................... 39
70 Multiplier/Divider ............................................................................................................ 40
2 AN-31 amplifier circuit collection SNLA140C – May 2004 – Revised March 2019
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1 Basic Circuits
R2 10k
-2.5 V
R1 10k
-
+ Vout
+ +
Vin LMx58B/LM2904B
*R 10k
2.5 V
42
8KQP = F 8
41 EJ
Û 4 1LPEKJ=H PK 2NKPA?P ./358 & ./324
&ARE?AO BNKI 6N=JOEAJP %QNNAJP 5LEGAO
Figure 1. Inverting Amplifier
See Analog engineer's circuit cookbook: amplifiers or [2] for more information. Simulate this design by
downloading TINA-TI and the schematic. To learn more about *R and how to protect LM358/LM2904
devices from transient current spikes at the input, see [23].
R2 1k
-2.5 V
R1 1k
-
Vout
+
+
TLV9062
+
Vin 2.5 V
42
8KQP = l1 + p8
41 EJ
Figure 2. Non-Inverting Amplifier
downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.
Basic Circuits www.ti.com
R2 2k
-15 V
R1 1k
-
R3 1k Vout
++
+
TLV9302
V1
R4 2k 15 V
+
V2
44 42 42
8KQP = l p l1 + p 82 F 81
43 + 44 41 41
(KN 41 = 43 =J@ 42 = 44
42
8KQP = :8 F 81 ;
41 2
Figure 3. Difference Amplifier
C2 10p
R2 20MEG
-1.8 V
R1 10MEG
- Vout
R3 10MEG
+
+
+
TLV379
Vin1
1.8 V
+
Vin2 R4 20MEG C1 10p
44 42 42
8KQP = l p l1 + p 82 F 81
43 + 44 41 41
(KN 41 = 43 =J@ 42 = 44
42
8KQP = :8 F 81 ;
41 2
1
B?QPKBB =
2è%2 42
Figure 4. Low-Power Difference Amplifier
R1 1k R4 2k
R2 1k
-7.5 V
R3 1k
-
Vout
+
+ +
+
TLV9102
V1 V2 V3
*R5 250 7.5 V
81 82 83
8KQP = F44 l + + p
41 42 43
Û 45 1LPEKJ=H BKN +JLQP $E=O %QNNAJP %=J?AHH=PEKJ
Figure 5. Inverting Summing Amplifier
R1 10k R2 10k
-15 V
-
R3 10k Vout
+
+ OPA2990
R4 10k 15 V
+
V1 V2
42 44 43
8KQP = l1 + p l81 + 82 p
41 43 + 44 43 + 44
42 44
8KQP = l1 + pl p :81 + 82 ; EB 43 = 44
41 43 + 44
Figure 6. Non-Inverting Summing Amplifier
See Analog engineer's circuit cookbook: amplifiers for more information. Simulate this design by
C1 3p
R2 10MEG
-2.5 V
R1 10MEG
-
Vout
+
+ TLV379
+
Vin *R3 5MEG 2.5 V
42
8KQP = F 8
41 EJ
Figure 7. Inverting Amplifier With High Input Impedance
Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

C1 5p
R2 10k
-2.5 V
-2.5 V
- R1 5k
-
+
+ TLV9052 Vout
+
+
+ TLV9052
Vin 2.5 V
2.5 V
42
8KQP = F 8
41 EJ
Figure 8. Two-Stage Inverting Amplifier With High Input Impedance
R2 1MEG
-2.5 V
R1 100k
-
R3 91k Vout
++ LM324LV
C1 1µ 2.5 V
+
Vin
42
8KQP = l1 + p8
41 EJ
43 = 41 ||42 BKN %/44
1
B?QPKBB HKS =
2è × %1 × 43
Figure 9. AC Coupled Non-Inverting Amplifier
C2 1n
R2 10k
-2.5 V
R1 1k C1 10n
-
Vout
+
+
+ TLV9062
Vin
2.5 V
*R3 910
@8EJ
8KQP = F
@P
1
B? = 8
2è42 %1 EJ
1 1
BD = =
2è41 %1 2è42 %2
B? ' BD ' BQJEPU C=EJ
Figure 10. Practical Differentiator
S1 Open: Integrate
Closed: Reset
R3 100
C1 10n
-2.5 V
R1 10k
-
Vout
+
+
+ U1 LMV358A
Vin
*R2 10k 2.5 V
P2
1
8KQP = F ± 8EJ @P
41 %1 P 1
1
B? =
2è41 %1
41 = 42
Figure 11. Integrator
R1 1k
-7.5 V
-
Vout
+
+ TLV9102
I_in
7.5 V
8KQP = +EJ 41
Figure 12. Current to Voltage Converter (Transimpedance Amplifier)
+
Vin
-12 V
R1 10k
-
Vout
+
+
LMx58B/LM2904B
12 V
R2 3.83k
42
8KQP = 8
41 + 42 EJ
Figure 13. Reference Voltage Generator

R1 1k R2 10k
-2.5 V
- LM324LV
Vout
+
+
2.5 V
R3 200 C1 2n
+
Vin
C2 100n
41
%1 Q %
42 2
Figure 14. Neutralizing Input Capacitance to Optimize Response Time
1.8 V
D1
-1.8 V
- TLV8542
Vout
+
+
R1 180k R_Load
1.8 V
-1.8 V
8KQP = 1.88 => &EK@A 1BB

8KQP = F1.88 => &EK@A 1J
41 %KJPNKHO 5AJOEPEREPU PK .ECDP
Figure 15. Threshold Detector for Photodiodes
For more information on modeling photodiodes, see [8]. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and
the schematic.
1.9V
3.3 V
TLV8542
+
+
VH
-
3.3 V
+
TLV8542
Vin +
+
VL
-
1.7V
+B 8EJ > 1.98, PDAJ 8* = 0 =J@ 8. = 3.38
+B 1.98 > 8EJ > 1.78, PDAJ 8* = 3.38 =J@ 8. = 3.38
+B 8EJ < 1.78, PDAJ 8* = 3.38 =J@ 8. = 0
Figure 16. Double-Ended Limit Detector
5V
+ TLV9064
+
V1
+
-
Vin
3.4V
+
SW1 o V1 High: SW1 Closed
- V1 Low: SW1 Open
5V
+ TLV9064
+
V2
-
3.2V
+
SW2 o V2 High: SW2 Closed
- V2 Low: SW2 Open
5V
+ TLV9064
+
V3
-
1.9V
+
o V3 High: SW3 Closed
SW3
- V3 Low: SW3 Open
5V
+ TLV9064
+
V4
-
1.7V
8EJ > 3.48 \ 81 = 1, 82 = 1, 83 = 1, 84 = 1

3.48 > 8EJ > 3.28 \ 81 = 0, 82 = 1, 83 = 1, 84 = 1
3.28 > 8EJ > 1.98 \ 81 = 0, 82 = 0, 83 = 1, 84 = 1
1.98 > 8EJ > 1.78 \ 81 = 0, 82 = 0, 83 = 0, 84 = 1
1.78 > 8EJ \ 81 = 0, 82 = 0, 83 = 0, 84 = 0
Figure 17. Multiple Aperture Window Discriminator
R3 10k
-2.5 V
2.5 V
R4 10k
-
R1 50k Vout
+
P1 50k + LM2904LV/LM358LV
+
Vin R2 200 2.5 V
-2.5 V
42
1BBOAP 4=JCA = 8OQLLHU l p
41
43
8KQP = lF p8
44 EJ
41 ( 42
Figure 18. Offset Voltage Adjustment for Inverting Amplifiers

R3 10k
2.5 V
-2.5 V
R1 50k R4 10k
P1 50k -
Vout
+
R2 200 + LM2904LV/LM358LV
+
-2.5 V
Vin 2.5 V
42
41
43
8KQP = l1 + p8
42 + 44 EJ
41 ( 42 =J@ 44 ( 42
Figure 19. Offset Voltage Adjustment for Non-Inverting Amplifiers
R2 1k
2.5 V
-2.5 V
R1 500k
P1 100k -
Vout
++ LM324LV
+
-2.5 V
Vin 2.5 V
42
41
8KQP N 8EJ
41 ( 42
Figure 20. Offset Voltage Adjustment for Voltage Followers

R2 20k
-2.5 V
R1 10k
-
R3 10k Vout
+
+
+
LM324LV
V1
2.5 V
R4 19.3k 2.5 V
+
V2
R6 100k
P1 50k
R5 700
-2.5 V
42 = 44 + 45
41 = 43
45 43
1BBOAP 4=JCA = 8OQLLHU l pl p
45 + 46 43 + 44
42
8KQP = l p :82 F 81 ;
41
45 ' 1BBOAP 'MQER=HAJP 4AOEOP=J?A
Figure 21. Offset Voltage Adjustment for Difference Amplifiers
2.5 V
R1 1MEG R3 10k
P2 100k
-2.5 V
-2.5 V R4 1k
-
Vout
+
+
Vin +
LMV358A
2.5 V
43 ||44 Q 10GÀ
43 ||44
41
43
8KQP = lF p8
44 EJ
Figure 22. Offset Voltage Adjustment for Inverting Amplifiers With Source Resistance
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2 Signal Generation
R2 150k
-2.5 V
R1 1k
- R3 2.71k R4 2.71k R5 2.71k
Vout
+
+ TLV9062
2.5 V C1 10n C2 10n C3 10n
GND
42
(8
41
.AP 4 = 43 , 44 , 45 =J@ % = %1 , %2 , %3
tan(60°)
BKO?EHH=PEKJ N
2è4%
Figure 23. Sine Wave Generator With Low Component Count
For more information on this configuration, also known as a phase-shift oscillator, see [9] and [10].
R2 150k
-2.5 V
R1 16.5k 2.5 V
- R3 2.71k
TLV9064 2.5 V
++ R4 2.71k 2.5 V
++ TLV9064 ++ TLV9064
R5 2.71k
- ++ TLV9064
2.5 V C1 10n
C2 10n - Vout
GND -2.5 V
C3 10n -
-2.5 V
-2.5 V
42
8Q Q 10
41
.AP 4 = 43 , 44 , 45 =J@ % = %1 , %2 , %3
tan(60°)
BKO?EHH=PEKJ =
2è4%
Figure 24. Sine Wave Generator
For more information on this configuration, also known as a buffered phase-shift oscillator, see [9] and
[10]. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.
Signal Generation www.ti.com
R1 200k
-2.5 V
-
Vout
+
+
TLV9062
C1 10n
2.5 V
R3 160k
R2 910k
1
BKO?EHH=PEKJ =
42
43 %1 HJ @1 + 2 A
41
Figure 25. Free-Running Multivibrator

C1 1n
-2.5 V Square Wave

-2.5 V
- R3 50k R4 50k
-
+ + TLV9062 Triangle Wave
++ TLV9062
2.5 V
2.5 V
R1 10k R2 90k
R5 40k
45
#ILHEPQ@APNE=JCHA = 8??
41 + 42
2
BKO?EHH=PEKJ = BKN 43 + 44 > 100GÀ
è%1 :43 + 44 ;
Figure 26. Function Generator
See [2] for more information. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.
R4 10k C3 100p
C1 100p R7 5.9k
Vsin -
5V
OPA365
R3 10k ++
-
8
3
OPA365 ++ 5V
2.5V
+
++
6
2.5V TLV3501 Vout
Vin 2 2.5V
-
5V Vtri
4
R1 10k V1 -
2
6
TLV3501
++ 3
7
R2 10k C2 100n
5V
R6 10k R5 8.45k
41 = 42 = 43 = 44
8PNE > 8E
45 8PNE
= BKN 81 = 8NAB
46 81
46
BKO?EHH=PEKJ =
4 × 47 × 45 × %3
1
%1 >
2è × 44 × BKO?EHH=PEKJ
1
%2 =
2è × BJKEOA BEHPAN × :41 ||42 ;
Figure 27. Pulse Width Modulator
R1 200k R3 100k
-15 V
+
Vin -
+
+ OPA192
15 V
R5 1k
R2 200k
R4 100k
Iout
R_load 1k
43 8EJ
+KQP = F
41 45
43 = 44 + 45
41 = 42
Figure 28. Improved Howland Current Pump
For an in-depth dive into this configuration, see our [11]. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and
the schematic.
Vout Vout
R1 620 R4 10k
-5 V
- OPA2990
Vout
+
D1 1N4150 R3 4.7k +
R5 2k
5V
T1 2N4416
C1 10n
R2 5.1k
R6 2k C2 10n
1
BKO?EHH=PEKJ =
2è%1 45
5AP )=EJ = 3.1
43 + 44
)=EJ =
44
45 = 46
%1 = %2
Figure 29. Wien Bridge Oscillator With Automatic Gain Control
Z1 1N2804
R1 1k
-
Vout
++ OPA202
R2 1k
15 V
R3 10k
R4 1k
7.588 Q 8KQP Q 13.938

41 ?KJPNKHO 8KQP ,I=T
42 , 44 , & 8VAJAN ?KJPNKH 8KQP ,IEJ
Figure 30. Positive Output Voltage Reference
15 V
R1 10k
R2 1k
Z1 1N2804 -
Vout
+
R3 10k + TLV9102
15 V
R4 1k
500I8 Q 8KQP Q 5.58

&A?NA=OEJC 42 & 44 EJ?NA=OAO 8KQP N=JCA
8VAJAN =@FQOPO 8KQP N=JCA
Figure 31. Buffered Positive Voltage Reference
Z1 1N2804
-15 V
R1 1k
-
Vout
+
+ OPA202
R2 5k
R3 100k
R4 5k
F13.98 Q 8KQP Q F7.68

&A?NA=OEJC 42 =J@ 44 EJ?NA=OAO 8KQP N=JCA
Figure 32. Negative Output Voltage Reference
R4 1k
-15 V
Z1 1N2804 -
Vout
+
R3 10k + TLV9102
R2 1k
R1 1k
-15 V
F5.58 Q 8KQP Q F500I8
&A?NA=OEJC 42 & 44 EJ?NA=OAO 8KQP N=JCA
Figure 33. Buffered Negative Voltage Reference
15 V
R_Load
AM1
15 V
+ LMx58B/LM2904B
+
+
-
Vin Q1 2N3460
Q2 2N2219
R2 10k
R1 10k
8EJ
+K =
41
8EJ R 08
'JOQNA 41 ( 4.K=@
Figure 34. Current Sink
R1 25
+ OPA2990
+
-
Q1 2N3460
-15 V
+
Q2 2N2219
Vin
R2 10k
Iout
R_Load
-15 V
8KQP
+KQP =
41
8EJ < 0
Figure 35. Current Source
36 V
Rload
Iout
36 V
R1 120k
+ OPA172
+ Riso 100
T1 2N5686
-
Cf 40p
+
Vin R2 5k
Rf 50k
Rs 40m
42
+KQP = 8EJ
4O :41 + 42 ;
8EJ ,I=T
4O =
+KQP ,I=T
Figure 36. Voltage-to-Current Converter With BJT Output

36 V
Rload
Iout
36 V
R1 95k
+ OPA170
+
T2 2N3442
+
- Riso 100
Vin R2 5k T1 2N5686
Cf 1n
Rf 10k
Rs 50m
42
+KQP = 8EJ
4O :41 + 42 ;
8EJ ,I=T
4O =
+KQP ,I=T
Figure 37. Voltage-to-Current Converter With Darlington Pair Output
5V
R_load
5V
+ TLV9062
+ T1 SI2304D
- Riso 100
+
Vin
C1 1n
RF 1k
Rs 20
Iout
8EJ
+KQP =
4O
8EJ ,I=T
4O =
+KQP ,I=T
Figure 38. Voltage-to-Current Converter With MOSFET Output
Signal Processing www.ti.com
3 Signal Processing
15 V
+ TLV9302
+ R1 1k R3 100k
+
Vin- -
-15 V -15 V
-
Vout
+
+ OPA2990
15 V
-15 V
- R2 1k
+
+ TLV9302
+
15 V R4 100k
Vin+
43
8KQP = :8 F 8EJ F;
41 EJ +
43 44
=
41 42
Figure 39. Instrumentation Amplifier
www.ti.com Signal Processing
15 V
++ TLV9302
R1 10k R3 10k
+
Vin- -
-15 V -15 V
-
Vout
+
+ OPA2990
15 V C1 5p
-15 V R5 1MEG
- R2 10k R4 10k R6 10k
++ TLV9302
+
Vin+ 15 V -15 V
+
+
OPA2990
15 V
10F4 46 43
8KQP = :8EJ + F 8EJ F;
41
43 44
=
41 42
Figure 40. Variable Gain Instrumentation Amplifier
R3 5k
R6 50k
C1 3p
C2 3p
-15 V
-15 V
- R4 5k
-
+
+ OPA2990 Vout
+
+ OPA2990
15 V
R1 50k *R2 5k 15 V
R7 50k *R5 5k
+
+
Vin+
Vin-
42 = 43 = 44 = 45
41 = 46 = 1043
47
8KQP = l p8
46 EJ
Û 42 =J@ 45 1LPEKJ=H BKN +JLQP $E=O %QNNAJP %=J?AHH=PEKJ
Figure 41. Instrumentation Amplifier With ±100-V Common Mode Range

15 V
+ OPA2189
+ R2 10k R6 100k
+
Vin- -
R1 5k
-15 V -15 V
-
R3 10k Vout
+
+ OPA2990
15 V
-15 V
R4 5k
- R5 10k
+
+ OPA2189
+
15 V R7 100k
Vin+
41 = 44
42 = 45
46 = 47
46 241
8KQP = l1 + p8
42 43 EJ
Figure 42. Instrumentation Amplifier With ±10-V Common Mode Range

R1 99k R2 1k R3 1k R4 99k
-5 V -5 V
- -
Vout
+ +
+ TLV9102 + TLV9102
5V 5V
+
+
Vin- Vin+
41 = 44 & 42 = 43
41
8KQP = l1 + p8
42 EJ
Figure 43. High Input Impedance Instrumentation Amplifier

R1 1K
PTC1 -15 V
-
PTC
Vout
+
+
+
LMx58B/LM2904B
R2 1K
Vin 15 V
PTC
PTC2
41 42
=
426%1 426%2
41
8KQP = 8EJ l1 F p
426%1
Figure 44. Bridge Amplifier With Temperature Sensitivity

Vout
D1 1N914
-2.5 V R_load 1k
-
+
+ TLV9002
+
2.5 V
Vin
8KQP = 8EJ EB 8EJ > 0
Figure 45. Precision Diode
For more information on this configuration, see [12]. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the
schematic.
R1 1k
Vout
+
Vin
-2.5 V D1 1N914
-
+
+ TLV9062
2.5 V
Vref
8KQP = 8EJ EB 8EJ < 8NAB
Figure 46. Precision Clamp
schematic.
C1 3p
R2 20k
Vout
-2.5 V D1 1N914
R1 20k
-
+
*R4 15k +
Vin + TLV9052
2.5 V D2 1N914
8KQP = 8EJ
Figure 47. Fast Half Wave Rectifier
For more information on this configuration, see [12]. See Analog engineer's circuit cookbook: amplifiers for
more information. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.
R6 18k C2 1u
R2 20k R3 10k R7 22.2k

Vout
C4 10p
-15 V D1 1N914 -15 V

R1 20k
- -
+
*R4 15k + *R5 6.2k +

Vin + OPA2990 + U2 OPA2990
15 V D2 1N914 15 V
8KQP = 8EJ ,=RC

0 < 8EJ < 8?? F 8&1
'JOQNA 1L #ILO 4AI=EJ EJ .EJA=N 4=JCA
Û 44 =J@ 45 1LPEKJ=H BKN +JLQP $E=O %QNNAJP %=J?AHH=PEKJ
Figure 48. AC to DC Converter
schematic.
R3 20k
D3 1N914
-2.5 V
-2.5 V R1 1MEG
-
- R2 10k Vout
+
+ TLV9062
+ D1 1N914 D2 1N914
+ TLV9062 2.5 V
+
2.5 V C2 10n
Vin
8KQP = 8LA=G
Figure 49. Peak Detector
R1 636 R2 636
D1 1N1199 C1 100p
-2.5 V
-2.5 V
-
- D2 1N1199 Vout
+
+ U2 TLV9002
+
+ U1 TLV9002 2.5 V
2.5 V
+
R3 636
Vin
8KQP = 8EJ
42 = 41
)$972 1
=
4 2è41 %1
Figure 50. Absolute Value Amplifier
For more information on this circuit, see [13]. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the
schematic.
-2.5 V -2.5 V
T1 2N6782 R1 10k Vout

+
+ TLV9052
2.5 V
+
Vin C1 100n
+
Sample
PO=ILHA ß %1
1
&NKKL 4=PA ß
%1
Figure 51. Sample and Hold I
schematic.
-2.5 V
T1 2N6782 R1 10k
-2.5 V
+
Vin -2.5 V -
Vout
+
+ TLV9052
T2 2N6782
2.5 V
+
C1 100n
Sample
PO=ILHA ß %1
1
&NKKL 4=PA ß
%1
Figure 52. Sample and Hold II
schematic.
-2.5 V
-
R1 10MEG R2 10MEG Vout
+ LM2904LV/
+
+
LM358LV
Vin 2.5 V
C3 540p C2 270p
R3 5MEG
-2.5 V
C1 270p -
+
LM2904LV/LM358LV + R4 50k
2.5 V
1
BK =
2è41 %1
41 = 42 = 243
2%1 = 2%2 = %3
0.25 < 3JAPSKNG < 10
+J?NA=OEJC 2KPAJPEKIAPAN 5APPEJC +J?NA=OAO 3JAPSKNG
Figure 53. Adjustable Q Notch Filter
For more information on this configuration, see [15] and [16]. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI
and the schematic.
R3 4k
-15 V
R1 4k
-
R2 4k Vout
+
+ LMx58B/LM2904B
+
Vin 15 V
C1 500p
-15 V
+
+ LMx58B/LM2904B
15 V
R4 10k
C2 1n
R5 10k
1
BK =
2è44 ¥%1 %2
44 = 45
41 = 43
41
44 =
2
Figure 54. Easily Tuned Notch Filter
and the schematic.
-2.5 V
-2.5 V R4 110k -
R2 110k - C3 10n Vout
+
C1 10n + TLV9052
+ C4 10n
+ TLV9052
2.5 V
2.5 V R3 110k
C2 10n
R1 110k
+
Vin
1
BK =
2è¥41 42 %1 %2
Figure 55. Sallen-Key Two-Stage Bandpass Filter
schematic.
R1 1k R2 10k
C2 10p
-2.5 V -2.5 V
R3 2k
- -
+ +
+ TLV9062 + TLV9062
2.5 V 2.5 V
C1 100n
Cout
42
%KQP = l1 + p%
41 1
Figure 56. Two-Stage Capacitance Multiplier

R2 100
-2.5 V
-
C1 10u
+
Lout + TLV9062
2.5 V
R1 100k
.KQP = 41 42 %1
<KQP = 42 + Fñ41 42 %1
Figure 57. Simulated Inductor
schematic.
R2 100
-2.5 V
- TLV9062
+
+
2.5 V R3 10
R1 100
Cout
C1 1n
41
%KQP N %
43 1
%1 R 100 × %EJ =ILHEBEAN
4OKQN?A ( 43
Figure 58. Capacitance Multiplier

R1 110k
-2.5 V
-
C1 20n C2 10n Vout
+
+ TLV9052
2.5 V
+
Vin R2 110k
42 = I41
%2 = J%1
1
B? =
2è4% ¾IJ
¾IJ
3=
I+1
%DKKOA I =J@ J BKN @AOENA@ B? =J@ 3
Figure 59. High Pass Sallen-Key Active Filter
schematic.
C1 940p
-2.5 V
-
R1 24k R2 24k Vout
+
+ TLV9052
2.5 V
+
Vin C2 470p
41 = I42
%1 = J%2
1
B? =
2è4% ¾IJ
¾IJ
3=
I+1
%DKKOA I =J@ J BKN @AOENA@ B? =J@ 3
Figure 60. Low Pass Sallen-Key Active Filter
and the schematic.
+
R2 100 R1 10
Vin
+ OPA2990
+ I_Load
R_Load
Q1 IRF9510
Vout
R3 1k
41 43
8KQP = +
42 .
Figure 61. Current Monitor
Z1 1N2804
Z2 1N2804
R1 270
R3 100k
C1 50u R2 1.6k
-15 V
-
Vout
+
+ TLV9302
15 V
D1 D2
0.18
8KQP = BNKI &1, &2
µ#
.EJA=N 4=JCA PDNKQCD 60µ#
Figure 62. Saturating Servo Preamplifier With Rate Feedback
For more information on modeling photodiodes, see [8]. More information on this configuration can be
found in [20]. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.
15 V
R1 470
T1 2N2905
+ OPA2990
+
Vout
+
Vin -
Iout
T2 2N2219
R_Load
R2 470
-15 V
8KQP = 8EJ
31 =J@ 32 +J?NA=OA +KQP
Figure 63. Power Booster

-2.5 V
R1 1k
Vin -
Vout
+
+ TLV9062
2.5 V D1 1N914
R2 1k
D2 1N914 Z1 1N2804
R3 5.1k
-2.5V
6EIA PK &APA?P (=HHEJC, <ANK %NKOOEJC 4A@Q?A@ >U ~65%

8ANOQO 7OEJC #ILHEBEAN =O %KIL=N=PKN
Figure 64. Fast Zero Crossing Detector

RF 5MEG
CF 10n
Piezoelectric Transducer
Qin -2.5 V
Rin 50
-
Vout
I_in Cp 1n +
+ TLV9052
2.5 V
8KQP 1
)=EJ = =
3EJ %(
1
B.2( =
2è4( %(
1
B*2( =
2è4EJ %EJ
Figure 65. Amplifier for Piezoelectric Transducer
and the schematic.
2N2484 R4 931 ^R6 41.2k
R1 1k -15 V
-
*R3 250k Vout
+
+ LMx58B/LM2904B
15 V
R2 12k R5 24.3K
-15V
8KQP = 103.9I8/°% 383I8

Û 8=HQA %=J $A %D=JCA@ BKN 08 =P 0°%
^8=HQA %=J $A %D=JCA@ BKN 100I8/°%
Figure 66. Temperature Probe

Cf 1.6p
Rf 1MEG
-2.5 V
-
Vout
+
D1 + TLV9062
2.5V
V-
8KQP = 4B +&
Figure 67. Photodiode Amplifier I
For more information on modeling photodiodes, see [8]. See Analog engineer's circuit cookbook:
amplifiers or [2] for more information on this circuit. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the
schematic.
Cf 1.6p
Rf 5MEG
-2.5 V
-
Vout
+
+ TLV9062
D1
2.5 V
R1 5MEG
4B
8KQP = 58/ä# ×
41
Figure 68. Photodiode Amplifier II
For more information on modeling photodiodes, see [8]. See Analog engineer's circuit cookbook:
amplifiers for more information on this circuit. Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the
schematic.
-2.5 V
-
C1 10n Vout
+
+ LM2904LV/
LM358LV
2.5 V
+
Vin R1 10k
C2 10n
R2 100k
:41 + 42 ;%1 O + %1 %2 41 42 O 2
8KQP = 8
1 + :41 + 42 ;%1 O + %1 %2 41 42 O 2 EJ
Figure 69. High Input Impedance AC Follower
-15 V
R5 1k R6 1k
P1 10
R4 1k
Z1 1N2804
Q1 2N1893
-15 V -15 V
R1 1k
E1 - -
Eout
+ +
+ OPA2990 + OPA2990
15 V 15 V
Q4 2N1893
Q2 2N1893 Q3 2N1893
-15 V -15 V
R2 1k R3 1k
E2 - - E3
+ +
+ OPA2990 OPA2990 +
15 V 15 V
'1 '2
'KQP =
'3
41 = 42 = 43 = 44
Figure 70. Multiplier/Divider
www.ti.com References
4 References
1. To learn more about the design of many of these and other amplifier configurations, consult our Analog
engineer's circuit cookbook on amplifiers.
2. Alternatively, more information on several of these circuits can be found in our app note entitled, AN-20
an applications guide for op amps.
3. To learn more about the characteristics of amplifiers, common techniques used in amplifier circuit
design, and a variety of other amplifier topics, consult our Texas Instruments Precision Labs video
series on amplifiers.
4. For specific questions regarding your design, reach out to our engineers via e2e, our online forum.
5. For a handy reference guide for your analog designs, check out the Analog Engineer's Pocket
Reference Guide available for free in pdf form.
6. Use our Analog Engineer's Calculator to help crunch design equations.
7. Check out our Amplifier's Product Page to quickly sort through our products and find the amplifier(s)
that best fit your needs.
8. For more information on modeling photodiodes including the model used in this design, see the 1 MHz,
single-supply, photodiode amplifier reference design.
9. For more information on sine-wave oscillators, check out TI's app note on the Sine-wave oscillator.
10. Alternatively, see our note on the Design of op amp sine wave generators.
11. For more on the Howland Current Pump, see AN-1515 a comprehensive study of the Howland current
pump.
12. For more information on the Precision Diode, Precision Clamp, Half Wave Rectifier, and AC to DC
Converter circuits, see our LB-8 precision AC/DC converters application note.
13. More information on the Absolute Value Amplifier can be found in our app note on Precision absolute
value circuits.
14. To learn more about Sample-and-Hold configurations, see our application note on the Specifications
and architectures of sample-and-hold amplifiers.
15. For more information on Q Notch Filters, see our LB-5 high Q Notch filter on the subject.
16. Further analysis of notch filters can be found in our app note on High-speed notch filters.
17. For more information on Sallen-Key filter design, see our Analysis of the Sallen-Key architecture
application note on the subject.
18. For more information on Low Pass Sallen-Key filter design, see our Active low-pass filter design
application note.
19. More information on simulated inductors can be found in our application note entitled, An audio circuit
collection, part 3.
20. More information on a variety of circuits can be found in our AN-4 monolithic op amp—the universal
linear component application note.
21. To learn more about the theory behind, design of, and simulation of piezoeletric transducers and their
amplifiers, see this Signal conditioning piezoelectric sensors application note.
22. Additional information on piezoelectric transducers can be found in our analog applications journal
entry, Signal conditioning for piezoelectric sensors, on the subject.
23. For more information on the LM324/LM358 device family and how to properly connect unused inputs,
see Application design guidelines for LM324/LM358 devices.
IMPORTANT NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER
TI PROVIDES TECHNICAL AND RELIABILITY DATA (INCLUDING DATASHEETS), DESIGN RESOURCES (INCLUDING REFERENCE
DESIGNS), APPLICATION OR OTHER DESIGN ADVICE, WEB TOOLS, SAFETY INFORMATION, AND OTHER RESOURCES “AS IS”
AND WITH ALL FAULTS, AND DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS AND IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD
PARTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.
These resources are intended for skilled developers designing with TI products. You are solely responsible for (1) selecting the appropriate
TI products for your application, (2) designing, validating and testing your application, and (3) ensuring your application meets applicable
standards, and any other safety, security, or other requirements. These resources are subject to change without notice. TI grants you
permission to use these resources only for development of an application that uses the TI products described in the resource. Other
reproduction and display of these resources is prohibited. No license is granted to any other TI intellectual property right or to any third
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Application Report

SNLA140C – May 2004 – Revised March 2019

AN-31 amplifier circuit collection

31 Buffered Positive Voltage Reference .................................................................................... 19

Û 4 1LPEKJ=H PK 2NKPA?P ./358 & ./324

&ARE?AO BNKI 6N=JOEAJP %QNNAJP 5LEGAO

Figure 1. Inverting Amplifier

Figure 2. Non-Inverting Amplifier

Figure 3. Difference Amplifier

Vin2 R4 20MEG C1 10p

Figure 4. Low-Power Difference Amplifier

Figure 5. Inverting Summing Amplifier

Figure 6. Non-Inverting Summing Amplifier

Figure 7. Inverting Amplifier With High Input Impedance

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

Figure 8. Two-Stage Inverting Amplifier With High Input Impedance

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

Figure 9. AC Coupled Non-Inverting Amplifier

Û 43 1LPEKJ=H BKN +JLQP $E=O %QNNAJP %=J?AHH=PEKJ

Figure 10. Practical Differentiator

Figure 11. Integrator

Figure 12. Current to Voltage Converter (Transimpedance Amplifier)

Figure 13. Reference Voltage Generator

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

Figure 14. Neutralizing Input Capacitance to Optimize Response Time

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

8KQP = 1.88 => &EK@A 1BB

Figure 15. Threshold Detector for Photodiodes

+B 8EJ > 1.98, PDAJ 8* = 0 =J@ 8. = 3.38

+B 1.98 > 8EJ > 1.78, PDAJ 8* = 3.38 =J@ 8. = 3.38

+B 8EJ < 1.78, PDAJ 8* = 3.38 =J@ 8. = 0

Figure 16. Double-Ended Limit Detector

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

8EJ > 3.48 \ 81 = 1, 82 = 1, 83 = 1, 84 = 1

Figure 17. Multiple Aperture Window Discriminator

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

Figure 18. Offset Voltage Adjustment for Inverting Amplifiers

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

Figure 19. Offset Voltage Adjustment for Non-Inverting Amplifiers

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

Figure 20. Offset Voltage Adjustment for Voltage Followers

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

Figure 21. Offset Voltage Adjustment for Difference Amplifiers

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

Figure 23. Sine Wave Generator With Low Component Count

Figure 24. Sine Wave Generator

Figure 25. Free-Running Multivibrator

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

-2.5 V Square Wave

Figure 26. Function Generator

Figure 27. Pulse Width Modulator

Figure 28. Improved Howland Current Pump

Figure 29. Wien Bridge Oscillator With Automatic Gain Control

Simulate this design by downloading TINA-TI and the schematic.

7.588 Q 8KQP Q 13.938

Figure 30. Positive Output Voltage Reference

500I8 Q 8KQP Q 5.58

Figure 31. Buffered Positive Voltage Reference

F13.98 Q 8KQP Q F7.68

Figure 32. Negative Output Voltage Reference

Figure 33. Buffered Negative Voltage Reference

Figure 34. Current Sink

R4 15k + R5 6.2k +