- Rizal’s love for scholarship and

intellectual honesty
- old and learned parish priest of
Calamba
B.10. Death of Concha in 1865 and
imprisonment of Rizal’s mother in 1871-74
- contributed for Rizal to
strengthen his character, enabling him to resist blows of adversity in later years
B.11. The Spanish abuses and cruelties he
witnessed in his boyhood, e.g. brutal acts of the lieutenant of the Guardia Civil and
the alcalde, unjust tortures inflicted on innocent Filipinos, execution of the
GOMBURZA in 1872
- awakened Rizal’s spirit of
patriotism and inspired him to consecrate his life and talents to redeem his
oppressed people