ACADEMY, ARUPPUKOTTAI - 1 -

MASTERS ACADEMY,
www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com

myF – 1 : fy;tp cstpaypd; jd;ikAk;> tuk;Gk;

UNIT – I : NATURE OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY

cstpay; my;yJ kdtpay; tiuaiw!

tiuaiw!(Definition of Psychology)

Psychology

irf;fp Nyhf];
(Psyche) (Longus)



caph;> Md;kh (cs;sk;)> Rak; mwptpay; (Muha;jy; my;yJ gbj;jy;)

Psychology Greek Words (fpNuf;f thh;ji

; j)

cstpay;  Md;kh  kdk;  elj;ij  cl;nthh;j;

cstpay; - elj;ijfisg; gw;wp mwpAk; mwptpay;
gpNsl;Nlh tpy;ypak; N[k;]>;
 fhd;l;   cl;nthh;j;
mhp];lhby; tpy;nfy;kT ; z;l;
Md;kh  kdk;  fdT epiy  elj;ij  cstpay;

gpNsl;Nlh> mhp];lhl;by; - cstpay; xU Md;kh mwptpay;.

xU E}w;whz;Lf; fhyj;jpy; jhd; jj;Jt Qhdpfs;
Qhdpfs; cstpaiy kdmwptpay; vd;wdh;.

tpy;ypak; N[k;]>; tpy;nfy;k; cz;l; (1879 Kjy; cstpay; Ma;tfk; - yPyr
; pf;> n[h;kdp) -
edT epiy mwptpay;
mwptpay (19-k; E}w;whz;L)

edT epiy (Consious) - njhpe;J nfhs;Sjy;
jy (m) tpopg;G.

xU kdpjdpd; xl;Lnkhj;j elj;ijNa cstpayhFk;.

cl;nthh;j; - ‘Md;
Md;kh - kdk; - edT epiy> elj;ij”
j (gpwg;G Kjy; ,wg;G tiu) nra;af; $ba
nray;ghl;ilf; Fwpf;Fk;.
cstpaypd; tiuaiwfs;
tiuaiwfs :

‘tpy;
tpy;ypak; kf;^fy;
fy” (England) (,ay;G+f;ff; nfhs;ifapd; je;ij) - ‘cstpay; vd;gJ
kdpjdpd; elj;ij> elj;ijapd; fhuzq;fs;> epge;jidfs; Mfpatw;iwg; gw;wpg; gbg;gjhFk;”

ny];lh; FNuh & Myp];FNuh ‘cstpay; vd;gJ kdpjdpd; elj;ij> kdpj cwTKiwfisg;
gw;wpg; gbg;gjhFk;”.

ghud; (2001) - (elj;ijfs; + mwpTg;Gyr; nray;ghLfs;) ‘cstpay; vd;gJ elj;ijiaAk;
jiaAk
mwptpg;Gyr; nray;ghLfisAk;
hLfisAk tpsf;Fk; mwptpay;”.

cstpaypd; ,yf;Ffs;
fs : (4) Scope of Psychology
(i) kdpj elj;ijia tpthpj;jy;
(ii) tpsf;Fjy;
(iii) Kd;$l;bNa fzpj;jy;
(iv) fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy; (m) khw;wpaikj;jy;.
 ACADEMY, ARUPPUKOTTAI - 2 -
MASTERS ACADEMY,
www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com

kdk; 3 epiyfspy; ,aq;FfpwJ :
(i) rpe;jpj;jy;
(ii) czh;jy;
(iii) Gwr; nray;fisj; J}z;Ljy;
cstpaypy; Fwpg;gpljf;fth;fs; tUkhW :

`hh;kpf; nfhs;if - tpy;ypak; kf;^fy; (,q;fpyhe;J) (,ay;G+f;ff; nfhs;if)

`hh;kpf; nfhs;if :
kdpjNdh> tpyq;Nfh> jdJ elj;ijia ntspg;gLj;Jk; NghJ cs;Nehf;fq;fs;
Gyg;gLfpd;wd.

tbtikg;Gf; Nfhl;ghL - bl;rdh :
kdk; mwpTrhh; ,af;fKilaJ.

cstpaiy elj;ijapay; vd;W $wpath;fs; :
i) J.B.thl;rd; (America) ii) Nlhy;kd; iii) `g;
iv) fj;jNu v) ];fpd;dh; (America) vi) jhh;zi
; lf;
(fUtp rhh; Mf;f epiyAWj;jy; Nfhl;ghL)
pd; nray; vd;gij kWj;jth; - thl;rd;

rpe;jid vd;gJ cs;sj;jpd; d (mnkhpf;fh)

kuGf; nfhs;ifia Vw;Wf; nfhs;shjth; - thl;rd;.

#o;epiyNa kdpjid cUthf;FfpwJ - thl;rd;
d.

kf;^fypd; ,ay;G+f;ff; nfhs;ifia kWj;jth;fs; - elj;ijthjpfs; (i, ii, iii, iv, v)

#o;epiyNa xUtDila elj;ij khw;wj;jpw;Fg; ngUk; fhuzk; - gh;dhh;l; (#o;epiy thjp)

elj;ij Nfhl;ghl;bw;F vjph;gG
; j; njhptpf;Fk; Nfhl;ghL - KOikf;
KOikf; fhl;rpf; Nfhl;ghL (1912)
nf];lhy;l; Nfhl;ghL

nf];lhy;l; - n[h;khdpar; nrhy;
nrhy.
nghUs; - KOik> cUtk;> tbtk;> Njhw;wk;.

csg;gFg;Gf; Nfhl;ghL - rpf;kz;l; gpuha;L (M];jphpah)

g;uha;blk; ,Ue;J gphpe;J nrd;wth;fs; :-
:-
i) Ml;yh; - jdp egh; cstpay;
ii) A+q; - gFg;G cstpay;
iii) fhh;y; Nuh[h;]; - kdpj Nea cstpay;
kh];Nyh  Njitg;gbepiyf; Nfhl;ghL (mnkhpf;fh)

cstpay; - caph; r%ftpay;

kdpj elj;ijapd; $Wfs; :- (2)
i) edT mDgtq;fs;
s :-
(v.fh) grp> typ> fhakiljy;> nghUs; thq;Fjy;> gzk; nfhLj;jy; Nghd;wit.
edtpyp
ii) ed tpyp mDgtq;fs; s :-
(v.fh) rpyhplk; fhuzkpd;wp Nfhgg;gLjy;> rpyhplk; clNd el;Gf; nfhs;Sjy;.
.ntgh;
.ntgh :-

E.H.ntgh
cstpay; ghpNrhjidfSf;F tpj;jpl;lth;
ntgh; tpjp - Gyd; Efh;Tfis mstpLk; Kiwfis Muha;jy;.
tbtikg;Gf; Nfhl;ghL - bl;
blr
; dh;
dh.
 ACADEMY, ARUPPUKOTTAI - 3 -
MASTERS ACADEMY,
www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com
.ngr;dh; :- (1860)

G.T.ngr;
‘cs
cs ,aw;gpay;
pay” vd;w E}y; vOjpdhh;.
ntghpd; Ma;it nrk;ikg;gLj;jpath;.

tpy;nfy;k; cz;l; :- (1879)
Kjy; cstpay; Ma;tfk; - yPgr
; pf; vd;w ,lk; n[h;kdp.
dp
cstpay; vd;gJ edT epiy mwptapy; vd;W $wpath; - tpy;nfy;kT
; z;l.;

rh;
rh.; gpuhd;rp]; fhy;ld;
d :- (,q;fpyhe;J)
Gs;spapay; mbg;gilapy; jdpegh; NtWghLfis mstpl;lth;.

fhl;ly;
y :- (America)
cstpay; ghpNrhjidfs; mbg;gilapy; jdpegh; NtWghLfis mstpl;lth;.

nk];kh;
h :- kUj;Jt cstpay; Kiwfs;.

gpahN[ :- (Rtpl;rh;yhe;J) mwpT rhh;e;j cstpay; Nfhl;ghL.

rpf;kz;l; gpuha;L :- csg;gFg;gha;Tf; Nfhl;ghL. (M];jphpah - 20-k; E}w;whz;bd; njhlf;fk;)

My;gpul; gpNd :- Ez;zwpTr; Nrhjidapd; je;ij.
France Ez;zwpTr; Nrhjidfs;.

];fpd;dh; :- (mnkhpf;fh)
fUtprhh; Mf;f epiyapWj;jk; (G+id)

ntf;]y
; h; :- taJ te;NjhUf;fhd Ez;zwpT.
cstpay; Kiwfs;!(METHODS OF PSYCHOLOGY)
i) mfNehf;FKiw :- (jw;Nrhjid Kiw (m) Ra cw;W Nehf;Fjy; Kiw)
kpfTk; gz;ila Kiw.

gpugykhf;fpath;  E.B.bl;rd
; h;  tbtikg;Gf; Nfhl;ghL  Ma;Tf;fsk; (1887 - 1927)
Intro – cs;Ns Lakin Word
Spection – Muha;jy;

cz;l; $w;W - xUth; jdJ mDgtq;fisj; jhNd cs;Nehf;fpg; ghh;j;J tpthpj;jYk;>

mt;thW tpthpf;fg;gl;ltw;iwg; gFj;jha;e;J tifg;gLj;JjYk; mfNehf;FKiw.

Foe;ijfs; kdeyk; Fd;wpath;fs;> tpyq;Ffs;> ,e;j mfNehf;FKiw %yk; gad;ngw
,ayhJ.

kdr; nray;ghLfs; gw;wp mwpaTk;> tpjpfis cUthf;fTk; rpwe;j Kiw -
mfNehf;FKiw.
ii) cw;WNehf;fy; Kiw :- (GwNehf;FKiw)

ve;jtpjf; fUtpAkpd;wp gpwuJ elj;ijiaf; $h;e;J ftdpf;Fk; Kiw.

cw;W Nehf;fy; Kiwapd; nray;epiyfs;
piyfs :- (4)

Gyd;fhl;rp (elj;ijia czh;jy;)

elj;ijiaf; Fwpj;Jf; nfhs;Sjy;.

Nrfhpf;fg;gl;l elj;ijf; $W tptuq;fisg; gFj;J Muha;jy;.

nghJ cz;ikfisg; ngWjy;.

tiffs; :-

fl;Lg;ghLs;s - fl;Lg;ghlw;w cw;WNehf;fy;.

gq;Nfw;Fk; - gq;Nfw;fh cw;WNehf;fy;
 ACADEMY, ARUPPUKOTTAI - 4 -
MASTERS ACADEMY,
www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com

,aw;ifahd - (fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l) nraw;ifahd cw;WNehf;fy;.

jpl;lkplg;gl;l - vNjr;irahd cw;WNehf;fy;

cw;WNehf;fy; - Gyd;fs; %yk; Rw;Wg;Gwj;ij mwptJ.
cw;W Nehf;fy; :- GwNehf;F Kiw.

ve;jtpjf; fUtpAkpd;wp gpwuJ elj;ijiaf; $h;e;J ftdpf;Fk; Kiw.
1) fl;Lg;ghlw;w cw;W Nehf;fy; (fsj;jpy; cw;WNehf;fy;)
2) fl;Lg;ghLs;s cw;W Nehf;fy;.
gz;Gfs;
fs :-

jug;gLj;jg;gl;l jd;ik

kiwf;fg;gl;l jd;ik

Fwpg;gpl;l elj;ij.
cw;W Nehf;fspy; cs;s gpiofs; :-
1) elj;ijf; $Wfspy; gpio.
2) cw;WNehf;Fgthpd; gpio.
gbfs :-
rpwe;j cw;WNehf;fypd; 5 gbfs;
(S-R-Learning) - J}z;ly; - Jyq;fy; ,izg;Gf; fw;wy;

jhh;zi
; lf;> N`fd;
N`fd
1) Fwpg;gpl;l elj;ijiaj; Njh;en
; jLj;jy;.
2) elj;ijia tiuaWj;jy;.
3) cw;WNehf;fp mwpgth;fSf;Fg; gapw;rp.
4) cw;W Nehf;Fk; elj;ijia mspj;jy;.
5) cw;W Nehf;fpajijg; gjpT nra;jy;.
iii) tho;fi
; fj; JZf;F Kiw :-

cw;WNehf;fy; KiwAld; njhlh;GilaJ.

tho;fi
; f epfo;rr
; pfis njhFj;J itf;Fk; Kiw.

FLk;g tuyhW ,Uf;fhJ.
tpdh thpir :
i) cstpaYk;>
ii) r%ftpaYk; gad;gLk;.
iv) fs Ma;T Kiw :-

xU epfo;rr
; pia> mJ epfOk; ,aw;ifahd #o;epiyapy; cw;WNehf;fp MuhAk; Kiw.

r%f cstpaYk;> fy;tp cstpaYk; nghpJk; gad;gLfpwJ.

tpdh thpirfs;> ju msTNfhy;fs;> FwpaPL gl;bay;fs; Nghd;wit gad;gLk;.
v) ghpNrhjid Kiw :-

ghpNrhjid = fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fl;gl;l cw;WNehf;fy; (Controled group)

Kjy; cstpay; Ma;Tf;$lk; :- n[h;kdp.

tpy;nfy;k; cz;l; - yPgr
; pf; efh; - 1879.

cstpay; vd;gJ edT epiymwptpay; vd;W $wpath;.
 ACADEMY, ARUPPUKOTTAI - 5 -
MASTERS ACADEMY,
www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com
vi) tsh;rr
; p Ma;T Kiw :-

tsh;rr
; p Kiw ,Utifg;gLk;.
i) ePs; Ma;T Kiw :- `hh;thh;l; Muha;rr
; p> gpahN[ Muha;rr
; p.
ii) FWf;F Ma;TKiw :- \ph;yp> yhd; My;];Dld;.

ePs; Ma;T Kiw :-
xU tsh;rr
; pg; gbepiyapYs;s gy FOe;ijfisj; njhlh;e;J gy Mz;Lfs; cw;WNehf;Fk; Kiw.
(v.fh)
i) `hh;thh;l; tsh;rr
; p Muha;rr
; p - 3500 Foe;ijfs; + 12 Mz;Lfs; Nrhjid.
ii) gpahN[ Muha;rr
; p (Switzerland)
mwpT rhh;e;j cstpay; Nfhl;ghL.

FWf;
FWfF
; Ma;T Kiw :-
gy tsh;rr
; p epiyfspy; cs;NshuJ elj;ijiaf; ftdpj;J xg;G Nehf;Fk;Kiw.

jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw :-
xU Foe;ij> xU FLk;gk;> xU thypgf;FO> xU kd;wk;> xU ,dk;> xU rKjhak;> xU ehL.
(v.fh)
\ph;yp> yhd; My;]i
; ld; Nghd;NwhuJ Foe;ijfspd; tpisahl;Lfs; gw;wpa Ma;Tfs;.
vii) jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw :- (kUj;Jt cstpay; Kiw yk];kh;)

,J kUj;Jt Kiw> jdpayF Ma;T Kiw> ePzl
; jpus; gjpNtl;L Ma;TKiw vd;Wk;
miof;fg;gLfpwJ.

xU Foe;ijiag; gw;wp> xU rKjhaj;ijg; gw;wp> xU ,dj;ijg; gw;wp.
gbepiyfs; :-

gpur;rpidf;Fhpa myifj; njhpT nra;jy;.

Njh;en
; jLj;j myF Fwpj;j jfty;fisg; gy;NtW topfspYk; jpul;Ljy;.

gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fis Cfpj;jy;.

gpur;rpidia rPhn
; ra;Ak; Kiwfis tFj;jy;.
xU ehl;ilg; gw;wp> xU FLk;gj;ijg; gw;wp.

njhlh;gzp
xU kd;wj;ijg; gw;wp> xU thypgf; FOitg; gw;wpa Ma;Nt jdpahs; Ma;T.
viii) tpdh thpir Kiw :-

fs Ma;T Kiw  cstpaypYk;> r%ftpaypYk; ngUksT gad;gLfpwJ.
(fs Ma;T Kiw = fy;tp cstpay; + r%f cstpay;)

fy;tp cstpay;

r%f cstpay;
tpdh thpir Kiwia Kjd; Kjypy; cstpay; Muha;rr
; pf;Fg; gad;gLj;jpath; -
gpuhd;rp]; (England)

fhy;ld;
d : Gs;spapay; mbg;gilapy; jdpegh; NtWghLfis mstpl;lth;.

thf;nfLg;G xU tifahd tpdh thpir Kiw.
ix) Ntw;Wik Kiw :-

Muhag;gLk; gpur;rpidapy; ekJ FWf;fb P d;wp ,aw;ifahfNt fhzg;gLk; ,U khWgl;l
(m) NtWgl;l epiyfis xg;gpl;L Nehf;fp KbntLf;Fk; Kiw.
 ACADEMY, ARUPPUKOTTAI - 6 -
MASTERS ACADEMY,
www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com
x) Ngl;b Kiw :-

jpl;lkpl;l Ngl;b> jpl;lkplhj Ngl;b.

NeUf;F Neh; njhlh;G.
xi) ghpNrhjid Kiw :-

,J tpQ;Qhdg; G+h;tkhd Kiw.

cstpay; Nrhjidfs; vg;nghOJNk caphpdq;fs; kPJ elj;jg;gLk;.

3 tif khwpfs;
khwpfs :-
(v.fh) : Njh;Tr; rhjidapy; Ez;zwptpd; gq;F.
i) jdpj;jpaq;Fk; khwp - Ez;zwpT. (Independent Variable)
ii) rhh;e;jpaq;Fk; khwp - Njh;Tr; Nrhjid. (Dependent Variable) Only Nos.
iii) FWf;fL
P khwp - gbf;Fk; gof;fk;> ngw;Nwhh;fspd; fy;tp.

Nrhjid
Nrhjid Kiwfs;
Kiwfs :-
i) xU FO ghpNrhjid Kiw.
ii) ,U FO ghpNrhjid Kiw.
FO :-
:- 1 fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l FO (Control Group)
FO :-
:- 2 Nrhjidf; FO (Experimental Group)
xii) jpus; gjpNtL Kiw :-

xU khzthpd; fy;tp tuyhw;iwg; gw;wpaJ.

,J ml;ilahfNth my;yJ ciwahfNth my;yJ rpW Gj;jf tbtpNyh ,Uf;fyhk;.

cstpaypd; gphpTfs; (Branches of Psychology)

i) nghJ cstpay;
cstpay
Kjph;rr; paile;j rhjhuz kdpjdpd; elj;ijia tpthpf;Fk;.
,g;gphptpy; Gyd;fhl;rp> kdntOr;rp czh;T> Cf;Ftpj;jy;> fw;wy;> rpe;jpj;jy; Nghd;wit
mlq;Fk;.
jdpahs; Ntw;WikAk; mlq;Fk;.
ii) Foe;ij cstpay;
cstpay
kuGf; nfhs;ifia Vw;Wf; nfhs;shjth; - thl;rd;.
Foe;ijapd; tsh;rr
; p> kuG epiy> #o;epiy.
Fotp cstpay;> Fkug;gUt cstpay;.
iii) newpgpwo; cstpay;
cstpay  kdkUj;Jt ,aYld; ,ize;jJ.
euk;G Neha;fs;> csj;jF khw;wq;fs; Nghd;w kdpjh;fspd; mrhjhuz elj;ijfis
tpthpf;Fk; gphpT.

,y; gphpT kd kUj;Jt ,aYld; ,ize;jJ.

gpuha;bd; csg;gFg;gha;T Kiw nghpJk; gad;gLk;. (M];jphpah)

iv) clw;$W cstpay;

cstpay :-
euk;G kz;lyk;> Gyd;fs;> Rug;gpfs; Nghd;wtw;wpd; mikg;G>nray;ghL.

ehsKs;s Rug;gpfs; ehskpy;yhr; Rug;gpfs;

nehjp `hh;Nkhd;
 ACADEMY, ARUPPUKOTTAI - 7 -
MASTERS ACADEMY,
www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com
v) xg;gl
P L
; cstpay;
cstpay
kdpjdpd; elj;ijAld; gpw tpyq;fpdq;fspd; elj;ijfis xg;gpl;L ,tw;wpDs;
fhzg;gLk; njhlh;GfisAk;> NtWghLfisAk; mwpAk; gphpT.
kdpjd; Vs gpw tpyq;Ffs;
fs Ma;T Kiw gad;gLk; ,lq;fs;  i) fy;tp cstpay;> ii) r%f cstpay;
vi) r%f cstpay;
cstpay
FOf;fspy; gutpAs;s kdg;ghd;ikfs;> rhh;ngz;zfpfs;.
vii) eilKiw cstpay;
cstpay
njhopy; cstpay; - ikah;];
tpsk;gu cstpay;
fy;tp cstpay;
ikah;]; - njhopy; cstpaypd; tsh;rr
; pf;F cjtpath;.
viii) khdpl cstpay;
stpay
kdpj elj;ijfis tpthpf;Fk; ghlg; gphpT.

NkYk; rpy cstpay; Kiwfs;
Kiwfs :- (5)
i) kUj;Jt cstpay; - nk];kh;
ii) Fw;wtpay; cstpay;
iii) njhopy;Jiw cstpay; - ikah;];
iv) kdpjg; nghwpapay; (2-k; cyfg; NghUf;Fg; gpwF)
v) fy;tp cstpay;
fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy; epfo;tpy; khzth;fspd; fw;wiy Nkk;gLj;Jk; Kiw.

fy;tp cstpaypd; tiuaiw :- (Definion of Educational Psychology)
Nfhny];dpf; - (,u\;ah) ght;Nyh cstpaypd; - Xh; cl;gphpthd fy;tp cstpay; vd;gJ>
fy;tpapy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; nray;KiwfspYk;> gpd;gw;wg;gLk; topKiwfspYk;> cstpay;
Nfhl;ghLfisAk;> tpjpfisAk; GFj;jp> fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jiy Nkk;gLj;Jk; KiwNa fy;tp
cstpay;”.

g;Nsh;> N[hd;]>; rpk;gr
; d; - ‘fy;tp jj;Jt ,ay; vijf; fw;gpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gijr; Rl;bf;
fhl;l> fy;tp cstpay; mij vg;gbf; fw;gpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W ,ak;GfpwJ”

fy;tp cstpaypd; tiuaiwfs; :
FNuh & FNuh - cstpay; vd;gJ kdpjdpd; elj;ij> kdpj cwT Kiwfisg; gw;wp gbg;gJ.

FNuh kw;Wk; FNuh - 'gpwg;gpypUe;J KJik tiuf;Fk; xUtuJ fw;wy; mDgtq;fis
tpthpg;gJ jhd; fy;tp cstpay; MFk;”.

fUtp rhh; Mf;f epiyapWj;jk; (mnkhpf;fh)

];fpd;dh; ‘fy;tp cstpay; fy;tpAld; rk;ge;jg;gl;l elj;ij kw;Wk; MSikj; jpwdpd; KO
msitAk; cs;slf;fpaJ”.

E.A..gPy; :
‘fw;wypd; jd;ik> kdpj MSik tsh;rr ; p> jdpahs; Ntw;Wikfs;> kdpj elj;ij> fy;tp
cstpay; vd;gJ fy;tpiag; gw;wp gbf;Fk; mwptpay; MFk;”.

S.re;jhdk; - ‘nghJ cstpaypd; fUj;Jf;fisAk;> fz;Lgpbg;GfisAk; fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jypy;
vLj;jhs;tJ fy;tp cstpay;”.

vijf; fw;gpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W $WtJ. (g;Nsh;> N[hd;]>; rpk;gr ; d;)

jj;Jt ,aypy; ,Ue;J Njhd;wpaJ - cstpay;  vg;gbf; fw;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W $WtJ.

cstpay; = kdapay;

cstpay; vd;w thh;ji ; jia Kjd;Kjypy; gad;gLj;jpath; - Ulhy;/g; Nfhf;fpy; (1590)

etPd cstpaypd; ngw;Nwhh;fs; :-
i) jj;Jtk; jj;Jt ,aypy; ,Ue;J Njhd;wpaJ - cstpay;.
ii) clw;$W ,ay;.
 ACADEMY, ARUPPUKOTTAI - 8 -
MASTERS ACADEMY,
www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com

fy;tp cstpaypd;
cstpaypd; tuk;G :- (Nature & Scope Of Educational Psychology)
Nfhny];dpf; : (u\;ah)
fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jiy Nkk;gLj;Jk; KiwNa - fy;tp cstpay;.
i) khzhf;fhpilNa fhzg;gLk; jdpahs; NtWghLfs;
ii) Cf;fk;
iii) fw;gpj;jy; Kiwfs;
iv) kjpg;gpLk; KiwfSk; mtw;wpd; epiw - FiwfSk;
v) tFg;giw Nkyhz;ik
vi) kdeyk;
vii) xOf;fj;ij cUthf;Fjy;.

H.C.ypz;.ypz;l; fpNud;
fpNud : (5)
i) fw;gth; (khzth;)
ii) fw;Fk; Kiwfs;
iii) fw;Fk; mDgtq;fs;
iv) fw;Fk; #o;epiyfs;
v) fw;gpg;gth; (Mrphpah;)

fhhprhDk; mtuJ rfhf;fSk; Sk : (4)
i) Foe;ijAk; mjd; tsh;rr ; pAk;
ii) fw;Fk; - fw;gpf;Fk; Kiwfs;
iii) khzhf;fuJ tsh;rr ; pia kjpg;gpLjy;
iv) Foe;ijf;F topfhl;Ljy;.

E.A..gPy; :
‘fy;tp cstpay; vd;gJ fw;wypd; jd;ik> kdpj MSik tsh;rr ; p> jdpahs; Ntw;Wikfs;>
kdpj elj;ijiar; r%f #oypd; mbg;gilapy; Muha;jy;”

cstpay; Nfhl;ghLfs; hLfs : (1800 to 1930) (Theories of Psychology)
i) mikg;gpay; Nfhl;ghL (tpy;ypak; N[k;]>; tpy;nfy;k; cz;l); - N[k;]>; cz;l;
cstpay; vd;W edT epiy mwptpay; vd;W $wpath;.
ii) elj;ijapay; Nfhl;ghL :-

[hd; gp.thl;rd; (1930) - mnkhpf;fh. (elj;ij thjp)

‘xUthpd; elj;ijia mth; ,Uf;Fk; #oiyf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjhy; khw;w KbAk;”.
eha; - u\;ah vyp - mnkhpf;fh
ght;Nyh> ];fpd;dh; (fUtprhh; Mf;f epiyapWj;jk;)
iii) KOikf; fhl;rpf; Nfhl;ghL :-

khf;]; nth;jpkh; (1912) - n[h;kdp

jj;Jtk; :- nf];lhy;l; - German Word.
KOik> tbtk;> Njhw;wk;.
‘The whole is greater than the sum of its parts’. Whole > Parts.

cstpay; Nehf;Ffs; :- (7)
i) elj;ij rhh;e;j Nehf;F
ii) GydwpT Nehf;F
iii) caphpay; Nehf;F
iv) ghpzhk tsh;rr ; p Nehf;F
v) tsh;rr ; p rhh;e;j Nehf;F
vi) Mo;kd Nehf;F
vii) r%f> gz;ghl;L Nehf;F.

cstpay; gphpTfs;gphpTfs :-

mnkhpf;f ehl;L cstpay; fofk; (1999) $w;W. cyfk; KOtJk; 5 yl;rk; cstpay;
mwpQh;fs; cs;sdh;.

cstpay; vd;gJ elj;ijiaAk; mwptpg;Gyr; nray;ghLfisAk; tpthpf;Fk; mwptpay;.
 ACADEMY, ARUPPUKOTTAI - 9 -
MASTERS ACADEMY,
www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com

uhgh;l; A.ghud; (2001) - 9 cstpay; gphpTfs;.
i) kUj;Jt kdg; gpwo;T cstpay;. (kUj;Jt cstpay; - nk];kh;)
ii) mwpTiu gfh;jy; cstpay;
iii) tsh;rr
; p rhh; cstpay;
iv) fy;tp cstpay;
v) ghpNrhjid cstpay;
vi) mwpjd;ik cstpay;
vii) epWtd cstpay;
viii) ghpzhk tsh;rr ; p cstpay;
ix) r%f cstpay;
gFjpfs :- (6)

fy;tp cstpaypd; gFjpfs;
i) tsh;jYk; tsh;rr; pAk;
ii) fw;wy;
iii)Cf;Fik
iv) jdpahs; Ntw;Wikfs;
(mwpthz;ik> MSik> Mh;tk; Nghd;wit)
v) ,zf;fkhd elj;ij.
vi) FO rhh;e;j elj;ij.

fy;tp cstpaypd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs; :- (3)
Nf[;> ngh;ypdh; (1975)
i) elj;ijfisg; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sjy;
ii) elj;ijiaf; fzpj;jy;.
iii) elj;ijiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy;.

fy;tp cstpaypd; 3 Kf;fpaf; $Wfs; :-
i) khzth;
ii) fw;gpf;Fk; Kiwfs;
iii) fw;Fk; #oy;.
cstpay; MrphpaUf;F cjTk; topfs; :- (Significance of Educational Psychology to the

fy;tp cstpay;
Teachers)
i) tsh;rr ; p gw;wpa cstpaywpT.
ii) fw;wy; gw;wpa cstpaywpT.
iii) Cf;Fik gw;wpa cstpaywpT.
iv) jdpahs; Ntw;Wik gw;wpa cstpaywpT.
v) ,zf;fkhd elj;ij gw;wpa cstpaywpT.
vi) FO elj;ij gw;wpa cstpaywpT.
EXTRA POINTS (NkYk; rpy)

r%f mstpay;
1) xU FOtpy; cs;s cWg;gpdh;fSf;F ,ilNa epyTk; nghJthd r%f cwTfspd;
jd;ikia mse;jwpa cjTk; fUtp - r%f mstpay; mstPlL ; f; Nfs;tpfs;.

r%f tiuglk; tiujy; :- :-
i) khzth;fs; - (rJuk;)
ii) khztpfs; - (Kf;Nfhzk;)
iii) xU khzth; / khztpapd; tpUg;gk; (mk;Gf;Fwp)
iv) xUtiu xUth; tpUk;gpdhy; - (,UKidf;NfhL)
A
B C
D E
 ACADEMY, ARUPPUKOTTAI - 10 -
MASTERS ACADEMY,
www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com

xU ez;gh;fs; tl;lk; : C, D,
xUtiu xUth; tpUk;Gth; (,UKidf;NfhL)

xw;iwah; - B  ahUk; tpUk;g khl;lhh;fs;.

el;rj;jpuk; - C

,ul;ilah; - D, E
jdpahs; tif Ma;T :

tifj; jd;ikAila xUtiu Mokhf Muha;e;jwpjYf;Fj; ‘jdpahs; tif Ma;T” vdg; ngah;.

kd Nehahspfspd; MSikg; gpur;rpidfis jdpahs; tif Ma;tpd; %yk; jPh;j;jth; -
gpuha;L. M];jphpah (csg;gFg;Gf; Nfhl;ghL)

rpW Foe;ijfspd; mwpTg; Gy tsh;rr ; pia jdpahs; tif Ma;tpd; %yk; jPh;j;jth; - gpahN[.

tifj; jd;ik :-
xUthplk; fhzg;gLk; nghJg; gz;Gfisg; NghyNt ,d;Dk; gyhplKk; XusthtJ
fhzg;gl;lhy; mth; ‘tifj; jd;ik” cilath; Mthh;.
xU FO ghpNrhjid Kiw

ghpNrhjid Kiw :
,U FO ghpNrhjid Kiw
jdpj;jpaq;Fk; khwpfshy; rhh;e;jpaq;Fk; khwpapd; Nky; Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fs; (m) tpisTfis
mse;jwpag; gad;gLj;Jk; Kiw - ghpNrhjid Kiw.
(Indepent Variable  depandent variable)
khwpfs :- Independent variables (Quality)
1) jdpj;jpaq;Fk; khwpfs;

Muha;rr
; pahsuhy; ifahsf;$ba (m) khw;wpaikf;ff; $ba khwp.
(v.fh) Mrphpah; gad;gLj;Jk; fw;gpj;jy; Kiwfs;.
2) rhh;e;jpaq;Fk; khwpfs; :- (Dependent Variables) Quality

Muha;rr
; pahsuhy; mse;jwpaf; $ba khwp.
(v.fh) khzthpd; kjpg;ngz;fs;. (Only Numbers)
3) FWf;fl
P L
; khwpfs; :-

Muha;rr
; pahsuhy; fl;Lg;gLj;j Kbahj Mdhy;> rhh;e;jpaq;F khwpapd; gz;Gfisg;
ghjpf;ff;$ba khwpfs;.
(v.fh) ghypdk;> mwpthz;ik> FLk;gg; nghUshjhuk;> ngw;Nwhh;fspd; fy;tp.
ghpNrhjid Kiwapd; gz;Gfs; :-
i) fl;Lg;ghL
ii) ifahSjy;
iii) cw;WNehf;Fjy; (GwNehf;FKiw)
jpl;lkpl;l Ngl;b
Neh;Kfk;
fk :-  Ngl;b
jpl;lkplhj Ngl;b

thahy; Nfl;fg;gLk; tpdhj; njhFg;G

Nfs;tp Nfl;gth; - Neh;Kfk; fhz;gth;

gjpy; mspg;gth; - Neh;Kfk; fhzg;gLgth;
tiffs; :-
i) tiuaWj;j Neh;Kfk; :- jpl;lkpl;l Ngl;b

%ba Nfs;tpaikg;Gfs;
(v.fh) :- 1) cdf;Ff; fzf;Fg; ghlk; gpbf;Fkh? Mk; / ,y;iy
2) cdf;Fg; gpbf;fhj ghlk; vJ?
m) fzf;F M) Mq;fpyk; ,) mwptpay; <) jkpo;
ii) tiuapyh Neh;Kfk;fk; :- jpl;lkplhj Ngl;b (In-definite & Open)

jpwe;j Nfs;tpaikg;G.
(v.fh) :- 1) cdf;Fg; gpbf;fhj ghlk; vJ? Vd;?
2) eP Xa;T Neuj;jpy; vd;d nra;a tpUk;Gtha;?