CELIK IMALAT MONTAU VE TESISAT A.S. BOLT TIGHTENING PROCEDURE SPEC. NO: ‘TP-0001 SRI-UK DELIVERED - STRUCTURAL STEEL DATE: 08/11/2000 REV: A ‘C. ORKUN PREPARED BY oe[cimTAs| (CEUX MALAT MONTAU VE TEBISATAS. SUBJECT : TURN-OF-NUT-TIGHTENING METHOD LOCATION : CTG/STG AREA REVISION LA NUMBER OF PAGES: 6[cimTAS] CCELACMALAT MONTAVE TESST AS. TURN-OF-NUT-TIGHTENING METHOD : When properly implemented, turn-of-nut method provides more uniform tension in the bolts than does torque controlled tensioning methods because it is primarily dependent upon bolt elongation slightly into the inelastic range. Consistency and reliability is dependent upon assuring that the joint is well compacted and all bolts at a snug tight condition prior to application of the final required partial tum. Reliability is also dependent upon assuring that the turn that is applied is relative between the bolt and nut; thus the element not tured in tightening should be prevented from rotating while the required degree of turn is applied to the turned element. Reliability and inspectability of the method may be improved by having the outer face of the nut match-marked to the protruding end of the bolt after the joint has been snug tightened but prior the final tightening. Such marks may be applied by the wrench operator using a crayon or dab of paint. Such marks in their relatively displaced position after tightening will afford the inspector a means for noting the rotation that was applied. Some problems with turn-of-nut tightening encountered with galvanized bolts have been attributed to especially effective lubricant applied by the manufacturer to meet ASTM specification requirements. Job site tests in the tension indicating device demonstrated the lubricant reduced the coefficient of friction between the bolt and nut to the degree that “The full effort ofa men using an ordinary spud wrench” to snug tighten the joint actually induced the full required tension. Because the nuts could be removed by an ordinary spud wrench they were erroneously judged improperly tightened by the inspector. Research confirms that lubricated high-strength bolts may required only one- half'as much torque to induce the specified tension. For such situation, use of a tension indicating device and the fasteners being installed may be helpful in establishing alternate criteria for snug tight at about one-half the tension required by Table 4.[cimTas] (CELCMALAT MONTAJVE TESSSATAS. Because reliability of the method is independent of the presence or absence of washers, washers are not required except for oversize and slotted holes in an outer ply. Thus, in the absence of washers, testing after the fact using a torque wrench method is highly unreliable. That is, the tun-of-nut method of installation, properly applied, is more reliable and consistent than the testing method. The best method for inspection of the method is for the inspector to observe any job site confirmation testing of the fasteners and the method to be used followed by monitoring of the work in progress to assure that the method is routinely properly applied. ‘TENSION CALIBRATING DEVICES : At the present time, there is no device or economical means for determining the actual tension in a bolt that is installed in a connection. However, the actual tension in a bolt installed in a tension calibrator (hydraulic tension indicating device) is directly indicated by the dial of the device. Thus, such a device is an economical and valuable tool that should be readily available whenever high-strength bolts in slip critical joints or bolts subject to applied axial tension are to be tensioned to the pretension specified in table 4, Although each element of a fastener assembly may conform to the minimum requirements of their separate ASTM specifications, their compatability in an assembly or the need for lubrication can only be assured by testing the assembly. Therefor, such devices are important for testing the complete fastener assembly as it will be used with any method of tightening to assure the suitable of bolts and nuts (probably produced by different manufactures ) , as well as other elements , and the ability of the assembly to provide the specified tension using the sellected method testing before starting to install fasteners in the work will also identify potential sources of problems , such as the need for lubrication weakened nuts due to excessive over tapping in the case of galvanized nuts , or failure of bolts subject to combined toque and tension due to over strength load indicators , and to clarify , for the bolting crews and inspectors , the proper[¢iMTAS (CELMALATMONTAIVETEBEATAS. implementation of the selected installation methot to be used such devices are essential to specified procedure for the calibrated wrench method of installation and for specified procedure for arbitration inspection when such inspection is required . 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