Janella R.

Bico
Grade 11- St. Timothy (ABM)
1. Amado Vera Hernandez
- commonly known as Amado V. Hernandez (September 13, 1903 – March 24, 1970), was a Filipino writer and labor leader who
was known for his criticism of social injustices in the Philippines and was later imprisoned for his involvement in
the communist movement. He was the central figure in a landmark legal case that took 13 years to settle. He was born
in Tondo, Manila, to parents from Hagonoy, Bulacan. He grew up and studied at the Gagalangin, Tondo, the Manila High
School and at the American Correspondence School.
- While still a teenager, he began writing in Tagalog for the newspaper Watawat (Flag). He would later write a column for the
Tagalog publication Pagkakaisa (Unity) and become editor of Mabuhay (Long Live).
- His writings gained the attention of Tagalog literati and some of his stories and poems were included in anthologies, such
as Clodualdo del Mundo's Parolang Ginto and Alejandro Abadilla's Talaang Bughaw.
- His most significant activities after the war involved organizing labor unions across the country through the labor federation
Congress of Labor Organizations (CLO). Influenced by the philosophy of Marx he advocated revolution as a means of change.
On May 5, 1947, he led the biggest labor strike to hit Manila at that time. The following year, he became president of the CLO
and led another massive labor demonstration on May 1, 1948.

Works: 1. Mga Ibong Mandaragit (Birds of Prey),1969.

2. Luha Ng Buwaya (Crocodile's Tears), 1972.
3. Pili sa Pinili (Chosen from the Selected), 1964.
4. Isang Dipang Langit
5. Panata sa Kalayaan
6. Ang Mga Kayamanan ng Tao

2. Jose Garcia Villa (August 5, 1908 – February 7, 1997)

- He was a Filipino poet, literary critic, short story writer, and painter. He was awarded the National Artist of the
Philippines title for literature in 1973, as well as the Guggenheim Fellowship in creative writing by Conrad Aiken. He is known
to have introduced the "reversed consonance rhyme scheme" in writing poetry, as well as the extensive use of punctuation
marks—especially commas, which made him known as the Comma Poet. He used the penname Doveglion (derived from
"Dove, Eagle, Lion"), based on the characters he derived from himself.
Works: When I was Bigger Than A Huge, The Emperor’s New Sonnet, The Anchored Angel

3. Nick Joaquin (May 4, 1917 – April 29, 2004)

- Nicomedes "Nick" Márquez Joaquín was a Filipino writer and journalist best known for his short stories and novels in
the English language. He also wrote using the pen name Quijano de Manila. Joaquín was conferred the rank and title
of National Artist of the Philippines for Literature. He has been considered one of the most important Filipino writers, along
with José Rizal and Claro M. Recto. Joaquin's major works were written in English despite being a native Spanish speaker.
- The literary ability of Nick Joaquín allowed him to earn multiple distinction and honors in the field of Philippine literature. On
June 1, 1973, he won in the Seato Literary Award Contest for his submitted collection of short stories and poem. While on
May 27, 1976, he was a recipient of one the nation's most prestigious awards which carried material emoluments besides
honors and privileges. He was conferred the title of “National Artist for Literature” by the former president and Mrs. Marcos
during the special rites at the Cultural Center of the Philippines in 1976, on the condition that the Regime release Pete Lacaba,
the author of the poem "Prometheus Unbound" from detention.

Works: The Woman Who Had Two Navels, Ballad of the Five Battles, Rizal in Saga

4. Carlos P. Romulo (January 14, 1898 – December 15, 1985)

- was a Filipino diplomat, statesman, soldier, journalist and author. He was a reporter at 16, a newspaper editor by the age of
20, and a publisher at 32. He was a co-founder of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines, a general in the US Army and the Philippine
Army, university president, President of the UN General Assembly, was eventually named one of the Philippines' National
Artists in Literature, and was the recipient of many other honors and honorary degrees. His hometown is Camiling, Tarlac and
he studied at the Camiling Central Elementary School during his basic education.
- Romulo is perhaps among the most decorated Filipino in history, which includes 72 honorary degrees from different
international institutions and universities and 144 awards and decorations from foreign countries:
 Nobel Peace Prize nomination in 1952 "For his contribution in international cooperation, in particular on questions on
undeveloped areas, and as president for UN's 4th General Assembly"
 United States Presidential Medal of Freedom, January 12, 1984
Works: I Saw the Fall of the Philippines, Mother America, My Brother Americans

5. Francisco Arcellana (September 6, 1916 – August 1, 2002)

- Francisco "Franz" Arcellana was a Filipino writer, poet, essayist, critic, journalist and teacher. Arcellana already had ambitions
of becoming a writer early in his childhood. His actual writing, however, started when he became a member of The Torres
Torch Organization during his high school years. Arcellana continued writing in various school papers at the University of the
Philippines Diliman. Later on he received a Rockefeller Grant and became a fellow in Creative Writing at the University of
Iowa and at the Breadloaf Writers' Conference from 1956-1957.
- He is considered an important progenitor of the modern Filipino short story in English. Arcellana pioneered the development
of the short story as a lyrical prose-poetic form within Filipino literature.
Works: Poetry and Politics, The State of Original Writing in English and Philippines Today

6. N.V.M. Gonzales (September 8, 1915 – November 28, 1999)

- Néstor Vicente Madali González was a Filipino novelist, short story writer, essayist and poet. Conferred as the National
Artist of the Philippines for Literature in 1997.
- was raised in Mansalay, a southern town of the Philippine province of Oriental Mindoro. González was a son of a school
supervisor and a teacher. As a teenager, he helped his father by delivering meat door-to-door across provincial villages and
municipalities. González was also a musician. He played the violin and even made four guitars by hand.
Works: The Winds of April (1941)
A Season of Grace (1956)
The Bamboo Dancers (1988)
The Land And The Rain

7. Edith L. Tiempo (April 22, 1919 – August 21, 2011)

- poet, fiction writer, teacher and literary critic was a Filipino writer in the English language.
- Tiempo was born in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya.[2] Her poems are intricate verbal transfigurations of significant experiences
as revealed, in two of her much anthologized pieces, "Halaman" and "Bonsai."[2] As fictionist, Tiempo is as morally profound.
Her language has been marked as "descriptive but unburdened by scrupulous detailing." She is an influential tradition in
Philippine Literature in English. Together with her late husband, writer and critic Edilberto K. Tiempo, they founded (in 1962)
and directed the Silliman National Writers Workshop in Dumaguete City, which has produced some of the Philippines' best
writers.
- She was conferred the National Artist Award for Literature in 1999.
Works: A Blade of Fern (1978), His Native Coast (1979), The Alien Corn (1992), One, Tilting Leaves (1995)

8. F. Sionil Jose (December 3, 1924)

- Francisco Sionil José is one of the most widely read Filipino writers in the English language. His novels and short
stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles and colonialism in Filipino society. José's works written in English
have been translated into 28 languages, including Korean, Indonesian, Czech, Russian, Latvian, Ukrainian and Dutch.
- Five of José's works have won the Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature: his short stories The God Stealer in
1959, Waywaya in 1979, Arbol de Fuego(Firetree) in 1980, his novel Mass in 1981, and his essay A Scenario for Philippine
Resistance in 1979.
Works: The God Stealer and Other Stories (2001), Puppy Love and Thirteen Short Stories (March 15, 1998), Olvidon and Other
Stories (1988)

9. Virgilio S. Almario (March 9, 1944)

- Virgilio Senadrin Almario better known by his pen name Rio Alma, is a Filipino artist, poet, critic, translator, editor, teacher,
and cultural manager. He is a National Artist of the Philippines and currently serves as the chairman of the Komisyon sa
Wikang Filipino (KWF), the government agency mandated to promote and standardize the use of the Filipino language. On
January 5, 2017, Almario was also elected as the chairman of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts.
- Almario has been a recipient of numerous awards such as several Palanca Awards, two grand prizes from the Cultural Center
of the Philippines, the Makata ng Taon of the Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, the TOYM for literature, and the Southeast Asia
Write Award of Bangkok.
Works: Palipad-Hangin. (1985)
Katon Para sa Limang Pandama. (1987)
Sentimental. (2004)
Estremelenggoles. (2004)

10. Alejandro Roces (13 July 1924 – 23 May 2011)

 - was a Filipino author, essayist, dramatist and a National Artist of the Philippines for literature. He served as Secretary of
Education from 1961 to 1965, during the term of Philippine President Diosdado Macapagal.
- He graduated with a B.A. in Fine Arts and, not long after, attained his M.A. from Far Eastern University back in the Philippines.
He has since received honorary doctorates from Tokyo University, Baguio's St. Louis University, Polytechnic University of the
Philippines, and the Ateneo de Manila University. Roces was a captain in the Marking’s Guerilla during World War II and a
columnist in Philippine dailies such as the Manila Chronicle and the Manila Times. He was previously President of the Manila
Bulletin and of the CAP College Foundation.
- Through the years, Roces has won numerous awards, including the Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan Award, the Diwa ng Lahi
Award, the Tanging Parangal of the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining, and the Rizal Pro Patria Award. He was finally bestowed the
honor as National Artist of Literature on 25 June 2003.
Works: Of Cocks and Kites (1959), My Brother’s Peculiar Chicken, Fiesta (1980)

11. Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera (Aptil 11, 1932)

- Bienvenido Lumbera is a Filipino poet, critic and dramatist. He is a National Artist of the Philippines and a recipient of
the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communications. He won numerous literary awards,
including the National Book Awards from the National Book Foundation, and the Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards.
- Lumbera taught Literature, Philippine Studies and Creative Writing at the Ateneo de Manila University, De La Salle University,
the University of the Philippines Diliman, and the University of Santo Tomas. He was also appointed visiting professor of
Philippine Studies at Osaka University of Foreign Studies in Japan from 1985 to 1988 and the very first Asian scholar-in-
residence at the University of Hawaii at Manoa.
Works: Likhang Dila, Likhang Diwa; Balaybay,

12. Lazaro Francisco (February 22, 1898 – June 17, 1980)

- Lázaro Francisco y Angeles, also known as Lazaro A. Francisco, was a Filipinonovelist, essayist and playwright. Francisco is the
recipient of the National Artist of the Philippines for Literature, posthumously, in 2009.
- He started writing in 1925, with five of his novels took him to fame. Being an assessor in an agricultural province, most of his
writings were focused on small farmers and their current conditions with foreign businessmen. This lead him to win separate
awards from Commonwealth Literary Contest in 1940 and 1946, for his masterpieces, Singsing na
Pangkasal and Tatsulok, respectively.
Works: Ilaw sa Hilaga (North Light), 1946-1947
Sugat ng Alaala (Wound of Memory), 1951
Maganda pa ang Daigdig (The World is Still Beautiful), 1956
Daluyong (Wave), 1961

13. Cirilo F. Bautista (July 9, 1941 – May 6, 2018)

- was a Filipino poet, critic and writer of nonfiction. He was conferred with the National Artist of the Philippines award in
2014.
- He received his basic education from Legarda Elementary School (1st Honorable Mention, 1954) and Mapa High
School(Valedictorian, 1959). He received his degrees in AB Literature from the University of Santo Tomas (magna cum laude,
1963), MA Literature from St. Louis University, Baguio (magna cum laude, 1968), and Doctor of Arts in Language and
Literature from De La Salle University-Manila (1990). He received a fellowship to attend the International Writing Program at
the University of Iowa (1968–1969).
- Bautista taught creative writing and literature at St. Louis University (1963–1968) and the University of Santo Tomas(1969–
1970) before moving to De La Salle University-Manila in 1970. He is also a co-founding member of the Philippine Literary Arts
Council (PLAC) and a member of the Manila Critics Circle, Philippine Center of International PEN and the Philippine Writers
Academy.
Works: Summer suns (with Albert Casuga, 1963)
The Cave and Other Poems (1968)
The Archipelago (1970)

14. Resil Mojares (September 4, 1943)

- Resil B. Mojares is a Filipino historian and critic of Philippine literature best known for his books on Philippine history. He is acclaimed by
various writers and critics as the Visayan Titan of Letters, due to his immense contribution to Visayan literature. He was recognized in 2018
as a National Artist of the Philippines for Literature - a conferment which represents the Philippine state's highest recognition for artists.
- Mojares has a bachelor’s degree in English, a master’s degree in Literature and postgraduate studies all at the University of San Carlos, as
well as a Ph.D. in Literature from the University of the Philippines Diliman. A retired Professor at the University of San Carlos (USC) in Cebu
City, he was a founding director (1975–96) of USC's Cebuano Studies Center, a pioneering local studies center in the Philippines.
Works: The War Against The Americans, Resistance and Collaboration in Cebu Province