502

TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness
NOTATION: The notation for Table 11.2 applies with the following modifications: a and b refer to plate dimensions, and when used as subscripts for stress, they refer to the stresses in directions
parallel to the sides a and b, respectively. s is a bending stress which is positive when tensile on the bottom and compressive on the top if loadings are considered vertically downward. R is the
reaction force per unit length normal to the plate surface exerted by the boundary support on the edge of the plate. r0o is the equivalent radius of contact for a load concentrated on a very small area

Formulas for Stress and Strain

pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
and is given by r0o ¼ 1:6r2o þ t2  0:675t if ro < 0:5t and r0o ¼ ro if ro 5 0:5t

Case no.,
shape, and supports Case no., loading Formulas and tabulated specific values

bqb2 aqb4
1. Rectangular plate; all 1a. Uniform over entire (At center) smax ¼ sb ¼ 2 and ymax ¼
edges simply supported plate t Et3
(At center of long sides) Rmax ¼ gqb

a=b 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 1

b 0.2874 0.3762 0.4530 0.5172 0.5688 0.6102 0.7134 0.7410 0.7476 0.7500
a 0.0444 0.0616 0.0770 0.0906 0.1017 0.1110 0.1335 0.1400 0.1417 0.1421
g 0.420 0.455 0.478 0.491 0.499 0.503 0.505 0.502 0.501 0.500 (Ref. 21 for n ¼ 0:3)
 
3W 2b
1b. Uniform over small (At center) smax ¼ ð1 þ nÞ ln 0 þ b
2pt2 pro
concentric circle of
aWb2
radius ro (note ymax ¼
Et3
definition of r0o )
a=b 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 1

b 0.435 0.650 0.789 0.875 0.927 0.958 1.000

a 0.1267 0.1478 0.1621 0.1715 0.1770 0.1805 0.1851 (Ref. 21 for n ¼ 0:3)

[CHAP. 11
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

SEC.
bW
1c. Uniform over (At center) smax ¼ sb ¼ where W ¼ qa1 b1
t2
central rectangular

11.14]
area a1 =b a¼b a ¼ 1:4b a ¼ 2b
b1 =b 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.4 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0

0 1.82 1.38 1.12 0.93 0.76 2.0 1.55 1.12 0.84 0.75 1.64 1.20 0.97 0.78 0.64
0.2 1.82 1.28 1.08 0.90 0.76 0.63 1.78 1.43 1.23 0.95 0.74 0.64 1.73 1.31 1.03 0.84 0.68 0.57
0.4 1.39 1.07 0.84 0.72 0.62 0.52 1.39 1.13 1.00 0.80 0.62 0.55 1.32 1.08 0.88 0.74 0.60 0.50
0.6 1.12 0.90 0.72 0.60 0.52 0.43 1.10 0.91 0.82 0.68 0.53 0.47 1.04 0.90 0.76 0.64 0.54 0.44
0.8 0.92 0.76 0.62 0.51 0.42 0.36 0.90 0.76 0.68 0.57 0.45 0.40 0.87 0.76 0.63 0.54 0.44 0.38
1.0 0.76 0.63 0.52 0.42 0.35 0.30 0.75 0.62 0.57 0.47 0.38 0.33 0.71 0.61 0.53 0.45 0.38 0.30

(Values from charts of Ref. 8; n ¼ 0:3.)

1d. Uniformly bqb2 aqb4

smax ¼ and ymax ¼
increasing along t2 Et3
length a=b 1 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

b 0.16 0.26 0.34 0.38 0.43 0.47 0.49

a 0.022 0.043 0.060 0.070 0.078 0.086 0.091
(Values from charts of Ref. 8; n ¼ 0:3.)

1e. Uniformly bqb2 aqb4

smax ¼ and ymax ¼
increasing along t2 Et3
width a=b 1 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

b 0.16 0.26 0.32 0.35 0.37 0.38 0.38

a 0.022 0.042 0.056 0.063 0.067 0.069 0.070
(Values from charts of Ref. 8; n ¼ 0:3.)
Flat Plates
503
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

504
Case no.,
shape, and supports Case no., loading Formulas and tabulated specific values

1f. Uniform over entire qb4 qb2 qb2 a P p2 Et3

ymax ¼ a 3 ðsa Þmax ¼ bx 2 ðsb Þmax ¼ by 2 : Here a; bx ; and by depend on ratios and ; where PE ¼ ; and have

Formulas for Stress and Strain

plate plus uniform Et t t b PE 3ð1  n2 Þb2
tension or the following values:
compression
P lb=linear in Coef. P=PE 0 0.15 0.25 0.50 0.75 1 2 3 4 5
applied to short a=b
edges
P, Tension

1 0.044 0.039 0.030 0.023 0.015 0.011 0.008 0.0075

112 0.084 0.075 0.060 0.045 0.0305 0.024 0.019 0.0170
a 2 0.110 0.100 0.084 0.067 0.0475 0.0375 0.030 0.0260
3 0.133 0.125 0.1135 0.100 0.081 0.066 0.057 0.0490
4 0.140 0.136 0.1280 0.118 0.102 0.089 0.080 0.072

1 0.287 0.135 0.096 0.072 0.054 0.045

112 0.300 0.150 0.105 0.078 0.066 0.048
bx 2 0.278 0.162 0.117 0.093 0.075 0.069
3 0.246 0.180 0.150 0.126 0.105 0.093
4 0.222 0.192 0.168 0.156 0.138 0.124

1 0.287 0.132 0.084 0.054 0.036 0.030

112 0.487 0.240 0.156 0.114 0.090 0.072
by 2 0.610 0.360 0.258 0.198 0.162 0.138
3 0.713 0.510 0.414 0.348 0.294 0.258
4 0.741 0.624 0.540 0.480 0.420 0.372

P, Compression

1 0.044 0.060 0.094 0.180

112 0.084 0.109 0.155 0.237
a 2 0.110 0.139 0.161 0.181
3 0.131 0.145 0.150 0.150
4 0.140 0.142 0.142 0.138

1 0.287 0.372 0.606 1.236

112 0.300 0.372 0.522 0.846
bx 2 0.278 0.330 0.390 0.450
3 0.246 0.228 0.228 0.210
4 0.222 0.225 0.225 0.225

1 0.287 0.420 0.600 1.260

[CHAP. 11
112 0.487 0.624 0.786 1.380
by 2 0.610 0.720 0.900 1.020
3 0.713 0.750 0.792 0.750
4 0.741 0.750 0.750 0.750

In the above formulas sa and sb are stresses due to bending only; add direct stress P=t to sa (Ref. 41)

TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

1g. Uniform over entire qb4 qb2 qb2 a P p2 Et3

ymax ¼ a ðsa Þmax ¼ bx 2 ðsb Þmax ¼ by : Here a; bx ; and by depend on ratios and ; where PE ¼ ; and have
plate plus uniform Et3 t t2 b PE 3ð1  n2 Þb2

SEC.
tension P lb=linear the following values:
in applied to all

11.14]
edges
Coef. P=PE 0 0.15 0.5 1 2 3 4 5
a=b

1 0.044 0.035 0.022 0.015 0.008 0.006 0.004 0.003

112 0.084 0.060 0.035 0.022 0.012 0.008 0.006 0.005
a 2 0.110 0.075 0.042 0.025 0.014 0.010 0.007 0.006
3 0.133 0.085 0.045 0.026 0.016 0.011 0.008 0.007
4 0.140 0.088 0.046 0.026 0.016 0.011 0.008 0.007

1 0.287 0.216 0.132 0.084 0.048 0.033 0.026 0.021

112 0.300 0.204 0.117 0.075 0.045 0.031 0.024 0.020
bx 2 0.278 0.189 0.111 0.072 0.044 0.031 0.024 0.020
3 0.246 0.183 0.108 0.070 0.043 0.031 0.025 0.020
4 0.222 0.183 0.108 0.074 0.047 0.032 0.027 0.024

1 0.287 0.222 0.138 0.090 0.051 0.036 0.030 0.024

112 0.487 0.342 0.186 0.108 0.066 0.042 0.036 0.030
by 2 0.610 0.302 0.216 0.132 0.072 0.051 0.042 0.036
3 0.713 0.444 0.234 0.141 0.078 0.054 0.042 0.036
4 0.741 0.456 0.240 0.144 0.078 0.054 0.042 0.036

In the above formulas sa and sb are stresses due to bending only; add direct stress P=t to sa and sb : (Ref. 42)

bqb2 aqb4
2. Rectangular plate; three 2a. Uniform over entire smax ¼ 2 and ymax ¼
t Et3
edges simply supported, plate
one edge (b) free
a=b 0.50 0.667 1.0 1.5 2.0 4.0

b 0.36 0.45 0.67 0.77 0.79 0.80

a 0.080 0.106 0.140 0.160 0.165 0.167
Flat Plates

(Ref. 8 for v ¼ 0:3)

bqb2 aqb4
2d. Uniformly smax ¼ 2 and ymax ¼
t Et3
increasing along
the a side a=b 0.50 0.667 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
505

b 0.11 0.16 0.20 0.28 0.32 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37

a 0.026 0.033 0.040 0.050 0.058 0.064 0.067 0.069 0.070
(Ref. 8 for v ¼ 0:3)
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

506
Case no.,
shape, and supports Case no., loading Formulas and tabulated specific values

3. Rectangular plate; three 3a. Uniform over entire bqb 2

aqb 4

Formulas for Stress and Strain

smax ¼ and ymax ¼
edges simply supported, plate t2 Et3
one short edge (b) fixed a=b 1 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

b 0.50 0.67 0.73 0.74 0.75 0.75 0.75

a 0.030 0.071 0.101 0.122 0.132 0.137 0.139

(Values from charts of Ref. 8; n ¼ 0:3)

4. Rectangular plate; three 4a. Uniform over entire bqb2 aqb4

smax ¼ and ymax ¼
edges simply supported, plate t2 Et3
one long edge (a) fixed
a=b 1 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

b 0.50 0.66 0.73 0.74 0.74 0.75 0.75

a 0.030 0.046 0.054 0.056 0.057 0.058 0.058
(Values from charts of Ref. 8; n ¼ 0:3)

5. Rectangular plate; two bqb2

5a. Uniform over entire (At center of short edges) smax ¼
long edges simply t2
plate
supported, two short aqb4
(At center) ymax ¼
edges fixed Et3
a=b 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 1

b 0.4182 0.5208 0.5988 0.6540 0.6912 0.7146 0.750

a 0.0210 0.0349 0.0502 0.0658 0.0800 0.0922
(Ref. 21)

bqb2
6. Rectangular plate; two 6a. Uniform over entire (At center of long edges) smax ¼
t2
long edges fixed, two plate
aqb4
short edges simply (At center) ymax ¼
Et3
supported
a=b 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 1

[CHAP. 11
b 0.4182 0.4626 0.4860 0.4968 0.4971 0.4973 0.500
a 0.0210 0.0243 0.0262 0.0273 0.0280 0.0283 0.0285
(Ref. 21)

TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

SEC.
b1 qb2
7. Rectangular plate; one 7a. Uniform over entire (At center of fixed edge) s ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
t2
edge fixed, opposite edge plate

11.14]
b qb2
free, remaining edges (At center of free edge) s¼ 22
t
simply supported
(At end of free edge) R ¼ g2 qb
a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.044 0.176 0.380 0.665 1.282 1.804 2.450

b2 0.048 0.190 0.386 0.565 0.730 0.688 0.434
g1 0.183 0.368 0.541 0.701 0.919 1.018 1.055
g2 0.131 0.295 0.526 0.832 1.491 1.979 2.401
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2)

7aa. Uniform over of 2 bqb 2

3 (At center of fixed edge) s ¼ and R ¼ gqb
plate from fixed t2
edge
a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b 0.044 0.161 0.298 0.454 0.730 0.932 1.158

g 0.183 0.348 0.466 0.551 0.645 0.681 0.689
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2)

7aaa. Uniform over 13 of bqb2

(At center of fixed edge) s ¼ and R ¼ gqb
plate from fixed t2
edge
a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b 0.040 0.106 0.150 0.190 0.244 0.277 0.310

g 0.172 0.266 0.302 0.320 0.334 0.338 0.338
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

bqb2
7d. Uniformly (At center of fixed edge) s ¼ and R ¼ gqb
Flat Plates

t2
decreasing from
fixed edge to free
edge a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b 0.037 0.120 0.212 0.321 0.523 0.677 0.866

g 0.159 0.275 0.354 0.413 0.482 0.509 0.517 (Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ
507
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

Case no.,

508
shape, and supports Case no., loading Formulas and tabulated specific values

bqb 2
7dd. Uniformly (At center of fixed edge) s ¼ and R ¼ gqb
t2
decreasing from

Formulas for Stress and Strain

fixed edge to zero a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0
at 23 b
b 0.033 0.094 0.146 0.200 0.272 0.339 0.400
g 0.148 0.233 0.277 0.304 0.330 0.339 0.340
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2)

bqb2
7ddd. Uniformly (At center of fixed edge) s ¼ and R ¼ gqb
t2
decreasing from
fixed edge to a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0
zero at 13 b
b 0.023 0.048 0.061 0.073 0.088 0.097 0.105
g 0.115 0.149 0.159 0.164 0.167 0.168 0.168
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2)

b1 wb
7f. Distributed line load (At center of fixed edge) sb ¼ and R ¼ g1 w
t2
w lb=in along free
b wb
edge (At center of free edge) sa ¼ 2 2
t
(At ends of free edge) R ¼ g2 w

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.000 0.024 0.188 0.570 1.726 2.899 4.508

b2 0.321 0.780 1.204 1.554 1.868 1.747 1.120
g1 0.000 0.028 0.160 0.371 0.774 1.004 1.119
g2 1.236 2.381 3.458 4.510 6.416 7.772 9.031 (Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2)

b1 qb2
8. Rectangular plate, all 8a. Uniform over entire (At center of long edge) smax ¼
t2
edges fixed plate
b qb2
aqb4
(At center) s ¼ 2 2 and ymax ¼
t Et3

[CHAP. 11
a=b 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 1

b1 0.3078 0.3834 0.4356 0.4680 0.4872 0.4974 0.5000

b2 0.1386 0.1794 0.2094 0.2286 0.2406 0.2472 0.2500
a 0.0138 0.0188 0.0226 0.0251 0.0267 0.0277 0.0284 (Refs. 7 and 25 and Ref. 21 for n ¼ 0:3)

TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

SEC.
 
8b. Uniform over small 3W 2b aWb2
(At center) sb ¼ ð1 þ nÞ ln 0 þ b1 and ymax ¼

11.14]
concentric circle of 2pt2 pro Et3
radius ro (note b2 W
definition of r0o ) (At center of long edge) sb ¼
t2

a=b 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 1

b1  0.238  0.078 0.011 0.053 0.068 0.067 0.067

b2 0.7542 0.8940 0.9624 0.9906 1.0000 1.004 1.008
a 0.0611 0.0706 0.0754 0.0777 0.0786 0.0788 0.0791

(Ref. 26 and Ref. 21 for n ¼ 0:3Þ

8d. Uniformly b1 qb 2

ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0 ðsb Þmax ¼
decreasing t2
parallel to side b
b2 qb2 b qb2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0:4bÞ sb ¼ and sa ¼ 3 2
t2 t

b4 qb2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ bÞ sb ¼
t2
 a  b5 qb2
At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:45b ðsa Þmax ¼
2 t2

aqb4
ymax ¼
Et3

a=b 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

b1 0.1132 0.1778 0.2365 0.2777 0.3004 0.3092 0.3100 0.3068

b2 0.0410 0.0633 0.0869 0.1038 0.1128 0.1255 0.1157 0.1148
b3
Flat Plates

0.0637 0.0688 0.0762 0.0715 0.0610 0.0509 0.0415 0.0356

b4 0.0206 0.0497 0.0898 0.1249 0.1482 0.1615 0.1680 0.1709
b5 0.1304 0.1436 0.1686 0.1800 0.1845 0.1874 0.1902 0.1908
a 0.0016 0.0047 0.0074 0.0097 0.0113 0.0126 0.0133 0.0136
(Ref. 28 for n ¼ 0:3)
509
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

510
Case no.,
shape, and supports Case no., loading Formulas and tabulated specific values

b1 qb2

Formulas for Stress and Strain

9. Rectangular plate, three 9a. Uniform over entire
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
edges fixed, one edge plate t2
(a) simply supported
b2 qb 2
b3 qb2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0:6bÞ sb ¼ and sa ¼
t2 t2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ bÞ R ¼ g2 qb
 a  b4 qb2
At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:6b sa ¼ and R ¼ g3 qb
2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.020 0.081 0.173 0.307 0.539 0.657 0.718

b2 0.004 0.018 0.062 0.134 0.284 0.370 0.422
b3 0.016 0.061 0.118 0.158 0.164 0.135 0.097
b4 0.031 0.121 0.242 0.343 0.417 0.398 0.318
g1 0.115 0.230 0.343 0.453 0.584 0.622 0.625
g2 0.123 0.181 0.253 0.319 0.387 0.397 0.386
g3 0.125 0.256 0.382 0.471 0.547 0.549 0.530
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

b1 qb2
9aa. Uniform over 23 of ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
t2
plate from fixed
edge b2 qb2 b3 qb2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0:6bÞ sb ¼ and sa ¼
t2 t2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ bÞ R ¼ g2 qb
 a  b4 qb2
At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:4b sa ¼ and R ¼ g3 qb
2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.020 0.080 0.164 0.274 0.445 0.525 0.566

b2 0.003 0.016 0.044 0.093 0.193 0.252 0.286
b3 0.012 0.043 0.081 0.108 0.112 0.091 0.066

[CHAP. 11
b4 0.031 0.111 0.197 0.255 0.284 0.263 0.204
g1 0.115 0.230 0.334 0.423 0.517 0.542 0.543
g2 0.002 0.015 0.048 0.088 0.132 0.139 0.131
g3 0.125 0.250 0.345 0.396 0.422 0.417 0.405 (Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2)

TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

SEC.
9aaa. Uniform over 13 of b1 qb2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
plate from fixed t2

11.14]
edge b qb2 b3 qb2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0:2bÞ sb ¼ 2 2 and sa ¼
t t2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ bÞ R ¼ g2 qb
 a  b4 qb2
At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:2b sa ¼ and R ¼ g3 qb
2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.020 0.068 0.108 0.148 0.194 0.213 0.222

b2 0.005 0.026 0.044 0.050 0.047 0.041 0.037
b3 0.013 0.028 0.031 0.026 0.016 0.011 0.008
b4 0.026 0.063 0.079 0.079 0.068 0.056 0.037
g1 0.114 0.210 0.261 0.290 0.312 0.316 0.316
g2 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.011 0.020 0.021 0.020
g3 0.111 0.170 0.190 0.185 0.176 0.175 0.190
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2)

9d. Uniformly b1 qb 2

ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0 ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
decreasing from t2
fixed edge to simply  a  b2 qb 2
At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:4bÞ sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
supported edge 2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.018 0.064 0.120 0.192 0.303 0.356 0.382

b2 0.019 0.068 0.124 0.161 0.181 0.168 0.132
g1 0.106 0.195 0.265 0.323 0.383 0.399 0.400
g2 0.075 0.152 0.212 0.245 0.262 0.258 0.250
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2)
Flat Plates
511
 512
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

Case no.,

Formulas for Stress and Strain

shape, and supports Case no., loading Formulas and tabulated specific values

9dd. Uniformly b1 qb2

ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
decreasing t2
from fixed edge to  
a b2 qb2
zero at 23 b At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:4b if a 5 b or z ¼ 0:2b if a < b sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.017 0.056 0.095 0.140 0.201 0.228 0.241

b2 0.019 0.050 0.068 0.098 0.106 0.097 0.074
g1 0.101 0.177 0.227 0.262 0.294 0.301 0.301
g2 0.082 0.129 0.146 0.157 0.165 0.162 0.158
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

9ddd. Uniformly b1 qb2

ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
decreasing from t2
fixed edge to zero  
a b2 qb2
at 13 b At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:2b sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.014 0.035 0.047 0.061 0.075 0.080 0.082

b2 0.010 0.024 0.031 0.030 0.025 0.020 0.013
g1 0.088 0.130 0.146 0.155 0.161 0.162 0.162
g2 0.046 0.069 0.079 0.077 0.074 0.074 0.082
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2

[CHAP. 11
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

SEC.
10. Rectangular plate; three 10a. Uniform over entire b1 qb2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
edges fixed, one edge plate t2

11.14]
(a) free b qb 2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ bÞ sa ¼ 2 2
t
 a  b3 qb2
At x ¼  ; z ¼ b sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.020 0.081 0.173 0.321 0.727 1.226 2.105

b2 0.016 0.066 0.148 0.259 0.484 0.605 0.519
b3 0.031 0.126 0.286 0.511 1.073 1.568 1.982
g1 0.114 0.230 0.341 0.457 0.673 0.845 1.012
g2 0.125 0.248 0.371 0.510 0.859 1.212 1.627
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

10aa. Uniform over 23 of b1 qb 2

ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
plate from fixed t2
edge  a  b2 qb2
At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:6b for a > b or z ¼ 0:4b for a 4 b sa ¼ and r ¼ g2 qb
2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.020 0.080 0.164 0.277 0.501 0.710 1.031

b2 0.031 0.110 0.198 0.260 0.370 0.433 0.455
g1 0.115 0.230 0.334 0.424 0.544 0.615 0.674
g2 0.125 0.250 0.344 0.394 0.399 0.409 0.393
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

10aaa. Uniform over b1 qb2

ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
1
3 of plate from
t2
fixed edge  a  b2 qb2
At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:2b sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
2 t2
Flat Plates

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.020 0.068 0.110 0.148 0.202 0.240 0.290

b2 0.026 0.063 0.084 0.079 0.068 0.057 0.040
g1 0.115 0.210 0.257 0.291 0.316 0.327 0.335
g2 0.111 0.170 0.194 0.185 0.174 0.170 0.180 (Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ
513
 514
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

Case no.,

Formulas for Stress and Strain

shape and supports Case no., loading Formulas and tabulated specific values

10d. Uniformly b1 qb2

ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
decreasing from t2
fixed edge to  
a b2 qb2
zero at free edge At x ¼  ; z ¼ b if a > b or z ¼ 0:4b if a < b sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.018 0.064 0.120 0.195 0.351 0.507 0.758

b2 0.019 0.068 0.125 0.166 0.244 0.387 0.514
g1 0.106 0.195 0.265 0.324 0.406 0.458 0.505
g2 0.075 0.151 0.211 0.242 0.106 0.199 0.313
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

10dd. Uniformly b1 qb2

ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
decreasing from t2
fixed edge to zero  
a b2 qb2
at 23 b At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:4b if a 5 b or z ¼ 0:2b if a < b sb ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.017 0.056 0.095 0.141 0.215 0.277 0.365

b2 0.019 0.050 0.068 0.099 0.114 0.113 0.101
g1 0.102 0.177 0.227 0.263 0.301 0.320 0.336
g2 0.082 0.129 0.146 0.157 0.163 0.157 0.146
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

[CHAP. 11
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

SEC.
b1 qb2
10ddd. Uniformly ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
t2

11.14]
decreasing from  
fixed edge to a b2 qb2
At x ¼  ; z ¼ 0:2b sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
zero at 13 b 2 t2

a=b 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0

b1 0.014 0.035 0.047 0.061 0.076 0.086 0.100

b2 0.010 0.024 0.031 0.030 0.025 0.020 0.014
g1 0.088 0.130 0.146 0.156 0.162 0.165 0.167
g2 0.046 0.069 0.079 0.077 0.073 0.073 0.079
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

b1 qb2
11. Rectangular plate; 11a. Uniform over entire ðAt x ¼ a; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
t2
two adjacent edges plate
 
fixed, two remaining b b b2 qb2
edges free At x ¼ 0; z ¼ b if a > or a ¼ 0:8b if a 4 sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
2 2 t2

a=b 0.125 0.25 0.375 0.50 0.75 1.0

b1 0.050 0.182 0.353 0.631 1.246 1.769

b2 0.047 0.188 0.398 0.632 1.186 1.769
g1 0.312 0.572 0.671 0.874 1.129 1.183
g2 0.127 0.264 0.413 0.557 0.829 1.183
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2)

b1 qb 2
11aa. Uniform over ðAt x ¼ a; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
t2
plate from z ¼ 0  
to z ¼ 23 b b b b2 qb2
At x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0:6b if a > or z ¼ 0:4b if a 4 sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
2 2 t2
Flat Plates

a=b 0.125 0.25 0.375 0.50 0.75 1.0

b1 0.050 0.173 0.297 0.465 0.758 0.963

b2 0.044 0.143 0.230 0.286 0.396 0.435
g1 0.311 0.543 0.563 0.654 0.741 0.748
g2 0.126 0.249 0.335 0.377 0.384 0.393 (Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ
515
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

516
Case no.,
shape, and supports Case no., loading Formulas and tabulated specific values

Formulas for Stress and Strain

b1 qb 2
11aaa. Uniform over ðAt x ¼ a; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
t2
plate from z ¼ 0  
to z ¼ 13 b b b b2 qb2
At x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0:4b if a > or z ¼ 0:2b if a 4 sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
2 2 t2

a=b 0.125 0.25 0.375 0.50 0.75 1.0

b1 0.034 0.099 0.143 0.186 0.241 0.274

b2 0.034 0.068 0.081 0.079 0.085 0.081
g1 0.222 0.311 0.335 0.343 0.349 0.347
g2 0.109 0.162 0.180 0.117 0.109 0.105
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

11d. Uniformly b1 qb2

ðAt x ¼ a; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
decreasing from t2
 
z ¼ 0 to z ¼ b b b b2 qb2
At x ¼ 0; z ¼ b if a ¼ b; or z ¼ 0:6b if 4 a < b; or z ¼ 0:4b if a < sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
2 2 t2

a=b 0.125 0.25 0.375 0.50 0.75 1.0

b1 0.043 0.133 0.212 0.328 0.537 0.695

b2 0.028 0.090 0.148 0.200 0.276 0.397
g1 0.271 0.423 0.419 0.483 0.551 0.559
g2 0.076 0.151 0.205 0.195 0.230 0.192
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

11dd. Uniformly b1 qb2

ðAt x ¼ a; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
decreasing t2
from z ¼ 0 to b2 qb2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0:4b if a 5 0:375b; or z ¼ 0:2b if a < 0:375bÞ sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
z ¼ 23 b t2

a=b 0.125 0.25 0.375 0.50 0.75 1.0

b1 0.040 0.109 0.154 0.215 0.304 0.362

[CHAP. 11
b2 0.026 0.059 0.089 0.107 0.116 0.113
g1 0.250 0.354 0.316 0.338 0.357 0.357
g2 0.084 0.129 0.135 0.151 0.156 0.152 (Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

SEC.
b1 qb2
11ddd. Uniformly ðAt x ¼ a; z ¼ 0Þ ðsb Þmax ¼ and R ¼ g1 qb
decreasing t2

11.14]
from z ¼ 0 b2 qb 2
to z ¼ 13 b ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0:2bÞ sa ¼ and R ¼ g2 qb
t2
a=b 0.125 0.25 0.375 0.50 0.75 1.0

b1 0.025 0.052 0.071 0.084 0.100 0.109

b2 0.014 0.028 0.031 0.029 0.025 0.020
g1 0.193 0.217 0.170 0.171 0.171 0.171
g2 0.048 0.072 0.076 0.075 0.072 0.072
(Ref. 49 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

12. Continuous plate; 12a. Uniform over (At edge of support)

supported at equal entire surface  2  
0:15q 4 1
intervals a on circular sa ¼ 2 a  ro þ4 when 0:15 4 n < 0:30 ðRef: 9Þ
t 3 n
supports of radius ro  
3qa2 a r2
or sa ¼ ð1 þ nÞ ln  21ð1  nÞ o2  0:55  1:50n when n < 0:15
2pt2 ro a
ðRef: 11Þ
2r
where n ¼ o
a

13. Continuous plate; 13b. Uniform over a (Under the load)

supported continuously small circle of   sffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
radius ro , remote 3W ð1 þ nÞ L 4 Et3
on an elastic foundation smax ¼ ln e þ 0:6159 where Le ¼
of modulus k (lb=in2=in) from edges 2pt2 ro 12ð1  n2 Þk
W
Max foundation pressure qo ¼
8L2e
W
ymax ¼
8kL2e
(Ref. 14)
Flat Plates
517
 TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

518
Case no.,
shape, and supports Case no., loading Formulas and tabulated specific values

13bb. Uniform over a (Under the load)

Formulas for Stress and Strain

small circle of  
0:863W ð1 þ nÞ L
radius ro , adjacent smax ¼ ln e þ 0:207
t2 ro
to edge but remote
from corner W
ymax ¼ 0:408ð1 þ 0:4nÞ
kL2e

(Ref. 14)
 
13bbb. Uniform over a r W
(At the corner) ymax ¼ 1:1  1:245 o
small circle of Le kL2e
radius ro , pffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi
adjacent to a (At a distance ¼ 2:38 ro Le from the corner along diagonal)
"  0:6 #
corner 3W r
smax ¼ 2 1  1:083 o
t Le

(Ref. 14)

14. Parallelogram plate 14a. Uniform over bqb2 aqb4

(At center of plate) smax ¼ 2 and ymax ¼
(skew slab); all edges entire plate t Et3
simply supported
For a=b ¼ 2:0

y 0 30 45 60 75

b 0.585 0.570 0.539 0.463 0.201

a 0.119 0.118 0.108 0.092 0.011 (Ref. 24 for n ¼ 0:2Þ

15. Parallelogram plate 15a. Uniform over b1 qb2

a1 qb 4
(Along free edge) smax ¼ and ymax
(skew slab); shorter entire plate t2 Et3
edges simply supported,
b2 qb2 a2 qb4
longer edges free (At center of plate) smax ¼ and ymax ¼
t2 Et3
For a=b ¼ 2:0

[CHAP. 11
y 0 30 45 60

b1 3.05 2.20 1.78 0.91

b2 2.97 2.19 1.75 1.00
a1 2.58 1.50 1.00 0.46 (Ref. 24 for n ¼ 0:2Þ
a2 2.47 1.36 0.82 0.21

TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

b1 qb2
16. Parallelogram plate 16a. Uniform over entire Along longer edge toward obtuse angle) smax ¼

SEC.
t2
(skew slab); all edges plate
b2 qb2 aqb4
fixed (At center of plate) s ¼ and ymax ¼
t2 Et3

11.14]
y a=b 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 3.00

b1 0.308 0.400 0.454 0.481 0.497

0 b2 0.138 0.187 0.220 0.239 0.247
a 0.0135 0.0195 0.0235 0.0258 0.0273

b1 0.320 0.412 0.483 0.531 0.553

15 b2 0.135 0.200 0.235 0.253 0.261
a 0.0127 0.0189 0.0232 0.0257 0.0273

b1 0.400 0.495 0.547 0.568 0.580

30 b2 0.198 0.221 0.235 0.245 0.252
a 0.0168 0.0218 0.0249 0.0268 0.0281

b1 0.394 0.470 0.531 0.575 0.601

45 b2 0.218 0.244 0.260 0.265 0.260
a 0.0165 0.0208 0.0242 0.0265 0.0284

b1 0.310 0.450 0.538 0.613

60 b2 0.188 0.204 0.214 0.224
a 0.0136 0.0171 0.0198 0.0245
(Ref. 53 for n ¼ 13Þ

17. Equilateral triangle; all 17a. Uniform over entire 0:1488qa2

ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0:062aÞ ðsz Þmax ¼
edges simply supported plate t2

0:1554qa2
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0:129aÞ ðsx Þmax ¼
t2

qa4 ð1  n2 Þ
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ ymax ¼
81Et3
Flat Plates

(Refs. 21 and 23 for n ¼ 0:3)

 
17b. Uniform over 3W 1  n 0:377a
ðAt x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0Þ smax ¼ þ ð1 þ nÞ ln
small circle of 2pt2 2 r0o
radius ro
at x ¼ 0; z ¼ 0 ymax ¼ 0:069W ð1  n2 Þa2 =Et3
519
TABLE 11.4 Formulas for flat plates with straight boundaries and constant thickness (Continued )

520
Case no.,
shape, and supports Case no., loading Formulas and tabulated specific values

0:262qa2

Formulas for Stress and Strain

18. Right-angle isosceles 18a. Uniform over smax ¼ sz ¼
t2
triangle; all edges entire plate
simply supported 0:225qa2
ðsx Þmax ¼
t2

0:038qa4
ymax ¼
Et3

(Ref. 21 for n ¼ 0:3Þ

19. Regular polygonal 19a. Uniform over bqa2 aqa4

(At center) s¼ 2 and ymax ¼
plate; all edges simply entire plate t Et3
supported xqa3
(At center of straight edge) Max slope ¼
Et3

n 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 1

b 1.302 1.152 1.086 1.056 1.044 1.038 1.038 1.044 1.074 1.236
a 0.910 0.710 0.635 0.599 0.581 0.573 0.572 0.572 0.586 0.695
x 1.535 1.176 1.028 0.951 0.910 0.888 0.877 0.871 0.883 1.050
Number of sides ¼ n
(Ref. 55 for n ¼ 0:3Þ

b1 qa 2
aqa 4
20. Regular polygonal 20a. Uniform over (At center ) s¼ and ymax ¼
t2 Et3
plate; all edges fixed entire plate
b2 qa2
(At center of straight edge) smax ¼
t2

n 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1

b 0.589 0.550 0.530 0.518 0.511 0.506 0.503 0.500 0.4875

b2 1.423 1.232 1.132 1.068 1.023 0.990 0.964 0.944 0.750
a 0.264 0.221 0.203 0.194 0.188 0.184 0.182 0.180 0.171
Number of sides ¼ n (Ref. 55 for n ¼ 0:3Þ

[CHAP. 11