Calcium carbonate

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Calcium carbonate

Names
IUPAC name
Calcium carbonate
Other names
calcite; aragonite; chalk; Lime (material); Limestone; marble; oyster; pearl;
Identifiers
 471-34-1
CAS Number
 Interactive image
3D model (JSmol)  Interactive image

 CHEBI:3311
ChEBI
 ChEMBL1200539
ChEMBL
 9708
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.006.765
EC Number 207-439-9
E number E170 (colours)
  D00932
KEGG
 10112
PubChem CID
RTECS number FF9335000
 H0G9379FGK
UNII
 DTXSID3036238
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

InChI[show]
SMILES[show]
Properties
Chemical formula CaCO3
Molar mass 100.0869 g/mol
Appearance Fine white powder; chalky taste
Odor odorless
2.711 g/cm3 (calcite)
Density
2.83 g/cm3 (aragonite)
1,339 °C (2,442 °F; 1,612 K) (calcite)
Melting point
825 °C (1,517 °F; 1,098 K) (aragonite)[4][5]
Boiling point decomposes
Solubility in water 0.013 g/L (25 °C)[1][2]
Solubility product (Ksp) 3.3×10−9[3]
Solubility in dilute acids soluble
Acidity (pKa) 9.0
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) −3.82×10−5 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD) 1.59
Structure
Crystal structure Trigonal
Space group 32/m
Thermochemistry
Std molar
93 J·mol−1·K−1[6]
entropy (So298)
Std enthalpy of
−1207 kJ·mol−1[6]
formation (ΔfH⦵298)
Pharmacology
ATC code A02AC01 (WHO) A12AA04 (WHO)
Hazards
Safety data sheet ICSC 1193
NFPA 704
0
0
0
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose) 6450 mg/kg (oral, rat)
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible) TWA 15 mg/m3 (total) TWA 5 mg/m3 (resp)[7]
Related compounds
Other anions Calcium bicarbonate
Magnesium carbonate
Other cations Strontium carbonate
Barium carbonate
Related compounds Calcium sulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C
[77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Crystal structure of calcite

Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3. It is a common substance
found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite (most notably as limestone, which is a type
of sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcite) and is the main component of pearls and the
shells of marine organisms, snails, and eggs. Calcium carbonate is the active ingredient in
agricultural lime and is created when calcium ions in hard water react with carbonate ions to
create limescale. It is medicinally used as a calcium supplement or as an antacid, but excessive
consumption can be hazardous.