Tsai–Hill failure theory

This theory is based on the distortion energy failure theory of Von-Mises’ distortional energy
yield criterion for isotropic materials as applied to anisotropic materials. Distortion energy is actually
a part of the total strain energy in a body. The strain energy in a body consists of two parts; one due
to a change in volume and is called the dilation energy and the second is due to a change in shape
and is called the distortion energy. It is assumed that failure in the material takes place only when
the distortion energy is greater than the failure distortion energy of the material. Hill adopted the
Von- Mises’ distortional energy yield criterion to anisotropic materials. Then, Tsai adapted it to a
unidirectional lamina.

S 112 S 11 S 22 2
S 22 S 122
IF    2  2
X2 X2 Y S < 1.0 3.1

Where,

If 11  0, X  X t , otherwise X  X c . If  22  0, Y  Yt , otherwise Y  Yc .

The material or sample is said to be failed when the value of I F > 1

3.8.2 Tsai–Wu failure theory

This failure theory is based on the total strain energy failure theory of Beltrami. Tsai-Wu
applied the failure theory to a lamina in plane stress. This failure theory is more general than the
Tsai–Hill failure theory because it distinguishes between the compressive and tensile strengths of a
lamina.

I F  F1 S11  F2 S 22  F11 S112  F22 S 222  F66 S122  2F12 S11 S 22  1.0 3.2

Where,

1 1
F1  
Xt Xc

1 1
F2  
Yt Yc

1
F11 
Xt Xc

1
F22 
Yt Yc

1
F66 
S2

 biax is the equilibrium stress at failure, If it is known, then

 1   1 1 1 1  1 1  2 
F12   1       biax     biax 
2 biax   t
2 X X c Yt Yc  t c
X X Yt c
Y 
3.3

Otherwise,

F12 *f F11 F22 ,

*
Where,  1.0  F12  1.0 , the default value of f is zero. For the Tsai-Wu failure criterion either
*
f or  biax must be given as input data. The coefficient * f is ignored if  biax is given.

3.9 Hashins damage criteria

Fiber tension :

3.4

Fiber compression :

3.5

Matrix tension :

3.6

Matrix compression :

3.7

In the above equations

- Denotes the longitudinal tensile strength;

- Denotes the longitudinal compressive strength;

- Denotes the transverse tensile strength;

- Denotes the transverse compressive strength;

- Denotes the longitudinal shear strength;

- Denotes the transverse shear strength