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name) was frequently arranged around a mystic pentagram, where each of the five
Hebrew letters י ה ש ו הwas placed at one of the points (the letter shin שwas
always placed at the upward-pointing vertex of the pentagram).[2] One of the
earliest attested examples of this diagram is in the Calendarium Naturale Magicum
Perpetuum or "Magical Calendar" (published 1620 but dated 1582)[3] of either
Theodor de Bry (Flemish-born German, 1528–1598) or Matthäus Merian the Elder
(Swiss, 1593–1650).[4] This idea of the Pentagrammaton was funneled into modern
occultism by 19th-century French writer Eliphas Levi and the influential late 19th-
century Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. The Golden Dawn favored the
consonantal transcription IHShVH or YHShVH, and the pronunciation Yeheshuah.