The positive - make it with 'had' + the past participle (usually made

by adding 'ed' to the infinitive, but a few verbs have irregular past
participles):

 I had been (I'd been)

 You had gone (you'd gone)
 She had met (she'd met)
 He had played (he'd played)
 It had rained (it'd rained)
 We had bought (we'd bought)
 They had studied (they'd studied)

The short form for 'had' is 'd.

(Be careful not to confuse it with 'would'. Would is followed by
the infinitive – as in, 'I'd go', whereas had is followed by the past
participle – as in, 'I'd gone').

For the negative just add 'not':

 I had not been (I hadn't been)

 You had not gone (you hadn't gone)
 She had not met (she hadn't met)
 He had not played (he hadn't played)
 It had not rained (it hadn't rained)
 We had not bought (we hadn't bought)
 They had not studied (they hadn't studied)

And to make a 'yes / no' question put 'had' before the subject:
  Had I come?
 Had you eaten?
 Had she gone?
 Had it rained?
 Had he studied?
 Had we met?
 Had they left?

For 'wh' questions put the question word at the beginning:

 When had I come?

 Why had you eaten?
 Where had she gone?
 When had it rained?
 Why had he studied?
 How had we met?
 When had they left?