WRITIN

ESSAY G
Descriptive

 Introduction
 1st feature
 2nd feature
 Conclusion

Discursive

 Introduction
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Conclusion

Argumentative

 Introduction
 1st reason
 2nd reason
 Conclusion

INTRODUCTION:
For decades, one of the most popular ideas in …… is the idea that ….
It is often said (Se suele decir que...)
It is a well-known fact that... (Todo el mundo sabe que)
A problem that is often debated nowadays is that of...
One of the most striking features / aspects of this problem / issue / topic
/ question... (Una de las características / aspectos más relevantes de este
problema / tema / pregunta..)
By way of introduction... (A manera de introducción)
to begin with
in order to decide whether.... or not
to outline the main points
firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally / eventually
MAIN BODY
-EXPLAIN: In order to (In order to understand X, we need first to
understand)
In other words (Frogs are amphibians. In other words, they live on the
land and in the water)
To put it another way (Plants rely on photosynthesis. To put it another
way, they will die without the sun)
That is to say (Whales are mammals. That is to say, they must breathe air)

-ADD: Moreover/Furthermore/Besides (además)

Another key thing to remember
As well as (instead of “also” or “and”).
Not to mention/to say nothing of (extra information with a bit of
emphasis.;“The war caused unprecedented suffering to millions of people,
not to mention its impact on the country’s economy.”).

-GIVE EXAMPLE: one such example is (un ejemplo es)

such as (tal, tales como)
in other words (en otras palabras)
for example/for instance
let me exemplify this concept by/with
that is to say

-CONTRAST
although/though (aunque)
in spite of /despite +noun or -ing /despite the fact that (a pesar de)
however/nevertheless (sin embargo)
on the other hand ( por otra parte)
Alternatively (si no, otra posibilidad es que...)
Instead of (en vez de...)

-COMPARISON
In comparison with/ compared with / when compared
Whereas / whilst (Mientras que)
In contrast to... (En contraste con).
As opposed to... /Unlike... (A diferencia de...)

- POSSIBILITY AND PROBABILITY

It is highly probable that... (Es muy probable que...)
There is a strong chance that... (Hay muchas posibilidades de que...)
It is reasonable to think that... (Es razonable pensar que)
It would seem that... (Según parece......)
There is reason to believe that... (Hay razones para pensar que...)

-LINKING:
As I have said before…
With respect to the point on…
Regarding…
Like I have said…
In relation to…
Taking into account…

-SPECULATING (LOOK AT GRAMMAR STRUCTURES HERE):

Probably – He will probably do the exam next week
Perhaps/maybe – Perhaps he doesn´t have time
May/might/could – You might be luckier next time
What if – What if he doesn´t arrive on time?

GRAMMAR THAT WILL IMPRESS:

-PARTICIPLE PHRASES AND GERUNDS UP FRONT:
"Burning plastics produces dioxins."
"Reducing the retirement age would create significant difficulties for
pension funds."
"Having been bullied at school, I know how psychologically damaging
this can be."
"Having been released from prison, many people subsequently
reoffend."

-CONDITIONALS WITH INVERSIONS INSTEAD OF "IF.."

"Were the government to ......... , we would .............."
"Had television not been invented, economic growth would have been
slower."
"Had the police implemented the law more strictly, fewer people would
now be disabled."

-CLEFT SENTENCES
"What ecologists object to is ............"
"What many people would like to see is ......................"
"It is the ................. that I object to."

-INVERSIONS
"Not only are landfill sites unsightly, but they are also a source of
pollution"
"Rarely do we see our political leaders riding bikes."
-PASSIVES
"It is often forgotten that ..................."
"............. is considered to be ............."
"...... has been attributed to ......."
".......has been linked with ........"
"The conclusion to be drawn is that ............."
-THE ADVANCED USE OF 'SO'
“This is so grave an issue that ......”
-MORE VOCABULARY
meanwhile (mientras tanto)

CONCLUSION
-SUMMARY
all things considered,…..
On balance, i tend to believe that,…
to sum up
all in all seems to me that
-PERSONAL VIEW
Speaking personally... (Personalmente hablando)
It seems to me that... (A mi parecer)
I feel strongly that... (Creo firmemente que)
For me, the gist of the matter is that.. (En mi opinión, la clave de este
asunto está en que...)
In my opinion…
I find it…
I hold the view…
The way I see it…
It seems to me…
I am under the impression…
It seems as if…
From my point of view…
I would say…
I reckon…
From my understanding…
I would like to point out…