Newton’s Laws Energy and Momentum

Fnet=ma P=mv
FAB=-FBA pi = pf
On an inclined surface: Impulse = 𝛥𝑝 = Fnet𝛥t
FN=Fgcos(θ) 1
Ek = 2 𝑚𝑣 2
Fnet=Fgsin(θ)
Eg = 𝑚𝑔𝛥ℎ
1
Circular Motion (horizontal) EPE = 2 𝑘𝑥 2 (F=kx)
f (frequency) is the number of revolutions in a second
T (period) is the time for one revolution Special Relativity
1
f=𝑇 The laws of physics are the same in all
2𝜋𝑟 inertial frames of reference.
v= 𝑇 The speed of light is the same to all
𝑣2 4𝜋 2 𝑟
a = 𝑟 = 𝑇2 observers.
Multiply by mass for net force. Or use a vector diagram

Circular Motion (banked tracks)

At the design speed the angle of bank of the track,
𝑣2
θ = tan−1(𝑟𝑔)
Design speed for a banked track, 𝑣 = √𝑟𝑔 tan 𝜃
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡
Derived from tan 𝜃 = 𝐹𝑔

Circular Motion (vertical)

Minimum velocity = √𝑟𝑔
𝑚𝑣 2
As before 𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = All rest masses ^ … (m0=γm)
𝑟

Projectiles

Work = Fscos(θ)
𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘
Power = 𝑡
With no acceleration power =
velocity x restraining forces

where v = launch speed

**only for an endpoint at the same elevation**