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OMAE2015-41911
Amplitude sweeps
Figures 7 and 8 show amplitude sweeps for the OBDFs at
28 and 50 ⁰C. The strength of the storage modulus, G', relative
to the loss modulus, G'', gives information about the stiffness of
a material. The length of the linear viscoelastic range (LVER)
indicates how large strain the fluid tolerates before the internal
Figure 7. AMPLITUDE SWEEPS SHOWING THE STORAGE
structure of the fluid starts to break. MODULI (G') AND LOSS MODULI (G'') OF THE OBDFs AT A
For both temperatures, the higher density fluid, OBDF B, TEMPERATURE OF 28 ⁰C, PERFORMED AT INCREASING
shows the longer LVER, indicating that increased density and/or STRAIN AND AT A FREQUENCY OF 10 s-1.
increased water content leads to a higher tolerance for strain
impact. For OBDF A and B, the end of LVER values are listed
in Tab. 3.
For the lighter density fluid, OBDF A, the G'/G'' ratio is
lower than for OBDF B, showing a weaker inner structure for
lower densities/water content. The crossing point of G' and G''
is often referred to as the "flow point" and is the strain value at
which the fluid's inner structure is broken and the fluid starts
flowing. This can also be referred to as the yield point in the
context described in the previous section, and this represents
our third method (M3) of determining yield points. The
corresponding yield point values are tabulated in Tab. 2. For
both temperatures, OBDF A has a lower flow point/yield point
than OBDF B and shows a faster decomposition of the inner
structure.
For both temperatures, the loss modulus develops a small
peak right before the flow point, indicating that an extra Figure 8. AMPLITUDE SWEEPS SHOWING THE STORAGE
network structure was present at rest. This structure might start MODULI (G') AND LOSS MODULI (G'') OF THE OBDFs AT A
TEMPERATURE OF 50 ⁰C, PERFORMED AT INCREASING
developing microcracks before breaking down, giving rise to
STRAIN AND AT A FREQUENCY OF 10 s-1.
such an extra peak. This phenomenon is known7 and has been
seen before for water based drilling fluids4.
Thixotropy tests
Table 3. END OF LVER (%) FOR OBDF A AND B, AT
The thixotropy curves in Fig. 9 show the structure recovery
TEMPERATURES 28 AND 50 ⁰C.
of OBDF A at 28 and 50 ⁰C. After 432 and 362 seconds, for 28
and 50 ⁰C respectively, the elastic modulus G' has recovered to
End LVER 28 ⁰C 50 ⁰C 100% of the starting value. At both temperatures the storage
OBDF A 0,25% 0,06% modulus G' exceeds the reference value from the rest interval
during the recovery interval. This gain accounts to 148 % (after
OBDF B 0,63 % 0,10%
2090 s) and 160 % (after 2730 s) for the 28 and 50 ⁰C
measurements, respectively.
After G' reaches a maximum, the value starts decreasing.
This feature is most pronounced for the 50 ⁰C measurement.
This shows that the structure of the fluid at these temperatures is
not stable within the timeframe of this test.
Thixotropy tests were performed also for OBDF B (not
shown), and the same trends were found as for OBDF A.