Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus

aureus (MSSA) Biofilm Production in Healthcare Workers and General Community in Banyumas
District

Gembong Satria Mahardhika1, Metta Ayu Susanti1, Lantip Rudjito2, Dwi Utami Anjarwati3

Address:
1
Biomedical Master’s Program, Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University.
2
Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University.
3
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University.

*Corresponding author: dwi.anjarwati@unsoed.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the first pathogen in a

developing country and known as one of the agents that causing Health care-associated infections
(HAIs). More than 60% of microbial infections are caused by bacteria that producing biofilm. The
biofilm’s structure made biofilm itself naturally causing the resistance of antimicrobial agents like
antibiotics, disinfectant and germicide, and the differences between the bacteria that producing
biofilm and the planktonic cells was in Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).
Aims: Identifying the ability to form biofilms in MRSA and MSSA from the nasal swab in healthcare
workers and the general community in Banyumas district.
Material and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. The sample was taken from nares
anterior using nasal swab method from healthcare workers and the general community, and then
microbiology examination was done for a further check to searching for MRSA and MSSA sample.
The identification about bacteria’s ability to forming biofilm performed with microtiter plate biofilm
assay methods, and determination average Optical Density Cut off Value (ODc) was determined with
the formula: Optical Density (OD) of negative control + 3× Standard Deviation (SD) of negative control
Results: In total, 120 samples reviewed, one sample (0,008%) shown MRSA and six samples (0,05%)
shown MSSA. The biofilm assay showed one MRSA moderate biofilm, six MSSA non or weak biofilm.
The MRSA sample is from healthcare worker group. The MSSA sample consist of four samples from
the healthcare worker group, and two samples from the general community group. Determination of
the ability to form biofilm was calculated by the average of OD value which the result is: weak biofilm
between ≤0,3012 and 0,6024, moderate biofilm between 0,6024 and 1,2048, strong biofilm >1,2048
Conclusion: The study concluded that MRSA found in a nasal swab of health worker in the Banyumas
district was a moderate producer of biofilm, while MSSA in health workers and the general
communities in Banyumas district were the non-weak biofilm producer.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Microtiter plate biofilm assay, Nasal swab, ODC