National university of Callao

FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

TOPICS :
GRAMMAR

 Simple Past
TRANSVERSAL
 The Life of Nikola Tesla
SONG
 You're Beautiful
COURSE : English 3
PROFESSOR : Mg. Ed. Chavez Lazarte Linda A.
STUDENT : Quispe Peña Franklin Gabriel

CYCLE / GROUP SCHEDULE: 4 cycle / 05T

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 National university of Callao
FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

 The following monographic work is dedicated to the people who make our goals and dreams
possible: Our parents.

 To our teacher Chavez Lazarte Linda, for being the person who gives us her knowledge in each
class, for her good teaching for all.

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 National university of Callao
FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

CONTENTS:

Grammar topic……………………………………………………..04

Song …………………..…................................................................10

Transversal topic ...............................................................................12

Conclusions ……………………………………………….…….....18

Recommendations …………………………………………………19

References …………………………………………………………20

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 National university of Callao
FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

GRAMMAR
TOPIC

Simple Past

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

Simple Past
The simple past in English is equivalent to the preterit imperfect and preterit indefinite from the
Spanish. We use the simple past for complete actions in the past. The time period of these
actions is not important as in Spanish. There are regular verbs and irregular verbs in the simple
past.

APPLICATIONS

 Actions that happened at a specific time in the past, whether known or implied.
 Actions that started and ended in the past.
 Actions in the past that are not repeated in the present.
 Actions that happened at a specific time and that have already ended.

SPELLING RULES
Form:
-Regular Verbs:
To form the simple past with regular verbs, we use the infinitive and add the ending "-ed". The
form is the same for all people (I, you, he, she, it, we, they).

 Examples:
 Want → Wanted
 Stay → Stayed
 Walk → Walked
 Learn → Learned

 Exceptions:
1. For verbs that end in an "e", we only add "-d".
Examples:
 Change → Changed
 Believe → Believed

2. If the verb ends in a short vowel and a consonant (except "y" or "w"), we double
the final consonant.
Examples:
 Stop → Stopped
 Commit → Committed

3. With verbs that end in a consonant and a "y", the "y" is changed to an "i".
Examples:
 Study → Studied
 Try → Tried

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

-Irregular verbs:
Irregular verbs are those in which one or more verb forms change the root, the declination or
both.
There are many irregular verbs in English. Unfortunately, there is no established standard to
form them.
Most commonly used irregular verbs:
Spanish Infinitive Simple Past Spanish Infinitive Simple Past
ser/estar be Was/Were ir go went
empezar begin began tener have had
romper break broke oir hear heard
traer bring brought saber know knew
construir build built aprender learn learnt
quemar burn burnt irse leave left
comprar buy bought perder lose lost
poder can could hacer make made
coger catch caught tener que must had to
elegir choose chose pagar pay paid
venir come came poner put put
costar cost cost montar ride rode
cortar cut cut leer read read
hacer do did correr run ran
soñar dream dreamt decir say said
beber drink drank ver see saw
conducir drive drove cantar sing sang
comer eat ate dormir sleep slept
caer fall fell hablar speak spoke
sentir feel felt gastar spend spent
pelear fight fought tomar take took
volar fly flew enseñar teach taught
olvidar forget forgot pensar think thought
obtener get got entender understand understood
dar give gave ganar win won

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

Pronunciation:
We pronounced the termination "-ed" in a different way depending on the letter that goes at the
end of the infinitive. In general, the "e" is silent.

1. With infinitives ending in "p", "f", "k" or "s" (deaf consonants, except "t") pronounced
the ending "-ed" as a "t".

Example:
 Looked [𝑙𝑢𝑘𝑡]
 Kissed [𝑘𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑡]

2. With infinitives that end in "b", "g", "l", "m", "n", "v", "z" (voiced consonants, except
"d") or a vowel, we pronounce only the “d ".

Example:
 Yelled [𝑗𝑒𝑙𝑑]
 Cleaned [𝑘𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑]

3. With the infinitives that end in "d" or "t", we pronounce the "e" as an "i".

Example:
 Ended [𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑑]
 Waited [𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑑]

Structure:

1. Affirmative Sentences:

Affirmative Sentences
Subject Past verb Complement
I

She went to school last month.

He played the bass last night.

It talked to me by phone.

You studied English.

We

They

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

Example:

 She was a doctor.

 The keys were in the drawer.
 I wanted to dance.
 They learned English.
 We believed him.
 I bought a blue car.
 He washed the car.
 You ate hamburger

2. Negative Sentences:

Negative Sentences
Subject Didn’t Infinitive verb Complement
I

She visit my parents last year.

He didn’t eat the main course.

It want to talk with him.

You did not believe in your work.

We walk with the dogs.

They

Example:

 I didn’t like that.

 He didn’t eat much.
 That didn’t work.
 It didn’t fit.
 She didn’t buy dinner.
 They didn’t go to the party.
 I didn’t believe that.

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

3. Interrogative Sentences:

Interrogative Sentences
Did Subject Infinitive verb Complement
I

She sell her car.

He read the newspaper

Did It break the table.

You arrive ten minutes late.

We

They

Example:

Short Answers:

 Did you work very hard last week? Yes, I did

 Did she live in Japan last year? Yes, she did.
 Did he walk to school? Yes, he did.
 Did Mr. Green work with my uncle? No, he didn’t.
 Did he study for his English class? No, he didn’t.
 Did they talk on the phone last week? No, they didn’t.

Long Answers:

 Did they work together for many years? Yes, they worked together for many
years.
 Did she want to learn French? Yes, she wanted to learn French.
 Did he live in Boston? Yes, he lived in Boston.
 Did she want to visit London? No, she didn’t want to visit London.
 Did he answer all the questions? No, he didn’t answer all the questions.
 Did you study in my class last semester? Yes, I studied in your class last
semester.

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

SONG

You're Beautiful

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
You're Beautiful
My life is brilliant
My life is brilliant
My love is pure
I saw an angel
Of that I'm sure
She smiled me on the subway
She was with another man
But I won't lose any sleep on that
'Cause I've got a plan
You're beautiful, you're beautiful
You're beautiful, it's true
I saw your face in a crowded
place
And I don't know what to do
'Cause I'll never be with you
Yes, she caught my eye
As we walked on by
She could see from my face that I
was
National university of Callao
Flying high
And I don't think that I'll see her
again
But we shared a moment that will
last 'till the end
You're beautiful, you're beautiful
You're beautiful, it's true
I saw your face in a crowded
place
And I don't know what to do
'Cause I'll never be with you
La, la
La, la
La, la
You're beautiful, you're beautiful
You're beautiful, it's true
There must be an angel with a
smile on her face
When she thought up that I
should be with you
But it's time to face the truth
I will never be with you
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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

TRASVERSAL
TOPIC

The Life of
Nikola Tesla

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

Nikola Tesla

Tesla was ethnically Serbian and was born in the town of Smiljan, in the Austro-
Hungarian Empire (present-day Croatia).
He was a citizen of the Austrian empire by birth and later became a US citizen.
He was an inventor, mechanical, electrical and physical engineer of Serbo-Croatian
origin. He is known above all for his numerous inventions in the field of
electromagnetism. The Tesla patents and their theoretical work helped to forge the
foundations of modern systems for the use of electric power by alternating current (AC),
including the polyphase system of electrical distribution and the AC motor.

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

In 1880, he moved to Budapest to work under the orders of Tivadar Puskás in a telegraph
company. There he met Nebojša Petrović, they worked together on a project using twin
turbines to generate continuous power. By the time of the opening of the telephone
exchange in 1881 in Budapest, Tesla had become the chief of electricians of the company,
and was later engineer of the first telephone system in the country. He also developed a
device that, according to certain sources, was a telephone repeater or amplifier, but which,
according to others, could have been the first speaker.
In 1882 he moved to Paris, France, to work as an engineer in the Continental Edison
Company (one of the companies of Thomas Alva Edison), designing improvements for
the electrical equipment brought from the other side of the ocean thanks to the ideas of
Edison. According to his biography, in the same year, he conceived the induction motor
and began the development of several devices that used the rotating magnetic field, for
which he received patents in 1888.
In June of 1884, he arrived in the United States, to the city of New York, with little more
than a letter of recommendation from Charles Batchelor, a former employer. In the letter
of recommendation to Thomas Edison, Batchelor wrote, "I know two great men, you are
one of them; the other is this young man ». Edison hired Tesla to work on his Edison
Machine Works.
In 1886, Tesla founded his own company, the Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing. The
first investors, did not agree with their plans for the development of an AC motor and
finally relieved him from his position in the company. He worked as a laborer in New
York to support himself and raise capital for his next project.
In 1887, he built a brushless induction motor, powered by alternating current, which he
presented at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, IEEE (Institute of Electrical
and Electronic Engineers) in 1888.
At the age of 36, he was granted the first patents related to polyphase feeding and
continued with his research on the principles of the rotating magnetic field. From 1892 to
1894 he worked as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers,
investigated high frequency alternating current, generating a million volt AC using a
conical Tesla coil and investigated the film effect in conductors, designed LC circuits,
wireless discharge lamps and electromagnetic energy transmission, building the first
radio transmitter.

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

At the Universal Exposition of Chicago in 1893. Tesla and George Westinghouse

presented the power supply by alternating current that was used to illuminate the
exhibition. In addition, fluorescent lamps and single-node Tesla bulbs were displayed.

In 1899, Tesla moved to a laboratory in Colorado Springs, United States, to begin his
experiments with high voltage and electrical field measurements. The objectives set by
Tesla in this laboratory were: develop a high-power transmitter, perfect the means to
identify and isolate the transmitted power and determine the laws of propagation of
currents on the earth and the atmosphere.
It is said that Nikola Tesla did not make plans, but he memorized everything. Good part
of the final stage of his life was absorbed by the judicial process that he started in relation
to the invention of the radio, which was disputed with Marconi, because Tesla had
invented a similar device at least 15 years before him. In the 1960s, the Supreme Court
of the United States ruled that the patent relating to the radio was legitimately owned by
Tesla, legally recognizing it as the inventor, although this did not extend to public opinion,
which still considers Marconi as its inventor.
Some of their studies nobody could decipher them due to their enormous inductive
capacity. For most of his projects he thought of the head documents, it was enough to
have the image of that object without knowing how it worked, he simply elaborated it
without knowing that it could be a great advance for humanity.
It is speculated that he devised a wireless electricity transmission system, in such a way
that the energy could be carried from one place to another by waves of a non-hertzian
nature. Such a system would be based on the ionosphere's ability to conduct electricity,
the power would be would transmit at a frequency of 6 Hz with a huge tower called
Wardenclyffe Tower, to use the Schumann resonance as a means of transport.
On January 7, 1943, at the age of 86, Tesla died alone in room 3327 of the Wyndham
New Yorker Hotel. When he died, the Government of the United States intervened all the
documents of his office, which included his studies and investigations. Years later in
1957, the Tesla family and the Yugoslav embassy managed to recover part of the seized
material, which is now on display at the Nikola Tesla Museum in Belgrade.

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

War of the currents:

The war of the currents was an economic and technological competition produced in the
decade of 1890, by the control of the incipient market of the generation and distribution
of electrical energy. Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison became adversaries, due to the
promotion of the direct current of Edison and JP Morgan, which created General Electric
for the distribution of electric power and which in turn was against the alternating current
defended by George Westinghouse and Nikola Tesla. Despite the popularity of Edison
and his discoveries and inventions, it was the alternating current advocated by Tesla that
prevailed for the distribution of electricity from then until today.

Inventions and Discoveries:

Nikola Tesla was an inventor who obtained about 300 patents, the most important are:
 Wireless transfer of electric power.
 Alternating current.
 Fluorescent lamp.
 Tesla coil.
 Theoretical principles of radar.
 Teslascope.
 Remote control.
 Spark plug for ignition of explosion engines.
 STOL aircraft.
 Studies on X-rays.
 Radio goniometer.
 Electric tele-dynamics.
 Electric generator.
 Switch for electric generators.

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

Awards and Honors:

 Although the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Marconi for the invention of
the radio in 1909, the press reported that Edison and Tesla would share the Nobel
Prize in 1915.
 Edison medal
 The unit used in the International System to measure magnetic induction is called
tesla in its memory.
 The Tesla moon crater has this name in its memory.
 The Belgrade Airport is named Belgrade Airport Nikola Tesla.
 A statue in honor of Tesla was unveiled in New York in 2013.
 The dissemination prize that delivers the largest platform for scientific
dissemination in Spanish is named after him.

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Conclusions
 The simple past is used to talk about a concrete action that started and ended in the past.

 The simple past in English is equivalent to the past imperfect and indefinite preterite of
Spanish.

 The time period of these actions is not as important as in Spanish.

 In the simple past there are regular verbs and irregular verbs.

 The alternating current advocated by Tesla is the one that prevailed for the distribution
of electricity from then until today.

 Nikola Tesla was a great inventor who was not recognized at the time.

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

Recommendations
We must consider the use of the following rules for the correct use of the past simple:

 To form the simple past with regular verbs, we use the infinitive and add the ending "-
ed".
Want-wanted, Stay-Stayed

Exceptions:
-For verbs that end in an "e", we only add "-d".
 Change → Changed

-If the verb ends in a short vowel and a consonant (except "y" or "w"), we
double the final consonant.
 Stop → Stopped

-With verbs that end in a consonant and a "y", the "y" is changed to an "i".
 Study → Studied

 There are many irregular verbs in English. Unfortunately, there is no established

standard to form them.

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FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

References

https://www.curso-ingles.com/aprender/cursos/nivel-intermedio/verb-tenses-past/past-simple

https://www.ef.com.pe/recursos-aprender-ingles/gramatica-inglesa/simple-past/

https://vocabulariodeingles.blogspot.com/2015/07/los-50-verbos-irregulares-mas-usados-
en.html

https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/t/tesla.htm

https://hipertextual.com/2014/07/nikola-tesla-genios-historia

https://www.biography.com/people/nikola-tesla-9504443

https://es.gizmodo.com/8-inventos-olvidados-que-nikola-tesla-descubrio-antes-q-1658293480

https://www.vix.com/es/btg/curiosidades/6343/los-aportes-e-inventos-mas-importantes-de-
nikola-tesla

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