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Matlab code to solve heat equation and notes

Research · May 2015

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.5002.6400

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Sabahat Qasim Khan

Riphah International University
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clc;
clear all;
close all;

% problem u_t = beat u_xx

% beta 4/pi^2
% exact solution
%
% u(x,t) = exp(-t) * sin(pi/2*x) + exp(-t/4)* sin(pi/4*x)
%

u =@(x,t) exp(-t).*sin(pi/2.*x)+exp(-t/4).*sin(pi/4.*x);

t0 = 0;
tn = 0.08;
x0 = 0;
xn = 4;

dx = 0.2;
dt = 0.04;

x = (x0:dx:xn)';
t = (t0:dt:tn)';

beta = 4/pi^2;
s = beta*dt/dx^2;

nx = (xn-x0)/dx;
nt = (tn-t0)/dt;

% we start indexing from zero

nx_int = nx-1; % number of interior points in spatial dim

nt_int = nt-1; % number of interior points in temporal dim

% construction of tridiagonal matrix

indx1 = ones(1,nx-2);
indx2 = ones(1,nx-1);
a1 = -s*indx1;
a2 = (1+2*s)*indx2;
a3 = -s*indx1;
A = full(gallery('tridiag',a1,a2,a3));

% boundary conditions
% U(0,k) = 0
% U(20,k) = 0

% initial condition

int_cond = @(x) sin(pi/4*x).*(1+2*cos(pi/4*x));

+
% A U(k 1) = U(k) + b

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U=zeros(nx+1,nt+1);
U_exact=zeros(nx+1,nt+1);

U(1,:)=0;
U(nx+1,:)=0;
U(:,1) = int_cond(x);

for k=1:nt_int+1
U(2:nx_int+1,k+1) = A\U(2:nx_int+1,k);
end

% exact solution construxtion

for k=1:nt+1
U_exact(1:nx+1,k) =u(x,t(k));
end

Numerical_sol = U
Analytical_sol = U_exact

figure(1)
mesh(t,x,U)
xlabel('Temporal dim')
ylabel('Spatial dim')
zlabel('Numerical sol')

figure(2)
mesh(t,x,U_exact)
xlabel('Temporal dim')
ylabel('Spatial dim')
zlabel('Analytical sol')

figure(3)
mesh(t,x,U_exact-U)
xlabel('Temporal dim')
ylabel('Spatial dim')
zlabel('Error in sol')

Numerical_sol =

0 0 0
0.4655 0.4521 0.4392
0.8968 0.8713 0.8467
1.2630 1.2277 1.1935
1.5388 1.4967 1.4561
1.7071 1.6620 1.6183
1.7601 1.7158 1.6730
1.7000 1.6603 1.6219

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1.5388 1.5070 1.4761

1.2967 1.2752 1.2542
1.0000 0.9901 0.9803
0.6787 0.6807 0.6824
0.3633 0.3763 0.3886
0.0820 0.1041 0.1250
-0.1420 -0.1137 -0.0868
-0.2929 -0.2617 -0.2319
-0.3633 -0.3328 -0.3036
-0.3550 -0.3286 -0.3034
-0.2788 -0.2594 -0.2408
-0.1526 -0.1423 -0.1325
-0.0000 0 0

Analytical_sol =

0 0 0
0.4655 0.4518 0.4386
0.8968 0.8707 0.8455
1.2630 1.2268 1.1918
1.5388 1.4957 1.4541
1.7071 1.6609 1.6162
1.7601 1.7147 1.6709
1.7000 1.6594 1.6202
1.5388 1.5063 1.4748
1.2967 1.2748 1.2534
1.0000 0.9900 0.9802
0.6787 0.6810 0.6829
0.3633 0.3769 0.3896
0.0820 0.1048 0.1265
-0.1420 -0.1128 -0.0849
-0.2929 -0.2607 -0.2300
-0.3633 -0.3318 -0.3018
-0.3550 -0.3278 -0.3018
-0.2788 -0.2588 -0.2397
-0.1526 -0.1420 -0.1319
-0.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000

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Published with MATLAB® R2014a

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