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ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Dynamics
Force, Mass,
and Kinetics of Particles and Rectilinear Motion
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained ME-Chula
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and 2 Section A: Force, Mass, and Acceleration
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Newton’s Second Law and Inertial System
Law and Inertial
System Constrained and Unconstrained Motions
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion 3 Rectilinear Motion
Examples
Summary
4 Examples
What is Kinetics?
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Kinetics is the study of the relations between
Particles unbalanced force and the resulting changes in motion.
Section A:
Force, Mass, The main equation is the Newton’s second law.
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second ~ = m~a
ΣF
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Kinetics is the study of the relations between
Particles unbalanced force and the resulting changes in motion.
Section A:
Force, Mass, The main equation is the Newton’s second law.
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second ~ = m~a
ΣF
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Kinetics is the study of the relations between
Particles unbalanced force and the resulting changes in motion.
Section A:
Force, Mass, The main equation is the Newton’s second law.
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second ~ = m~a
ΣF
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Kinetics is the study of the relations between
Particles unbalanced force and the resulting changes in motion.
Section A:
Force, Mass, The main equation is the Newton’s second law.
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second ~ = m~a
ΣF
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass, Here we apply Newton’s second law directly.
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Use C2 and Newton’s second law to set up differential
Law and Inertial
System equations
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions Solve the differential equations using direct integration
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
or other methods of differential equations.
Motion
Examples
Summary
Example of the Direct Method
Dynamics
Suppose the block shown starts from rest at point A and
ME-Chula slides down the incline due to the force of gravity. Find the
Kinetics of speed of this block as a function of time, if θ = 15◦ .
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Using FBD, we can find that ΣFx = mg sin(θ). And, from
Rectilinear
Motion Newton’s second law ΣFx = max , we will have
Examples
v̇ = ax = g sin(θ)
Summary
Dynamics
Suppose the block shown starts from rest at point A and
ME-Chula slides down the incline due to the force of gravity. Find the
Kinetics of speed of this block as a function of time, if θ = 15◦ .
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Using FBD, we can find that ΣFx = mg sin(θ). And, from
Rectilinear
Motion Newton’s second law ΣFx = max , we will have
Examples
v̇ = ax = g sin(θ)
Summary
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and 2 Section A: Force, Mass, and Acceleration
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Newton’s Second Law and Inertial System
Law and Inertial
System Constrained and Unconstrained Motions
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion 3 Rectilinear Motion
Examples
Summary
4 Examples
Newton’s Second Law and Inertial System
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles Newton’s Second Law
Section A:
Force, Mass, ~ = m~a
ΣF
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial In SI unit, unit of force is newtons or N = kg·m/s2 ,
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained Unit of mass is kg
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Unit of acceleration is m/s2
Rectilinear
Motion Please refer to C3/2 for U.S. customary units
Examples
~a must be an absolute acceleration.
Summary
Newton’s Second Law and Inertial System
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles Newton’s Second Law
Section A:
Force, Mass, ~ = m~a
ΣF
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial In SI unit, unit of force is newtons or N = kg·m/s2 ,
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained Unit of mass is kg
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Unit of acceleration is m/s2
Rectilinear
Motion Please refer to C3/2 for U.S. customary units
Examples
~a must be an absolute acceleration.
Summary
Newton’s Second Law and Inertial System
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles Newton’s Second Law
Section A:
Force, Mass, ~ = m~a
ΣF
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial In SI unit, unit of force is newtons or N = kg·m/s2 ,
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained Unit of mass is kg
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Unit of acceleration is m/s2
Rectilinear
Motion Please refer to C3/2 for U.S. customary units
Examples
~a must be an absolute acceleration.
Summary
Inertial System
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
~a can be measured relative to a fixed frame.
Particles
~a can also be measured relative to an inertial system;
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
i.e., nonrotating reference frame with constant velocity.
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
From the relative acceleration equation
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained ~aP = ~aO + ~aP/O
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
~a can be measured relative to a fixed frame.
Particles
~a can also be measured relative to an inertial system;
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
i.e., nonrotating reference frame with constant velocity.
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
From the relative acceleration equation
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained ~aP = ~aO + ~aP/O
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
~a can be measured relative to a fixed frame.
Particles
~a can also be measured relative to an inertial system;
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
i.e., nonrotating reference frame with constant velocity.
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
From the relative acceleration equation
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained ~aP = ~aO + ~aP/O
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
~a can be measured relative to a fixed frame.
Particles
~a can also be measured relative to an inertial system;
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
i.e., nonrotating reference frame with constant velocity.
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
From the relative acceleration equation
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained ~aP = ~aO + ~aP/O
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
~a can be measured relative to a fixed frame.
Particles
~a can also be measured relative to an inertial system;
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
i.e., nonrotating reference frame with constant velocity.
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
From the relative acceleration equation
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained ~aP = ~aO + ~aP/O
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and 2 Section A: Force, Mass, and Acceleration
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Newton’s Second Law and Inertial System
Law and Inertial
System Constrained and Unconstrained Motions
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion 3 Rectilinear Motion
Examples
Summary
4 Examples
Constrained and Unconstrained Motions
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles Unconstrained motion: No mechanical guides or
Section A: linkages to constrain its motion.
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Motion can be found from force and initial condition (like
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
velocity)
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Ex. airplanes, rockets
Motions
Free-Body Diagram Constrained motion: Motion is limited by some
Rectilinear
Motion
mechanical guide or likages
Examples Motion depends on the constrain and forces
Summary
Mechanisms
Constrained and Unconstrained Motions
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles Unconstrained motion: No mechanical guides or
Section A: linkages to constrain its motion.
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Motion can be found from force and initial condition (like
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
velocity)
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Ex. airplanes, rockets
Motions
Free-Body Diagram Constrained motion: Motion is limited by some
Rectilinear
Motion
mechanical guide or likages
Examples Motion depends on the constrain and forces
Summary
Mechanisms
Constrained and Unconstrained Motions
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles Unconstrained motion: No mechanical guides or
Section A: linkages to constrain its motion.
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Motion can be found from force and initial condition (like
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
velocity)
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Ex. airplanes, rockets
Motions
Free-Body Diagram Constrained motion: Motion is limited by some
Rectilinear
Motion
mechanical guide or likages
Examples Motion depends on the constrain and forces
Summary
Mechanisms
Constrained and Unconstrained Motions
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles Unconstrained motion: No mechanical guides or
Section A: linkages to constrain its motion.
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Motion can be found from force and initial condition (like
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
velocity)
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Ex. airplanes, rockets
Motions
Free-Body Diagram Constrained motion: Motion is limited by some
Rectilinear
Motion
mechanical guide or likages
Examples Motion depends on the constrain and forces
Summary
Mechanisms
Outline
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and 2 Section A: Force, Mass, and Acceleration
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Newton’s Second Law and Inertial System
Law and Inertial
System Constrained and Unconstrained Motions
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion 3 Rectilinear Motion
Examples
Summary
4 Examples
Free-Body Diagram
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
A free-body diagram must be drawn to correctly
and
Acceleration
evaluating all forces involved in Newton’s second law.
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial Recall:
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Clearly draw an isolated body
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Define coordinate and their positive directions
Rectilinear
Replace the bodies removed by the forces they exert on
Motion the body
Examples
Summary
Free-Body Diagram
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
A free-body diagram must be drawn to correctly
and
Acceleration
evaluating all forces involved in Newton’s second law.
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial Recall:
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Clearly draw an isolated body
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Define coordinate and their positive directions
Rectilinear
Replace the bodies removed by the forces they exert on
Motion the body
Examples
Summary
Rectilinear Motion
Dynamics
Whenever possible, chose a direction as the direction
ME-Chula
of the motion; e.g.,
Kinetics of
Particles ΣFx = max
Section A:
Force, Mass,
ΣFy = 0
and
Acceleration ΣFz = 0
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
In general, we will have
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
ΣFx = max
Motion
ΣFy = may
Examples
Dynamics
Whenever possible, chose a direction as the direction
ME-Chula
of the motion; e.g.,
Kinetics of
Particles ΣFx = max
Section A:
Force, Mass,
ΣFy = 0
and
Acceleration ΣFz = 0
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
In general, we will have
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
ΣFx = max
Motion
ΣFy = may
Examples
Dynamics
Whenever possible, chose a direction as the direction
ME-Chula
of the motion; e.g.,
Kinetics of
Particles ΣFx = max
Section A:
Force, Mass,
ΣFy = 0
and
Acceleration ΣFz = 0
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
In general, we will have
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
ΣFx = max
Motion
ΣFy = may
Examples
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
P3/25
Dynamics
ME-Chula
The device shown is used as an accelerometer and consists
Kinetics of of a 100-g plunger A which deflects the spring as the
Particles
housing of the unit is given an upward acceleration a.
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Specify the neccessary
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
spring stiffness k which will
Law and Inertial
System permit the plunger to deflect
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
6 mm beyond the equilibrium
Free-Body Diagram
position and touch the
Rectilinear
Motion electical contact when the
Examples steadily but slowly increasing
Summary upward acceleration reaches
5g. Friction may be
neglected.
P3/25
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
P3/25
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
P3/25
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
SP3/3
Dynamics
ME-Chula
The 125-kg concrete block A is released from rest in the
Kinetics of position shown and pulls the 200-kg log up the 30◦ ramp. If
Particles
the coefficient of kinetic friction between the log and the
Section A:
Force, Mass, ramp is 0.5, determine the velocity of the block as it hits the
and
Acceleration ground at B.
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
SP3/3
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
SP3/3
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
SP3/3
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
P3/174 (modified)
Dynamics
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
P3/174
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
P3/174
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
P3/174
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A:
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Rectilinear
Motion
Examples
Summary
Summary
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A: ~ = m~a
Newton’s second law, ΣF
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration ~a must be absolute.
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Outlook
Rectilinear
Motion Curvilinear Motion
Examples
Summary
Summary
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A: ~ = m~a
Newton’s second law, ΣF
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration ~a must be absolute.
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Outlook
Rectilinear
Motion Curvilinear Motion
Examples
Summary
Summary
Dynamics
ME-Chula
Kinetics of
Particles
Section A: ~ = m~a
Newton’s second law, ΣF
Force, Mass,
and
Acceleration ~a must be absolute.
Newton’s Second
Law and Inertial
System
Constrained and
Unconstrained
Motions
Free-Body Diagram
Outlook
Rectilinear
Motion Curvilinear Motion
Examples
Summary