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Signaling Concepts - Camtech PDF
Signaling Concepts - Camtech PDF
COURSE CONTENTS
System
5. Location of Signals
6. Subsidiary Signals
NECESSITY OF SIGNALS
Signaling Concepts :
Railway vehicles move on steel rail track and engines, wagons and coaches
are provided with flanged steel wheels. The rolling of steel wheels on the
steel rail has the least friction and therefore, it is the most efficient means of
locomotion.
Unlike road vehicles, railways have no capacity to steer away. They have to
follow a fixed path, as guided by these rails. They are required to follow one
another.
locomotive has only control over the speed of the train, he can start and stop.
form. Signals of non-verbal form are also used in road transport, navy and air
Fixed Signals :
Semaphore is a Greek word. SEMA stands for Sign, PHERO means bear.
Signals
Visual Audible
Safety.
Safety.
occupied.
obstructed or is to be obstructed.
obstructed or is to be obstructed.
direction.
another.
rear.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 10
line or lines.
block station.
latter.
trains.
are set.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 12
between lines.
its journey.
other purpose.
system of working.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 13
instructions.
b) On a single line
any) or
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 14
or
included ;
a) On a double line
direction,
OR
b) On a Single Line
(if any)
OR
starters.
General Rule.
portion of a railway.
In lower quadrant only two aspects 0o and 45o is possible. 3rd position
white bar parallel to the square end rear side – white painted with black bar to
R G
A stop signal when taken OFF indicated Proceed i.e., he has to proceed till he
finds next signal. That means the driver has to keep a continuous watch to
locate the aspect of the next signal in advance. This is continuous strain on
the part of the driver. It affects the speed of trains and punctuality in case of
suddenly and unable to stop short of signal. He may overshoot the signal at
ON. This is most dangerous situation, and it may cause accident. Hence,
there is a need for a Warner signal. Warner signal has a different design of
Warner Signal:
Semaphore arm: Fish tailed end painted red with white bar. In rear painted
white with black bar. Warner signal can be located on an independent post or
ON Independent post:
Fixed Fixed
Green Green
1.5 to 2
Green
Red
NOTE :
i. A Warner signal must not be capable of being taken OFF for any line
ii. Until all the relevant signals have assumed OFF aspect that means,
iii. Even if any one of the Stop signals ahead is ON the Warner should not
the same post of a stop signal. Then the fixed green light is dispensed with.
placed below a stop signal, no pre-warning is available for the Stop signal. In
both the cases, Warner signal taken OFF indicates “Run Through” condition –
All signals ahead taken OFF. Pre-warning of all stop signals is only possible
Stop Signal : Semaphore arm square ended arm painted red with white bar
Red
Y
G
The second yellow light is visible only in 450 position. It is not to be visible in
any other position (00 and 900 position). A mechanical arrangement is made to
blank out the signal (yellow aspect) in any position other than 450 aspect.
Y G
Warner signals in Two aspect and Distant signal in Multiple aspect are not
The Stop signals in 2 aspect and Multiple aspect can not be passed at ON
unless and until they are specially authorised by the SM or the signal is
Distant Signal :
incoming train is the distant signal in multiple aspect upper quadrant signaling.
Arm is fish tailed painted yellow with black bar parallel to fish tail. Rear
Due to the following advantages Colour Light Signals are used instead of
Semaphore Signals.
• In Colour Light Signals both day and night aspects are the same –
• Improves punctuality.
Y Y
R
Y
Y
P
P P
Stop Proceed
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 26
Fixed Fixed
Green Green
P P
G G
R
DESIGNATION OF SIGNALS
Signals are necessary to provide the required space interval between the
trains. Signals are necessary to control the entry of trains in to the block
sections, into the stations and with in the stations for different purposes.
Approach Signals
Home
Platform
BRACKETED SOME SIGNAL : Where there is more than one line, each
line is provided with Home Signal. All such Home signals are bracketed on a
ROUTING SIGNAL : In cases more than one receiving line may be available
for different groups. Distance between home and station stop may be longer.
Routing
May have different places for the trains to stop. These are called Routing
signals.
Outer Home
An outer signal can also be placed above a Warner signal on the same post.
Home
Warner
Y
Outer
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 29
Distant
∨ Home
In case more than one distant signal is used, the second one as approached
by driver is called Inner Distant (Provided in some multiple aspect signaling
sections).
DISPATCH SIGNALS
Signals are also provided to control departure of trains. The signals authorize
the drivers to start the train and also enter into next block section. If only one
departure signal is provided, they are called Starter signals, they also control
the entry in to next block section.
Starter (LSS)
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 30
If more than one stop signal controls the movement of trains to start and enter
into next block sections, then the last stop signal is called ADVANCED
STARTER signal which controls the entry in to next block section other Starter
signals are provided near the fouling marks.
Starter Advanced
Starter
Starter
In some stations, more than one-dispatch signals are provided and this signal
between starter and advanced starter is called Intermediate starter signal.
LSS
LSS
Starters Intermediate
Starters
OVERLAPS
Block Over Lap (B O L) : It is the extra length of track in advance of the first
stop signal of a station, which must be kept clear, before Line clear can be
which must be kept clear before the signal next in rear could be taken OFF.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 31
in a rational manner.
BRAKING DISTANCE :
The distance traveled by a train after its brakes are applied is known as
Braking distance.
(i) Speed
(iii) Gradient
After all tests, it is now decided that for a full load passenger train on level of
SIGHTING DISTANCE :
The distance over which the most restrictive aspect of a signal is visible from
visibility.
REACTION DISTANCE :
It is the distance traveled at the permissible speed during the time taken by
not pre-warned.
TWO ASPECT :
Outer – 1200 Mts. Where section speed is 100 kmph and above
MULTIPLE ASPECT :
be suitably restricted.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 34
LOCATION OF SIGNALS
Signals are normally located on to the left side of the track. However, for
Should be located close to first set of facing points clear of lock bar. If it is
necessary to increase the distance between the Home and Facing points
beyond 180 Mts. Other arrangements should be made for holding the route.
Should be located at 300 Mts. Is (180 + 120 Mts.) from the first facing points.
shifted outward. So that block overlap is available between the home and
opposing advance starter or shunting limit board. On double line, Home may
be located at 180 Mts. in rear of facing point or Block section limit board.
Starter Signals :
Should be located at the leaving end fouling marks or lines in the case of
parallel lines at distance exceeding train length from the signal in rear. The
distance between the homes and starting should not be less than 400 Mts. In
the case of LQ signaling and 180 Mts. in case of Multi aspect Signaling. An
Advanced Starter :
On single line at 180 Mts. from Outer most trailing point. The distance may be
increased if required, provided the opposing outer in ‘B’ class station, the
block overlap from the adv. Starter. On double line it should be placed at full
train length plus signal overlap in advance in Starter signals. But in the
present practice the advance starter signals are being located at 120 Mts.
Outer :
On single line at 580 Mts., between Outer home (so that the BOL & SOL for
advance starter or SLB; it should be ensured that block overlap of 400 Mts. is
Warner / Distant :
These signals are located at normal braking distance plus reaction distance in
1 km to be provided.
Double Distant :
In accordance with GR 3.07(6) two distant signals (Distant signal and Inner
distant signal) have been provided in some multiple aspect signaling sections.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 36
The second distant signal is generally placed at a distance of 2 Kms from the
Subsidiary Signals :
Subsidiary signals are those signals, which control the movement of trains
Shunt Signals :
2) Shunt signals, when taken OFF, authorizes the driver to draw ahead even
Shunt signals can be a Disc type, Position light; Miniature arm type (under spl.
Instructions)
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 37
Disc type : Circular disc painted white with red horizontal bar in the front
R
LQ
Red
R Green
UQ
R
Red Yellow
Position light : Position light shunt signals are considered on Colour Light
Signals. They are same both for two aspect of Multiple aspect; LQ or UQ day
and night aspects are the same.
White White
Light Light
OFF
ON
G
R
LQ
R Y
UQ
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 39
Calling ON Signal :
Always provided below a Stop signal. Generally for the approach of a train. It
is taken OFF when the main stop signal has failed (unable to be taken OFF)
should be taken OFF only after the train has come to stop. Callings on
Signals are two types.
1) Miniature arm type : Arm Square ended painted white with Red
bar in the front while with black bar in the rear
R
RED
R
R
No-Light Y
Red Red
No Light Yellow
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 40
NO LIGHT
. MINIATURE
YELLOW
LIGHT
C C
Repeating Signals :
They are provided with R marker and are required only for two aspect signals
(In MA all signals are pre-warned).
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 41
R R
Banner type :
Disc painted whited back ground. A yellow rectangular arms with black
boarders at the top and bottom. It rotates on a central pivot it takes 45o
position in LQ, when main signal is taken OFF. It is not lit during nighttime.
Y
Y
R
R
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 42
Signal
Signal
with it
R with it
R repeats is
repeats is
at ‘on’
at ‘off’
Co-acting Signals : All the fixed signals must have a minimum visibility to
the driver and be continuously visible to the driver. When it is not possible to
have continuous visibility due to foot over bridges or tunnels or any other
signals fixed below running signals on the same post at such a height that
either main signal or co-acting signal is visible. Main signal and co-acting
Indicators:
Point indicators (target type)
Points set straight
Day Night
WHITE
WHITE LIGHT
TARGET
GOODS RINGS
ON SIGNALS
TO READ
. R . R
SIGNAL NOT
IN USE
Indication Boards :
Shunting Limit Board : Provided on single line. To distinguish limit up to
across on yellow back ground. Temporary lit during night. Visible from both
Provided on multiple aspect double line territory only. Provided where there
are no facing points or when the outer most facing points at the approaching
end is a trailing point. A black cross on yellow back ground. Temporary lit
during night, visible from both sides. Fixed on a post painted white and black
alternately.
BLOCK SECTION
LIMIT BOARD
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 46
S Marker
Provided at an intermediate siding taking OFF from main line. Provided in the
facing direction. A circular board with black letter S on yellow back ground.
S
S
Warning Board :
Provided in rear of first stop signal or gate stop signal at a minimum distance
of 1400 Mts. place left side of line to which it refers. To give an indication to
driver that he is to be on the look out for stop signals. Where double distant is
Indication boards are also provided to give warning to the driver about change
ISOLATION :
The term Isolation denotes the condition in which line for a particular
manner that the isolated lines cannot be fouled or interfered with by any
desirable
obtained are :
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 48
iii. To avoid trains entering from block section due to heavy falling
gradient.
Methods of Isolation :
1) Connecting to another line or a siding
Loop Siding
Main
Main
Loop TRAP
MAIN
4) Long dead end siding with trap (Vehicles can be stabled on this siding)
Main
Main
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 49
For all gauges the maximum gradient permitted are 1 : 400, where as 1 : 1200
is usually allowed with in the station yard. No station yard should be steeper
than 1 : 260 except due to geographic conditions, where such a gradient can
not be avoided with in the station yard, CRS condonation has to be obtained
Slip Sdg
Block Section
1 : 250
Slip Sdg
Slip Sliding due to gradient steeper than 1 : 100 falling away from the station
in the close neighborhood.
SLIP Sliding
Block section
L
1:90
CATCH Sdg
Block section
1: 75
1:75 L
Catch siding due to falling gradient while approaching the station if steeper
than 1 : 80.
Slip Sliding and Catch Siding points must be interlocked with the block
instruments and such sidings should not be used for shunting or stabling
purposes.
Taking OFF at the same time, of all signals pertaining to the reception of two
reception.
Advantages :
In double line, one train can be started from one line, while another train
loop
DN main
UP main
loop
Economical but platform facility may not be available for passenger train in
one direction
SOL
SOL
SOL
SOL
Station : Means any place on a line of railway at which traffic is dealt with, or
at which an authority to proceed is given to the driver of the train under the
system of working.
Block stations : Block stations are those at which driver must obtain an
authority to proceed under the system of working to enter the block section
Non-Block station : These are outlets opened for commercial purpose and
various classes.
Class A Station : Where line clear may not be given for a train unless the
line on which it is intended to receive the train is clear for at least 400 Mts.,
Class B Station : Where line clear may be given for a train before the line
has been cleared for the reception of the train with in the station section.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 54
Class C Station : At which no train is booked to stop. This includes IBS, line
clear may not be given for a train, unless the whole of the last proceeding
train has passed complete at least 400 Mts. beyond the Home signal and is
Multiple Aspect
B Class Distant, Home, Starter Advance starter or
SLB where
shunting in the
face of an
approaching train
is required. Block
section limit board
where no points or
outer most point is
trailing point at the
approach end.
C Class Distant, Home
On Double Line : Starter signals are included in the minimum equipment for
the means for adequate interlocking, starter signals are not used in C class
working because trains normally do not stop at such stations. In all these
clear up to the first stop signal and the adequate distance beyond it.
Standards of Signaling :
1) It shall not be possible to take OFF signals for a route unless all the points
are correctly set and the facing points are locked for the route, including
overlap.
2) Once the signals are cleared, it shall not be possible to alter the points on
3) Even though the signals are put back to ON, it shall not be possible to alter
the points unless the intended movement over such points is completed.
movements.
safety.
6) Where signals are connected through any devices, the signal shall not
obey until the conditions for working such devices are fulfilled.
section.
with capacity to absorb the fore seeable changes in the near future with as
Thus in this context a new format has been brought out under M, Chapter VII.
Level Crossing means the intersection of road with railway track at the same
level. Any form of movable barrier capable of being closed across the road
Single leaf, Double leaf; Lifting barrier. Single and double leaf gates open
away from the track. They are locked in succession by E type locks.
The lifting barriers when operated for road traffic, it is vertically lifted up and in
Boom gates are provided in single or double units on each side and are
class B Class C class and D class. The classification shall be settled mutually
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 60
Special Class
A Class
B Class
C Class
} For Road Vehicles
Location : As far as possible level crossing shall not be located near stations
Control and Protection : The working of the level crossing gates with in the
stop signals is under the control of the SM and the working of those out side
TWO ASPECT
>
1.4 K.M MAUQ
1 KM
B:O
180 m
>
G
>
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 61
In the case of level crossing gates inside the station limits of block station
worked under absolute block system the stop signals on either side of the
interlocking between them and the level crossing gates. But if the stop
signals are not available new signals are to be installed for protecting
Gate cum
1.4 K.M Distant
Less Than B.D Gate
Distant 1 KM
G
180 M
120 M
G 180 M
180 M
1 KM
ADV.STR
cum GATE
DISTANT
Principles of Slotting: The control of signals by more than one source, other
than the operating source is called slotting. The source, which releases the
slot, is called slotting agency. The source, which actually operates the signal,
Purpose of slotting :
1) To ensure that the points located on the line controlled by the signal
including the overlap are set correctly and facing points locked and the line
place and the points are not altered until the train movement is completed.
Extract of SEM.
Para No. 158 : Except where qualified cabin men are employed, the SM
At single line stations, where token instruments are used, the advance starter
Double Line stations where block instruments are in use the advanced starter
methods.
train with sufficient time interval after the departure of the preceding one.
In this system, safety is not fully ensured. Since the driver has to ensure that
the earlier train is moving forward and proceedings without stopping. This is a
definite strain on the drivers he has to keep a continuous watch over the
trains.
- Different terrain.
- Different stoppages.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 64
Space Interval System is one in which, in to a given length of track only one
to enter the same length of track, from one of the two sides, only after the first
b) On double line such line clear shall not be given unless the line is clear not
only up to the first stop signal at the block station at which such line clear
c) On single line such line clear shall; not be given unless the line is clear of
such trains running in the same direction not only up to the first stop signal
at the block station at which such line clear is given but also for an
adequate distance beyond it and is clear off trains running in the direction
This adequate distance is the block overlap which shall not be less than
Any reduction to this block overlap requires specific sanction of CRS (under
STN. ‘B’
STN ‘A’
LSS OF FSS OF
STN.A STN.B
signals.
3. Entry into each block section is protected by a Colour light stop signal.
are clear.
clear.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 67
the train.
5. Where three aspect signals are provided double yellow (second yellow
I>
>
I >
I I>
I
> >
I >
I I>
¾ Manual controls can be introduced for any special purpose. They are then
signals.
2. Then, wait for one minute by day and two minutes by night.
signals.
The train must resume normal speed after passing the ‘OFF’ aspect of the
signal in advance.
mode. If ‘A’ marker extinguishes, then the driver will know that signals are
working manually and he will follow the rules regarding manual working for
Gate Signals :
the provision of ‘G’ marker’, yellow enameled disc with a letter ‘G’ in black in
addition to an illuminated ‘A’ marker. ‘A’ marker light is lit only if the gates are
With ‘A’ marker light lit – same procedure for an automatic signal displaying
- ensure that the gates are locked against road traffic and after
signal in advance.
reducing the headway between two consecutive trains moving in the same
direction.
such that trains follow one another in quick succession during certain parts of
the day.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 70
1. The line shall be provided with continuous track circuits or axle counters.
2. The direction of traffic shall be established only after line clear has been
3. The train shall be started from one block section to another only after the
4. It shall not be possible to obtain line clear unless the line is clear not only
up to the first stop signal but also for an adequate distance beyond it.
5. The line between two adjacent stations is divided into two or more
7. All stop signals against the direction of the traffic shall be maintained at
ON.
Automatic Block
Signalling
Section
DN
>
< UP
Automatic Block
Signalling
Section
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 71
block section.
Description of Panel :
Red when block section is occupied or due to failure of track circuit / Axle
counter.
¾ Signal normal indication to prove that signals of that side of station are at
ON.
¾ SMs lock up key – to lock up the panel in the last operated position to
Where trains are worked on the following trains system, they may be
dispatched from one station to the next following each other in succession in
the same direction on the same line in such manner and at such intervals of
Trains shall not be worked on the following trains system unless the SM of the
receive the trains and has in addition, given his assurance that no train will be
allowed to leave his station for the station from which the following trains are
to be dispatched, until the latter have all arrived at his station and until he has
b) No train shall leave a station except under the personal authority of the
pilot guard.
The trains shall not follow one another in the same direction between stations,
unless :
♦ The driver has been properly warned of the time of departure of the
♦ All the trains are timed to run at the same speed shall not exceed 25 kmph
proceeding train.
Where trains are worked between two stations on the Train-staff and Ticket
system.
b) No train shall start from either of such stations to the other unless the said
Train-staff is at the station from which the train starts and has either been
handed to or shown to the driver by the station master when giving such
permission.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 74
Trains shall not follow one another in the same direction between train – staff
stations, unless :
i. The driver has been properly warned of the time of departure of the
ii. All the trains are timed to run at the same speed, and such speed shall
iii. An interval of fifteen minutes has elapsed since the departure of the
preceding train.
Trains may be worked on the One train only system, only on short terminal
Where trains are worked on the one train only systems, only one train shall be
on the section on which this system in force at one and the same time.
A driver shall not take his train into the section unless he is in possession of
Sidings taking off from running lines and located between block stations
Facing Point Lock :A gauge tie plate where steel sleepers are not provided.
facing point.
to be provided.
be provided.
The points should be controlled through the block system in use only in the
case of facing points on the single line as well as in the case of double line
trailing points.
The points normally set and locked for the running line are released by token /
At station X a token key interlocking box with a spare token locked in it and at
the siding, a similar box, but with the points key locked in it are provided.
An EKT circuit is provided between station X and the siding, a key is locked in
A train proceeds from X or Y with a token and is stopped at the siding and the
token is exchanged for the points key on the token key interlocking box, the
points key is used to unlock the points, the train then enters siding.
The points are then reset in normal, and after ensuring that the running line is
For the train to come out of siding, the guard informs X on the telephone. X
obtains a token, exchanges it for the key and transmits the key to the siding.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 76
The key is used for unlocking the siding points, the train enters the running
line, the points are reset to normal and key released from the points
exchanged for the token originally deposited in the token key – interlocking
box.
Disadvantages : Only one train can be dealt with in the siding at a time.
On the double line, the block instrument can not be restored to the normal
Interlocking may, however, be provided between the block instrument and the
points so that the points can not be unlocked with out the block instruments
When it is necessary to clear the block section, when train has entered the
siding, the intermediate siding is worked as block station and switched out
occupation key to enable trains to enter block section in the right direction and
The occupation key when removed locks the key in normal position.
In such cases, the occupation key can be used for sending trains into
intermediate siding and section cleared after the train is berthed in the siding.
The train can only return to the station from which it entered into the block
ON SINGLE LINE
50
• SIDING
•
S
RUNNING
T
LINE
on double line
s
50
• SIDING
•
S
T
RUNNING LINE
MINIMUM 800 M 30 M
SIDING
S
RUNNING LINES
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 78
apparatus used for blocking and control of siding points are revetted or
In view of the rule that isolation must be provided, and the isolating traps
locked for all movements on the running lines at all outlying sidings. A trap
2. The SWR are intended to draw attention of the staff concerned to the rules
for giving line clear, taking OFF signals, reception and dispatch of trains,
running lines, etc. and also instructions regarding working during failure of
language.
4. General and subsidiary rules and block working manual rules should not
whichever is earlier.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 79
7. All the staff required to take up independent duties at the stations shall
sign a declaration register to the effect that they have read and understood
the SWR.
following cases :
(e) Telecommunications
(h) Shunting
Appendices :
C - Telecommunications
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 80
D - Duties of staff
E - Essential equipment
Signaling Plan
crossing gates, cabins, etc., prepares signaling plan for arranging signaling
equipment.
5. Standard of interlocking
6. Decide the size of lever frame for operation of each function and also
After preparing Signaling plan, shall be sent to CRS for approval. The work
should be carried out as per approved signaling plan. Any alteration in the
signaling plan should not be carried out without the approval of CRS.
Signaling plan with IP number should be exhibited at the station’s office, in the
RECEPTION
END
DESPATCH
END
WARNER ON A
POST BY ITSELF HOME STATION
UP DN LSS
BRACKETED
HOME
UP DN
WARNER
BELOW
WARNING
OUTER
BOARD
1 KM
SOL
NBD BOL 180 M
400 M
STARTER
OUTER HOME
WARNING WARNER
BOARD
ADV STARTER
1 KM
STARTER
SOL 180 MTS
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 82
Question Bank :
Subjective :
2. what are the conditions for taking OFF Warner signal and for what speed
3. What are the rules for providing a calling on signal and when it can be
taken OFF ?
d) Classification of stations
8. What are classification of stations and what are the minimum equipments
a) Signal overlap
b) Block overlap
c) Calling ON signal
d) Shunt signal
e) Repeating signal
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 84
10. Draw a single line B class station with MACLS having simultaneous
11. Draw a class B 4 road stations with a common loop facility on double line
section to standard III interlocking MAUQ signaling and indicate the inter
distance ?
12. What is meant by isolation ? What are the rules for isolation ?
interlocking.
14. What are the differences between a shunt signal and calling on signal,
15. Make out a sketch for interlocking on intermediate siding in a single line
with out speed restriction and the sectional speed is 100 km. Describe the
working of siding.
a) Illuminated A marker
b) Co-acting signal
c) Isolation
e) Inter-cabin control.
b) Simultaneous reception
Objective :
2. The maximum speed permitted over the points for straight-line fitted with
3. The distance traveled by a train after its brakes are applied is called
___________________________.
5. The place at which the railway line across the road is called
____________________.
________________________.
_________________________________.
14. An independent Warner during night when taken OFF displays two
16. In two aspect signaling advanced starter is located not less than
17. Distance between advanced starter and the opposite home signal on
_____________________________ is provided.
25. The light shown by a point indicator when set to straight line is
_____________________________.
__________________________ signals.
meters.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 87
28. A gate cum distance signal will have _____________ number of aspects.
30. In LQ signaling a gate signal protecting mid section on level crossing gate
13. The minimum distance between home and outer on double line LQ
signaling is [ ]
14. The distance signal (where double distance is working in force) is located
at [ ]
d) None
16. Minimum distance required between distant and home signal in MAUQ
d) None
permitted in [ ]
23. The adequate distance for an automatic signal to clear in a single line
d) AG marker disc.
CAMTECH/S/2001/Basic Concepts/SCR-4 90
1. Whenever main home and outer are taken OFF Warner can be taken OFF
[ ]
section. [ ]
5. For speeds above 50 kmph and below 75 kmph std-II interlocking shall be
provided. [ ]
7. Post type shunt signal will display both ON and OFF aspects [ ]
11. At a class A station line clear shall not be granted for a train of the line is
15. In multiple aspect territory warning board is not necessary when the
restriction. [ ]
19. A point indicator displays a red light during night when the points are set
21. B class LCs must normally be kept closed for road traffic [ ]
22. Lock detection is not mandatory in STD-III interlocking when points and
23. Generally class A stations are provided with STD-III interlocking only
[ ]
[ ]
[ ] 8. BSLB h) Calling ON
[ ] 5. P L C e) Calling on Single
[ ] 7. O Marker g) Warner
point
line in MAUQ