GK Today October 2017 (WWW - Ekdn.tk)

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Current Affairs Today: Monthly PDF Compilation

[October 2017]
Last Updated: November 10, 2017

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Current Affairs Today: Monthly PDF Compilation [October 2017]
Contents
......................... . .....................................................................................
Month Highlights: October -2017 ................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Government Policy and Schemes ................................................................................................................................................................. 3
Science, Technology & Environment ........................................................................................................................................................... 5
Events & Observances ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Defence Related ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9
Awards .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 10
Persons in news – Appointments / Elections ........................................................................................................................................... 11
Sports ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11
Finance, Business and Economy .................................................................................................................................................................. 12
Miscellaneous Terms and Facts ................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Facts in News [FIN]: September, 2017 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13
President Ramnath Kovind inaugurates Shirdi airport in Maharashtra .............................................................................................. 13
President declares urban Maharashtra open defecation free ................................................................................................................ 13
3rd Edition of Women of India Organic Festival held at Dilli Haat .................................................................................................... 13
Government opens two border crossing points with Myanmar, Bangladesh ................................................................................... 13
Indian entrepreneur Birendra Sasmal wins UK business award for innovative IT solutions ......................................................... 13
PM lays foundation stone of AIIMS, IIIT in Himachal Pradesh ........................................................................................................... 13
India, Nepal to conduct first joint tiger count ......................................................................................................................................... 14
Vice-President lays foundation stone for national waterway on Krishna River ................................................................................ 14
Diploma in Elementary Education programme launched for untrained teachers ............................................................................ 14
President Kovind declares Rural Gujarat as Open Defecation Free .................................................................................................... 14
Bihar Government launches drive against child marriage & dowry ................................................................................................... 14
Jagmeet Singh elected as leader of Canada’s New Democratic Party ................................................................................................ 14
Writer & journalist H. M. Marathe passes away ...................................................................................................................................... 15
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 4, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. ............................................ 15
China to build World’s highest power pylon ............................................................................................................................................ 15
Ministry of Health ranks first in Swachh Bharat initiative ..................................................................................................................... 15
Cabinet approves Extradition Treaty between India and Lithuania ..................................................................................................... 15
Cabinet approves MoU between India and Myanmar on Upgradation of Women’s Police Training Centre ........................... 15
India’s first ITI for Divyangans (Disabled) will come up in Assam .................................................................................................... 15
HDFC Life launches service bot Neo ......................................................................................................................................................... 15
Ukhnaa Khurelsukh appointed as Prime Minister of Mongolia ........................................................................................................... 16
October 4-10: World Space Week ............................................................................................................................................................. 16
October 4: World Animal Day .................................................................................................................................................................... 16
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 5-6, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. ........................................ 16
Andhra Pradesh signs MoU with Mastercard .......................................................................................................................................... 16
Pooja Kadian wins gold medal at Wushu World Championships ....................................................................................................... 16
First ASEAN India Music Festival held at Purana Qila in New Delhi ................................................................................................. 16
RBI to allow inter-operability in prepaid payment instruments ........................................................................................................... 16
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 7, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. ............................................ 17
Aadhaar mandatory for PPF, KVP schemes ............................................................................................................................................. 17
Chhattisgarh bans use of chlorinated plastic and Polyvinyl Chloride ................................................................................................. 17
World Dental Show 2017 opens in Mumbai ........................................................................................................................................... 17
Amrender Sharan appointed as amicus curiae on plea to reopen Mahatma Gandhi assassination ............................................. 17
Renowned filmmaker Kundan Shah passes away ................................................................................................................................... 17
Uttar Pradesh Government launches Mukhyamantri Samoohik Vivaah Yojana .............................................................................. 17
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 8-9, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. ........................................ 18
RBI to soon launch financial literacy drive in 9 states ........................................................................................................................... 18
Scientists develop Algae-based footwear .................................................................................................................................................. 18
Gurusaidutt wins Bulgarian International ................................................................................................................................................. 18
Anupama Ramachandran wins World Open U-16 Snooker Championship ..................................................................................... 18
Samiya Imad Farooqui wins gold at U-15 Asian Junior Championship ............................................................................................. 18
American Morgan Hurd wins all-around title at gymnastics world championships ....................................................................... 18
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The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 10-11, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. ..................................... 18
Cabinet approves MoU between SEBI and FSC ..................................................................................................................................... 18
Cabinet approves MoU between SEBI and CMA, Kuwait .................................................................................................................... 19
IIT-Kharagpur inks MoU with Samsung India ....................................................................................................................................... 19
3rd International Conference on Yoga held in New Delhi ................................................................................................................... 19
10 October: World Mental Health Day ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
Amul named India’s best FMCG Company in food sector .................................................................................................................. 19
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 12-13, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. .................................... 20
Mastercard launches its first Innovation Centre in India ...................................................................................................................... 20
RBI allows interoperability of wallets in six months .............................................................................................................................. 20
Tata Teleservices to merge with Bharti Airtel ........................................................................................................................................ 20
SpaceX completes successful launch of recycled rocket Falcon 9 ..................................................................................................... 20
Ashish Nehra announces retirement from all forms of cricket ........................................................................................................... 20
FIFA suspends the Pakistan Football Federation .................................................................................................................................... 20
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 14, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. ........................................... 21
Bihar Cabinet approves reservation for ‘Divyangs’ in Government Jobs ........................................................................................... 21
Kolkata to host international puppet festival ............................................................................................................................................ 21
Hamas, Fatah ink deal on Palestinian reconciliation ............................................................................................................................... 21
HPCL becomes first Indian oil company to trade lubricants in Myanmar ........................................................................................ 21
M K Sanu awarded Mathrubhumi Literary Award ................................................................................................................................ 21
Gautam Bambawale appointed as India’s ambassador to China ......................................................................................................... 21
Indian Air Force launches ‘MedWatch’ mobile health App .................................................................................................................. 21
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 22-23, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. ................................... 22
India’s new chancery complex opened in Dhaka ................................................................................................................................... 22
ONGC plans to raise oil output by 4 MT by 2020 ............................................................................................................................... 22
Government de-affiliates 400 ITIs for failing quality norms ............................................................................................................... 22
Maruti becomes top exporter of passenger cars from India ................................................................................................................ 22
CISF to analyse social media trends & data in monitoring security .................................................................................................... 22
Government appoints ex-IB Chief as its representative on Kashmir dialogue ................................................................................. 22
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 24, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. ......................................... 23
Japan’s ruling coalition wins overwhelming victory in general election ............................................................................................ 23
Rakesh Asthana appointed as special director of CBI ........................................................................................................................... 23
China to host 2nd edition of World Congress on Marxism ................................................................................................................. 23
Cristiano Ronaldo named as 2017 Best FIFA Men’s Player award .................................................................................................... 23
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 25, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. .......................................... 23
Suresh Sethi appointed as MD and CEO of India Post Payments Bank ............................................................................................ 23
SBI inks agreement with Escorts Ltd to finance tractors purchase .................................................................................................... 24
Filmmaker Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran passes away .............................................................................................................................. 24
EPPC inks MoU with PNB to provide export finance for SMEs ......................................................................................................... 24
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 29-30, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. .................................. 24
Vikram Singh appointed as Private Secretary to President .................................................................................................................. 24
B C Khanduri to head parliamentary standing committee on defence ............................................................................................. 24
Microsoft Partners Karnataka Government to bring AI to agriculture ............................................................................................. 24
Sharmila Tagore honoured with 2017 Lifetime Achievement Award by PHDCCI ....................................................................... 25
England wins FIFA U-17 World Cup 2017 .............................................................................................................................................. 25
Pakistan to 2018 Asian Cricket Council Emerging Nations Cup ........................................................................................................ 25
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 31, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs. .......................................... 25
October 31: World Cities Day ..................................................................................................................................................................... 25
Y.C. Modi is new NIA Director-General .................................................................................................................................................. 25
Neelamani N. Raju becomes Karnataka’s first woman police chief ................................................................................................... 25
Heena Sidhu wins 10m air pistol gold medal at the Commonwealth Shooting Championships ................................................ 26
Date Wise: Current Affairs Updates .......................................................................................................................................................................... 26
October 1, 2, 2017 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
1 October: International Day of Older Persons ............................................................................................................................................... 26
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

2 October: International Day of Non-violence ............................................................................................................................................... 26

International day of Non-Violence ............................................................................................................................................................. 26
Mahatma Gandhi ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
Odisha Government creating land bank for industrial allocation ............................................................................................................... 27
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27
India gets first-ever U.S. crude shipment ......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
India-US Energy relations ............................................................................................................................................................................ 28
NHAI launches countrywide Free Eye Check-up Campaign ...................................................................................................................... 28
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
Three US-born scientists win 2017 Nobel Medicine Prize .......................................................................................................................... 28
Circardian Rhythm ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 29
Nobel Medicine Prize .................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
October 3, 2017 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30
October 2: World Habitat Day ........................................................................................................................................................................... 30
New Urban Agenda ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Background ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar Temple adjudged as cleanest iconic place ................................................................................................ 31
Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar Temple ...................................................................................................................................................... 31
President appoints Commission to Examine OBC Sub-categorisation ....................................................................................................... 31
Key Facts .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Commission’s Terms of reference ............................................................................................................................................................. 32
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32
Government unveils third National Wildlife Action Plan for 2017-2031 .................................................................................................. 32
3rd National Wildlife Action Plan ............................................................................................................................................................... 32
Global Wildlife Programme Conference held in New Delhi ........................................................................................................................ 33
GWP Conference ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Global Wildlife Programme (GWP) ........................................................................................................................................................... 33
Scientist develop rapid test to diagnose Zika and dengue ............................................................................................................................ 33
Key Facts .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Government launches SECURE Himalaya Project ......................................................................................................................................... 34
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
2017 Nobel Prize in physics goes to the discovery of Gravitational Waves ............................................................................................. 34
Gravitational waves ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
LIGO ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 34
October 4, 2017 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35
Karnataka Government launches Mathru Poorna scheme ........................................................................................................................... 35
Key Facts .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Sibir: World’s biggest and most powerful nuclear icebreaker ship launched by Russia ........................................................................ 36
Sibir ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
Soumya Swaminathan appointed as Deputy DG of WHO .......................................................................................................................... 36
Soumya Swaminathan .................................................................................................................................................................................. 36
World Health Organization (WHO) .......................................................................................................................................................... 37
Core sector growth rises to 4.9% in August 2017 ....................................................................................................................................... 37
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Eight core sectors .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Foundation stone for national waterway on Krishna River laid .................................................................................................................. 38
National Waterway 4 .................................................................................................................................................................................... 38
Significance of NW 4 ................................................................................................................................................................................... 38
Turtle Sanctuary to be set up in Allahabad ..................................................................................................................................................... 38
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38
Need for such Projects ................................................................................................................................................................................. 39
Satya Pal Malik sworn-in as governor of Bihar .............................................................................................................................................. 39
Satya Pal Malik ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 39

Constitutional provisions of Governor ...................................................................................................................................................... 39

RBI keeps repo rate unchanged at 6% ............................................................................................................................................................. 39
Policy Rates ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39
Key Highlights of 4th bi-monthly policy ................................................................................................................................................. 40
October 5, 2017 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 40
PM inaugurates Golden Jubilee Year Celebrations of ICSI .......................................................................................................................... 40
Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI) ................................................................................................................................... 40
Cabinet approves MoU between India and Switzerland on Technical Cooperation in Rail Sector .................................................... 40
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 41
Cabinet approves renaming of Kandla Port as Deendayal Port ................................................................................................................... 41
Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay ........................................................................................................................................................................ 41
Kandla Port ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 41
Rajnish Kumar appointed as new Chairman of SBI ....................................................................................................................................... 41
Rajnish Kumar ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 41
State Bank of India (SBI) ............................................................................................................................................................................. 42
Government constitutes high-level committee for water management in northeast ............................................................................. 42
Composition of Committee ......................................................................................................................................................................... 42
Terms of reference of Committee ............................................................................................................................................................. 42
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 42
Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank and Richard Henderson selected for 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry ........................................ 43
Contributions of trio ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Cryo-electron microscopy ........................................................................................................................................................................... 43
India, Djibouti sign pact on bilateral consultations ........................................................................................................................................ 44
India-Djibouti Relations ................................................................................................................................................................................ 45
Ganga Prasad sworn in as Governor of Meghalaya ...................................................................................................................................... 45
Ganga Prasad .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 45
Government launches Paryatan Parv to boost tourism ................................................................................................................................. 45
Components of Paryatan Parv .................................................................................................................................................................... 46
October 6, 2017 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 46
India signs €300 million agreement with European Investment Bank for Bangalore Metro Phase II .............................................. 46
Bangalore Metro Phase II ............................................................................................................................................................................ 46
Fact Box: Embryo transfer technology (ETT) ................................................................................................................................................ 46
Embryo transfer technology (ETT) .......................................................................................................................................................... 47
National Mission on Bovine Productivity ................................................................................................................................................. 47
Rashtriya Gokul Mission .............................................................................................................................................................................. 47
India, Ethiopia sign agreements on trade, communication .......................................................................................................................... 47
Singed Agreements ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 47
India-Ethiopia Relations ................................................................................................................................................................................ 47
Kazuo Ishiguro selected for 2017 Nobel Prize in Literature ....................................................................................................................... 48
Kazuo Ishiguro ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 48
Banwarilal Purohit sworn in as Governor of Tamil Nadu ........................................................................................................................... 49
Banwarilal Purohit ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 49
Snow leopard photographed for first time in Arunachal Pradesh .............................................................................................................. 50
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 50
Community Conserved Area (CCA) ......................................................................................................................................................... 50
Snow leopard .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 50
Nobel Peace Prize 2017 awarded to International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons ............................................................... 50
International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) ........................................................................................................... 50
October 7-8, 2017 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 51
Recommendations of Uday Kotak Committee on Corporate Governance ............................................................................................... 51
Recommendations of Committee ................................................................................................................................................................ 51
Gauri Lankesh becomes first Indian to win Anna Politkovskaya Award .................................................................................................. 52
Gauri Lankesh ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 52
Anna Politkovskaya Award .......................................................................................................................................................................... 52
CBDT signs 2 more APAs with taxpayers ....................................................................................................................................................... 53

Advance Pricing Agreements (APAs) ........................................................................................................................................................ 53

First Meeting of India-Australia Joint Steering Committee held in New Delhi ....................................................................................... 53
Key Facts .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 53
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 53
US approves first test to screen Zika virus in donated blood ...................................................................................................................... 53
Cobas Zika test ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
Zika virus ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
Scientists develop smart bandage to promote better, faster healing .......................................................................................................... 54
Smart Bandage ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
Bacteria can spread antibiotic resistance through soil: study ....................................................................................................................... 54
Reasons for spread of antibiotic resistance through soil ....................................................................................................................... 54
What researchers found? .............................................................................................................................................................................. 55
Antibiotic resistance ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 55
Home Ministry forms study group to examine problems people residing in border areas .................................................................. 55
Composition of study group ........................................................................................................................................................................ 55
Terms of References ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 55
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 55
October 9, 2017 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 55
Government launches Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan in Gujarat ......................................................................... 55
Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan .............................................................................................................................. 55
Air pollution affects children’s memory: Study ............................................................................................................................................... 56
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 56
GST council constitutes GoM to review GST Composition Scheme ....................................................................................................... 56
Committee’s role ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 56
Composition scheme ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 56
Government launches sovereign gold bond scheme 2017-18 – Series-III ............................................................................................... 57
Sovereign Gold Bonds .................................................................................................................................................................................. 57
Features of Sovereign Gold Bonds ............................................................................................................................................................ 57
VAJRA Scheme: Government receives 260 applicants for visiting researcher programme ................................................................. 58
VAJRA Scheme ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 58
NMCG approves Eight Projects under Namami Gange Programme ........................................................................................................ 58
Approved projects ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 58
National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) .......................................................................................................................................... 58
Government launches Intensified Mission Indradhanush ............................................................................................................................. 59
Intensified Mission Indradhanush .............................................................................................................................................................. 59
Mission Indradhanush ................................................................................................................................................................................... 59
Richard H. Thaler wins 2017 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences .............................................................................................................. 60
Richard H. Thaler’s Contribution .............................................................................................................................................................. 60
Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences ............................................................................................................................................................. 60
October 10, 2017 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 62
Government imposes anti-dumping duty on certain Chinese steel products .......................................................................................... 62
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 62
Anti-dumping ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 62
MoRTH to promote new technologies in highway projects ....................................................................................................................... 62
Value Engineering Program ......................................................................................................................................................................... 62
National Panel of Experts (NPE) ................................................................................................................................................................ 62
Terms of Reference of NPE ........................................................................................................................................................................ 62
India Water Week inaugurated by President ................................................................................................................................................... 63
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 63
Jagdish Mukhi sworn in as new Governor of Assam .................................................................................................................................... 63
Jagdish Mukhi ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 63
First BIMSTEC Disaster Management exercise held in New Delhi ........................................................................................................... 63
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 64
BIMSTEC ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 64
India ranks 8th in 2017 Valuable Nation Brand List ..................................................................................................................................... 64

Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 64

Valuable Nation Brand List .......................................................................................................................................................................... 64
Rajasthan: First state to incorporate skill development programme in higher education ..................................................................... 65
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 65
India hosts International Conference on Dialogue of Civilizations – IV ................................................................................................... 65
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 65
October 11, 2017 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 65
Nisha Biswal appointed as President of USIBC .............................................................................................................................................. 65
Nisha Biswal .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 65
US-India Business Council ........................................................................................................................................................................... 66
Japan launches fourth Michibiki satellite for hi-tech GPS ............................................................................................................................ 66
QZS-4 (Michibiki-4) .................................................................................................................................................................................... 66
Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) ...................................................................................................................................................... 66
H-IIA rocket ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 66
IMF lowers India’s growth forecast to 6.7 % ................................................................................................................................................ 66
Key facts .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 66
Comment ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 67
World Economic Outlook (WEO) ............................................................................................................................................................. 67
Government to set up think tank for oil sector ............................................................................................................................................. 67
Internal think tank ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 67
Domestic gas trading hub ........................................................................................................................................................................... 67
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 67
SC criminalises sex with minor wife aged between 15 to 18 years ............................................................................................................ 68
What is the issue? .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 68
SC Verdict ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 68
Anupam Kher appointed as Chairman of FTII .............................................................................................................................................. 68
Anupam Kher ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 68
Film and Television Institute of India ....................................................................................................................................................... 68
Cabinet approves change of status for marine body IALA .......................................................................................................................... 68
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 69
International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) ...................................................... 69
Cabinet approves MoC between India and Japan to establish Liquid, Flexible and Global LNG Market ......................................... 69
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 69
October 12, 2017 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 69
October 11: International Day of the Girl Child ............................................................................................................................................. 69
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 70
Cabinet approves MoC between India and Japan on Technical Intern Training Program .................................................................. 70
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 70
44th Indian Handicrafts and Gifts-Delhi Fair inaugurated in New Delhi ................................................................................................ 70
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 70
IHGF Delhi Fair ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 70
India’s first STP under Hybrid Annuity Mode to come up in Haridwar and Varanasi ......................................................................... 70
Key Facts .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 71
Hybrid Annuity Model ................................................................................................................................................................................. 71
CCEA approves SANKALP & STRIVE Schemes to boost Skill India Mission .......................................................................................... 71
STRIVE scheme .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 71
SANKALP scheme ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 71
Comment ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 72
First Meeting of EAC-PM held in New Delhi ................................................................................................................................................. 72
Ten identified themes ................................................................................................................................................................................... 72
EAC-PM ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 72
Global Hunger Index 2017: India ranks 100th among 119 nations ........................................................................................................... 72
Global Hunger Index (GHI) ........................................................................................................................................................................ 72
2017 GHI Highlights .................................................................................................................................................................................... 73
October 13, 2017 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 73

INS Satpura, Kadmatt participates in Passage Exercise in Japan ................................................................................................................ 73

Comment ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 73
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 73
October 13: International Day for Disaster Reduction .................................................................................................................................. 73
IIP rises to 9-month high of 4.3% in August 2017 ...................................................................................................................................... 74
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 74
Index of Industrial Production (IIP) .......................................................................................................................................................... 74
Two Experimental Ebola vaccines found safe, effective in human trial .................................................................................................... 74
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 75
Ebola virus disease (EVD) ............................................................................................................................................................................ 75
US withdraws from UNESCO accusing it for anti-Israel bias ..................................................................................................................... 75
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 75
United Nations Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) ....................................................................................................... 75
IWAI raises Rs. 660 crore through Bonds ...................................................................................................................................................... 76
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 76
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) ......................................................................................................................................... 76
Government launches Sampoorna Bima Gram Yojana ................................................................................................................................ 76
Sampoorna Bima Gram (SBG) Yojana .................................................................................................................................................... 76
Expansion of PLI ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 76
Postal Life Insurance (PLI) .......................................................................................................................................................................... 76
Mitra Shakti 2017: India-Sri Lanka Joint Military Exercise held in Pune .................................................................................................. 77
Mitra Shakti 2017 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
October 14-17, 2017 .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
October 14: World Standards Day .................................................................................................................................................................... 77
Significance of the day ................................................................................................................................................................................. 77
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
Bureau of Indian Standards Act 2016 comes into effect ............................................................................................................................. 78
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 78
Audrey Azoulay elected as Director General of UNESCO .......................................................................................................................... 78
Audrey Azoulay ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 79
World’s largest combustion research centre inaugurated at IIT Madras ................................................................................................. 79
National Centre for Combustion Research and Development (NCCRD) ........................................................................................ 79
Need to balance national interest, human rights on Rohingya refugees: SC ........................................................................................... 79
TM Krishna wins 2015-16 Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration ............................................................................................. 80
TM Krishna .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 80
Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration ....................................................................................................................................... 80
October 15: International Day of Rural Women ............................................................................................................................................ 80
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 81
16 October: World Food Day .............................................................................................................................................................................. 81
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 81
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) .............................................................................................................................................. 81
CarbFix Project: World’s first negative emissions carbon-capture plant begins operations in Iceland ............................................... 82
CarbFix Project ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 82
INS Kiltan commissioned into Indian Navy in Visakhapatnam ................................................................................................................... 82
INS Kiltan ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 83
Defence Ministry to raise three new tri-service agencies ............................................................................................................................. 83
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 83
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 84
First Investment Agreement signed between NIIF and Abu Dhabi Investment Authority ................................................................... 84
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 84
National Investment and Infrastructure Fund (NIIF) ............................................................................................................................ 84
Few investors of NIIF ................................................................................................................................................................................... 84
October 18, 2017 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 84
October 17: The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty ............................................................................................................ 84

Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 85
#IamThatWoman: WCD Ministry launches campaign on women for women ...................................................................................... 85
Significance of this campaign ..................................................................................................................................................................... 85
India inks MoC to send interns to Japan for training .................................................................................................................................... 85
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 85
Technical Intern Training Programme (TITP) ....................................................................................................................................... 85
MCX launches India’s first commodity options in Gold .............................................................................................................................. 86
Options ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 86
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 86
Comment ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 86
Multi Commodity Exchange Ltd (MCX) ................................................................................................................................................. 86
Sawfish more threatened than tigers: Scientists ............................................................................................................................................. 86
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 86
Prime Minister dedicated first All India Institute of Ayurveda to nation .................................................................................................. 87
All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA) ...................................................................................................................................................... 87
Times Higher Education Rankings: IISC & IIT Bombay among world’s top 200 for engineering .................................................... 87
Rankings .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 87
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 87
US author George Saunders wins 2017 Man Booker Prize ........................................................................................................................ 88
Lincoln in the Bardo ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 88
George Saunders ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 88
Man Booker Prize ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 88
October 19-20, 2017 .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 88
ISKCON’s Govardhan Eco Village wins Green Platinum Award ............................................................................................................... 88
Govardhan Eco Village ................................................................................................................................................................................. 88
Green Platinum Award ................................................................................................................................................................................ 89
Hans Joachim Schellnhuber wins 2017 Blue Planet Prize ............................................................................................................................ 89
Blue Planet Prize ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 89
Indian-American Gitanjali Rao wins 2017 Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge ....................................................... 89
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 89
Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge ............................................................................................................................ 89
Sunny Verghese appointed as new chairman of World Business Council for Sustainable Development .......................................... 90
Sunny Verghese ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 90
World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) ..................................................................................................... 90
EPFO launches new facility to link UAN with Aadhaar online ................................................................................................................... 90
Universal Account Number (UAN) ........................................................................................................................................................... 90
NHAI to get power to speed up Bharatmala programme ............................................................................................................................ 91
Key Facts .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 91
Bharatmala programme ................................................................................................................................................................................ 91
Jaipur and Srinagar Airport ranked first and second in ACI-ASQ Survey ................................................................................................ 91
About ASQ awards ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 92
Hemidactylus kangerensis: New species of large gecko discovered in Eastern Ghats ........................................................................... 92
Kanger valley rock gecko ............................................................................................................................................................................ 92
INDRA 2017: First tri-services military exercise between India-Russia begins ....................................................................................... 92
INDRA 2017 ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 92
Comment ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 92
India, Brazil, South Africa sign IBSA Trust Fund agreement ...................................................................................................................... 93
IBSA Trust Fund ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 93
IBSA Dialogue Forum .................................................................................................................................................................................. 93
Cooperation in IBSA is on three fronts .................................................................................................................................................... 93
India tops list of pollution-linked deaths: Study .............................................................................................................................................. 93
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 93
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 94
Government sets up expert group for suggestions on artificial intelligence policy ................................................................................ 95
Seven-point strategy on AI .......................................................................................................................................................................... 95

Artificial intelligence ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 95

October 21-22, 2017 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 95
5-member committee formed to select editor-in-chief of RSTV ............................................................................................................... 95
Rajya Sabha TV (RSTV) .............................................................................................................................................................................. 95
October 21: Police Commemoration Day ........................................................................................................................................................ 96
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 96
Why Police Commemoration Day is celebrated? ................................................................................................................................... 96
Government permits banks to sell more small savings schemes ................................................................................................................ 96
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 96
Small saving schemes ................................................................................................................................................................................... 96
APEDA to promote NE products in Bangladesh and Myanmar ................................................................................................................ 97
Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) ................................................................. 97
Rajasthan Government introduces bill prohibiting probes against judges, officers without sanction ................................................ 97
Features of Bill ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 97
GSTN launches excel-based offline tool to file initial GSTR-3B returns .................................................................................................. 97
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 97
Goods and Services Tax Network (GSTN) ............................................................................................................................................ 98
Peru approves medicinal use of marijuana ...................................................................................................................................................... 98
Marijuana ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 98
NASA extends Dawn Mission at dwarf planet Ceres ................................................................................................................................... 98
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 99
Dawn Mission ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 99
October 23, 2017 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 99
HRD Ministry pushes for cash-free campuses ............................................................................................................................................... 99
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 99
Vittiya Saksharta Abhiyan (VISAKA) ........................................................................................................................................................ 99
Government makes mandatory for Banks to match original IDs with photocopies ............................................................................ 100
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 100
New Rule ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 100
Denmark Open: Kidambi Srikanth wins third Super Series title .............................................................................................................. 100
Other category winners .............................................................................................................................................................................. 100
2017 Denmark Super Series Premier ...................................................................................................................................................... 101
4th ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting-Plus to be held in Philippines .................................................................................................. 101
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 101
ADMM-Plus ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 101
Sri Lankan Coast Guard commissions OPV SURAKSHA gifted by India ............................................................................................... 101
SLCGS Suraksha ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 101
INCG Varuna ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 101
PM launches South Asia’s first Ro-Ro ferry service in Gujarat ................................................................................................................. 102
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 102
Benefits ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 102
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 103
India’s first Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendra for Skilling in Smart Cities inaugurated in New Delhi .............................................. 103
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 103
October 24, 2017 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 103
October 24: World Development Information Day ..................................................................................................................................... 103
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 103
56th Raising Day of ITBP observed ................................................................................................................................................................ 104
Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) ......................................................................................................................................................... 104
Paika rebellion to be named as 1st War of Independence: Government ................................................................................................. 104
Paika Bidroha (rebellion) ........................................................................................................................................................................... 104
24 October: United Nations Day ..................................................................................................................................................................... 105
United Nations .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 105
League of Nations (LoN) ........................................................................................................................................................................... 105
TRAI recommends 40% reduction in carbon emission by 2022-23 for sustainable telecommunications ..................................... 105

Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 105

Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) ................................................................................................................................... 106
Government appoints Dineshwar Sharma as its representative in J&K ................................................................................................... 106
Need ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 106
Key Facts ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 106
Dineshwar Sharma ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 106
RBI sets up task force for India Public Credit Registry ............................................................................................................................... 106
Terms of reference of task force ............................................................................................................................................................. 107
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 107
All-women crew of Navika Sagar Parikrama expedition reaches Fremantle ......................................................................................... 107
INSV Tarini ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 107
Navika Sagar Parikrama ............................................................................................................................................................................. 107
Significance ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 108
October 25, 2017 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 108
India ink $300 Million loan agreement with ADB to promote fiscal reforms in West Bengal ......................................................... 108
Second West Bengal Development Finance Program ......................................................................................................................... 108
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 109
Asian Development Bank (ADB) ............................................................................................................................................................. 109
24 October: World Polio Day ........................................................................................................................................................................... 109
Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) .............................................................................................................................................. 109
Poliovirus ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 109
Government launches website of CIPAM ....................................................................................................................................................... 110
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 110
CIPAM ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 110
World’s oldest maritime astrolabe that guided ships to India found ......................................................................................................... 110
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 110
Astrolabe ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 110
Ministries of Power & Textiles join hands for SAATHI initiative ............................................................................................................... 111
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 111
Benefits ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 111
Background ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 111
CSIR-NIIST scientists develop organic near-infrared filter .......................................................................................................................... 111
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 111
Significance ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 112
Girija Devi: Queen of Thumri passes away .................................................................................................................................................... 112
Girija Devi ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 112
Thumri ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 112
SC bans dirty pet-coke, furnace oil in Haryana, Rajasthan, UP .................................................................................................................. 112
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 112
Significance of SC directive ........................................................................................................................................................................ 113
BharatMala Pariyojana: Government to build 83,677 km of infrastructure projects ........................................................................... 113
BharatMala Pariyojana ................................................................................................................................................................................. 113
Government announces Bank Recapitalisation Plan to infuse Rs. 2.11 lakh crore capital in PSBs ..................................................... 114
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 114
Recapitalisation .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 114
Need for Recapitalisation ............................................................................................................................................................................ 114
Implications of Recapitalisation .................................................................................................................................................................. 114
CVC to develop Integrity Index of 25 Government Organizations ........................................................................................................... 115
Objectives of Integrity Index ...................................................................................................................................................................... 115
Key Facts ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 115
Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) ...................................................................................................................................................... 115
October 26, 2017 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 115
India imposes anti-dumping duty on some stainless steel imports ............................................................................................................ 115
Anti-dumping Duty ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 116
First BIMSTEC Task Force on Traditional Medicine meeting held in New Delhi ................................................................................ 116

Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 116

Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) ................................................ 116
Indian Navy approves new mission-based deployment plan ...................................................................................................................... 116
New mission-based Deployment Plan ..................................................................................................................................................... 116
New transition cycle ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 117
Muddle over GEAC’s approval for GM mustard DMH-11 ......................................................................................................................... 117
Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) ............................................................................................................................ 117
GM Mustard DMH-11 ................................................................................................................................................................................. 117
Comment ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 117
Scientists develop new tool to improve monsoon forecast ......................................................................................................................... 117
Significance .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 117
Global Passport Power Rank 2017: India ranks 75 ...................................................................................................................................... 118
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 118
Global Passport Power Rank ...................................................................................................................................................................... 118
Start-up Sangam Initiative: Oil companies to back 30 start-ups with Rs 320-crore fund .................................................................. 118
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 118
Ichthyosaur fossil discovered for first time in India ...................................................................................................................................... 119
Ichthyosaur ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 119
Significance of discovery ............................................................................................................................................................................. 119
October 27, 2017 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 119
October 27: World Day for Audiovisual Heritage ........................................................................................................................................ 119
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 119
27 October: Infantry Day .................................................................................................................................................................................. 120
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 120
Kilogram will get new measure set by value of Planck constant from 2019 ......................................................................................... 120
Why it was changed? .................................................................................................................................................................................. 120
New measure for kilogram ........................................................................................................................................................................ 120
Significance ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 121
Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 121
Rajasthan passes bill to provide reservation to Gujjars and four other nomadic communities .......................................................... 122
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 123
Government gives LoI to 7 companies for 14 monuments under Adopt a Heritage Scheme ........................................................... 123
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 123
Adopt a Heritage Scheme (Apni Dharohar Apni Pehchan Project) ................................................................................................. 123
REPAIR: Scientists develop RNA editing tool to combat genetic disease ................................................................................................ 123
REPAIR ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 124
Significance .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 124
Comment ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 124
India, Sri Lanka ink MoU for housing project deal in Hambantota ......................................................................................................... 124
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 124
Significance .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 125
Indian Railway’s first set of solar plant of 5 MW capacity launched ........................................................................................................ 125
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 125
First International Conference on Consumer Protection held in New Delhi .......................................................................................... 125
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 126
New Consumer Protection Bill ................................................................................................................................................................. 126
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) ............................................................................................ 126
October 28-29, 2017 .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 126
Indian Railways to revise flexi-fares system on premium trains ................................................................................................................ 126
Need ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 126
Revised flexi-fare system ............................................................................................................................................................................ 126
Flexi-fare system ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 126
Javed Akhtar awarded 2017 Hridaynath Mangeshkar Award .................................................................................................................. 127
Javed Akhtar .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 127
Hridaynath Mangeshkar Award ............................................................................................................................................................... 127

Phase 1 of Bharat Net project to be completed by December 2017 ........................................................................................................ 127

Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 127
BharatNet ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 127
14th SAARCLAW Conference held in Colombo, Sri Lanka ...................................................................................................................... 128
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 128
SAARCLAW Conference ............................................................................................................................................................................ 128
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) ........................................................................................................... 128
Government inks $65.5 Million Loan agreement with ADB to support Coastal Protection in Karnataka ..................................... 128
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program .......................................................................................... 128
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 128
Government makes use of Public Finance Management System mandatory for central schemes ................................................... 129
Public Finance Management System (PFMS) ....................................................................................................................................... 129
Significance .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 129
OPV Vikram: L&T hand overs first defence vessel built in private shipyard to Coast Guard ............................................................. 129
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 130
Scientists link new virus to kala-azar .............................................................................................................................................................. 130
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 130
Kala-azar ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 131
October 30, 2017 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 131
Four Asian vulture species from India gets highest protection under CMS ............................................................................................ 131
Species awarded highest protection are .................................................................................................................................................. 131
Outcomes of Manila summit of CMS ..................................................................................................................................................... 132
2017 French Open badminton: Kidambi Srikanth wins men’s singles title ............................................................................................ 132
Other Category Winners ............................................................................................................................................................................. 132
French Open .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 132
Home Ministry set to take over Bureau of Civil Aviation Security ........................................................................................................... 132
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 132
Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS) .............................................................................................................................................. 133
India sends first wheat shipment to Afghanistan via Chabahar por ......................................................................................................... 133
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 133
Significance .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 134
Indian Army finalises plan to modernise weapons ....................................................................................................................................... 134
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 134
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 134
India to host UN Summit on Conservation of Migratory Species in 2020 ............................................................................................ 134
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 135
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) .......................................................................... 135
World’s fastest, shortest laser pulse created ................................................................................................................................................... 135
Laser ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 135
Applications ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 135
11th India-US Trade Policy Forum Meeting held in Washington D.C ..................................................................................................... 135
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 136
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 136
October 31, 2017 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 136
MSME Samadhaan: Government launches MSME Delayed Payment Portal ......................................................................................... 136
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 136
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 137
China launches world’s first hybrid electric tram powered by hydrogen fuel cells .............................................................................. 137
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 137
Government inks $200 million Loan Agreement for Assam Agribusiness and Rural Transformation Project ............................. 137
Assam Agribusiness and Rural Transformation Project ...................................................................................................................... 137
Home Ministry eases Arms Rules to woo investments ............................................................................................................................... 138
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 138
Significance .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 138
Life term for government officials indulging in torture: Law Commission ............................................................................................ 138

Key Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................................................... 138

UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment .................................. 139
India tops list of new TB cases in 2016: WHO Report ............................................................................................................................... 139
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 139
Main Challenges ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 139
Tuberculosis (TB) ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 140
India, Italy sign six pacts and to enhance counter-terror cooperation .................................................................................................... 140
Key Takeaways from talks ........................................................................................................................................................................ 140
Singed Agreements are .............................................................................................................................................................................. 140
India-Italy Relations ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 140
31 October: Rashtriya Ekta Diwas .................................................................................................................................................................... 141
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel .............................................................................................................................................................................. 141
Article 35-A: SC adjourns hearing by 3 months ........................................................................................................................................... 141
What is Article 35-A? .................................................................................................................................................................................. 142
Permanent Residents ................................................................................................................................................................................... 142
Petitions demanding scrapping of Article 35A ...................................................................................................................................... 142
Government constitutes Alternative Mechanism Panel for PSBs consolidation ..................................................................................... 142
Key Facts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 142
Purpose of PSBs consolidation .................................................................................................................................................................. 143
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 143
Significance of PSBs consolidation ........................................................................................................................................................... 143

Date-wise PDF Compilation of Current Affairs Today Updates October, 2017 comprises two documents viz. (1)
Subjective (News Summaries & Updates) Compendium (2) Objective Current Affairs (MCQ) Compendium. This part
is News Compendium covering Monthly Highlights, Facts in News and Date Wise Updates published in GKToday.
We have provided Current Affairs Questions Compendium separately covering 240 questions published in October,
2017. These documents are suitable for SSC, Bank PO, Bank Clerical, IBPS, CLAT, Railways, State Level / Union
Public Services examinations. Visit https://store.gktoday.in for other documents.
Month Highlights: October -2017

Government Policy and Schemes
India gets first-ever crude shipment from US
India received first ever shipment of US crude oil of 1.6 million barrels, purchased by state-run Indian Oil
Corporation (IOC) at Paradip Port in Odisha.
Odisha’s Land Bank
The Odisha Government is creating 1.2 lakh acre land bank across state for allocation to industrial sector in
order to avoid repeat of Posco fiasco. The purpose of the land bank is to cut red tape and avoid local issues in
the land acquisition process.
NHAI’s Free Eye Check-up Campaign
The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has launched countrywide Free Eye Check-up Campaign
and distribution of spectacles for truck drivers, cleaners and helpers.
Commission to Examine OBC Sub-categorisation
President Ram Nath Kovind has appointed five-member commission to examine sub-categorisation of Other
Backward Classes (OBCs). It will be headed by retired Chief Justice of Delhi High Court G. Rohini.
Mathru Poorna scheme
The Karnataka Government has launched Mathru Poorna Scheme to meet nutritional needs of pregnant and
lactating women in rural areas of state.
Muktyal to Vijayawada waterway
Vice President M Venkaiah Naidu laid foundation stone to develop Muktyal to Vijayawada waterway stretch
on River Krishna as part of National Waterway 4 at Amaravati in Andhra Pradesh. The 82-km inland
waterway stretch is Phase-1 of National Waterway-4 developed under Sagar Mala project.
Kandla Port renamed as Deendayal Port
The Union Cabinet has approved proposal of Union Ministry of Shipping to rename of Kandla Port in Gujarat
as Deendayal Port, Kandla. The port was renamed after BJP ideologue Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay who had
dedicated his entire life for public service.
Rajiv Kumar Committee
The Government has constituted a high-level committee for proper management of water resources in North
Eastern Region (NER) under Chairmanship of Rajiv Kumar, Vice-Chairman of NITI Aayog.
Paryatan Parv
Ministry of Tourism in collaboration with Other Union Ministries and State Governments has launched
nationwide ‘Paryatan Parv’ to showcase cultural diversity of country and reinforce the principle of ‘Tourism for
All’. Its objective is to draw focus on the benefits of tourism.
Rina Mitra Study Group
The Union Home Ministry has formed study group to examine various problems faced by people residing near
International Border (IB) and Line of Control (LOC) in Jammu and Kashmir in wake of regular ceasefire
violations by Pakistan. It will be headed by Rina Mitra, Special Secretary in Home Ministry.
Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHA) at
Gandhinagar in Gujarat.It aims at imparting digital literacy to citizens in rural areas free of cost. It aims to

provide access to information, knowledge, education, and healthcare.

GST Composition Scheme
The GST Council has constituted a Group of Ministers (GoM) to make the composition scheme more
attractive and revisit the goods and services tax rates on restaurants. It will be headed by Assam Finance
Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma.
VAJRA Faculty Scheme
The Union Ministry of Science and Technology’s Visiting Advanced Joint Research (VAJRA) Faculty Scheme
has received 260 applications from foreign scientists of whom 70 will be shortlisted. The scheme is meant to
attract top international talent to country’s research and development (R&D) ecosystem.
Sovereign Gold Bonds
The Union Government in consultation with Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has launched Sovereign Gold Bonds
2017-18 – Series-III. The applications for bond will be accepted from October 09, 2017 to December 27, 2017.
Intensified Mission Indradhanush
The Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has launched Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) to
accelerate full immunization coverage to more than 90% by December 2018.
Value Engineering Program
Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) has decided to implement “Value Engineering Program”
to promote use of new technologies, materials and equipment in highways projects executed either under
Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode or public funding mode.
SANKALP & STRIVE Schemes
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved two World Bank supported schemes Skills
Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Promotion (SANKALP) and Skill Strengthening for
Industrial Value Enhancement (STRIVE) to boost Skill India Mission.
Sampoorna Bima Gram Yojana
The Union Government has launched Sampoorna Bima Gram (SBG) Yojana and expanded coverage of Postal
Life Insurance (PLI) in a bid to provide affordable life insurance services to people particularly those living in
rural areas.
All India Institute of Ayurveda
Prime Minister Narendra Modi on dedicated first All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA) in New Delhi to the
nation on the occasion of National Ayurveda Day observed on the occasion of Dhanwantari Jayanti (17
October 2017).
#IamThatWoman
The Union Ministry of Women and Child Development (WCD) has launched online campaign
#IamThatWoman in an attempt to end Gender bias in women against women. It was launched by WCD
Minister Meneka Gandhi.
Bharatmala programme
The NHAI will soon get powers to approve highway projects with construction cost of more than Rs 1,000
crore to ensure faster implementation of Bharatmala programme.
Ro-Ro ferry service launched in Gujarat
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated first phase of Ro-Ro (roll-on, roll-off) ferry service between
Ghogha in Bhavnagar district and Dahej in Bharuch district in the Gulf of Cambay, Gujarat. It is South Asia’s
first world class Ro-Ro ferry service.
First Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendra for Skilling
India’s first Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendra (PMKK) for Skilling in Smart Cities was inaugurated at Mandir
Marg, New Delhi. It has been set up Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana by National Skill Development

Corporation (NSDC) in collaboration with New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC).

SAATHI initiative
Ministries of Power and Textiles have joined hands under SAATHI (Sustainable and Accelerated Adoption of
efficient Textile technologies to Help small Industries) initiative.
BharatMala Pariyojana
Government has announced to build 83,677km of roads, highways, greenfield expressways and bridges with
investment of Rs.6.92 lakh core in next five years i.e. by 2022 to further optimise efficiency of movement of
goods and people across the country. It also includes first phase of new umbrella programme BharatMala
Pariyojana that involves construction of 34,800 km highways by 2022.
Integrity Index
The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) has decided to develop Integrity Index of 25 Government
Organizations in line with its broader strategy and emphasis on preventive vigilance.
CIPAM Website
The official website of Cell for IPR Promotion and Management (CIPAM) of Department of Industrial Policy
and Promotion (DIPP) was launched in New Delhi Commerce and Industry Minister Suresh Prabhu.
Start-up Sangam initiative
Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas launched Start-up Sangam initiative to develop new business models,
marketing plans, technology and innovations in heavy oil and gas industry sector by supporting 30 start-ups.
Adopt a Heritage Scheme
The Union Ministry of Tourism gave Letters of Intent (LoI) to seven shortlisted companies for adopting 14
monuments under Adopt a Heritage Scheme at the closing ceremony of ‘Paryatan Parv’ held in New Delhi.
Bharat Net project
The first phase of national optic fibre network christened as Bharat Net project will be completed by December
2017, thus providing internet access to 100,000 gram panchayats.
Public Finance Management System (PFMS)
The Union Government has made use of Public Finance Management System (PFMS) mandatory for all
central schemes to ensure that benefits of government schemes reach the last mile. It will help monitor the
flow of funds to beneficiaries of different government welfare schemes.
MSME Samadhaan Portal
The Union Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME) has launched MSME Delayed Payment
Portal – MSME Samadhaan.
Assam Agribusiness and Rural Transformation Project
The Union Government and World Bank have signed $200 million Loan Agreement for Assam Agribusiness
and Rural Transformation Project.
Arun Jaitley Panel
The Union Government has constituted Alternative Mechanism Panel headed by Union Finance Minister
Arun Jaitley to oversee merger proposals of public sector banks (PSBs). The other members of the panel
include Railway and Coal Minister Piyush Goyal and Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman.
Science, Technology & Environment
Global Wildlife Programme (GWP) Conference
The Global Wildlife Programme (GWP) Conference was recently held in New Delhi. It was jointly hosted by
Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC), World Bank and United Nations
Development Programme. Theme of the Conference was – “Peoples’ participation in wildlife conservation”.
Third National Wildlife Action Plan
The Union Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has unveiled third National
Wildlife Action Plan for 2017-2031 to chalk out future road map for wildlife conservation. It is third action

plan after first released in 1983 to 2001 and second from 2002 to 2016, that had protected area-centric
approach to wildlife conservation.
SECURE Himalaya Project
The Union Government had launched SECURE Himalaya, a six-year project to ensure conservation of locally
and globally significant biodiversity, land and forest resources in high Himalayan ecosystem spread over four
states viz. Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand and Sikkim.
Rapid test to diagnose Zika and dengue
Researchers including from India have developed low-cost, rapid diagnostic test consisting of pan-dengue strip
for diagnosing Zika and dengue viruses and differentiating four serotypes of dengue virus.
Sibir
Russia launched Sibir (Siberia), the world’s largest nuclear-powered icebreaker ship built under Project 22220
into the water at the Baltic Shipyard in St Petersburg. Sibir is second of three icebreakers of new class of
biggest nuclear powered icebreakers ever constructed under Project 22220.
Turtle sanctuary in Allahabad
The Union Ministry of Water Resources has approved project to set up Turtle sanctuary in Allahabad along
with River Biodiversity Park at Sangam in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh under Namami Gange programme. The
purpose of the Turtle sanctuary is to protect the rich aquatic biodiversity of river Ganga from escalating
anthropogenic pressures.
Snow Leopard
Scientists for first time have captured images of Snow Leopard using camera trap at Thembang village’s
Community Conserved Area (CCA) in West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh.
Smart Bandage
Scientists from US have developed a smart bandage that can precisely control dose and delivery schedule of
medication tailored for a specific type of wound, leading to faster healing.
Cbas Zika test
United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved ‘Cbas Zika test’ for detecting Zika virus in
donated blood. It is first of kind test approved by FDA for detecting Zika virus in donated blood.
Michibiki satellite
The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) successfully launched Michibiki-4 satellite (QZSS-4)
onboard of H-IIA rocket from Tanegashima Space Centre. It was fourth satellite in Michibiki series i.e. Quasi-
Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), which is a satellite-based high-precision global positioning system similar to
US operated GPS.
World’s largest combustion research centre
National Centre for Combustion Research and Development (NCCRD) was inaugurated at Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT), Madras in Tamil Nadu. It is world’s largest combustion research centre and one of best
diagnostic centres in the country to understand combustion.
CarbFix Project
The world’s first negative emissions plant under the CarbFix Project to turn atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2)
into stone has begun operations in Hellisheidi, Iceland. It is intended to lock away carbon dioxide by reacting it
with basaltic rocks. Work on the project began in 2007.
Sawfish
Scientists on World Sawfish Day (observed on October 17th) announced that sawfish, sighted off Indian coast
less than 10 times in over a decade appears to be more threatened than tigers and elephants
Hemidactylus kangerensis
Researchers have discovered new species of gecko at Chhattisgarh’s Kanger Ghati National Park in Eastern

Ghats. It common name is the Kanger valley rock gecko and scientific name is Hemidactylus kangerensis,
named after the valley were it was discovered.
Dawn Mission
NASA approved second extension of Dawn mission at Ceres dwarf planet which is the largest object in the
asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
GM mustard DMH-11
It was reported earlier in May 2017 that Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) had cleared
transgenic mustard, DMH-11 for commercial cultivation. However, records of that GEAC meeting which was
made public now do not record any such approval.
Ichthyosaur fossil
Geologists for the first time have discovered 152 million-year-old fossil of Ichthyosaur, an extinct marine
reptile in in Kutch desert region of Gujarat. The specimen belongs to Ophthalmosauridae family of
ichthyosaurs that lived in oceans between 165 and 90 million years ago.
UN Summit on Conservation of Migratory Species in 2020
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has announced that India will host next Convention on
the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) Conference of Parties 13 (CMS COP13) in year
2020. CMS COP is also known as a Global Wildlife Conference.
RNA Editing for Programmable A to I Replacement (REPAIR)
Scientists from The Broad Institute and Massachusetts Institute of Technology in US have developed RNA
Editing for Programmable A to I Replacement (REPAIR), a new gene editing tool therapies that can reverse
disease-causing mutations in humans.
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program
The Union Government has inked $65.5 million loan agreement with Asian Development Bank (ADB) to
continue interventions to check coastal erosion on the Western Coast in Karnataka.
kala-azar
Scientists have found that parasite called Leptomonas seymouri hosting virus called Lepsey NLV1 may be also
responsible for spread of kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis). Earlier it was believed that parasite Leishmania
donovani (sandfly) alone is responsible for spread of the dreaded infection.
World’s shortest X-ray laser pulse
Scientists from ETH Zurich in Switzerland have successfully created the world’s shortest X-ray laser pulse with
duration of just 43 attoseconds (1×10−18 of a second). This laser pulse is the shortest controlled event that has
ever been created by humans.
World’s first hybrid electric tram
The world’s first hybrid electric tram powered by hydrogen fuel cells was launched in China’s Tangshan city,
north China’s Hebei Province to give big boost to green energy in public transport.
Events & Observances
1 October: International Day of Older Persons
The International Day of Older Persons (IDOP) is observed every year on October 1 to raise awareness about
issues affecting elderly and to appreciate contributions that older people make to society.
2 October: International Day of Non-violence
The International Day of Non-violence is celebrated every year on 2 October throughout world on the birth
anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, leader of Indian independence movement and also pioneer of philosophy of
non-violence (ahimsa).
October 2: World Habitat Day
The World Habitat Day was observed all over the world on 2 October 2017. The purpose of day is to reflect on
state of cities and towns and basic human right to adequate shelter. It also aims to remind world of its collective

responsibility for habitat of future generations.

International Conference on Dialogue of Civilizations – IV
The International conference on “Dialogue of Civilizations – IV” held in New Delhi. It has been organised by
Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), under Union Ministry of Culture in collaboration with National
Geographic Society (NGS).
October 11: International Day of the Girl Child
The International Day of the Girl Child is observed on October 11 every year across world to recognize girls’
rights and the unique challenges girls face around the world.
October 13: International Day for Disaster Reduction
The International Day for Disaster Reduction (IDDR) is observed every year on October 13 to promote a
global culture of risk-awareness and disaster reduction.
October 14: World Standards Day
The World Standards Day is observed every year on 14 October across the globe to mark the development of
voluntary engineering and scientific standards. The theme for year 2017 is “Standards make cities smarter”.
16 October: World Food Day
The World Food Day is observed globally on 16 October to mark foundation of Food and Agriculture
Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations in 1945. The theme for the year 2017 is “Change the future of
migration. Invest in food security and rural development.”
October 15: International Day of Rural Women
The International Day of Rural Women is observed every year on October 15 to recognize the crucial role and
contribution of rural women.
October 17: The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty
The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty (IDEP) is observed every year on October 17 to raise
people’s awareness of the need to eradicate poverty and destitution worldwide, particularly in developing
countries.
October 21: Police Commemoration Day
The Police Commemoration Day is observed on October 21st every year to pay homage to the Police Martyrs.
The day commemorates supreme sacrifices of ten policemen while defending borders with China in 1959.
56th Raising Day of ITBP observed
The 56th raising day of the Indo Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) was celebrated 24 October. It was raised on
24th October in 1962. ITBP is deployed on guarding 3488 kilometer long India-China Border from Karakoram
Pass in Ladakh to Jachep La in Arunachal Pradesh.
24 October: World Polio Day
The World Polio Day is observed annually across world on 24 October to create awareness about the hazards
of the crippling Polio disease. The day was established by Rotary International to commemorate birth of Jonas
Salk who had led the first team of researchers which had developed a vaccine against poliomyelitis (polio
virus).
October 24: World Development Information Day
The World Development Information Day (WDID) is observed every year on October 24 to draw attention of
world to development problems and necessity of strengthening international cooperation to solve them.
24 October: United Nations Day
The United Nations Day is observed every year on 24th October to mark anniversary of entry into force of UN
Charter in 1945. With ratification of this founding document by majority of its members, including five
permanent members of UN Security Council, United Nations officially came into existence.
October 27: World Day for Audiovisual Heritage
The World Day for Audiovisual Heritage (WDAH) is observed every year on October 27 to raise of awareness

of significance of and preservation risks recorded sound and audiovisual documents (films, sound and video
recordings, television and radio programmes).
27 October: Infantry Day
The Infantry Day in observed every year in India on 27 October to commemorate supreme sacrifices made by
Indian Army’s infantry against Pakistan in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) in 1947. It was first infantry action by
Indian Army after independence.
First International Consumer Protection Conference
The First International Consumer Protection Conference on empowering consumers in new markets for
South, South East and East Asian Countries was held in New Delhi from 26 to 27 October 2017. The theme of
the conference was “Empowering Consumers in New Markets”.
14th SAARCLAW Conference
The 14th South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation in Law (SAARCLAW) Conference was held in
Colombo, capital city of Sri Lanka along with 11th SAARC Chief Justices Conference.
31 October: Rashtriya Ekta Diwas
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National Unity Day) is observed every year across India on 31 October to commemorate
birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhai Patel who had played important role in unifying the country.
Defence Related
1st BIMSTEC Disaster Management Exercise-201
The first BIMSTEC Disaster Management Exercise-2017 (DMEx-2017) was held in New Delhi, India from
October 10-13, 2017. It was conducted by National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) as the lead agency in the
National Capital Region (NCR).
Passage Exercise
Indian Naval Ships Satpura and Kadmatt participated in Passage Exercise (PASSEX) with Japanese Marine Self
Defence Force (JMSDF) held at Sasebo, Japan.
Mitra Shakti 2017
The 5th India-Sri Lanka joint training exercise “Mitra Shakti 2017” was held Aundh Military Station in Pune,
Maharshtra. The two weeks exercise (October 13 and 25) is based on Counter Terrorist Operations (CTO) and
Infantry company from both countries are participating in it.
INS Kiltan
Indigenously-built anti-submarine warfare stealth corvette INS Kiltan was commissioned an into the Indian
Navy at the Eastern Naval Command (Naval Dockyard) in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh It is India’s first
major warship to have a superstructure of carbon fibre composite material.
INDRA 2017
The first tri-service armed Forces (Army, Navy, & Air Force) exercise INDRA 2017 between India and Russia
began at the 249th Combined Army Range Sergeevisky and in Sea of Japan near Vladivostok.
OPV SURAKSHA
Sri Lankan Coast Guard has commissioned Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) SURAKSHA gifted by India at
Colombo port. It is first OPV of Sri Lankan Coast Guard.
Navika Sagar Parikrama
INSV Tarini carrying all-women crew members of Navika Sagar Parikrama, India’s first ever circumnavigation
expedition of globe by all-women crew entered west Australian port of Fremantle.
Mission-based deployment plan
Indian Navy has approved new mission-based deployment plan for deploying mission-ready ships and aircraft
along critical sea lanes of communications and choke points in Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
BIMSTEC Task Force on Traditional Medicine (BITFM)
The first-ever meeting of BIMSTEC Task Force on Traditional Medicine (BITFM) was held at Parvasi

Bhartiya Kendra in New Delhi. It was organized by Union Ministry of AYUSH.

OPV Vikram
Larsen and Toubro (L&T) handed over offshore patrol vessel (OPV) named “Vikram” to the Indian Coast
Guard. It is country’s first-ever such defence vessel to be built in a private shipyard. The vessel was
indigenously developed in-house at L&T’s Kattupalli shipyard.
Awards
2017 Nobel Medicine Prize
The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Jeffrey C. Hall (72), Michael Rosbash (73) and
Michael W. Young (68).They were awarded for discovering molecular mechanisms controlling circadian
rhythm.
2017 Nobel Prize in Physics
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has selected three American scientists Rainer Weiss, Barry C. Barish
and Kip S. Thorne for 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics. They were selected for their decisive contributions to
LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory) detector and the observation of gravitational
waves.
2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has selected Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank and Richard
Henderson for the 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.They were selected for developing cryo-electron microscopy
for the high resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution.
2017 Nobel Prize in literature
The Swedish Academy has selected Japanese-born English novelist Kazuo Ishiguro (62) for the 2017 Nobel
Prize in literature. He was selected for his works that are of great emotional force which uncovers the abyss
beneath our illusory sense of connection with the world.
2017 Nobel Peace Prize
Norwegian Nobel Committee has selected Geneva-based International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
(ICAN) for 2017 Nobel Peace Prize. It was selected for its decade-long campaign to get rid the world of atomic
bomb and for its work to draw attention to catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear
weapons and its ground-breaking efforts to achieve treaty-based prohibition of such weapons.
Gauri Lankesh
Late Kannada journalist Gauri Lankesh awarded a prestigious Reach All Women in WAR (RAW in WAR)
Anna Politkovskaya Award. She will share this award with Gulalai Ismail, a Pakistani peace activist who has
faced death threats for speaking out against Taliban.
2017 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences
American economist Richard H. Thaler has won 2017 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for his contributions
to behavioural economics. He will receive 9-million-kronor ($1.1-million) prize.
Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration
Carnatic vocalist T M Krishna won 30th Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration for 2015 -16 for his
services in promoting and preserving national integration in the country.
2017 Man Booker Prize
American author George Saunders won the 2017 Man Booker Prize, a high-profile literary award for his first
full-length novel “Lincoln in the Bardo”.
2017 Blue Planet Prize
Prof Hans Joachim Schellnhuber from Germany won 2017 Blue Planet Prize, world’s most prestigious award
for pioneers in environmental science.
Green Platinum Award
The Govardhan Eco Village, set up by the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) in Wada

taluka of Palghar district, Maharashtra has won the Green Platinum Award.
Gitanjali Rao
Indian-American Gitanjali Rao (11) won the 2017 Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for
inventing a quick, low-cost test to detect lead-contaminated water.
Javed Akhtar
Veteran writer-lyricist Javed Akhtar (72) was honoured with the 2017 Hridaynath Mangeshkar Award at event
in Mumbai which marked 80th birthday of veteran music composer Hridaynath Mangeshkar and 28th
anniversary of Hridayesh Arts.
Persons in news – Appointments / Elections
Dr. Soumya Swaminathan
The World Health Organization (WHO) has appointed Dr. Soumya Swaminathan (58) as one of two deputy
directors general. This is first time such second-highest position created within WHO and highest post held by
Indian in WHO.
Satya Pal Malik
Satya Pal Malik (71) was sworn-in as 35th Governor of Bihar. He was administered oath to office by Chief
Justice of Patna High Court Rajendra Menon.
Rajnish Kumar
The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has appointed Rajnish Kumar (59) as the new chairman
of State Bank of India (SBI). His name was recommended by Vinod Rai-led Bank Board Bureau.
Ganga Prasad
Ganga Prasad was sworn in as the 17th Governor of Meghalaya. He was administered oath of office and
secrecy by Chief Justice of Meghalaya High Court Justice Dinesh Maheshwari. He succeeds B Purohit who was
given additional charge as governor of Meghalaya.
Banwarilal Purohit
Banwarilal Purohit was sworn in as 25th Governor of Tamil Nadu. He will take charge from C Vidyasagar Rao,
Governor of Maharashtra who was hold additional charge after tenure of K. Rosaiah had ended on 31 August
2016.
Jagdish Mukhi
Jagdish Mukhi was sworn in as new Governor of Assam. He was administered oath of office by Gauhati High
Court Chief Justice Ajit Singh. He succeeded Banwarilal Purohit who has been appointed as the Governor of
Tamil Nadu.
Anupam Kher
Veteran actor Anupam Kher (62) was appointed as new Chairman of the Film and Television Institute of India
(FTII) in Pune. He will succeed Gajendra Chauhan whose tenure ended in March 2017.
Audrey Azoulay
Former French Culture Minister Audrey Azoulay (45) was elected as new Director General of UNESCO – the
UN’s education, science and culture agency. With this, she becomes first Jewish Director of UNESCO.
Sunny Verghese
Sunny Verghese, co-founder and Group CEO of Singapore-based Olam International was appointed as the
new chairman of World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).
Dineshwar Sharma
The Union Government has appointed former Intelligence Bureau (IB) Chief Dineshwar Sharma as its
Representative (or special interlocutor) to initiate and carry forward sustained dialogue on Jammu and
Kashmir (J&K) with all stakeholders.
Sports
Kidambi Srikanth

India’s ace shuttler Kidambi Srikanth (World No. 8) won US $750,000 Denmark Open title of badminton in
the men’s single category.
Kidambi Srikanth
India’s ace shuttler Kidambi Srikanth (World no. 8) won French Open Superseries badminton title in men’s
single category. In the final match, he defeated Japan’s Kenta Nishimoto by 21-14, 21-13 score.
Finance, Business and Economy
Valuable Nation Brand List
According to Brand Finance’s recently released Nation Brands 2017 report, India was ranked 8th out of 100
countries on a list of most valuable nation brands. This year India slipped by one spot compared to 7th rank in
2016 and ceded its previous spot to Canada.
Global Hunger Index 2017
India ranked 100th position among 119 countries on Global Hunger Index (GHI) 2017 report released by
Washington-based International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). This year slipped by three positions
as compared to 97th rank in 2016 GHI.
Nisha Desai Biswal
Former US Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central Asia Nisha Desai Biswal was appointed as
President of US-India Business Council (USIBC).
India’s first commodity options in Gold
Largest commodity bourse Multi-Commodity Exchange of India Ltd (MCX) launched India’s first commodity
options in gold. The gold futures contract will have bi-monthly duration. The option will also have the
existing gold kilo futures contract as its underlier.
Times Higher Education Rankings
The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bangalore and Indian Instituted of Technology (IIT) Bombay were
ranked among world’s top 200 institutions for engineering and computer science in Times Higher Education
subject-wise rankings.
Global Passport Power Rank 2017
India’s passport was ranked 75th among 94 countries in recently released Global Passport Power Rank 2017.
India was ranked three notches better than its previous ranking.
Miscellaneous Terms and Facts
Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar Temple
The Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar Temple in Madurai (Tamil Nadu) was adjudged as the cleanest iconic place
in country under Swachhta Hi Seva (cleanliness is service) programme. It earned top slot from among 10 iconic
places selected by Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation under Swachh Bharath Mission.
IBSA Trust Fund agreement
India, Brazil and South Africa (IBSA) have signed the IBSA Trust Fund Agreement that seeks to fight poverty
in developing countries.
Girija Devi
Eminent classical singer Girija Devi passed away following a cardiac arrest at age of 88. She was considered as
queen of thumri, a common genre of semi-classical Indian music.
Paika rebellion
The Union Human Resource Development Minister Prakash Javadekar has announced that Paika rebellion
(Paika Bidroha) of 1817 will be named as First War of Independence against British Rule in history books from
next academic session. Earlier, 1857 Sepoy Mutiny was regarded as the First War of Indian Independence, but
Paika Bidroha predates it.

October, 2017
Facts in News [FIN]: September, 2017
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 1, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs.
President Ramnath Kovind inaugurates Shirdi airport in Maharashtra
President Ramnath Kovind inaugurated Shirdi airport in Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra and
also flagged off inaugural flight of Alliance Air from Shirdi to Mumbai. The new airport will slash
travel time between Mumbai and Shirdi, around 240 km apart, to barely 45 minutes from existing
six hours. President also inaugurated Centenary Celebrations of Samadhi of Shri Saibaba at
famous Sai Mandir at Shirdi. Shirdi is small town in western Maharashtra. It is world-famous
pilgrim spot for ‘samadhi’ temple of 20th century saint, known as Saibaba, who is revered by all
communities.
President declares urban Maharashtra open defecation free
President Ram Nath Kovind declared urban Maharashtra open defecation free (ODF) under the
Swacch Bharat Mission at the event held in Mumbai. This decision was made after all 384 urban
local bodies (ULB) comprising 27 municipal corporations , 256 municipal councils and 101 nagar
panchayats in Maharashtra were declared ODF. Maharashtra is third big state after Gujarat,
Andhra Pradesh to become Open Defecation Free in urban areas.
3rd Edition of Women of India Organic Festival held at Dilli Haat

The third edition of Women of India Organic Festival was held at Dilli Haat in New Delhi. The 15-
day festival aimed at promoting women entrepreneurs and farmers in the organic sector. The
theme of the festival this year was Good for Women, Good for India, Good for You. It was
inaugurated by Women and Child Development Minister Maneka Gandhi.
Government opens two border crossing points with Myanmar, Bangladesh
The Union Home Ministry has opened two Zorinpui and Kawrpuichhuah immigration check
posts along borders with Myanmar and Bangladesh. The Zorinpui land check post is located in
Lawngtlai district of Mizoram. It was designated as authorised immigration check post for entry
into or exit from India with valid travel documents for all classes of passengers to or from
Myanmar. It was selected as new land custom station along Indo-Myanmar border in Mizoram for
Kaladan multi-modal project. Kawrpuichhuah land check post in Lunglei district of Mizoram
along a riverine border with Bangladesh. It is authorised immigration check post for entry into or
exit from India with valid travel documents for all classes of passengers to or from Bangladesh.
Indian entrepreneur Birendra Sasmal wins UK business award for innovative IT solutions
Ghana-based Indian entrepreneur Birendra Sasmal won International Business Person of Year at
Asian Achievers Awards in London. Sasmal CEO of Subah, bagged this award for turning his
company into a thriving IT, telecoms and manufacturing success story with operations across
West Africa. The Subah Group headquartered in Accra, Ghana employs around 350 people with
offices in Guinea, Sierra Leone, New York City and Dubai. Under Sasmal’s leadership, Subah
Group’s revenues had increased by over 3,000% and it has been named among one of Africa’s
fastest growing tech companies.
The Current Affairs Daily Digest for October 2-3, 2017 with important tid-bits on current affairs.
PM lays foundation stone of AIIMS, IIIT in Himachal Pradesh
Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid foundation stone of AIIMS Bilaspur and Indian Institute of

Information Technology (IIIT) Una from Luhnu Indoor stadium in Bilaspur town of Himachal
Pradesh. The AIIMS will be constructed in about 205 acre land in four years in Kothipura near
Bilaspur city. Similarly, the IIIT will be constructed at Saloh in Una district. Besides, he also
dedicated Steel Processing Unit Kandrori town in Kangra district. It will produce one lakh tones
TMT bars of 8 to 25 millimeter annually.
India, Nepal to conduct first joint tiger count
Nepal and India have agreed for first time to conduct joint tiger census using a globally-
recognised method in their forests, national parks and protected areas neighbouring the two
countries. Both countries have decided to use camera tapping procedure for joint. Through this
technology, chances of repeated counting will be avoided.
Vice-President lays foundation stone for national waterway on Krishna River
Vice President M Venkaiah Naidu laid foundation stone to develop stretch on River Krishna from
Muktyal to Vijayawada as part of 4th National Waterway at Amaravati in Andhra Pradesh. The 82-
km inland waterway is the Phase-1 of the National Waterway-4 under Sagar Mala project. It will
be used mainly for transportation of cement and construction material for new capital city
Amaravati. The project will have four floating terminals and three fixed terminals to handle cargo
operations.
Diploma in Elementary Education programme launched for untrained teachers
Government launched Diploma in Elementary Education programme for in-service untrained
elementary teachers. It aims to empower teachers to improve quality of classroom processes and
to make teaching and learning more effective. The programme has been developed by National
Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) and specifically designed for untrained teachers working in
primary and upper primary schools of different states of the country. It will serve as last
opportunity for such teachers who have not done teacher training courses. Parliament has earlier
passed the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (Amendment) Bill to extend the
deadline to December 2019 for untrained teachers to get qualified.
President Kovind declares Rural Gujarat as Open Defecation Free
President Ram Nath Kovind has also declared Rural Gujarat as Open Defecation Free (ODF) at
function held at Kirti Mandir in Porbandar. He has felicitated rural women for achieving ODF
status for rural Gujarat. Urban Gujarat already has been declared ODF. President also
inaugurated new Jetty and other facilities at Jafarabad Fishing Harbour and upgradation of
Veraval and Porbandar fishing Harbour.
Bihar Government launches drive against child marriage & dowry
Bihar government launched drive against child marriage and dowry on occasion of Mahatma
Gandhi’s birth anniversary. On this occasion, Chief Minister Nitish Kumar led pledge at Patna and
all the government school’s, health centres, panchayats, mahadalit tola, local police stations and
government and non government offices followed it. People pledged not to get married girl below
18 years or boy below 21 or participate in child marriage or a wedding with dowry. They will also
took pledge to stop such marriage if they come across any as part of their social responsibility and
make their state free of these two social evils.
Jagmeet Singh elected as leader of Canada’s New Democratic Party
Jagmeet Singh, a 38-year-old Sikh criminal lawyer was elected leader of Canada’s New Democratic
Party. With this, he becomes first non-white politician to head a major party in Canada. He is also

the first member of minority community to lead a major federal party in Canada. He will lead the
party into 2019 election against Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s Liberals
Writer & journalist H. M. Marathe passes away
Writer and journalist H. M. Marathe passed away in Pune at age of 77. He was well-known
journalist and worked with various regional periodicals like Lokprabha, Marmik, and Pudhari.
China to build World’s highest power pylon
China’s Zhejiang Electric Power Company has started construction of giant power supply pylon,
claimed to be world’s tallest, in country’s east Zhejiang Province. The 380-metre tall pylon will be
four times height of London’s iconic Big Ben. The pylon will carry power cables between
Zhoushan’s Jintang and Cezi islands, a distance of 2.6km. After completion it will break previous
world record for the tallest power pylon currently held by China’s Damaoshan pylon, which stands
at 370 m.
Ministry of Health ranks first in Swachh Bharat initiative
The Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare was adjudged as best department for its
contribution during ‘Swachhta Pakhwada’, an inter-ministry initiative of Swachh Bharat Mission.
The Ministry had observed Swachhta Pakhwada from February 1-15, 2017. The award was
presented on third anniversary of the Mission on October 2, 2017 and was received by Health
Secretary C. K. Mishra on behalf of the Ministry.
Cabinet approves Extradition Treaty between India and Lithuania
The Union Cabinet has approved signing and ratification of Extradition Treaty between India and
Lithuania. The Treaty will provide legal framework for seeking extradition of economic offenders,
terrorists and other criminals from and to Lithuania. It will also help in extradition of fugitive
criminals including terrorists for criminal prosecutions from Lithuania who have committed
crimes against India. It will bring criminals to justice, with a view to ensure peace and tranquility
to public at large.
Cabinet approves MoU between India and Myanmar on Upgradation of Women’s Police Training Centre
The Union Cabinet has approved Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between India
and Myanmar on upgradation of the Women’s Police Training Centre at Yamethin, Myanmar. It
was signed in September, 2017. The MoU covers upgradation of Yamethin Women’s Police
Training Centre to further augment capabilities of Myanmar Government to build capacities of its
police force with technical and financial assistance from India.
India’s first ITI for Divyangans (Disabled) will come up in Assam
India’s first-ever Industrial Training Institute (ITI) for the Divyangans (Disabled) will come up in
Assam. Its foundation stone was recently laid at Dibrugarh ITI Complex at Borboruah in Assam.
The ITI will have sixty seats for three different trades with 20 seats per trade, as per guidelines of
National Council for Vocational Training (NCVT). The three different trades included in
curriculum of ITI are Computer Operator and Programming Assistant, Cutting and Sewing
Technology and Hair & Skin Care.
HDFC Life launches service bot Neo
The HDFC Life Insurance Company has launched service bot ‘Neo’ that uses artificial intelligence
for customer service. It is second bot put in operation by HDFC Life after the launch of SPOK,
which was an email answering bot for customer queries. The Neo bot will be available 24/7 and

hasi capability to authenticate customers and give frequently sought details, like fund value, sum
assured and premium amount. Other life insurers like PNB Metlife have launched VR humanoids
like Kushi leveraging power of AI, chat bots, natural language processing.
Ukhnaa Khurelsukh appointed as Prime Minister of Mongolia
Ukhnaa Khurelsukh was appointed as new Prime Minister of Mongolia. He was selected by ruling
Mongolian People’s Party and nomination was approved by Mongolia’s parliament. He replaces
PM Jargaltulga Erdenebat who lost his job in September 2017 over allegations of graft. The Prime
Minister of Mongolia is head of government and heads Mongolian cabinet. He is appointed by
President of Mongolia and can be removed by State Great Hural (lower house of parliament) with
a vote of no confidence.
October 4-10: World Space Week
The World Space Week (WSW) is observed every year from October 4-10. It is an international
celebration of science and technology, and their contribution to betterment of human condition.
The 2017 theme for the week is “Exploring New Worlds In Space”. It is an outward facing theme
that serves to inspire the world.
October 4: World Animal Day
The World Animal Day (WAD) is observed every year on October 4 to improve welfare standards
and status of animals around the globe. The day is observed by encouraging individuals, animal
welfare organisations, community groups, youth and children’s clubs and businesses to organise
events in celebration of this day.
Andhra Pradesh signs MoU with Mastercard
Andhra Pradesh government has entered into memorandum of understanding (MoU) with
Mastercard to pave way for digital financial transactions in a secure environment. The MoU will
help Andhra Pradesh government in adopting and hastening innovations such as digital
payments and launch financial inclusion programmes.
Pooja Kadian wins gold medal at Wushu World Championships
India’s Pooja Kadian created history by winning India’s first ever gold medal at Wushu World
Championships in Kazan, Russia. In the final Pooja defeated Evgeniya Stepanova. Among other
Indian winners, Rameshchandra Singh Moirangthem won bronze medal in men’s Sanda 48 kg
category. Bhanu Pratap Singh won another Bronze medal in men’s Sanda 60 kg category. Rajinder
Singh also won a bronze medal in the men’s 90 kg category.
Wushu is an exhibition and a full-contact sport derived from traditional Chinese martial arts. It is
international sport governed through the International Wushu Federation (IWUF).
First ASEAN India Music Festival held at Purana Qila in New Delhi
The first ever ASEAN-India Music Festival was held at Purana Quila in New Delhi. The 3 day
festival was organised by External Affairs Ministry in collaboration with Culture Ministry to
celebrate the 25th year anniversary of ASEAN-India Dialogue Relations. The Festival aimed to
boost cultural influences among peoples of ASEAN member states and India. It will witness
eclectic performances by musicians from ASEAN countries’ bands such as Cherpen, The Ugly
Band, Tim De Cotta, Red Bamboo among others.
RBI to allow inter-operability in prepaid payment instruments
Reserve Bank of India is going to allow inter-operability among prepaid payment instruments

(PPI) soon. It will enable users to transfer funds from one mobile wallet to another as per the
vision for Payment and Settlement Systems in the country. PPIs which include the likes of e-
wallets, gift cards and meal coupons are used as substitutes for cash.
Aadhaar mandatory for PPF, KVP schemes
The Union Government has made linking Aadhaar mandatory for Public Provident Fund, National
Savings Certificate and Kisan Vikas Patra schemes. In this regard, subscribers till December 31,
2017 have to link their Aadhaar to schemes. The government has already made mandatory to link
Aadhaar to PAN by December 31, 2017 and to SIM connections by February 2018. Some 135
schemes, including free cooking gas, targeted public distribution system, kerosene and fertilizer
subsidy and MGNREGA, are reportedly to linked to Aadhaar.
Chhattisgarh bans use of chlorinated plastic and Polyvinyl Chloride
Chhattisgarh Government has banned use of chlorinated plastic and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
with immediate effect. This decision is with an objective to conserve and improve the
environment. The state government also has banned manufacture, storage, import, sale, transport
and use of such plastic-borne goods. It also has banned advertising and promotion materials like
PVC banners, flex, and hoardings.
World Dental Show 2017 opens in Mumbai
The ‘World Dental Show 2017’, 3-day international exhibition was opened in Mumbai,
Maharashtra to showcase evolving global technologies and techniques in dentistry. It was hosted
by Indian Dental Association (IDA) and witnessed participation from international exhibitors
from China, Germany, Israel, Malaysia, Russian, South Korea, Taiwan, Turkey, UK and US.
Amrender Sharan appointed as amicus curiae on plea to reopen Mahatma Gandhi assassination
The Supreme Court of India has appointed senior advocate and former additional solicitor general
Amrender Sharan as amicus curiae on petition seeking reprobe into assassination of Mahatma
Gandhi. The petition was filed by Mumbai-based Dr. Pankaj Phadnis, a researcher and trustee of
Abhinav Bharat. In the petition he has sought to reopen probe on several grounds, claiming it was
one of biggest cover-ups in history. According to petition, there is possibility of involvement of
more people in murder. Mahatma Gandhi was shot dead at point blank range in New Delhi on
January 30, 1948 by Nathuram Vinayak Godse, a right-wing advocate of Hindu nationalism.
Renowned filmmaker Kundan Shah passes away
Renowned filmmaker Filmmaker Kundan Shah passed away in Mumbai, Maharashtra. He was 69.
He was director of romantic drama ‘Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa’. He is known for his comedy classic
‘Jaane Bhi Do Yaaro’ and his 1985–1986 TV series Nukkad with Saeed Akhtar Mirza. He was best
known for his wonderful usage of humour and satire to showcase the life & struggles of common
citizens.
Uttar Pradesh Government launches Mukhyamantri Samoohik Vivaah Yojana
Uttar Pradesh government has launched ‘Mukhyamantri Samoohik Vivaah Yojana’, a mass
marriage scheme. Under it, state social welfare department will conduct the mass marriages and
state government will spend Rs 35,000 on each couple, besides gifting them mobile phones and
household items. The parents of beneficiary brides under the scheme must be residents of Uttar
Pradesh and must belong to Below Poverty Line (BPL). There must be minimum 10 couples in the
mass marriage ceremony.

RBI to soon launch financial literacy drive in 9 states
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is going to launch financial literacy drive in 80 blocks in 9 states
on pilot basis to educate people on e-transactions, formal sector borrowings and insurance
purchases. It will be commissioned in Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, Odisha, Karnataka,
Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh by 6 NGOs in collaboration with sponsor
banks. The aim of initiative is to inculcate habit of making household budget and recording
financial transactions, encourage transactions in savings accounts, and active saving by
depositing in banks through recurring deposits and fixed deposits.
Scientists develop Algae-based footwear
Scientists have developed algae-based flip-flops that could be environment friendly alternative to
petroleum-based slippers in countries like India and China. Every year, three billion petroleum-
based footwears are produced worldwide, eventually ending up as non-biodegradable trash in
landfills, rivers and oceans. These flip-flops and other polyurethane products are made from living
algae oil which makes them biodegradable as it allows carbon bonds to be degraded by
microorganisms.
Gurusaidutt wins Bulgarian International
Commonwealth Games bronze medallist RMV Gurusaidutt won men’s singles title at Bulgarian
International Future Series tournament. In final match, he defeated Muhammed Ali Kurt 21- 17,
21-16.
Anupama Ramachandran wins World Open U-16 Snooker Championship
India’s Anupama Ramachandran won World Open Under-16 Snooker Championship title in girls
category held at St. Petersburg in Russia. In final match, she defeated her compatriot and top seed
Keerthana Pandian 3-1 scoreline. Earlier in semifinals, she defeated Albina Leschuk of Belarus 3-0
and Alexsandra Riabinina of Russia in quarterfinals by 3-0 scoreline. Dylan Emery of Wales
(England) won title in boys category. Federation of Billiards Sports of Russia had hosted this first
ever World Open championships for Under-16 boys and girls.
Samiya Imad Farooqui wins gold at U-15 Asian Junior Championship
Indian shuttler Samiya Imad Farooqui won gold medal at Under-15 women’s singles competition
at Asian Junior Championship in Yangon, Myanmar. In the finals, she defeated Indonesia’s Widjaja
Stephani by 15-21, 21-17, 21-19 score. She is second Indian to win this championship after P V
Sindhu who had won gold medal in U-19 Asia Junior championship in 2012 at Gimcheon, South
Korea.
American Morgan Hurd wins all-around title at gymnastics world championships
American Morgan Hurd (16) won all-around title at gymnastics world championships in Montreal,
Canada. She won by edging out Canada’s Elsabeth Black 55.232 to 55.132. With this Hurd became
youngest Olympic or world all-around champion since Aliya Mustafina in 2010. It was US’ seventh
straight Olympic or world all-around title. Russia’s Elena Eremina took third spoty with total of
54.799. Japan’s Mai Murakami was fourth, followed by Melanie de Jesus dos Santos of France.
Cabinet approves MoU between SEBI and FSC
The Union Cabinet approved signing of Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between
Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and Financial Services Commission (FSC), Gibraltar

for mutual co-operation and technical assistance. It aims at creating conditions for an effective
development of securities markets in the two countries and promote development of economic
links and cooperation between two regulators. It will also help to contribute towards
strengthening information sharing framework between two signatories. It is expected to add
value to overseas mutual cooperation and regulation activities of SEBI and FSC, Gibraltar.
Cabinet approves MoU between SEBI and CMA, Kuwait
The Union Cabinet approved signing of MoU by Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
with Capital Markets Authority (CMA), Kuwait for mutual co-operation and technical assistance.
The MoU will promote further development of economic links and cooperation between the two
regulators. It also aims at creating conditions for an effective development of securities markets
in the two countries. It will also contribute towards strengthening information sharing
framework between SEBI and CMA. It is expected to add value to overseas mutual cooperation
and regulation activities of SEBI and CMA, Kuwait.
IIT-Kharagpur inks MoU with Samsung India
IIT-Kharagpur has signed MoU with Samsung India for setting up of a digital academy on the
institute’s campus. The Department of Computer Science and Engineering in the institute will
host the Samsung Innovation Lab and train students on the Internet of Things (IoT) through
Tizen-based operating systems, commonly used by the company for its mobile phones and home
appliances. The academy is part of Samsung’s corporate social initiative that aims at bridging
digital divide by imparting skills to students on cutting-edge technology, Through this
partnership with IIT-KGP, the academy planned to train over 100 students in the next three years.
The course will be taught over 14 weeks through classroom lectures, assignments, lab room
sessions, self-study and mini projects.
3rd International Conference on Yoga held in New Delhi
The 3rd International Conference on Yoga was held in New Delhi with theme “Yoga for Wellness”.
The 2-day conference was organized by Ministry of AYUSH as part of yearlong events organized
to celebrate 21st June as International Day of Yoga. The conference held seven technical sessions
and panel discussion on different aspects of Yoga and Wellness including recent research trends,
Integrated medicine, non-communicable diseases, mental health, women health, cancer, pain
management and policy making. Around 500 delegates, including those from 44 countries
attended the conference. It provided common platform for AYUSH and allopathy practitioners,
researchers, academicians, and policy makers and students.
10 October: World Mental Health Day
The World Mental Health Day (WMHD) is observed every year on 10 Octoberto raise awareness of
mental health issues around the world and to mobilize efforts in support of mental health. The
theme for year 2017 was “Mental health in the workplace’. It aims to provides opportunity for all
stakeholders working on mental health issues to talk about their work, and what needs to be done
to make mental health care a reality for people worldwide.
Amul named India’s best FMCG Company in food sector
The Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd (GCMMF), which markets Amul brand of
milk and milk products was recognised as India’s best Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)
Company in food sector by International Advertising Association (IAA). For this recognition, Amul
was presented 5th IAA Leadership Award. The prestigious awards instituted by IAA’s India

Chapter recognise excellence towards contribution in marketing, advertising and media sectors
as well as celebrate outstanding achievements of individuals and teams.
Mastercard launches its first Innovation Centre in India
American financial technology company Mastercard launched its first innovation lab in India in
Pune, Maharashtra. It is Mastercard’s ninth lab in the world and the second in Asia Pacific besides
Singapore. The centre in Pune will focus on new payment technology ideas for the rapidly
growing digital economy in India. It will identify and experiment with future technologies in few
key areas including digital payments, data solutions, financial inclusion, alternative payments and
safety and security.
RBI allows interoperability of wallets in six months
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has directed banks and non-bank entities to make their digital
wallets/prepaid payment instruments (PPIs), interoperable through the Unified Payments
Interface (UPI) within six months. In the first phase, all Know Your Customer (KYC)-compliant
PPIs should be made interoperable amongst themselves through UPI. In next phase,
interoperability shall be enabled between wallets and bank accounts through UPI.
Tata Teleservices to merge with Bharti Airtel
Bharti Airtel announced the acquisition of Consumer Mobile Businesses (CMB) of Tata
Teleservices Ltd (TTSL) and Tata Teleservices Maharastra Ltd (TTML). After this merger, over 40
Million TTSL customers will join Bharti Airtel. The merger will be on a debt-free, cash-free basis
and all past liabilities and dues will be settled by TTSL. Bharti Airtel will absorb TTSL’s CMB
operations across country in nineteen circles (17 under TTSL and 2 under TTML). The merger also
includes transfer of all customers and assets of Tata CMB to Bharti Airtel.
SpaceX completes successful launch of recycled rocket Falcon 9
SpaceX successfully launched its recycled rocket Falcon 9 and landed it on a drone ship in the
Atlantic Ocean. The recycled Falcon 9 rocket was carrying the Echostar 105/SES-11 satellite. It
was 18th successful landing of Falcon 9 rocket first stage which was previously use in
transporting cargo to International Space Station in February 2017. Echostar 105/SES-11 satellite
aims to provide television coverage and communications capabilities to North America, Mexico,
Hawaii and the Caribbean. It is dual-mission satellite for US-based operator EchoStar and
Luxembourg-based operator SES.
Ashish Nehra announces retirement from all forms of cricket
Ashish Nehra (38) announced his retirement from all forms of cricket after the first Twenty20
international between India and New Zealand to be played at Delhi’s Feroz Shah Kotla on 1st
November 2017. In his 18-year international career, Nehra had played 44 Test, 157 one-day
international (ODIs) and 34 Twenty20 wickets. He also had played for four teams in Indian
Premier League from 2012-16. His international debut for India was during the Test series against
Sri Lanka in 1999.
FIFA suspends the Pakistan Football Federation
The Pakistan football federation (PFF) was suspended from FIFA (Fédération Internationale de
Football Association) by Bureau of FIFA council. PFF was suspended because of interference of
third party in its accounts and their offices which were under control of administrator appointed
by court. This interference violated rules of FIFA which makes mandatory for PPF to manage its

affairs independently and without party interference. The suspension will be removed only when
PFF offices and accounts are returned to PFF from the third party administrators.
Bihar Cabinet approves reservation for ‘Divyangs’ in Government Jobs
Bihar State Cabinet approved reservations for persons with disabilities (divyangs) in government
jobs and educational institutions. This provision was made in accordance with Persons with
Disabilities Act, 2016. The state cabinet also approved establishment of state advisory board for
empowerment of ‘Divyangjan’ as envisaged in the Act.
Kolkata to host international puppet festival
Kolkata, capital city of West Bengal for first time will host an international Puppet festival named
‘PUN (Puppets Unite Neighbours) International Puppet Festival’ at Mohorkunj from 26th to 31st
October 2017. The puppet festival is aimed at regenerating the emotions attached to puppetry.
Puppet artists from UK, Germany, Peru, Portugal, Italy, Lithuania, Brazil, Singapore and India will
participate in the festival.
Hamas, Fatah ink deal on Palestinian reconciliation
Palestinian political parties Hamas and Fatah have signed reconciliation deal in an effort to end a
decade-long rift. It was brokered by Egypt. The reconciliation deal was signed to implement a
unity agreement that was signed in 2011, but not put into action. The agreement states that
legislative, presidential and national council elections should be conducted within one year of its
signing. However, details of reconciliation deal were not yet been made public.
HPCL becomes first Indian oil company to trade lubricants in Myanmar
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL), a public sector oil company became first Indian oil
company to trade lubricants in Myanmar. HPCL started operations in Myanmar’s commercial
hubs of Yangon and Mandalay. . Other public sector oil companies of India such as Bharat
Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (BPCL) and Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) are also evaluating
opportunities of fuel retailing in Myanmar.
M K Sanu awarded Mathrubhumi Literary Award
Renowned writer M K Sanu (89) was chosen for Mathrubhumi Literary Award for 2016 to honour
his contribution to the Malayalam literature. He was selected by jury headed by eminent poet
Vishnu Narayanan Namboothiri. M K Sanu’s important literary works are “Nakshtrangalude
Snehabhajanam”, “Changampuzha Krishnapilla”, “Mruthyunjayam”, “Narayanaguru Swami”,
“Kavyajeevitham”, “Viswasathilek Veendum American Sahityam” and “Prabhatha Darshanam”
Mathrubhumi Literary Award is instituted by leading Malayalam daily ‘Mathrubhumi’. It honours
– writer’s overall contribution to the Malayalam literature. The award consists of a cash prize of
Rs.2 lakh, a citation and a statuette.
Gautam Bambawale appointed as India’s ambassador to China
India’s High Commissioner to Pakistan, Gautam H. Bambawale was appointed as next ambassador
to China. He will replace Vijay Gokhale in China as ambassador. Bambawale is Indian Foreign
Service Officer (IFS) of batch 1984. He is presently the High Commissioner of India to Pakistan. He
is believed to be an expert on China. Previously he had held Deputy Chief of Mission of the Indian
embassy China, Ambassador to Bhutan.
Indian Air Force launches ‘MedWatch’ mobile health App
The Indian Air Force (IAF) launched an innovative mobile health App named ‘MedWatch’ on the

occasion of its 85th anniversary. It consists of features that will provide authentic health
information to all IAF personnel. It consists of features that will provide authentic health
information to all IAF personnel. It is available on the IAF’s AFCEL (Air Force Cellular) network.
The concept and content of the app was developed by Directorate General of Medical Services
(Air) and was developed in-house Directorate of Information Technology (DIT) without any
financial support. It also has reminder tool to enable timely immunization of children of all Air
Warriors.
India’s new chancery complex opened in Dhaka
India’s new chancery complex opened at Baridhara diplomatic enclave in Dhaka, capital city of
Bangladesh. It was inaugurated by External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj on the last day of her
Bangladesh visit. She also inaugurated 15 development projects of Bangladesh being funded by
India. These projects cover priority infrastructure in health, education, water and social welfare
with an outlay of 71.64 crore takas and will be completed within a period of one month.
ONGC plans to raise oil output by 4 MT by 2020
State-run Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) has drawn a blueprint to raise crude oil
production by 4 metric tonne (MT) and almost double natural gas output by 2020. It is in line with
Government’s call to cut country’s oil imports by 10% from 77% in 2013-14. by 2022. Under this
roadmap, ONGC, nation’s biggest oil and gas producer will raise its crude oil production from 22.6
MT in 2017-18 to 26.42 MT in 2021-22. India has spent almost $1 trillion on crude imports from
financial year 2005-06 to 2015-16.
Government de-affiliates 400 ITIs for failing quality norms
The Union Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship has de-affiliated close to 400
Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) after inspections found that the institutes lacked requisite
infrastructure and trainers for imparting vocational training to students. The de-affiliation comes
amid of skill development ministry’s strict vigil on ITIs with view to maintain their quality
standards and also introduced voluntary self-grading by the institutes.
Maruti becomes top exporter of passenger cars from India
According to latest data by Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM), Maruti Suzuki
India (MSI) has become largest passenger cars exporter from India in first half (April-September)
of ongoing fiscal. It exported 57,300 units of passenger cars and dethroned Hyundai Motor India
Ltd (exported 44,585 units) which has now been pushed to fourth spot behind Volkswagen (50,410
units) and General Motors (45,222 units).
CISF to analyse social media trends & data in monitoring security
Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) will analyse Social media trends and data for first time in
monitoring security. This project is being done on experimental basis and based on the
experiences this smart centre will be further strengthened. The data will be used to monitor the
country’s most vital assets such as airports, aerospace and nuclear installations. Special team of
CISF men and women has been trained to track social media trends, news, reports and indicators
across various platforms, collate them and dish them out as vital pieces of actionable intelligence
to its various airports and other vital units.
Government appoints ex-IB Chief as its representative on Kashmir dialogue
The Union Home Ministry has appointed former director of Intelligence Bureau (IB) Dineshwar

Sharma as central government’s representative to initiate dialogue with all stakeholders in

insurgency-hit Jammu and Kashmir. The initiative has been taken as per Prime Minister
Narendra Modi’s Independence Day address Dineshwar Sharma is 1979-batch (retired) officer of
the Indian Police Service (IPS). He had served as the IB director between December, 2014 and 2016.
Japan’s ruling coalition wins overwhelming victory in general election
Japan’s ruling coalition of Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Komeito party led by Prime
Minister Shinzo Abe won an overwhelming victory in general election. They won more than two-
thirds of total 465 seats in the Lower House seats. LDP won 283 seats and Komeito won 29 seats.
With this victory, Abe is now on course to become Japan’s longest-serving PM. It will allow him to
pursue his cherished goal of proposing changes to country’s pacifist Constitution to beef up the
status of the military, which is effectively restricted to self-defence.
Rakesh Asthana appointed as special director of CBI
Senior IPS officer Rakesh Asthana was appointed as special director of Central Bureau of
Investigation. (CBI). He is a 1984-batch IPS officer of Gujarat-cadre. Currently, he is posted as
additional director in CBI. Apart from him, Gurbachan Singh was appointed as special director in
Intelligence Bureau (IB) and Sudeep Lakhtakia as Special DG in CRPF. Rajesh Ranjan and AP
Maheshwari were promoted as Special DG in Border Security Force (BSF).
China to host 2nd edition of World Congress on Marxism
China is going to host 2nd edition of World Congress on Marxism. It will be held at Peking
University in Beijing, from May 5-6, 2018 with theme “Marxism and the current world and China”.
The congress will discuss Marxism in the 21st century and its development in China. It coincides
with 200th birth anniversary of Karl Marx and 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-
up. Approximately 300 Marxism researchers from all over world will attend the conference.
Cristiano Ronaldo named as 2017 Best FIFA Men’s Player award
Real Madrid’s Portugal striker Cristiano Ronaldo was named as the 2017 Best FIFA Men’s Player
for a second straight year at the 2017 award ceremony held in London, England. He is four-time
Ballon d’Or winner, who helped Real Madrid to wins Champions League-La Liga double in 2016-17.
Other category winners
FIFA Women’s Player award: Barcelona FC’s and Netherlands national team’s Lieke Martens.
Best men’s coach: Real Madrid’s Zinedine Zidane
Best female coach: Netherlands’ Sarina Wiegman.
Puskas award for the best goal of 2017: Arsenal forward Olivier Giroud won it for his ‘scorpion kick’
against Crystal Palace in January 2017.
Fan award: Celtic for honouring club’s 1967 ‘Lisbon Lions’ with a stunning 360-degree card display on the
50th anniversary of their historic European Cup win.
Suresh Sethi appointed as MD and CEO of India Post Payments Bank
Suresh Sethi was appointed as new Managing Director & Chief Executive Officer (MD & CEO) of
India Post Payments Bank (IPPB). He succeeded A.P. Singh, who had been the interim MD & CEO

of IPPB since January 2017. He is the former MD of Vodafone M-Pesa Ltd. Sethi has broad
international experience of over 27 years in banking and financial services industry with
Citigroup and YES Bank, across India, Kenya, UK, Argentina and US.
SBI inks agreement with Escorts Ltd to finance tractors purchase
The State Bank of India (SBI) signed agreement with Escorts Ltd to finance farmers for purchase
of Escorts tractors. The aim of the tie-up with Escorts is to promote, market and make accessible,
organised finance facility, with superior features at competitive interest rates to farmers across
country, who wish to purchase Powertrac and Farmtrac tractors manufactured by Escorts.
Escorts is a leading tractor and construction equipment manufacturer at Faridabad, Haryana.
Filmmaker Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran passes away
Legendary filmmaker Irruppam Veedu Sasidaran (also known as I V Sasi) passed away at
Saligramam, Chennai. He was 69. He was best known for his films “Avalude Ravukal” and
“Devasuram”. In his more than three-decade career, he had directed over 150 films in Malayalam,
Telugu, Tamil and Hindi and worked with stars such as Kamal Haasan, Rajinikanth, Mohanlal and
Mammootty,
EPPC inks MoU with PNB to provide export finance for SMEs
The Engineering Export Promotion Council (EEPC) of India inked Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) with Punjab National Bank (PNB) to provide easy access to export finance for SMEs and
merchant exporters of council. As per the agreement, PNB will provide finance with assurance
that loans up to Rs 10 crore would be provided within six to seven weeks at competitive rates, PNB
will also extend foreign currency loan facilities and provide advisory support to EEPC India
members to finance projects through its more than 200 authorised foreign exchange branches.
Vikram Singh appointed as Private Secretary to President
The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has appointed Vikram Singh as Private
Secretary to President Ram Nath Kovind for a period of two years. He is 1997 batch officer of the
Indian Railway Traffic Service (IRTS). Currently, he is posted as a senior director in the Traffic
Commercial directorate in the Railway Board. In Railways, he was working in the vertical
responsible for increasing revenues from passenger segment and create policies for commercial
earnings within passenger-amenities ecosystem.
B C Khanduri to head parliamentary standing committee on defence
BJP MP B C Khanduri will head the recently constituted parliamentary standing committee on
defence. The committee will examine operational preparedness of armed forces and review
accidents involving strategic defence assets. It will also assess the procurement policy relating to
defence equipment. It will also critically review accidents involving strategic defence assets and
look into quality of ration provided to forces especially in border areas.
Microsoft Partners Karnataka Government to bring AI to agriculture
Karnataka government has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with tech giant
Microsoft for empowering farmers with technology-oriented solutions like Cloud, Artificial
Intelligence (AI) and advanced analytics. The move is also aimed at using digital tools that have
the potential to deliver cutting edge innovations and AI to help farmers get higher crop yields in
state. The MoU will experiment with Karnataka Agricultural Price Commission (KAPC) and
Department of Agriculture to help improve price forecasting practices to benefit farmers. It will

help enable the use of intelligent technologies to deliver solutions in the agriculture sector.
Sharmila Tagore honoured with 2017 Lifetime Achievement Award by PHDCCI
Veteran actor Sharmila Tagore was honoured with 2017 Lifetime Achievement Award by PHD
Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PHDCCI) for her contribution in the field of cinema. She was
presented with the award by Minister of State for Prime Minister’s Office Jitendra Singh and
Delhi BJP chief Manoj Tiwari. Sharmila Tagore is celebrated actor who had debuted in movies
with legendary director Satyajit Ray’s Bengali film Apur Sansar (1959). Apart from her,
Filmmaker-poet Muzaffar Ali was conferred with Special Award for his outstanding contribution
to promote and arts, fine arts and literature. Music legend Usha Mangeshkar and singers Prem
Bhatia, Ankit Tiwari, Kavita Seth, Akriti Kakar, Rahul Vaidya, Manmeet of Meet Brothers and actor
Sukhmani Lamba were also felicitated at the event.
England wins FIFA U-17 World Cup 2017
England won 17th edition of FIFA U-17 World Cup by defeating Spain by 5-2 goals in the final
match held at Vivekananda Yuba Bharati Krirangan/Salt Lake Stadium in Kolkata, West Bengal.
England’s Phil Foden was adjudged tournament’s best player and was awarded ‘Golden Ball’.
Besides, Rhian Brewster of England who scored most goals in tournament (8 goals) was awarded
‘Golden Shoe’. Brazil’s goalkeeper Gabriel Brazao was awarded ‘Golden Glove’. 17th edition of FIFA
U-17 World Cup was held in India from 6th – 28th October 2017. The official Mascot for FIFA U-17
World Cup 2017 was clouded leopard named ‘Kheleo’. FIFA U-17 WC is biennial international
football tournament of men’s under-17 national teams organised by FIFA.
Pakistan to 2018 Asian Cricket Council Emerging Nations Cup
Pakistan will host the 2018 Asian Cricket Council (ACC) Emerging Nations Cup in April 2018. The
decision was taken during the meeting of the ACC held in Lahore on October 2017. In it, six ACC
teams including five full members will play in the tournament.
October 31: World Cities Day
The United Nations’s World Cities Day (WCD) is observed every year on October 31 to promote
international community’s interest in global urbanization, push forward cooperation among
countries in meeting opportunities and addressing challenges of urbanization, and contributing
to sustainable urban development around the world. The theme selected for this year is
“Innovative Governance, Open Cities”. It highlights important role of urbanization as a source of
global development and social inclusion. The general theme of day is ‘Better City, Better Life’.
Y.C. Modi is new NIA Director-General
Senior IPS officer Yogesh Chander Modi took over as new Director-General of National
Investigation Agency (NIA), country’s premier anti-terror organisation. He succeeds Sharad
Kumar. Mr Modi is a 1984-batch IPS officer of Assam-Meghalaya cadre. Earlier he had worked
with Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) for 10 years in two stints (2002-2010 and 2015-2017)
where he handled special crime and economic offences besides anti-corruption cases. He has also
worked with Cabinet Secretariat between 1991 and 2002 which included a foreign posting.
Neelamani N. Raju becomes Karnataka’s first woman police chief
Neelmani N. Raju was appointed as Karnataka’s first woman Director General and Inspector
General of Police (DG and IGP). She will take over from Rupak Kumar Dutta, who is retiring from
service. She is a 1983-batch IPS officer. She is second woman IPS officer to join the Karnataka

cadre. She is native of Uttar Pradesh. She had served in Karnataka for 10 years before going on
deputation to the Intelligence Bureau in 1993. She had served in IB for 23 years and in 2016, after
reachingpost of joint director in IB, she returned to her home cadre as a DGP rank officer.
Heena Sidhu wins 10m air pistol gold medal at the Commonwealth Shooting Championships
Heena Sidhu won 10-metre air pistol gold medal at Commonwealth Shooting Championships in
Brisbane, Australia. Sidhu shot combined score of 626.2 to claim the top honours. This was Sidhu’s
second successive international gold after she along with Jitu Rai, had won 10-metre air pistol
mixed team event in ISSF World Cup Finals in Delhi held in October 2017. Among other Indians,
Deepak Kumar won a bronze medal in the 10-metre air rifle event. London Olympic bronze-
medallist Gagan Narang finished fourth, while Ravikumar ended fifth.
Date Wise: Current Affairs Updates
October 1, 2, 2017
1 October: International Day of Older Persons
October 2, 2017
The International Day of Older Persons (IDOP) is observed every year on October 1 to raise
awareness about issues affecting elderly and to appreciate contributions that older people make
to society. It also seeks to raise awareness about issues affecting elderly, such as senescence and
elder abuse.
The theme for this year is “Stepping into the Future: Tapping the Talents, Contributions and
Participation of Older Persons in Society”. It aims to explore effective means of promoting and
strengthening the participation of older persons in various aspects of social, cultural, economic
and civic and political life.
Background
The International Day of Older Persons was instituted by United Nations General Assembly by
adopting resolution 45/106 in December 1990 for raising awareness about issues affecting the
elderly, such as senescence and elder abuse. It is also a day to appreciate the contributions that
older people make to society. The observance of the day is also focus of ageing organizations and
the United Nations Programme on Ageing
2 October: International Day of Non-violence
October 2, 2017
The International Day of Non-violence is celebrated every year on 2 October throughout world on
the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, leader of Indian independence movement and also
pioneer of philosophy of non-violence (ahimsa).
Observance of this day seeks to promote principles of non-violence through education and public
awareness and is observed by all countries of the UN. In India, this day is celebrated as Gandhi
Jayanti.
International day of Non-Violence
The day was instituted by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) by adopting resolution
A/RES/61/271 in June 2007 to disseminate the message of non-violence, including through
education and public awareness. The resolution reaffirmed universal relevance of principle of non-
violence and the desire to secure a culture of peace, tolerance, understanding and non-violence.
Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi (Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi) is known for playing main role in freeing India

from clutches of British. He was born on 2 October 1869 in Porbandar, in Bombay Presidency of
British India. He was assassinated on January 30, 1948, by Nathuram Godse.
Gandhiji is fondly known as ‘Bapu’ for his selfless contribution towards India’s Independence
struggle. He is unofficially called Father of the Nation. He had studied law at University College
London. He later returned to India and worked with Indian Firm in South Africa.
Gandhiji returned to India in 1915 and joined Indian National Congress. He led nationwide
campaigns for various social causes and for achieving Swaraj or self-rule. He led peaceful protests
and started creating awareness about oppress rule of British in India. His non-violent methods
including Satyagraha and Civil Disobedience is known worldwide.
Some of the famous protests led by Gandhiji against British rule include Dandi March and non-
cooperation movement that gave severe blows to the British government. Eventually, his fame
spread all over India and in year 1921 he became leader of Indian National Congress,
He lived modestly in self-sufficient residential community and wore traditional Indian dhoti and
shawl, woven with yarn hand-spun on charkha. He also undertook long fasts as a means of both
self-purification and political protest. At multiple times he was jailed however he continued his
efforts.
Odisha Government creating land bank for industrial allocation
October 2, 2017
The Odisha Government is creating 1.2 lakh acre land bank across state for allocation to industrial
sector in order to avoid repeat of Posco fiasco.
The purpose of the land bank is to cut red tape and avoid local issues in the land acquisition
process. Under it, state government is acquiring government land for industrial use.
Key Facts
The land bank is based on plug-and-play kind of model wherein facilities related to water, power,
roads and all clearances are in place. The companies need to only make payment of base premium
upfront for land and annual rent for rest of the 90 years lease period.
State government has created huge land bank and has identified areas across state to bring under
one umbrella for industrial sector. Its land bank already has reached 57,655 acres. With creation of
land bank, state industry department is looking for investment in various sectors including steel,
aluminium, agro and food processing units, apparel, IT and plastic units to further create
employment potential in the state.
India gets first-ever U.S. crude shipment
October 2, 2017
India received first ever shipment of US crude oil of 1.6 million barrels, purchased by state-run
Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) at Paradip Port in Odisha. It was imported on board of MT New
Prosperity, a very large crude carrier (VLCC) that had left US Gulf Coast on August 19, 2017 and
arrived at Paradip port.
Key Facts
IOC will process crude at its refineries located at Paradip, Haldia (in West Bengal), Barauni (in
Bihar) and Bongaigaon (in Assam). This was one of first shipments to India since United States
stopped oil exports in 1975. With this India, the world’s third-largest oil importer joins other
Asian countries like South Korea, Japan, Thailand, China and Taiwan to buy US crude oil as they
seek to diversify oil imports from other regions after the OPEC production cuts raised prices of

Middle East heavy-sour crude ( grades with a high sulphur content).

Background
The delivery of shipment follows recent commitments to US oil purchases by Indian state refiners.
State-owned Bharat Petroleum Corp Ltd (BPCL) and Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd (HPCL) also
have placed orders for about 2.95 million barrels and 1 million barrels of US crude respectively for
their Kochi and Vizag refineries.
Indian companies, both public and private, have invested about $5 billion in US shale assets. They
have also contracted 5.8 million tonnes per annum of liquefied natural gas (LNG) from US and the
first shipment is expected to be delivered to India in January 2018.
India-US Energy relations
The IOC purchase comes after Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to the US in June 2017 when
President Donald Trump had assured that US looks forward to export more energy products to
India. They had committed to expand and elevate bilateral energy cooperation through strategic
energy partnership.
Under this partnership, both countries are elevating cooperation in field of energy, including in
cleaner fossil fuels, renewables, nuclear, and cutting edge storage and energy efficiency
technologies. The first delivery of oil imports is considered as significant milestone in growing
partnership between the US and India. US crude oil shipments to India have potential to boost
bilateral trade between both countries by up to $2 billion.
NHAI launches countrywide Free Eye Check-up Campaign
October 2, 2017
The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has launched countrywide Free Eye Check-up
Campaign and distribution of spectacles for truck drivers, cleaners and helpers.
It was launched by Union Minister of Road Transport & Highways, Shipping and Water Resources,
River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation Nitin Gadkari at Panjari Toll Plaza, Nagpur Bypass,
Nagpur in Maharashtra.
Eyesight is basic requirement for safe driving. Poor vision increases risk of collisions due to the
driver’s inability to recognise and react in time to hazard or behaviour of other road users.
Key Facts
The objective of this initiative is to ensure clearer vision and safe travel for truck drivers who are
most frequent users of national highways. Under it, 50 free eye check-up camps will be set up on
identified national highways on either side. The camps will be manned by eye specialist and
support staff volunteers.
The cleaners can avail of this facility on condition of producing valid driving license. These camps
will distribute free spectacles up to certain power as prescribed by eye specialist. Moreover, other
eye defects like cataract will be also identified and medicines will be prescribed. NHAI has roped
in Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), governments, social enterprises and private
businesses for facilitating provision of these facilities.
It is one of many innovative programmes undertaken by NHAI to ensure safe travel along national
highways. This initiative is expected to reduce number of accidents involving trucks and
encourage regional staff and NGOs to set up such camps on regular basis.
Three US-born scientists win 2017 Nobel Medicine Prize
October 2, 2017
The 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Jeffrey C. Hall (72), Michael

Rosbash (73) and Michael W. Young (68). It was announced by Nobel Assembly at Sweden’s
Karolinska Institute.
They were awarded for discovering molecular mechanisms controlling circadian rhythm. Their
discoveries explain how plants, animals and humans adapt their biological rhythm so that it is
synchronized with Earth’s revolutions.
Circardian Rhythm
Circardian Rhythm is 24 hour cycle in physiological processes of living beings, including plants,
animals, fungi and cyanobacteria. It influences such biological functions as hormone levels, sleep,
body temperature and metabolism.
These three noble laureates dsing the fruit fly as a model organism, had isolated a gene that
controls daily biological rhythm. They had showed that this gene encodes a protein that
accumulates in cell during night and is then degraded during the day.
Subsequently they identified additional protein components of this machinery, exposing
mechanism governing the self-sustaining clockwork inside the cell. They also had raised
awareness of importance of proper sleep hygiene.
Nobel Medicine Prize
The Nobel award for medicine is given to persons whose discoveries have significantly enhanced
understanding of life or practice of medicine. The winners are chosen by Nobel Assembly at
Karolinska Institute. The prestigious award carries prize money of 8 million Swedish kroner or 1.1
million dollars. Medicine is first of the Nobel Prizes awarded each year. It is one of five Nobel
Prizes established by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite in 1895.

October 3, 2017
October 2: World Habitat Day
October 3, 2017
The World Habitat Day was observed all over the world on 2 October 2017. The purpose of day is
to reflect on state of cities and towns and basic human right to adequate shelter. It also aims to

remind world of its collective responsibility for habitat of future generations.

The theme for this year was ‘Housing Policies: Affordable Homes’. It focuses on promoting
implementation of concrete initiatives to ensure adequate and affordable housing in context of
implementation of New Urban Agenda, as well as achievement of Sustainable Development Goals.
New Urban Agenda
It was adopted at UN Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (also known as
“Habitat III” conference) held in Quito, Ecuador in October 2016. It sets global vision of sustainable
urbanization for next 20 years. It is set of 175 commitments that countries need to adhere to
tackle challenges of urbanization.
It is considered as roadmap for building cities that can serve as engines of prosperity and centres
of social and cultural well-being while protecting the environment. It provides guidance for
achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and provides the underpinning for actions to
address climate change.
Background
The United Nations has designated the first Monday of October of every year as World Habitat
Day. The day was established by the United Nations General Assembly through Resolution 40/202
in 1985 and was first celebrated in 1986. Since then it is observed each year with new theme to
promote sustainable development policies that ensure adequate shelter for all.
Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar Temple adjudged as cleanest iconic place
October 3, 2017
The Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar Temple in Madurai (Tamil Nadu) was adjudged as the cleanest
iconic place in country under Swachhta Hi Seva (cleanliness is service) programme.
The temple earned top slot from among 10 iconic places selected by Ministry of Drinking Water
and Sanitation under Swachh Bharath Mission. It has piped other iconic places such as Taj Mahal,
Ajmer Sharif Dargah, Golden Temple, Tirupathi temple and Sri Vaishno Devi temple.
Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar Temple
It is historic Hindu temple located on southern bank of Vaigai River in temple city of Madurai,
Tamil Nadu. It is dedicated to Meenakshi, a form of Parvati, and her consort, Sundareswar, a form
of Shiva. It was built during reign of Pandyas. It houses 14 gopurams (gateway towers), ranging
from 45–50m in height and tallest is southern tower, 51.9 metres high. It also has two golden
sculptured vimanas, shrines over garbhagrihas (sanctums) of main deities.
President appoints Commission to Examine OBC Sub-categorisation
October 3, 2017
President Ram Nath Kovind has appointed five-member commission to examine sub-
categorisation of Other Backward Classes (OBCs). It will be headed by retired Chief Justice of
Delhi High Court G. Rohini.
Besides, Dr J K Bajaj, Director, Anthropological Survey of India, Registrar General and Census
Commissioner and Joint Secretary from Ministry of Social Justice will be ex-officio members of
commission.
Key Facts
The commission has been established under Article 340 of Constitution under which Mandal
commission had recommended 27% reservation for socially and educationally backward classes,
was appointed.
Sub-categorisation of OBCs aims to ensure more equitable distribution of reservations in

government jobs and educational institutions so that dominant groups among OBCs do not
corner all benefits. The exercise will involve sub-categorisation of 5,000 castes in central OBC list.
Commission’s Terms of reference
The commission will examine extent of inequitable distribution of benefits of reservation among
castes included in broad category of OBCs, especially with reference to OBCs included in the
Central list.
It will also take up exercise of identifying respective castes/sub-castes/communities synonyms in
Central List of OBCs and classify them into their respective sub-categories. It will work out
mechanism, norms, criteria and parameters, in scientific approach, for sub-categorization within
such OBCs.
Background
The Supreme Court of India in Indra Sawhney and others vs. Union of India case (1992) had
observed that there is no constitutional or legal bar on states for categorizing OBCs as backward
or more backward. It had also observed that it is not impermissible in law if state chooses to do
sub-categorization. So far, 9 states/UTs viz. Karnataka, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand,
Puducherry, Telangana, Wst Bengal, Bihar, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu have carried out sub-
categorization of OBCs. So far there was no sub categorisation in central list of OBCs.
Government unveils third National Wildlife Action Plan for 2017-2031
October 3, 2017
The Union Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has unveiled third
National Wildlife Action Plan for 2017-2031 to chalk out future road map for wildlife conservation.
The plan was unveiled by Environment Minister Dr Harsh Vardhan on inaugural day of Global
Wildlife Programme (GWP) conference. It is third action plan after first released in 1983 to 2001
and second from 2002 to 2016, that had protected area-centric approach to wildlife conservation.
3rd National Wildlife Action Plan
The plan was initiated in February 2016 by MoEFCC. It was drafted by a 12-member committee
chaired by JC Kala, a former secretary to the ministry. The key focus areas of this plan includes
integration of climate change into wildlife planning, conservation of coastal and marine
ecosystem, mitigation of human-wildlife conflict, focus on wildlife health among others.
Climate Change impact: It is first wildlife action plan to recognise concerns related to climate
change impact on wildlife. It has stressed on integrating actions for its mitigation and adaptation
into wildlife management planning processes.
It recommended assisted migration of wildlife and anticipatory planting along ecological
gradients, as climate change may result in die-offs of certain tree species that are unable to adapt
to newer environmental conditions.
Approach: It adopts landscape approach in conservation of all wildlife – uncultivated flora and
fauna that have an ecological value to ecosystem and to mankind irrespective of where they occur.
It gives special emphasis to recovery to threatened species of wildlife while conserving their
habitats which include inland aquatic, coastal and marine ecosystems.
Human-animal conflict concerns: It addresses rising human-animal conflict owing to shrinkage,
fragmentation and deterioration of habitats generating animosity against wild animals and
protected areas.
People’s support: It underscores increasing need for people’s support for conservation of wildlife.

It recommends eco-development, education, innovation, training, extension, and conservation

awareness and outreach programs.
Participation of private sector: It underlines increased role of private sector in wildlife
conservation. It lays down that Government will ensure that adequate and sustained funding
including Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) funds are made available for implementation of
plan.
Global Wildlife Programme Conference held in New Delhi
October 3, 2017
The Global Wildlife Programme (GWP) Conference was recently held in New Delhi. It was jointly
hosted by Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC), World Bank and
United Nations Development Programme. Theme of the Conference was – “Peoples’ participation
in wildlife conservation”.
GWP Conference
The GWP Conference held discussions on management of wildlife habitat, securing sustainable
community livelihood, enhancing enforcement, monitoring, cooperation to reduce wildlife crimes
such as poaching and related threats. It also provided an opportunity for India to showcase its
conservation efforts through joint forest management, eco-development committees, vana
sanrakshan samitis, in and around protected areas.
Global Wildlife Programme (GWP)
The GWP is World-Bank led global partnership of 19 countries in Asia and Africa to promote the
conservation and sustainable development by combating trafficking in wildlife. It was initiated in
2015 by the Global Environment Facility (GEF).
It serves as a platform to exchange knowledge and coordinate in on-ground action for combating
illegal poaching of wildlife and improve governance on wildlife conservation. It seeks to reduce
both supply and demand that drives illegal wildlife trade, and protect species and habitats
through integrated landscape planning.
Scientist develop rapid test to diagnose Zika and dengue
October 3, 2017
Researchers including from India have developed low-cost, rapid diagnostic test consisting of
pan-dengue strip for diagnosing Zika and dengue viruses and differentiating four serotypes of
dengue virus.
Zika and dengue both belong to same viral family, which are called flaviviruses. They are two
closely related viruses spread by the same mosquito
Key Facts
The test resembles pregnancy test strip and contains antibodies that react to presence of Zika or
dengue virus, and also contains gold nanoparticles that respond to antibody reaction. It does not
have cross-reactivity leading to wrong diagnosis as antigens specific to dengue and Zika viruses
were identified.
To use the test, medical professional dipped strip into a tube of either blood serum or whole blood
of patient. If the test is positive, then dot or line was seen on the strip that results from seeing
gold nanoparticles that signal antibodies recognising viral protein.
The diagnostic test has nearly 100% ability to distinguish between two virus infections. It has
nearly 76-100% sensitivity and specificity in case of dengue and in case of Zika, it has 81%

sensitivity and 86% specificity.

Government launches SECURE Himalaya Project
October 3, 2017
The Union Government had launched SECURE Himalaya, a six-year project to ensure
conservation of locally and globally significant biodiversity, land and forest resources in high
Himalayan ecosystem spread over four states viz. Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir,
Uttarakhand and Sikkim.
It was launched by Union Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) in
association with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
Key Facts
The SECURE project aims at securing livelihoods, conservation, sustainable use and restoration of
high range Himalayan ecosystems. It is meant for specific landscapes including Changthang
(Jammu and Kasmir), Lahaul – Pangi and Kinnaur (Himachal Pradesh), Gangotri – Govind and
Darma – Byans Valley in Pithoragarh (Uttarakhand) and Kanchenjunga – Upper Teesta Valley
(Sikkim).
The key focus areas of the project is protection of snow leopard and other endangered species and
their habitats and also securing livelihoods of people in region and enhancing enforcement to
reduce wildlife crime. Under it, enhanced enforcement efforts and monitoring will be undertaken
to curb illegal trade in some medicinal and aromatic plants which are among most threatened
species in these landscapes.
2017 Nobel Prize in physics goes to the discovery of Gravitational Waves
October 3, 2017
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has selected three American scientists Rainer Weiss,
Barry C. Barish and Kip S. Thorne for the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics.
They were selected for their decisive contributions to the LIGO (Laser Interferometer
Gravitational wave Observatory) detector and the observation of gravitational waves.
Dr. Weiss — born in Berlin and now a US citizen received half the prize. The remaining half was
shared equally by two Caltech scientists — Dr. Barish, Professor of Physics and Dr. Thorne,
Professor of Theoretical Physics
Gravitational waves
Gravitational waves are ripples curvature of spacetime which propagate as waves, travelling
outward from source at the speed of light. Strongest sources of gravitational waves are among
produced by catastrophic events such as colliding black holes.
Gravitational waves were first predicted in 1916 by Albert Einstein on basis of his Theory of
General Relativity. They were detected for by US LIGO laboratory in 2015. Since then three more
examples have been detected.
Gravitational waves transport energy as gravitational radiation and pass through matter without
interacting with it. Information extracted from gravitational waves may help to address unsolved
questions and mysteries of physics and astronomy.
LIGO
LIGO is world’s largest gravitational wave observatory. It comprises two enormous laser
interferometers located thousands of kilometers apart. It helps to detect and understand the
origins of gravitational waves. The Interferometers used in LIGO work by merging two or more

sources of light to create interference pattern, which can be measured and analyzed.
October 4, 2017
Karnataka Government launches Mathru Poorna scheme
October 4, 2017
The Karnataka Government has launched Mathru Poorna Scheme to meet nutritional needs of
pregnant and lactating women in rural areas of state.
Under this scheme, pregnant and lactating poor women in rural areas will get one nutritious meal
daily for 25 days in a month.
Key Facts
The scheme will be implemented through anganwadis in State. Under it, nutritious food will be

provided for 15 months, from start of pregnancy up to six months after delivery. Along with meal,
Iron Folic Acid (IFA) tablets will be administered and gestational weight monitoring will be
ensured for pregnant women.
The full meal will consist of rice, dal with vegetables/sambar, one boiled egg and 200ml of milk,
will be given to pregnant women. Those who don’t eat eggs would be given two varieties of
sprouts. This meal will meet 40-45% of daily calorie, protein and calcium requirement per day of
pregnant and lactating mothers.
Sibir: World’s biggest and most powerful nuclear icebreaker ship launched by Russia
October 4, 2017
Russia launched Sibir (Siberia), the world’s largest nuclear-powered icebreaker ship built under
Project 22220 into the water at the Baltic Shipyard in St Petersburg.
Sibir is second of three icebreakers of new class of biggest nuclear powered icebreakers ever
constructed under Project 22220. The first one was Arktika (Arctic) was put in service in June
2016. Third icebreaker Ural is set to be completed in 2019.
Sibir
Sibir is powered by two next generation RITM-200 nuclear-reactors. These reactors will be
supplied with nuclear be produced by the TVEL fuel company. It is 173 meters long and 34 meters
wide. It has displacement capacity of 33500 metric tons. It has dual-draft design that can break
through 13 feet (3 metres) thick ice, enabling it to use it in Arctic waters and in estuaries of polar
rivers.
Sibir is designed to transport cargo along the Northern Sea Passage, a naval route near Artic has
which has become recently more accessible due to climate change. It is 12 to 15 days shorter than
traditional commercial routes through the Suez canal. It will help Russia to maintain control in
Arctic waters due to drilling opportunities, minerals and strategic importance.
Russia is only country in world that produces nuclear-powered icebreakers. The new series of
icebreakers under Project 22220 are meant to ensure year-round navigation in western Arctic,
and their makes possible to use them in Arctic Ocean as well as in rivers.
Soumya Swaminathan appointed as Deputy DG of WHO
October 4, 2017
The World Health Organization (WHO) has appointed Dr. Soumya Swaminathan (58) as one of two
deputy directors general. This is first time such second-highest position created within WHO and
highest post held by Indian in WHO.
Dr Swaminathan will replace Dr Anarfi Asamoa-Baah from Ghana, who joined WHO as senior
policy adviser to director-general.
Soumya Swaminathan
Dr. Swaminathan is currently Director General of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). She
is a paediatrician and clinical scientist and globally-recognised researcher on tuberculosis (TB)
and HIV, who has over 30 years of experience in clinical care and research.
She did her MBBS and MD from Armed Forces Medical College and the All India Institute of
Medical Sciences (AIIMS), respectively. She had served as Coordinator of the
UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical
Diseases (TDR) in Geneva from 2009 to 2011.
She was member of several WHO and global advisory bodies, including WHO Expert Panel to

Review Global Strategy and Plan of Action on Public Health, Innovation and IP, Strategic and
Technical Advisory Group of Global TB Department at WHO. She was also Co-Chair of Lancet
Commission on TB.
She is one of the three daughters of Dr MS Swaminathan, who is known as the father of green
revolution in India.
World Health Organization (WHO)
The WHO is specialized agency of United Nations that acts as coordinating authority on
international public health. It was established in April 1948 and succeeded Health Organization,
which was an agency of the League of Nations. It is a member of the United Nations Development
Group and its headquarters is located at Geneva. WHO flag features the Rod of Asclepius as a
symbol for healing.
Core sector growth rises to 4.9% in August 2017
October 4, 2017
According to Ministry of Commerce & Industry, eight core sectors grew by 4.9% in August 2017,
the highest growth rate since April 2017. It was higher than 3.1% in August 2016 and 2.6% in July
2017
The growth was recorded on account of robust performance of coal, natural gas and electricity
segments. But, growth in Crude oil, cement and fertiliser segments declined.
Key Facts
Coal production recorded 15.3% growth in August 2017, up from a low base of -9.7% contraction in
August 2016. Electricity output
grew by 10.3% in August 2017 from a low base of 2.2% growth in August 2016. Steel production
registered 3% growth in August 2017, down from 16.7% in August 2016. Cement sector growth fell
to -1.3% in August from 3.1% growth in August 2016.
Fertilizer output contracted by -0.7% in August 2017 as against 2.5% growth in August 2016.
Natural gas registered a 4.2% growth in August 2017 from a low base of -5.9% fall in August 2016.
Refinery products output stayed almost at same level with 2.4% growth in August 2017 as against
2.5% growth in August 2016. Crude oil production shrunk by -1.6% in August 2017 from negative
growth of -3.9% in 2016.
Eight core sectors
Core industry can be defined as the main industry. In most countries, there is particular industry
that seems to be the backbone of all other industries and it qualifies to be the core industry. In
India, there are eight core sectors comprising of coal, crude oil, natural gas, refinery products,

fertilisers, steel, cement and electricity.

The electricity has the maximum weight of 10.32% followed by Steel (6.68%), Petroleum Refinery
(5.94%), Crude Oil production (5.22 %), Coal production (4.38 %), Cement (2.41%), Natural Gas
production (1.71 %) and Fertilizer production (1.25%).
Healthy growth in core sectors have positive implications on Index of Industrial Production (IIP)
as these segments account for about 40.27 % of the weight of items in the total factory output.
Foundation stone for national waterway on Krishna River laid
October 4, 2017
Vice President M Venkaiah Naidu laid foundation stone to develop Muktyal to Vijayawada
waterway stretch on River Krishna as part of National Waterway 4 at Amaravati in Andhra
Pradesh.
The 82-km inland waterway stretch is Phase-1 of National Waterway-4 developed under Sagar
Mala project. It will be used mainly for transportation of cement and construction material for
new capital city Amaravati.
National Waterway 4
NW-4 in Andhra Pradesh has total length of 2890 km. It is proposed to be developed in three
phases viz. Phase-I: Muktyala to Vijayawada (Krishna River) (82 Km), Phase-II: Vijayawada to
Kakinada (Eluru canal & Kakinada canal) and Rajahmundry to Polavaram stretch of Godavari (233
Km) and Phase-III: Commamur Canal, Buckingham canal and balance stretches of Krishna &
Godavari Rivers (573km)
In Phase I, three cargo terminals are proposed to be built at Muktyala, Ibrahimpatnam and
Harishchandrapur. Besides, four Passenger Terminals will be built at Durga Ghat, Bhawani Island,
Vedadari, and Amravati. The Phase I work is expected to be completed by June, 2019.
Significance of NW 4
The project will provide efficient logistics solution to boost economic growth of region. It will
facilitate development of new capital city Amravati during its early development stage by
transporting substantial construction material.
It will also help in controlling traffic congestion and pollution. It will help in saving cost of
transportation. Moreover, Ro-Ro services on the route will provide intra-city transportation of
passengers and vehicles. It will improve connectivity to tourist and pilgrimage places in and
around Vijayawada and Amaravati.
Turtle Sanctuary to be set up in Allahabad
October 4, 2017
The Union Ministry of Water Resources has approved project to set up Turtle sanctuary in
Allahabad along with River Biodiversity Park at Sangam in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh under
Namami Gange programme.
The purpose of the Turtle sanctuary is to protect the rich aquatic biodiversity of river Ganga from
escalating anthropogenic pressures.
Key Facts
The approved project includes development of River Biodiversity Park at Sangam (confluence of
Ganga, Yamuna and mythical Sarasvati Rivers), establishment of Turtle Rearing Centre (Permanent
nursery at Triveni Pushp and makeshift annual hatcheries) and awareness about importance of
Ganga River and imperativeness of its conservation has been approved.

This project will provide platform to make the visitors aware of their place in ecosystem, their
roles and responsibilities, improve their understanding of the complexity of co-existence with
environment. It will also help to generate awareness for reducing impact of human activities on
critical natural resources.
Need for such Projects
The sustenance of more than 2000 aquatic species including threatened gharials, dolphins and
turtles in river Ganga exemplifies rich biodiversity of River Ganga which is lifeline to over 40% of
India’s population. Rivers Ganga and Yamuna at Allahabad are home to some of most endangered
fauna like turtles (Batagur kachuga, Batagur dhongoka, Nilssonia gangetica, Chitra indica,
Hardella thurjii etc.), Gangetic dolphin- National Aquatic Animal, Gharial and numerous
migratory and resident birds.
Satya Pal Malik sworn-in as governor of Bihar
October 4, 2017
Satya Pal Malik (71) was sworn-in as 35th Governor of Bihar. He was administered oath to office by
Chief Justice of Patna High Court Rajendra Menon.
He succeeds West Bengal Governor Keshari Nath Tripathi who was holding additional charge of
Bihar after the elevation of Ram Nath Kovind as President.
Satya Pal Malik
He hails from Baghpat district in western Uttar Pradesh. Prior to this appointment, he was
national vice-president of BJP. He had begun his political career in 1970s as member of UP
Legislative Assembly between 1974 and 1977.
He was elected from Aligarh Lok Sabha constituency on Janata Dal ticket in 1989-90. He also
served as a member of Rajya Sabha for two terms of 1980-86 and 1986-1992. He has also served as
MoS for Parliamentary Affairs, and Tourism. He has also served in several Parliamentary
Committees.
Constitutional provisions of Governor
Article 153: It says that there shall be Governor for each state. But 7th Constitutional Amendment
Act, 1956 facilitated appointment of same person as a governor for two or more states.
Article 156: Governor is appointed by President for term of 5 years but usually holds office during
pleasure of President. There is no provision of impeachment, as it happens for the president.
RBI keeps repo rate unchanged at 6%
October 4, 2017
The six member Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has decided to
maintain status quo in policy rates by keeping repo rate unchanged at 6.0% under liquidity
adjustment facility. It was RBI’s fourth bimonthly policy review for financial year 2017-18.
The decision of MPC was consistent with neutral stance of monetary policy in consonance with
objective of achieving medium-term inflation target of 4% within a band of +/- 2%, while
supporting growth.
Policy Rates
Repo rate: It is rate at which RBI lends to its clients generally against government securities. It
was unchanged at 6%.
Reverse Repo Rate: It is rate at which banks lend funds to RBI. It was unchanged at 5.75%.
Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) Rate: It is rate at which scheduled banks can borrow funds

overnight from RBI against government securities. It is very short term borrowing scheme for
scheduled banks. It was unchanged at 6.25%.
Bank Rate: It is rate charged by central bank for lending funds to commercial banks. It was
unchanged 6.25%. It influences lending rates of commercial banks. Higher bank rate will translate
to higher lending rates by banks.
Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR): It is amount of funds that banks have to keep with RBI. It was
unchanged at 4%. The RBI uses CRR to drain out excessive money from system.
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR): It was changed to 19.5% from 20%. It is amount that banks have
to maintain a stipulated proportion of their net demand and time liabilities (NDTL) in form of
liquid assets like cash, gold and unencumbered securities, treasury bills, dated securities etc.
Key Highlights of 4th bi-monthly policy
RBI has indicated rise in inflation and is expected to rise from its current level and range between
4.2-4.6% in second half of this year. It also has indicated a fall in GVA (Gross Value Addition)
growth rate. The projection of real GVA growth for 2017-18 has been revised down to 6.7% from
August 2017 projection of 7.3%.
According to RBI, various structural reforms introduced in recent period will likely be growth
augmenting over medium- to long-term by improving business environment, enhancing
transparency and increasing formalisation of economy.
October 5, 2017
PM inaugurates Golden Jubilee Year Celebrations of ICSI
October 5, 2017
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated Golden Jubilee Year Celebrations (50 years) of the
Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI) in New Delhi.
The event assumes significance as it comes close on heels of government action of de-registering
over 2.1 lakh dormant, shell companies and disqualifying over one lakh directors as part of a
cleanup of corporate system and tackling menace of shell companies.
Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI)
ICSI is the only statutory professional body in India with objective of promoting, regulating and
developing the profession of Company Secretaries in India. Its headquarters are located at New
Delhi, four Regional Offices at New Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai and 69 Chapters across India.
Originally it was set up as not-for-profit organisation on 4th October, 1968, but later in 1980 the
institute was converted into statutory professional body under an Act of Parliament, ‘The
Company Secretaries Act 1980’.
Cabinet approves MoU between India and Switzerland on Technical Cooperation in Rail Sector
October 5, 2017
The Union Cabinet has approved Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between Ministry
of Railways, and Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications of
Swiss Confederation on Technical Cooperation in Rail Sector. The MoU was signed in August,
2017.
The MoU will enable technical cooperation in areas such as traction rolling stock, Traction
Propulsion Equipments, Freight and Passenger Cars, EMU and train sets, Railway Electrification
Equipments , Train scheduling and operation improvement, Tilting Trains, Railway Station
modernization, Multimodal transport and Tunneling technology.

Background
The Union Ministry of Railways has signed various MoUs for technical cooperation in ail sector
with various foreign Governments and National Railways in areas such as high-speed corridors,
raising speed of existing routes, heavy haul operations, development of world-class stations and
modernization of rail infrastructure etc.
The cooperation under these MoUs is achieved mainly through exchange of information on
developments in areas of railways technology and operations, knowledge sharing, technical visits,
training & seminars and workshops in areas of mutual interest.
These MoUs provide global platform for Indian Railways to interact and share latest
developments and knowledge in railway sector. They also facilitate exchange of technical experts,
technical documents and reports, training and seminars focusing on specific technology areas and
other interactions for knowledge sharing.
Cabinet approves renaming of Kandla Port as Deendayal Port
October 5, 2017
The Union Cabinet has approved proposal of Union Ministry of Shipping to rename of Kandla Port
in Gujarat as Deendayal Port, Kandla. The port was renamed after BJP ideologue Pandit Deendayal
Upadhyay who had dedicated his entire life for public service and was epitome of simplicity,
honesty and selfless service for poor and down-trodden. It was renamed as part of Upadhyay’s
101st birth anniversary celebrations.
Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay
Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay was born in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, on September 25, 1916 and died
on 1 February 1968. He was a Bharatiya Jan Sangh leader and Indian politician. He had conceived
philosophy on ‘integral humanism’, which was later adopted by Jan Sangh and BJP.
Throughout his life, he had worked tirelessly for Indianisation of democracy, honouring public
opinion, selflessness and respect for law of the land. All his actions were based on principles of
‘Integral Humanism’ and also upheld values of democracy founded on tolerance, discipline,
selflessness and respect for law of land.
Kandla Port
Kandla Port is one of twelve major ports in country. It is situated on Gulf of Kutch in Gujarat. It is
largest port of India in terms of volume of cargo handled (around 100 million tons freight). It was
constructed in 1950s as main seaport to serve in western India, alternative to Karachi port which
came under Pakistan’s control after partition. In March 2016, Kandla Port had created history by
becoming first Major Port in country to cross 100 million tons freight handling capacity.
Rajnish Kumar appointed as new Chairman of SBI
October 5, 2017
The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has appointed Rajnish Kumar (59) as the new
chairman of State Bank of India (SBI). His name was recommended by Vinod Rai-led Bank Board
Bureau.
Rajnish Kumar will be 25th chairman of the country’s largest lender and succeeds Arundhati
Bhattacharya who retired from the service.
Rajnish Kumar
Kumar joined SBI as probationary officer in 1980. In his banking career spanning three decades he
had worked in various departments. Prior to this appointment, he was Managing Director (MD)
Compliance and Risk and SBI board member. Before becoming MD, he headed SBI’s merchant

banking arm, SBI Capital Markets, as managing director and CEO.

Kumar also had worked as Chief General Manager, Project Finance and Leasing Strategic Business
Unit. He also had held several key assignments across various business verticals, including two
overseas assignments in Canada and United Kingdom.
State Bank of India (SBI)
SBI is largest commercial bank in India in terms of assets, deposits, branches, profits, customers
and employees. It traces its ancestry to British India, through the Imperial Bank of India, to the
founding, in 1806, making it oldest commercial bank in Indian subcontinent.
On 1 April, 2017, SBI’s five associate Banks (State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur, State Bank of
Hyderabad, State Bank of Mysore, State Bank of Patiala and State Bank of Travancore) and
Bharatiya Mahila Bank merged with SBI. With merger, SBI entered in league of top 50 global
banks with balance sheet size of Rs.33 trillion, 278,000 employees, 420 million customers and
network of more than 24,000 branches and 59,000 ATMs.
After the merger, SBI’s market share also had increased to 22% from 17%. It is ranked 232nd on the
Fortune Global 500 list of the world’s biggest corporations as of 2016. It has 198 offices in 37
countries; 301 correspondents in 72 countries.[6]
Government constitutes high-level committee for water management in northeast
October 5, 2017
The Government has constituted a high-level committee for proper management of water
resources in North Eastern Region (NER) under Chairmanship of Rajiv Kumar, Vice-Chairman of
NITI Aayog.
The Committee is tasked to facilitate optimising benefits of appropriate water management in
form of agriculture, bio-diversity conservation, hydro-electric power, reduced flood damage
erosion, inland water transport, forestry, fishery and eco-tourism.
Composition of Committee
It will include secretaries from the ministries of DoNER, water resources, river development and
Ganga rejuvenation, power, National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), departments of
border management and space and chief secretaries of all eight north eastern states.
Terms of reference of Committee
It will appraise existing institutional arrangements (or mechanisms) for management of water
resources of NER. It will also identify of gaps in existing institutional arrangements for optimal
management of water resources of NER. It will suggest policy interventions required for optimally
harnessing water resources for accelerating development in NER.
It will also spell out of actionable measures required for optimizing management of water
resources in NER. It will chalk out a Plan of Action for dovetailing of schemes and programmes of
concerned Union Ministries as well as schemes of respective North-Eastern State Governments.
It will submit its report, including Plan of Action, by June, 2018. Ministry of Development of North
Eastern Region (DoNER) will serve as coordinating point.
Background
The Brahmaputra (flows through Assam, Arunachal Pradesh) and Barak river (flows through
Assam, Manipur and Mizoram) systems in NER which account for one-third of India’s run off are
highly prone to floods. Brahmaputra is one of largest river systems in world and causes
considerable distress and costs on NER through frequent flooding and erosion.

During review of flood situation with Chief Ministers of Assam, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal
Pradesh, Prime Minister Narendra Modi had announced constitution of High-Level Committee for
holistic management of water resources in NER. The meeting noted thatoptimum management of
water resources is cross-cutting task which requires multi-sectoral interventions and concerted
strategy, including management of catchment areas in upper reaches involving concerned
Central Ministries and State Governments.
Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank and Richard Henderson selected for 2017 Nobel Prize in
Chemistry
October 5, 2017
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has selected Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank and
Richard Henderson for the 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
They were selected for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high resolution structure
determination of biomolecules in solution. Chemistry was third of this year’s Nobel Prizes.
Contributions of trio
Richard Henderson in 1990 was successful in using an electron microscope to generate a 3D
image of a protein at atomic resolution. Joachim Frank made technology more widely applicable.
Jacques Dubochet had helped with vitrification of water, which ensured that biological sample
retained its natural shape even in vacuum and while frozen.
Cryo-electron microscopy
The Cryo-electron microscopy is specific type of electron microscopy based on principle of
forming three-dimensional (3D) image by collecting and combining thousands of projections of
biomolecules. Using it, researchers can now freeze mid-movement of biomolecules and can
visualise processes they have never seen.
It helps to make it possible to see biomolecules in 3D after rapidly freezing them at -150°C (i.e. at
cryogenic temperature), preserving their natural shape. It can reveal the structure of the
molecules of life in exquisite detail. It is decisive for both basic understanding of chemistry and for
development of pharmaceuticals.
Significance: Cryo-electron microscopy gives scientists opportunity to look at machinery of life in
3D form. This was not possible with earlier forms of electron microscopes as more powerful
beams would destroy biological matter. It allows the study of fine cellular structures, viruses and
protein complexes at molecular resolution.

India, Djibouti sign pact on bilateral consultations

October 5, 2017
India and Djibouti have signed an agreement to establish regular Foreign Office-level bilateral
consultations between both countries.
The agreement was signed during President Ram Nath Kovind’s first leg of his four-day visit to

Djibouti and Ethiopia. President Ram Nath Kovind is first Indian leader to visit Djibouti and it was
also his maiden trip abroad since taking office.
India-Djibouti Relations
Djibouti is strategically located at confluence of Red Sea with Indian Ocean in Horn of Africa and
crossroads connecting Africa, Middle
East and Asia. Contacts between India and Djibouti existed since ancient times. Historically, port
of Adulis in Djibouti was hub of maritime trade for Indian seafarers for trading in spices and silk
for gold and ivory.
Djibouti had opened its embassy in New Delhi in 2004, but India still does not have embassy in
Djibouti. India’s relations are based on handful of diaspora and limited trade links from ancient
times. In recent times, Djibouti has acquired major significance as result of geopolitical
developments and presence of military bases of US and China side by side. Djibouti had supported
India during Operation Rahat for evacuating Indians from war-torn Yemen in 2015.
Bilateral trade between both countries is on increase and is in India’s favor. In 2014-15, bilateral
trade stood at US$ 239.43 million (India’s exports were US $ 237.96 million and India’s imports US
$ 1.47 million). Most of trade with Djibouti actually serves growing market in Ethiopia. The main
items in Indian exports were iron & steel products, paper and plastic products.
Ganga Prasad sworn in as Governor of Meghalaya
October 5, 2017
Ganga Prasad was sworn in as the 17th Governor of Meghalaya. He was administered oath of
office and secrecy by Chief Justice of Meghalaya High Court Justice Dinesh Maheshwari.
He succeeds B Purohit who was given additional charge as governor of Meghalaya, a temporary
appointment after V Shanmuganathan had resigned on charges of compromising with dignity of
gubernatorial office.
Ganga Prasad
Ganga Prasad has started his political career in Bihar when he was elected as first-time Member
of Legislative Council (MLC) in 1994. He had retained position for 18 years, during which he led
Opposition in state Assembly for five years. During the earlier NDA regime, he had served as
leader of Bihar Legislative Council for ruling party.
Government launches Paryatan Parv to boost tourism
October 5, 2017
The Union Ministry of Tourism in collaboration with Other Union Ministries and State
Governments has launched nationwide ‘Paryatan Parv’ to showcase cultural diversity of country
and reinforce the principle of ‘Tourism for All’. Its objective is to draw focus on the benefits of

tourism.
It was inaugurated at Humayun’s Tomb and will be held across the country from the 5th to 25th
October 2017. During this period, ‘Adopt A Heritage’ project launched by Ministry of Tourism will
be implemented at key sites.
Components of Paryatan Parv
Dekho Apna Desh: It will encourage Indians to visit their own country. It will include video, photograph and
blog competitions visited during event, stories of India through Travelers’ Eyes to promote travel to J&K and
North Eastern states.
Tourism for All: It will promote tourism events at sites across all States in country. These will mainly be
People’s events with large scale public participation.
The activities at these sites will include Cultural Programmes of Dance, Music, Theatre, Tourism Exhibitions
showcasing culture, cuisine and handicrafts and handlooms etc.
Tourism & Governance: It will have interactive sessions and workshops with stakeholders on varied themes
like Skill Development in Tourism Sector, Innovation in Tourism, Inducting Ex-servicemen as service providers for Taxi
Operation and Developing Rural Tourism in locations near established destinations.
In the overseas markets, Union Ministry of External Affairs through Indian Missions will be
conducting outreach programmes to encourage people to visit India, with special focus on PIOs
who have never visited the country.
October 6, 2017
India signs €300 million agreement with European Investment Bank for Bangalore Metro Phase II
October 6, 2017
Government has signed Finance Contract with European Investment Bank (EIB) for lending of
€300 million for Bangalore Metro Rail Project Phase II Line R6.
The Phase II of metro project is jointly financed by EIB (€500 million) and Asian Infrastructure
Investment Bank (€300 million). The project envisages extension of East-West & North-South
lines for Bangalore Metro Rail which includes a total length of 72.095 km (13.79 km underground)
and 61 stations with 12 underground stations.
Bangalore Metro Phase II
The objective of project is to bring in quantum improvement in transportation sector in city in
tandem with Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) and other modes of urban
transport. It aims to ensure modern transport facility for the commuters.
The spinoffs of the project will include employment opportunities, reduction of number of
vehicles on road, benefits to economy, less fuel consumption, reduction in air pollution, reduction
in passenger travel time and also improvement in aesthetic value of city.
Fact Box: Embryo transfer technology (ETT)
October 6, 2017
Department of Animal husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries in co-operation with 12 States had
undertaken Mass Embryo Transfer programme in indigenous breeds under National Mission on
Bovine Productivity Scheme.
The programme is implemented with the objective of conservation and development of
indigenous breeds under Rashtriya Gokul Mission using Embryo transfer technology (ETT).

Embryo transfer technology (ETT)

ETT is one of the most important reproductive biotechnologies where male and female genetic
material can be utilized for faster improvement of livestock. It has revolutionized breeding
strategies in Bovines as tool to optimize genetic improvement in cattle. Using it, embryos of
higher genetic merit indigenous bovines such as Sahiwal, Gir, Red Sindhi, Ongole, Deoni and
Vechur are being transferred in to surrogate cows. Government is taking this technology to
doorstep of farmers for rapid propogation of high genetic merit indigenous cattle.
Benefits of using ETT: (i) Farmer can get 5-6 fold increase in number of offsprings. (ii) So born
calves will be of high genetic merit (iii) Offsprings born will be free from diseases.
National Mission on Bovine Productivity
It was launched in November 2016 with aim of enhancing milk production and productivity and
thereby making dairying more remunerative to farmers. It is being implemented with following
components
(i) Pashu Sanjivni: It includes identification of animals in milk using UID, issuing health cards to
all animals in milk and uploading data on INAPH data base.
(ii) Advance reproductive Technique: Under it, sex sorted semen production facility is being
created at 10 A graded semen stations and 50 EET Labs with IVF facilities.
(iii) Creation of E Pashu Haat Portal: It is for linking farmers and breeders of indigenous breeds
and
(iv) Establishment of National Bovine Genomic Centre for Indigenous Breeds (NBGC-IB): It is
established for enhancing milk production and productivity through genomic selection among
indigenous breeds.
Rashtriya Gokul Mission
It was launched in December 2014 for development and conservation of indigenous bovine breeds for enhancing
milk production and productivity through induction of high genetic merit bulls for semen production, field
performance recording, strengthening of bulls mother farms, setting up of Gokul Grams etc.
India, Ethiopia sign agreements on trade, communication

October 6, 2017
India and Ethiopia have signed agreements on trade, communication and media to boost bilateral
ties. The agreements were signed after wide ranging talks between President Ram Nath Kovind
and his Ethiopian counterpart Mulatu Teshome at Addis Ababa in Ethiopia.
The agreement was signed during President Ram Nath Kovind’s second leg of his maiden visit
abroad to Djibouti and Ethiopia
Singed Agreements
Trade Agreement
Agreement in field of Information, Communication and Media.
India-Ethiopia Relations
Bilateral partnership between India and Ethiopia rests on civilizational ties and cultural bonds.
Historical linkages between both countries go back about 2,000 years of recorded history. India is
amongst top trade, investment and development partner of Ethiopia.

India’s is third most important trading partner for Ethiopia. India’s exports to Ethiopia in 2012
amounted to US $ 890 million i.e. 11% of all of Ethiopia’s imports. It mainly comprised primary and
semifinished iron and steel products, drugs and pharmaceuticals, machinery and instruments,
metal, plastic chemicals, transport equipments, electrical materials etc. India’s annual imports
from Ethiopia have stagnated in range of US $ 30million. These mainly consist of cotton, pulses
and spices.
Ethiopia continues to be largest recipient of India’s concessional Lines of Credit in Africa, with
commitment of over one billion dollar. India is second largest foreign investor in Ethiopia with
approved investment of US $ 4.78 billion. About 40% of Indian investment is in field of commercial
agriculture. India is actively playing important role of capacity building in Ethiopia in field of
ITEC, education, Science and Technology and Defence etc
Kazuo Ishiguro selected for 2017 Nobel Prize in Literature
October 6, 2017
The Swedish Academy has selected Japanese-born English novelist Kazuo Ishiguro (62) for the
2017 Nobel Prize in literature.
The award was given for his works that are of great emotional force which uncovers the abyss
beneath our illusory sense of connection with the world.
Kazuo Ishiguro
Kazuo Ishiguro was born in 1954 in Nagasaki, Japan and moved to the UK when he was five years
old. He had started writing career in 1981 and has written seven novels, five works in short fiction
and four screenplays so far. He is best known for his emotionally resonating prose style and his
inventive subversion of literary genres.
Some of his best-known works include Never Let Me Go and The Remains of the Day, which he
had written in just a month. His latest book, The Buried Giant, was published in 2015. He had
received four Man Booker Prize nominations and won it in 1989 for his novel ‘The Remains of the
Day’.

Banwarilal Purohit sworn in as Governor of Tamil Nadu

October 6, 2017
Banwarilal Purohit was sworn in as 25th Governor of Tamil Nadu. He was administered oath of
office and secrecy by Madras High Court Chief Justice Indira Banerjee. He was transferred from
post of Governor of Assam by President Ram Nath Kovind.
He will take charge from C Vidyasagar Rao, Governor of Maharashtra who was hold additional
charge after tenure of K. Rosaiah had ended on 31 August 2016.
Banwarilal Purohit
Mr. Purohit is public personality involved in social, political, educational and industrial fields of
Vidarbha, Maharashtra. He had plunged into active politics in 1977 and was elected for first time
as MLA in Maharashtra Assembly in 1978 from Nagpur. He was re-elected in 1980 from Nagpur
south and became minister in 1982.
In 1984 and 1989, he was elected to the Lok Sabha from Nagpur-Kamptee seat and was member of
Parliamentary Consultative Committee of Defence Ministry. He was re-elected from Lok Sabha
seat in 1996 and served as a member of the Parliamentary Consultative Committee on Home
Affairs, Standing Committee on Defence and also Public Sector Undertaking Committee.
He is also credited with revival of ‘The Hitavada’, an English daily founded by Gopal Krishna
Gokhale, a mentor to Mahatma Gandhi. Under him, the daily bad became leading newspaper of

central India and apart from its headquarters edition at Nagpur, daily also launched editions from
Jabalpur, Raipur, and Bhopal.
Snow leopard photographed for first time in Arunachal Pradesh
October 6, 2017
Scientists for first time have captured images of Snow Leopard using camera trap at Thembang
village’s Community Conserved Area (CCA) in West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh.
The camera trap study was conducted by World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF-India) in
collaboration with Arunachal Pradesh Environment and Forest Department to focus on
unexplored snow leopard habitats.
Key Facts
This is first evidence of elusive snow leopard in Arunachal Pradesh and also outside protected
areas. Arunachal Pradesh is one of 22 priority landscapes of Global Snow Leopard Ecosystem
Protection Program. Only small fraction of snow leopard habitats falls in two protected areas
(Dibang Biosphere Reserve and Namdapha National Park) in State. WWF-India scientists are
seeking to tap intoknowledge of locals including herders and former hunters to understand
current distribution of snow leopards and other mammals in state.
Community Conserved Area (CCA)
In 2004, WWF-India had introduced concept of CCAs in State to empower local communities to
become active decision-makers and implement conservation initiatives. Local communities in
these CCAs form committees to undertake wildlife monitoring, patrolling and community-based
tourism activities.
Snow leopard
Snow leopard (Panthera uncial) is a large cat native to mountain ranges of Central and South Asia-
including Himalayas, and Russia’s remote Altai mountains. It inhabits in alpine and subalpine
zones at elevations from 3,000 to 4,500 m. In northern range countries, it is also found at lower
elevations.
It is threatened by poaching for their fur, habitat destruction by infrastructure developments and
climate change. It mostly feed on wild animals, but also prey on livestock. It usually hunts at dawn
and dusk and is able to kill prey up to three times their own weight. It is National Heritage Animal
of Pakistan and Afghanistan. In September 2017, International Union for Conservation of Nature
(IUCN) had downgraded conservation status of snow leopard to “vulnerable” from “endangered”
Nobel Peace Prize 2017 awarded to International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
October 6, 2017
Norwegian Nobel Committee has selected Geneva-based International Campaign to Abolish

Nuclear Weapons (ICAN), a coalition of non-governmental organisations from over 100 countries
around globe for 2017 Nobel Peace Prize.
The Norwegian Nobel Committee honoured ICAN for its decade-long campaign to get rid the
world of atomic bomb and for its work to draw attention to catastrophic humanitarian
consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and its ground-breaking efforts to achieve treaty-
based prohibition of such weapons.
International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN)
ICAN is a global civil society coalition of 468 partner organizations from 101 countries working to
promote adherence to and full implementation of Treaty on Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. It is
a leading civil society actor which has taken efforts to achieve a world without nuclear weapons.

Its headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland.

ICAN’s mission is to shift disarmament debate to focus on humanitarian threat posed by nuclear
weapons, draw attention to their unique destructive capacity, their catastrophic health and
environmental consequences, debilitating impact of detonation on medical infrastructure and
relief measures and long-lasting effects of radiation on surrounding area.
October 7-8, 2017

Recommendations of Uday Kotak Committee on Corporate Governance
October 7, 2017
21-member Committee on corporate governance headed by banker Uday Kotak has submitted its
report to the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).
The panel was constituted by SEBI in June 2017. It was given four months to submit its
recommendations. In its suggestions it has recommended major overhaul of corporate
governance norms for listed firms.
Recommendations of Committee
Separation of the roles: Roles of chairman and managing director at listed firms should be
separated and chairmanship should be limited to only non-executive directors. Listed firms with
more than 40% public shareholding should have separate roles of chairperson and MD/CEO with
effect from April 1, 2020. After 2020, SEBI may examine extending requirement to all listed
entities with effect from 2022.
Minimum board strength: It should be increased to 6 members and at least one woman should be

appointed as independent director. At least five board meeting for listed firms should be held in
year up from current practice of four meetings. Firms’ board should at least once a year discuss
succession planning and risk management.
Independent Directors: At least half of board members to be independent directors at listed
companies, while all directors must attend at least half of board meets. Public shareholders’ nod
must be mandatory for non-executive directors over 75 years of age.
Shareholder meeting and cash flow statement: Top 100 firms by market capitalisation should
webcast shareholder meeting and all listed firms should have cash flow statement every six
months. It should be mandatory disclosure of quarterly consolidated earnings by listed firms.
Credit ratings: Updated list of all credit ratings obtained by the listed entity must be made
available at one place, which would be very helpful for investors and other stakeholders.
Minimum remuneration: Independent directors must get minimum remuneration of Rs 5 lakh
per annum and sitting fee of Rs 20,000-50,000 for each board meet. It should be mandatory for
firms to seek public shareholders’ approval for annual remuneration of executive directors from
promoter family if amount is above Rs 5 crore or 2.5% of firm’s net profit.
In case of more than one such director, same condition should apply for aggregate annual
remuneration exceeding 5% of the net profit. The approval of shareholders must be required every
year in which annual remuneration payable to single non-executive director exceeds 50% of total
annual remuneration payable to all non-executive directors.
Risk management and IT committee: Top-500 listed companies should have risk management
committee of boards for cyber security. In addition, listed entities must constitute an information
technology committee that will focus on digital and technological aspects.
Gauri Lankesh becomes first Indian to win Anna Politkovskaya Award
October 7, 2017
Late Kannada journalist Gauri Lankesh awarded a prestigious Reach All Women in WAR (RAW in
WAR) Anna Politkovskaya Award. She will share this award with Gulalai Ismail, a Pakistani peace
activist who has faced death threats for speaking out against Taliban.
With this Gauri Lankesh becomes first person from India to receive this prestigious honour. She
was a strident critic of religious extremism and was shot dead on September 5, 2017 in Bengaluru,
Karnataka.
Gauri Lankesh
Lankesh had worked as an editor in Lankesh Patrike, a Kannada weekly started by her father P.
Lankesh, and ran her own weekly called Gauri Lankesh Patrike. She was an outspoken newspaper
editor and often wrote about religious violence, malaise of India’s hierarchical caste system and
criticised the rise of hardline Hindu groups.
Anna Politkovskaya Award
Anna Politkovskaya Award is given in memory of slain Russian reporter and political activist
Anna Politkovskaya, a Russian investigative reporter and activist who uncovered state corruption
and rights abuses, especially in Chechnya. It is presented annually by Reach All Women in War
(the RAW in WAR organisation) and honours women human rights defenders from around world.
This year marks 11th anniversary of killing of Anna Politkovskaya who was shot dead in lobby of
her Moscow apartment block at age of 48 on October 7, 2006. RAW in WAR is a London-based,
non-governmental organisation (NGO) supporting women human rights defenders and victims of

war.
CBDT signs 2 more APAs with taxpayers
October 7, 2017
The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has signed two more advance pricing agreements
(APAs) in September 2017 with Indian taxpayers in order to reduce litigation by providing
certainty in transfer pricing.
The two signed APAs pertain to automobile and healthcare consulting sectors. They include
provision of IT enabled services (ITES), provision of software development services and provision
of engineering design services.
With this, total number of APAs entered into by CBDT till date has reached 177. This includes 164
unilateral APAs and 13 bilateral APAs. So far, in current financial year, total of 25 APAs (2 bilateral
and 23 unilateral) were signed.
Advance Pricing Agreements (APAs)
CBDT’s APA scheme aims to provide certainty to taxpayers in domain of transfer pricing by
specifying methods of pricing and setting prices of international transactions in advance. It helps
in determining arm’s length price of international transactions in advance for maximum period of
five future years.
The APA provisions were introduced in Income Tax Act in 2012 and `rollback` provision to pull
out of it was introduced in 2014. Its objective is to strengthen government`s resolve of fostering
non-adversarial tax regime. Under Bilateral APA, certainty in tax treatment is provided for next 5
years while rollback provides dispute redressal for maximum of four past years preceding APA
years.
First Meeting of India-Australia Joint Steering Committee held in New Delhi
October 7, 2017
The First Meeting of India-Australia Joint Steering Committee (JSC) was held in New Delhi. The
delegations for the meeting was led by TVSN Prasad, Additional Secretary, Union Ministry of
Home Affairs andStephen Bouwhuis, First Assistant Secretary, International and Auscheck
Division, Criminal Justice Group, Attorney-General’s Department.
Key Facts
During JSC meeting both countries discussed scope for cooperation in counter-terrorism and
checking extremism and radicalization besides steps to check illegal financial transactions and
counterfeiting and cybercrimes.
They also discussed issues related to human trafficking and people smuggling, combating illegal
drug trafficking and sharing information between law enforcement agencies were also discussed.
They also agreed to pursue further agenda for cooperation in specific areas with meetings of
operational Joint Working Groups (JWGs) involving concerned agencies.
Background
The first JSC meeting was follow-up to Memoranda of Understanding (MoU) on Cooperation in
Combating International Terrorism and Transnational Organized Crime signed between both
countries during visit of Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull to India in April 2017.
US approves first test to screen Zika virus in donated blood
October 7, 2017
United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved ‘Cbas Zika test’ for detecting
Zika virus in donated blood. It is first of kind test approved by FDA for detecting Zika virus in

donated blood.
The cobas Zika test is manufactured by Roche Molecular Systems Inc. It is intended for use by
blood collection establishments to detect Zika virus in blood donations and not for individual
diagnosis of Zika virus infection.
Cobas Zika test
It is qualitative nucleic acid test for detection of Zika virus RNA in individual plasma specimens
obtained from volunteer donors of whole blood and blood components and from living organ
donors. It has shown more than 99% clinical specificity, in earlier evaluation for testing individual
samples from blood donations at five external laboratories
Zika virus
Zika virus is vector borne disease transmitted primarily by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, the same
mosquito that transmits dengue. It can also spread through blood transfusion and sexual contact.
The virus is capable of causing serious birth defects i.e. neurological disorders and foetal
deformation known as Microcephaly in which infants are born with abnormally smaller heads.
Besides a possible link between virus and Guillain-Barré syndrome (a condition in which the
body’s immune system attacks part of the nervous system) is also suspected.
There is no specific treatment or vaccine currently available to treat Zika. The best form of
prevention is protection against mosquito bites and clearing stagnant water where mosquitoes
breed.
Scientists develop smart bandage to promote better, faster healing
October 7, 2017
Scientists from US have developed a smart bandage that can precisely control dose and delivery
schedule of medication tailored for a specific type of wound, leading to faster healing.
This is the first bandage that is capable of dose-dependent drug release and can be used to heal
chronic wounds or battlefield injuries. Moreover, this platform can be applied to many different
areas of biomedical engineering and medicine.
Smart Bandage
The smart bandage consists of electrically conductive fibres coated in a gel that can be
individually loaded with infection-fighting antibiotics, painkillers, tissue-regenerating growth
factors or other medications. It has microcontroller having size of postage stamp, which can be
triggered by smartphone or other wireless device. When it is triggered, microcontroller sends
small amounts of voltage through a chosen fibre which heats fibre and its hydrogel, releasing
whatever cargo it contains.
Bacteria can spread antibiotic resistance through soil: study
October 7, 2017
Researchers including one of Indian origin from North Carolina State University in US have found
that antibiotic resistance can be passed between bacteria found in the soil. They also have found
that spreading manure on ground as fertiliser can also spread antibiotic resistance to bacteria in
the soil.
Reasons for spread of antibiotic resistance through soil
Bacteria contain small DNA molecules known as plasmids. These plasmids are separate from
bacterias actual DNA and can pick up and exchange genes between bacteria. Thus, these plasmids
in bacterias are responsible for antibiotic resistance in soil also.

What researchers found?

The researcher’s observation was based on soil samples taken from swine farm prior to and for
three weeks after spreading of manure. They tested manure for antibiotic resistant strains of
salmonella, a pathogen responsible for causing highest number of bacterial food borne illnesses in
US every year. After sampling soil, researchers found that antibiotic-resistant salmonella bacteria
were still present in manure up to 21 days after it had been spread. They discovered that
particular plasmid associated with antibiotic-resistant salmonella from manure which weighed
around 95 kilo-base (kb), was turning up in different salmonella serotypes from soil samples and
every serotype with plasmid 95 kb was now resistant to antibiotics.
Antibiotic resistance
Antibiotics are medicines used to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance
occurs when bacteria change in response to use of these medicines. Antibiotic resistance occurs
naturally, but misuse of antibiotics in humans and animals is accelerating the process. Poor
infection prevention and control further accelerate it.
Home Ministry forms study group to examine problems people residing in border areas
October 7, 2017
The Union Home Ministry has formed study group to examine various problems faced by people
residing near International Border (IB) and Line of Control (LOC) in Jammu and Kashmir in wake
of regular ceasefire violations by Pakistan. It will be headed by Rina Mitra, Special Secretary in
Home Ministry.
Composition of study group
Its members are principal secretary (Home) in J&K Government, divisional commissioner of
Jammu and divisional commissioner of Srinagar. Joint secretary (J&K) in Home Ministry is
member-secretary of group.
Terms of References
The group will meet people living in border areas of Jammu & Kashmir, district administration
officials, security forces deployed there and local public representatives and submit its report
within two months. It will prepare a detailed report of issues being faced by public living near IB
and LOC and submit recommendations for remedial action to be taken to address these issues.
Background
India shares a 3,323 km long border with Pakistan of which 221 km is IB and 740 km is LOC in
Jammu & Kashmir. In recent times, there has been sharp increase in ceasefire violations by
Pakistan. Till August 2017 there were 285 violations by Pakistani forces while the number was 228
for entire 2016 year.
October 9, 2017
Government launches Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan in Gujarat
October 9, 2017
Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan
(PMGDISHA) at Gandhinagar in Gujarat.
PMGDISHA is expected to make 6 crore rural households digitally literate by March 2019, making
it one of the largest digital literacy programmes in the world.
Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan
PMGDISHA aims at imparting digital literacy to citizens in rural areas free of cost. It aims to
provide access to information, knowledge, education, and healthcare. It will create avenues for

livelihood generation and financial inclusion through digital payments and help bridge the digital
divide.
It is expected to reach around 40% rural households in country by March 2019. Under it, people in
rural area will be trained to operate a computer, tablet, smartphones, etc and how to access the
Internet, government services, undertake digital payment, compose e-mails, etc. The marginalised
sections of society like SCs/STs, Minorities, BPL familiers, differently-abled (divyangs) all will be a
part of this scheme.
Air pollution affects children’s memory: Study
October 9, 2017
According to study published in journal Environmental Pollution, exposure to air pollution can
have damaging effects on children’s cognitive development and reduce their working memory.
The study has assessed impact of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon— a pollutant
directly related to traffic during walking commute to and from school.
Key Facts
The study findings show that 20% of child’s daily dose of black carbon is inhaled during urban
commutes. These short exposures to very high concentrations of pollutants can have a
disproportionately high impact on health. The detrimental effects may be particularly marked in
children because of their smaller lung capacity and higher respiratory rate.
Statistical analysis of findings also showed that exposure to PM2.5 and black carbon (BC) causes
reduction in growth of working memory. The interquartile range increase in PM 2.5 and black
carbon levels were associated with a decline of working memory by 4.6% and 3.9%, respectively, in
expected annual growth.
GST council constitutes GoM to review GST Composition Scheme
October 9, 2017
The GST Council has constituted a Group of Ministers (GoM) to make the composition scheme
more attractive and revisit the goods and services tax rates on restaurants. It will be headed by
Assam Finance Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma and submit its report in two weeks.
Committee’s role
It will examine steps to make it more attractive as only 15.50 lakh businesses out of total 98 lakh
have registered under GST regime opting for composition scheme. Businesses with turnover of up
to Rs. 1 crore can opt for composition scheme and pay taxes in range of 1-5% and file returns
quarterly.
It will look into whether turnover of exempted goods can be excluded from total turnover
threshold for levying tax under scheme. It will examine whether scheme can be extended to
taxpayers dealing in inter-state supplies of goods and whether the manufacturers opting for it can
be given the benefit of input tax credit.
It is also been tasked to revisit tax structure of different categories of restaurants in order to
rationalise or reduce rates. Currently, GST is levied at 12% on non-AC restaurants and 18% on air-
conditioned ones. It will examine whether AC restaurants pass on benefit of cost reduction under
GST to consumers and if they don’t, whether they be disallowed input tax credit claims.
Composition scheme
It is an alternative method of levy of tax designed for small taxpayers whose turnover is up to Rs
75 lakh (Rs 50 lakh in case of 8 north-eastern states and hilly state of Himachal Pradesh). Its
objective is to bring simplicity and reduce compliance cost for small taxpayers. It is optional

under which manufacturers other than those of pan masala, tobacco and ice cream products have
to pay 2% tax on their annual turnover. The tax rate is 5% for restaurant services and 1% for
traders.
As per Central GST Act, businesses are eligible to opt for composition scheme if person is not
engaged in any inter-state outward supplies of goods and not into making any supply of goods
through e-commerce operator who is required to collect tax at source.
While regular taxpayer has to pay taxes on monthly basis, composition supplier is required to file
only one return and pay taxes on a quarterly basis. Composition taxpayer is not required to keep
detailed records that normal taxpayer is supposed to maintain.
Government launches sovereign gold bond scheme 2017-18 – Series-III
October 9, 2017
The Union Government in consultation with Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has launched Sovereign
Gold Bonds 2017-18 – Series-III. The applications for bond will be accepted from October 09, 2017
to December 27, 2017.
The bonds will be sold through banks, Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited, designated
post offices and recognised stock exchanges namely the NSE and BSE.
Sovereign Gold Bonds
These bonds were launched under umbrella sovereign gold bond scheme in November 2015 with
an objective to reduce demand for physical gold and shift part of domestic savings, used for
purchase of gold, into financial savings. It also aims to ease pressure on the country’s trade
balance as India’s imports are dominated by crude oil and gold by converting gold into a
productive asset.
Features of Sovereign Gold Bonds
Denomination: The bonds are denominated in units of one gram of gold and multiples thereof.
Minimum investment in bonds is one gram. These bonds will be available both in demat and paper
form.
Maximum limit: It will be of 4 kg for individual and HUF (Hindu Undivided Family) and 20 kg for
trusts and similar entities per fiscal notified by government from time to time.
Issue price: It will be fixed in Rupees on basis of simple average of closing price of gold of 999
purity published by the India Bullion and Jewellers Association Limited for the last 3 business
days of week preceding the subscription period. To promote digital payment, issue price of the
gold bonds will be 50 rupees per gram less for those who subscribe online and pay through digital
mode.
Interest rate: The investors will be compensated at a fixed rate of 2.50% per annum payable semi-
annually on the nominal value.
Tenor: It is of 8 years period with exit option from 5th year can exercised on the interest payment
dates.
Collateral: The bonds can be used as collateral for loans. The loan-to-value (LTV) ratio will be set
equal to ordinary gold loan mandated by RBI from time to time. These bonds will be also tradable
on stock exchanges.
Tax treatment: The interest on Gold Bonds shall be taxable as per provision of Income Tax Act,
1961 (43 of 1961). The capital gains tax on it has been exempted.

VAJRA Scheme: Government receives 260 applicants for visiting researcher programme
October 9, 2017
The Union Ministry of Science and Technology’s Visiting Advanced Joint Research (VAJRA)
Faculty Scheme has received 260 applications from foreign scientists of whom 70 will be
shortlisted.
The scheme is meant to attract top international talent to country’s research and development
(R&D) ecosystem. The applicants will be screened now and the shortlisted scientists will begin
work by December 2017.
VAJRA Scheme
The pilot project of the scheme was launched by Department of Science and Technology (DST) in
May 2017. The Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), a statutory body of DST is
implementing the scheme. It intends to select 1,000 scientists every year.
The DST will look for scientists with experience in fields of renewable energy, water and other
technology in which Indian lack expertise. Public funded academic institutions and national
laboratories are eligible to host VAJRA faculties. The residency period will be for minimum of
month and maximum of three months.
These institutions should appoint them as adjunct visiting faculty and involve them in co-guiding
and mentoring students and developing collaborative programmes. The faculty can also be
allowed to participate in other academic activities.
The applications received from interested foreign researchers will be evaluated by Selection
Committee of eminent scientists. The Committee will meet twice a year in January and July and
make recommendations.
NMCG approves Eight Projects under Namami Gange Programme
October 9, 2017
The Executive Committee of National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) has approved eight
projects worth Rs. 700 crore under Namami Gange Programme
The four projects pertain to sewage management in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal, three
are related to treatment of drains through bio-remediation and one related to inventorization and
surveillance of Ganga River.
Approved projects
Pollution abatement works: Projects like interception, diversion and treatment of sewage in
Bithoor have been approved.
Sewage management: The project has been approved in Ganga River at Bally in West Bengal for
construction of 40 MLD STP under Hybrid Annuity based PPP model among other works.
Similarly, construction of 65 MLD STP under Hybrid Annuity model has been approved for
Bhagalpur in Bihar. In Uttar Pradesh, the project is approved for construction of two STPs (28
MLD + 05 MLD) in Farrukabad and one 2 MLD STP at Bargadiya drain in Fatehpur.
Treatment of drains using bio-remediation technology: Three projects were approved at ajapur
drain and Digha drain in Patna and Laksar drain in Haridwar.
Pollution inventorization, assessment and surveillance Project: It aims to strengthen
environmental regulation and water quality monitoring vis-à-vis river Ganga.
National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG)
NMCG is implementation wing of National Council for Rejuvenation, Protection and Management

of River Ganga (also referred as National Ganga Council). It was established in 2011 as a registered
society under Societies Registration Act, 1860.
It has a two tier management structure and comprises of Governing Council and Executive
Committee. Both of them are headed by Director General (DG), NMCG. Executive Committee is
authorized to approve projects under mission up to Rs.1000 crore.
Similar to structure at national level, State Programme Management Groups (SPMGs) acts as
implementing arm of State Ganga Committees. This structure attempts to bring all stakeholders
on one platform to take a holistic approach towards the task of Ganga cleaning and rejuvenation.
Government launches Intensified Mission Indradhanush
October 9, 2017
The Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has launched Intensified Mission Indradhanush
(IMI) to accelerate full immunization coverage to more than 90% by December 2018.
Through this programme, Government aims to reach each and every child under two years of age
and all those pregnant women who have been left uncovered under the routine immunisation
programme.
Intensified Mission Indradhanush
IMI programme aims at reducing maternal and child mortality by reaching out to each and every
child under two years of age and all pregnant women who have been left uncovered under routine
immunisation programme. Its focus is on improving immunization coverage in select districts
and cities to ensure full immunization to more than 90% by December 2018.
IMI will provide greater focus on urban areas and other pockets of low immunization coverage.
IMI drive will be spread over 7 working days starting from 7th of every month.
Special strategies have been devised for effective implementation of IMI which includes inter-
ministerial and inter-departmental coordination, action based review mechanism and rigorous
monitoring of the programme.
It devises convergence mechanism of ground level workers of various departments like ANMs,
Anganwadi workers, ASHAs, Zila preraks under National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM), self-
help groups for better coordination and effective implementation of the programme.
Moreover, it also has appreciation and awards mechanism to recognize districts reaching more
than 90% coverage. The criteria under it, include best practices and media management during
crisis. Certificate of Appreciation will be given to acknowledge contribution of partners/Civil
Society Organization (CSOs) and others.
Implementation of IMI will be closely monitored at the district, state and central level at regular
intervals. It would be reviewed by Cabinet Secretary at National level and will be monitored at
highest level under a special initiative Proactive Governance and Timely Implementation
(PRAGATI).
Mission Indradhanush
Mission Indradhanush was launched in December 2014. It aimed to fully immunize more than 90%
of children under age of 2 years, as well as all pregnant women, against seven vaccine preventable
diseases. These diseases are diphtheria, whooping cough, poliomyelitis, tetanus, tuberculosis,
measles and Hepatitis B. In addition vaccines for Japanese Encephalitis and Haemophilus
influenzae type B are also being provided Rubella, Injectable Polio Vaccine Bivalent and Rotavirus
are also provided in selected states.

Richard H. Thaler wins 2017 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences

October 9, 2017
American economist Richard H. Thaler has won 2017 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for his
contributions to behavioural economics. He will receive 9-million-kronor ($1.1-million) prize.
Thaler is Professor of Behavioral Science and Economics at University of Chicago Booth School of
Business. He is co-author (with Cass R. Sunstein) of global best seller Nudge (2008) in which
concepts of behavioral economics are used to tackle many of society’s major problems.
Richard H. Thaler’s Contribution
He has done pioneering work to bridge gap between economics and psychological analyses of
individual decision-making. He has incorporated psychologically realistic assumptions into
analyses of economic decision-making. He has brought to prominence idea of “nudge” economics,
where humans are subtly guided toward beneficial behaviors without heavy-handed compulsion
His empirical findings and theoretical insights have been instrumental in creating new and
rapidly expanding field of behavioural economics, which has profound impact on many areas of
economic research and policy. He has shown how human traits systematically affect individual
decisions as well as market outcomes, by exploring consequences of limited rationality, social
preferences, and lack of self—control.
Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences
The economics prize, officially called Sveriges Riksbank (Swedish National Bank) Prize in
Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel was established in 1968. It was not part of the
original group of awards set out in dynamite tycoon Alfred Nobel’s 1895 will. 2016 prize was
shared by Oliver Hart and Bengt Holmström for their contributions to contract theory. Indian
economist Amartya Sen had won Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1998 for his contributions
to welfare economics.


October 10, 2017

Government imposes anti-dumping duty on certain Chinese steel products
October 10, 2017
The Union Finance Ministry has imposed anti-dumping duty on imports of certain steel wire rods
from China for five years to guard interest of domestic players from cheap in-bound shipments.
The duty will be difference between landed value of steel products and US $535 per tonne while
for others, it should be gap between landed value and US $546 per tonne. Steel wire rod products
are used in many sectors such as automotive components, railway, engineering and construction.
Background
It was imposed based on recommendations of Commerce Ministry’s Directorate General of Anti-
Dumping and Allied Duties (DGAD). In its findings, DGAD concluded that ‘wire rod of alloy or non-
alloy steel’ exported from China to India is below normal value due to which domestic industry
has suffered material injury. Finance Ministry
Already has slapped anti-dumping duty on certain cold-rolled flat steel products from four
nations, including China and South Korea.
Anti-dumping
Anti-dumping measures are taken to ensure fair trade and provide level-playing field to domestic
industry. They are not measure to restrict imports or cause unjustified increase in cost of
products. Countries initiate anti-dumping probes to determine if domestic industry has been hurt
by surge in below-cost imports. As a counter-measure, they impose antidumping duties under
multilateral WTO regime. In India, it is recommended by DGAD and imposed by Finance Ministry.
MoRTH to promote new technologies in highway projects
October 10, 2017
The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) has decided to implement “Value
Engineering Program” to promote use of new technologies, materials and equipment in highways
projects executed either under Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode or public funding mode.
Value Engineering Program
The objective of programme is to use innovative technology, materials and equipment to reduce
cost of projects and make them more environment friendly. It also aims to ensure that roads or
bridges and other assets get constructed much faster, are structurally stronger and more durable.
It is expected to increase speed of construction, reduce construction cost, increase asset durability
and improve aesthetics and safety.
National Panel of Experts (NPE)
The MoRTH also has reconstituted nine-member National Panel of Experts (NPE) for approving
proposals for use of new technologies, material and equipment in highway sector. The
reconstituted panel will be chaired by SR Tambe, former Secretary, PWD Maharashtra and co-
chaired by Prof Ravi Sinha, IIT Mumbai.
Terms of Reference of NPE
The NPE will examine all technical matters involving new technologies, materials and equipment
referred to it by concerned Engineers or contractors. It will also resolve technical issues which
arise as result of difference in view between engineers and contractors regarding implementation
of new and innovative technologies, materials and equipment.
It will also decide about need for field trials of any new or innovative technology, materials,
equipment before its adoption and also finalize associated design approaches, construction

methodologies as well as relevant specifications, guidelines, code so that contractor may use
proposed new, alternative materials, technologies, equipment in project highway.
India Water Week inaugurated by President
October 10, 2017
President Ram Nath Kovind inaugurated 5th edition of India Water Week (IWW) with theme
“Water and Energy for Inclusive Growth” in New Delhi. About 1500 delegates from India and 13
other countries will attend five day international event.
The event will be celebrated with a multi-disciplinary conference and a concurrently running
exhibition enriching theme and showcasing technologies and solutions available for areas under
deliberation of the meet. The event will have many major components like water, food and energy
security – essential requirement for sustainable development, water for inclusive growth, water
and society and sustainable energy development – Key for all round economic growth.
Background
Government is organising India Water Week since 2012 as an annual international event on order
to establish an international event focused on water resources of India. The first event was
organised in New Delhi in 2012 with theme ‘Water, Energy and Food Security: Call for Solutions’.
So far, four editions of India Water Week have been organised in 2012, 2013, 2015 and 2016. The
recommendations and action points emerged during earlier events of India Water Week have
been sent to all concerned Ministries of Central Government as well as all state governments for
their appropriate implementation.
Jagdish Mukhi sworn in as new Governor of Assam
October 10, 2017
Jagdish Mukhi was sworn in as new Governor of Assam. He was administered oath of office by
Gauhati High Court Chief Justice Ajit Singh.
Mr. Mukhi succeeded Banwarilal Purohit who has been appointed as the Governor of Tamil Nadu.
In his previous assignment, he had served as lieutenant governor of Andaman and Nicobar
Islands.
Jagdish Mukhi
Mukhi is former member of BJP and RSS. He had started his political career with Janata Party in
September of 1977. His first election success was in a 1980 by-election for the advisory Delhi
Metropolitan Council. He had represented Janak Puri constituency in Delhi Assembly
continuously from 1980 and has won seven continuous Vidhan Sabha elections from the same
constituency until losing the 2014.
He has held important ministerial positions including minister of Finance, Planning, Excise and
Taxation and Higher Education in Delhi government. He also had served as Leader of Opposition
for almost 10 years. He was awarded as best planning minister of nation by then Union planning
minister Pranab Mukherjee in 1997. Two times he was awarded with best MLA award in Delhi
Vidhan Sabha.
First BIMSTEC Disaster Management exercise held in New Delhi
October 10, 2017
The first BIMSTEC Disaster Management Exercise-2017 (DMEx-2017) was held in New Delhi, India
from October 10-13, 2017. It was conducted by National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) as the
lead agency in the National Capital Region (NCR).
The mandate of exercise was to provide platform for sharing best practices on all aspects of

Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), strengthening regional response and coordination for Disaster
Management among BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and
Economic Cooperation) member countries.
Key Facts
The main focus of BIMSTEC DMEx-2017 was to create synergy and synchronize efforts to
institutionalize regional cooperation and inter-governmental coordination efforts on disaster
response among Member States. About 135 delegates from all BIMSTEC member States
participated in the exercise.
The exercise also aimed to test region’s preparedness and resilience towards effective activation
of inter-Governmental interaction and agreements for immediate deployment of regional
resources for disaster response.
BIMSTEC DMEx-2017 objective was to help strengthen effective utilisation of Search & Rescue
Teams for Disaster Relief & Emergency Response, including Emergency Rapid Assessment Teams
and Management of mass casualties, especially in situations involving breakdown of
communication and infrastructure.
During the exercise simulated scenarios in areas of flood management and building collapse
search and rescue including Table Top Exercise (TTX), Field Training Exercise (FTX) and After
Action Review (AAR) were undertaken.
BIMSTEC
The BIMSTEC is sub-regional grouping comprising of seven countries of South Asia- India,
Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and South East Asia- Myanmar, Thailand. It is home to
around 1.5 billion people, constituting around 22% of global population with a combined GDP of
$2.7 trillion economy. Majority of the BIMSTEC countries are situated in South Asian Region (SAR)
prone to natural disasters such as floods, cyclones, earthquakes, avalanches and drought.
India ranks 8th in 2017 Valuable Nation Brand List
October 10, 2017
According to Brand Finance’s recently released Nation Brands 2017 report, India was ranked 8th
out of 100 countries on a list of most valuable nation brands. This year India slipped by one spot
compared to 7th rank in 2016 and ceded its previous spot to Canada.
Key Facts
Top 10 Valuable Nation brands are United States (1st), China (2nd), Germany (3rd), Japan (4th),
United Kingdom (5th), France (6th), Canada (7th), India (8th), Italy (9th) and South Korea (10th).
In terms of valuation, India’s National Brand Value in 2017 is $2.04 trillion, down by 1% from last
year’s $2.06 trillion. However, India’s brand rating has improved from ‘AA-‘ to ‘AA’. Despite rating
improvement, India has not feature in list of 10 best performing nation brands which is topped by
Iceland topped.
Asian nation brands are seeing a boom as Western countries stagnate. China is fastest growing
nation brand and has seen a record rise of $3.1 trillion. However, China’s nation brand value is half
of that of the United States.
Valuable Nation Brand List
World’s most valuable nation list released as part Nation Brands report by Brand Finance
measures strength and value of nation brands of 100 leading countries. Its method is based on
royalty relief mechanism employed to value the world’s largest companies. The valuation is based

on 5 year forecasts of sales of all brands in each nation and follows a complex process in which
Gross domestic product (GDP) is used as a proxy for total revenues.
Rajasthan: First state to incorporate skill development programme in higher education
October 10, 2017
Rajasthan became first state in the country to incorporate skill development programme in higher
education. In this regard, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) in collaboration with
state’s Department of College Education has prepared 16 courses for entrepreneurship and skill
development for colleges in the state.
Key Facts
Under the project, 12 certificates and 4 diploma courses will be run and each college will be
required to choose five courses. 94 colleges have already joined the project and 5656 students
have registered themselves in it. By next session, more than 10 thousand students will be enrolled
in the programmes. Under it, practical training of the students pursuing the skill development
courses will be done in different government departments.
India hosts International Conference on Dialogue of Civilizations – IV
October 10, 2017
The International conference on “Dialogue of Civilizations – IV” was inaugurated by Minister of
State (Independent Charge), Ministry of Culture Dr. Mahesh Sharma in New Delhi.
It has been organised by Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), under Union Ministry of Culture in
collaboration with National Geographic Society (NGS). It will be held from October 8 –15, 2017 at
Delhi, Gandhinagar and Dholavira.
Key Facts
The purpose of conference is to encourage scholarly and public discourse about five ancient,
literate civilizations of the world, i.e. South Asia, Egypt, Mesopotamia, China and Mesoamerica. It
also aims to encourage study of the past to share our present and future towards the right
direction.
The present conference is the fourth in this series, with the final dialogue planned in Egypt. The
first conference of this series was inaugurated in Guatemala in 2013 followed by Turkey in 2014
and China in 2015.
October 11, 2017
Nisha Biswal appointed as President of USIBC
October 11, 2017
Former US Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central Asia Nisha Desai Biswal was
appointed as President of US-India Business Council (USIBC).
USIBC is a forum of US businesses part of US Chamber of Commerce (USCC), the largest lobbying
organisation in the country that wields real political power in Washington.
Nisha Biswal
Nisha Biswal is Indian-American who was Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central
Asian Affairs from 2014 to 2017. She was nominated for post by US President Barack Obama in
July 2013. Prior to that, she was Assistant Administrator for Asia at US Agency for International
Development (USAID).
Currently she is senior advisor for Albright Stonebridge Group, a global business strategy firm. At
ASG, she works with the India & South Asia practice. She had immigrated to US from India with
her parents.

US-India Business Council

US-India Business Council is premier business advocacy organization dedicated to strengthening
the economic and commercial relationship between US and India. Its primary mission is to serve
as the direct link between business and government leaders.
It aims to create inclusive bilateral trade environment between India and US by serving as voice of
industry, linking governments to businesses. It also aims at supporting long-term commercial
partnerships that will nurture spirit of entrepreneurship, create jobs, and successfully contribute
to global economy.
Japan launches fourth Michibiki satellite for hi-tech GPS
October 11, 2017
The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) successfully launched Michibiki-4 satellite
(QZSS-4) onboard of H-IIA rocket from Tanegashima Space Centre.
It was fourth satellite in Michibiki series i.e. Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), which is a
satellite-based high-precision global positioning system similar to US operated GPS. Moreover, it
was 36th H-IIA vehicle to be launched so far and fifth launch of an H-IIA rocket in 2017.
QZS-4 (Michibiki-4)
Michibiki-4 is third QZSS satellite to be launched in 2017 and once operational it will bring the
constellation of QZSS to its operating capacity of four until a planned expansion to 8 satellites
occurs around 2023.
Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS)
It is own version of GPS and is dubbed as Michibiki system. Michibiki means guidance in
Japanese. It is intended for civilian use, with a claimed positioning accuracy down to mere
centimetres. The QZSS constellation of 8 satellites will trace out a figure-8 pattern over Japan, the
Western Pacific, and Australia.
The Michibiki system can cover the Asia-Oceania region and works with the US-operated GPS to
provide higher level of precision than previously possible with fewer satellites in visible range. It
will become operation in 2018 with four satellites focusing on country and wider region. It will
provide global positioning and timing services across frequencies ranging from 1575.42 MHz to 2
GHz.
H-IIA rocket
The H-IIA rocket is Japanese large-scale launch vehicle. It was manufactured by Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries. The vehicle stands 53 meters tall and generates 1.7 million pounds-force (7,628
kilonewtons) of thrust at liftoff.
IMF lowers India’s growth forecast to 6.7 %
October 11, 2017
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) in its October World Economic Outlook (WEO) has lowered
India’s economic growth forecast at 6.7% in 2017 and 7.4% in 2018.
It is slower than 0.5 and 0.3 percentage points projected earlier by IMF. In April 2017 forecast, IMF
had revised upwards India’s growth performance for 2016 to 7.1% as opposed to 6.8%
Key facts
The report has cited impact of demonetisation and implementation of Goods and Services Tax
(GST) for expected slowdown during the current and the next year. It also held that India’s
slowdown is happening even as the world economy is picking up steam. But it expects revival of
growth in future due to structural reform.

India will regain fastest growing major economy tag next year when it is forecast to grow 7.4%,
slower than earlier estimate of 7.7% but higher than China’s 6.5%. It also expects that the Indian
economy to grow 8% in the medium term on the back of reforms undertaken so far.
Comment
IMF forecast is latest in series of downgrades in India’s growth prospects unveiled by other
multilateral agencies such as World Bank, Asian Development Bank (ADB) and OECD. Earlier, RBI
had lowered its growth forecast for 2017-18 to 6.7% from 7.3%.
World Economic Outlook (WEO)
The WEO is survey conducted and published by IMF. It is published biannually and partly updated
two times a year. It portrays the world economy in the near and medium context, with growth
projections for up to four years into the future. WEO forecasts include key macroeconomic
indicators, such as GDP, inflation, fiscal balance and current account of more than 180 countries
around the globe. It also deals with major economic policy issues.
Government to set up think tank for oil sector
October 11, 2017
The Union Government will soon get Cabinet approval for setting up of high-powered think tank
under Ministry of Petroleum to look into key issues related to oil and gas sector. Besides,
Petroleum Ministry also has send proposal to Union Cabinet for setting up domestic gas trading
hub to adopt better mechanism for price discovery of both domestic as well as imported gas.
Internal think tank
The think will give advice on technology, setting up a gas network, attracting more FDI in sector,
reducing India’s oil imports by 10%, and developing innovative new models of financing projects.
The members of think tank will include ICICI Bank MD and CEO Chanda Kocchar, New
Development Bank (NDB) chief K.V. Kamath, former Chairman of 13th Finance Commission Vijay
Kelkar, top officials from oil and gas majors from across world and officials from Ministry of
Petroleum and Natural Gas.
Domestic gas trading hub
Currently, price of natural gas in country is determined through a government-mandated formula
that links the local price to rates prevailing in gas-surplus nations. However, long-term contracts
for gas import are linked to crude oil.
Domestic gas trading hub will help to move gradually towards transparent price mechanism
determined through gas trading hub. It will help to reaffirming India’s resolve to cut carbon
intensity of its GDP and increase gas use in energy mix to 15% from the current 6.5% where India
lacks much behind world average of gas use in total energy consumption 24%.
Background
India imports almost 60% of its petroleum requirements. Currently, price of natural gas in
country is determined through government-mandated formula that links local price to rates
prevailing in gas-surplus nations. However, long-term contracts for import of gas are linked to
crude oil.
India is planning to shift towards gas-based economy, reduce greenhouse emissions and cut oil
import. Governing is doubling its network of pipelines to transport natural gas to 30,000 km
within next three-four years for shifting to gas-based economy.

SC criminalises sex with minor wife aged between 15 to 18 years

October 11, 2017
The Supreme Court has criminalised sex between man and his underage wife below 18 years
provided the woman files a complaint within a year. The landmark order fixes the age of consent
at 18 for all girls.
The apex court gave its order on a petition filed by NGO Independent Thought which had
challenged exception clause (2) in Section 375 IPC (which deals with rape).
What is the issue?
The clause (2) of Section 375 IPC had created dichotomy over age of consent as it says intercourse
or sexual act by a man with his wife, not below 15 years, is not rape. According to NGO
Independent Thought’s petition, this exception clause was against objectives of Prohibition of
Child Marriage Act (which sets 18 years as statutory marriageable age for girls) and also violation
of international conventions to which India was a signatory.
SC Verdict
The Supreme Court held that age of marriage was 18 in all laws and exception given in rape law
under clause (2) of Section 375 of IPC was arbitrary and was violates the rights of a girl child. It is
violates Article 14, 15 and 21 of the Constitution. Moreover it was contrary to the philosophy of
other statutes and violates the bodily integrity of a girl child. It asked the Centre and states to take
proactive steps to prohibit child marriage across country. The apex court also clarified that it has
not dealt with the issue of marital rape as it was not raised before it.
Anupam Kher appointed as Chairman of FTII
October 11, 2017
Veteran actor Anupam Kher (62) was appointed as new Chairman of the Film and Television
Institute of India (FTII) in Pune. He will succeed Gajendra Chauhan whose tenure ended in March
2017.
Earlier he had held post of chairman of the Central Board of Film Certification and the National
School of Drama in India. He is currently the chairman at Actor Prepares.
Anupam Kher
In span of his 35 years acting career, he has appeared in over 500 films and many plays. He is best
known for his roles in Saaransh, Daddy, Ram Lakhan, Lamhe, Khel, Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge,
Maine Gandhi Ko Nahin Mara and A Wednesday among others. He has also acted in international
films like Bend It Like Beckham, Bride and Prejudice, Silver Linings Playbook and The Big Sick. He
is recipient of the Padma Shri (2004) and Padma Bhushan (2016).
Film and Television Institute of India
FTII is premier institute in country that provides training for acting, film making, video editing,
direction and production. It is an autonomous body under Ministry of Information and
Broadcasting.It was established in 1960 and is situated in Pune on the premises of the erstwhile
Prabhat Film Company. Since its inception, FTII has become India’s premier film and television
institute. Its alumni have become technicians, actors and directors in the film and television
industry.
Cabinet approves change of status for marine body IALA
October 11, 2017
Union Cabinet approved status change of International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation
and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) from Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) to Inter-

Governmental Organization (IGO).

The move will bring IALA at par with International Maritime Organisation (IMO) and
International Hydrographic Organisation (IHO). Moreover, it will facilitate safe, economic and
efficient movement of vessels.
Background
In its 12th session held in La Coruna, Spain in May 2014, IALA General Assembly had adopted
resolution stating its firm belief that status of IALA from NGO to IGO will best facilitate lALA’s
aims in 21st century
International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA)
The IALA is an inter-governmental organization for collecting and providing nautical expertise
and advice. It was established in 1957 under French law and has headquarters at St. Germainen
Laye (France). It is governed by a General Assembly having 83 National members, with its Council
as the executive body.
The IALA council consists of 24 National Members including India which is represented through
Directorate General of Lighthouses and Lightships (DGLL), Ministry of Shipping. DGLL establishes
and maintains Aids to Navigation in general waters along coast of India including Lakshadweep
and Andaman & Nicobar group of islands, as per Lighthouse Act 1927.
Cabinet approves MoC between India and Japan to establish Liquid, Flexible and Global LNG
Market
October 11, 2017
The Union Cabinet approved signing of Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC) between India and
Japan on establishing a liquid, flexible and global Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Market.
The MoC provides framework to cooperate in facilitating flexibility in LNG contracts, explore
possibilities of cooperation in establishing reliable LNG spot price indices reflecting true LNG
demand and supply and abolition of Destination Restriction Clause.
The MoC aims to promote bilateral relationship between India and Japan in the energy sector. It
also seeks to contribute to the diversification of gas supplies for India to strengthen energy
security and provide more competitive prices for consumers.
Background
India and Japan are major consumers of energy in world. In LNG sector, Japan is world’s largest
importer and India is 4th largest importer. Under the Japan-India Energy Partnership Initiative
signed in January 2016, both countries had agreed to work together in promoting well-
functioning energy markets and affirmed to promote a transparent and diversified LNG market
through relaxation of Destination Restriction Clause.
October 12, 2017
October 11: International Day of the Girl Child
October 12, 2017
The International Day of the Girl Child is observed on October 11 every year across world to
recognize girls’ rights and the unique challenges girls face around the world. Observance of the
day seeks to increase awareness of gender inequality faced by girls worldwide based upon their
gender and supports more opportunity for girls. This year it was sixth edition of this day after it
was observed for first time in 2012.
The 2017 theme of the day is ‘EmPOWER girls: Before, during and after conflict’. It aims to end

humanitarian emergencies especially gender-based violence in which girls are more likely to be
subjected to sexual and physical violence, child marriage, exploitation and trafficking.
Background
The International Day of Girl Child (IDGC) was instituted by the United Nations General Assembly
(UNGA) by adopting Resolution moved by Canada in December 2011. The observation of day
supports more opportunity for girls. It also increases awareness of gender inequality faced by
girls worldwide based upon their gender. This inequality includes areas such as right to
education, nutrition, medical care, legal rights and protection from discrimination, violence and
unfree child marriage. It also calls for empowerment and improved rights of the world’s 1.1 billion
girls.
Cabinet approves MoC between India and Japan on Technical Intern Training Program
October 12, 2017
The Union Cabinet has approved signing of Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC) between India
and Japan on the Technical Intern Training Program (TITP). Decision in this regard was taken by
the Union Cabinet Meeting chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi.
Key Facts
The Technical Intern Training Program (TITP) is ambitious program to send Indian technical
interns to Japan for onjob training for a period of three to five years. It is expected that MoC will
pave way for bilateral cooperation between two countries in the area of skill development. The
MoC is expected to be signed during forthcoming visit of Minister for Skill Development &
Entrepreneurship on October, 16-18, 2017 at Tokyo.
44th Indian Handicrafts and Gifts-Delhi Fair inaugurated in New Delhi
October 12, 2017
The 44th edition of Indian Handicrafts and Gifts (IHGF)-Delhi Fair was held at India Expo Centre
and Mart on outskirts of Delhi in Greater Noida. It was organised by Export Promotion Council for
Handicrafts (EPCH) and was inaugurated by Union Textiles Minister Smriti Irani.
Key Facts
The five-day B2B IHGF Fair was biggest platform in National Capital Region (NCR) for promotion
of handicrafts business. It will showcase nearly three thousand exhibitors under 14 product
categories. More than 100 countries including US, UK, Russia, France, Germany, Italy, Argentina,
Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Japan and Korea are participating in the fair.
IHGF Delhi Fair
IHGF is amongst Asia’s largest gifts & handicrafts fair, held biannually (Spring & Autumn edition).
It is organised by Export Promotion Council for Handicrafts (EPCH). IHGF Autumn Fair has been
hallmark for growth of the Indian handicrafts sector for over 23 years. EPCH is India’s premier
export promotion organisation with 10000 member exporters. It is engaged in trade promotion of
handicrafts exports from India.
India’s first STP under Hybrid Annuity Mode to come up in Haridwar and Varanasi
October 12, 2017
India’s first Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) under Hybrid Annuity Mode will come up in Haridwar
(Uttarakhand) and Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh).
In this regard, a tripartite agreement was signed between National Mission for Clean Ganga
(NMCG) and state level executing agencies Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam and Uttarakhand Pey Jal
Nigam and with concessionaires.

Key Facts
The agreement is major step forward in realizing dream of Nirmal Ganga as it is first time ever in
India that Hybrid Annuity-based Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode is being applied in
sewerage sector. Under this agreement maintenance of project will be responsibility of
concessionaire. They will be paid based on performance in phased manner. This will ensure
continued performance of sewage infrastructure assets created due to better ownership,
accountability and optimal performance.
Hybrid Annuity Model
The Union Cabinet had approved to Hybrid Annuity-PPP model in January 2016 with 100% central
sector funding. Under this model, development, operation and maintenance of STPs will be
undertaken ba Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) created by winning bidder at local level.
As per this model, 40% of capital cost quoted will be paid on completion of construction while
remaining 60% cost will be paid over life of project as annuities along with operation and
maintenance cost (O&M) expenses. In this model, Annuity and O&M payments are linked to
performance of STP mainly to ensure continued performance of assets created due to better
accountability, ownership and optimal performance.
CCEA approves SANKALP & STRIVE Schemes to boost Skill India Mission
October 12, 2017
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved two World Bank supported
schemes Skills Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Promotion (SANKALP) and
Skill Strengthening for Industrial Value Enhancement (STRIVE) to boost Skill India Mission.
SANKALP is Rs 4455 crore centrally sponsored scheme including Rs 3300 crore loan support from
World Bank whereas STRIVE is Rs 2200 crore central sector scheme with half funding will be
World bank loan assistance.
STRIVE scheme
STRIVE scheme will incentivize ITIs to improve overall performance including apprenticeship by
involving SMEs (Small Scale Enterprises), business association and industry clusters. It will
develop robust mechanism for delivering quality skill development training by strengthening
institutions- National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC), State Skill Development Missions
(SSDMs), Sector Skill Councils, ITIs and National Skill Development Agency (NSDA) etc.
It will support universalization of National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF) including
National Quality Assurance Framework (NQAF) across skill development schemes. It will provide
required push to National Skill Development Mission 2015 and its various sub missions. It is also
aligned to flagship Government programs such as Make in India and Swachhta Abhiyan.
SANKALP scheme
SANKALP scheme envisages setting up of Trainers and Assessors academies with self-sustainable
models. Over 50 such academies are to be set up in priority sectors. It will leverage institutions for
trainingtrainers in both long and short term VET thereby bringing about convergence. Additional
trainer academies will also be set up.
It will focus on greater decentralization in skill planning by institutional strengthening at State
level which includes setting up of SSDMs and allow states to come up with State and District level
Skill Development Plans (SSDPDSDP).
It also aims at enhancement of inclusion of underprivileged and marginalized communities

including women, Scheduled Castes (SCs)/Schedule Tribes (STs) and Persons with Disabilities
(PWD). It will also develop a skilling ecosystem that will support the country’s rise in Ease of
Doing Business index.
Comment
SANKALP & STRIVE are outcome focused schemes aimed at institutional reforms and improving
quality & market relevance of skill development training programs in long and short term VET.
They will address need for national architecture for promoting convergence, ensuring effective
governance and regulation of skill training in vocational training space. They also have
mechanism for national bodies for accreditation & certification for regulation, accreditation and
certification in both long and short term VET.
First Meeting of EAC-PM held in New Delhi
October 12, 2017
The first-ever meeting of newly-constituted Economic Advisory Council to Prime Minister (EAC-
PM) was held at NITI Aayog, in New Delhi. It was chaired by Dr. Bibek Debroy, Member NITI
Aayog.
The meeting took stock of the current economic, fiscal and monetary policy environment and
identified key issues that it would focus on. It identified major priorities for accelerating economic
growth and employment over tnext six months, with greater last mile connectivity.
Ten identified themes
The EAC-PM identified ten themes around which Council Report will be structured in the coming
months The ten themes identified are Economic Growth, Employment and job creation, fiscal
framework, informal sector and integration, public expenditure, monetary policy, institutions of
Economic Governance, Patterns of Consumption & Production, Agriculture & Animal Husbandry and
Social Sector.
The EAC-PM also developed Theme Groups led by its members, through consultative processes
involving sectoral Ministries, States, experts, institutions, private sector and other key
stakeholders. It also recognized for effective tracking of key economic parameters, through
possible mechanisms for instituting Economy Track Monitor, using lead indicators and triggers
for action, based on informed assessment and analysis.
EAC-PM
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has constituted five member EAC-PM in September 2017 as an
independent body to provide advice on economic issues to the government, specifically to the
Prime Minister. It consists of economists of high repute and eminence. It serves as an
independent institutional mechanism, to provide informed advice to the Prime Minister on
addressing issues of macroeconomic importance and related aspects.
Global Hunger Index 2017: India ranks 100th among 119 nations
October 12, 2017
India ranked 100th position among 119 countries on Global Hunger Index (GHI) 2017 report
released by Washington-based International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). This year
slipped by three positions as compared to 97th rank in 2016 GHI.
Global Hunger Index (GHI)
GHI is multidimensional measure that describes state of hunger situation on regional, national
and global level. It is published annually by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
since 2006. It ranks countries on a 0 to 100-point scale calculated by taking into account four

indicator parameters. Zero means best score (no hunger) and 100 is worst.
The four parameters are (i) Undernourished population (1/3rd weight), (ii) Child wasting (1/6th
weight), (iii) Child stunting (1/6th weight) and (iii) Infant mortality rate (1/3rd weight). In this case
stunting means deficiency in height in relation to age, reflects chronic undernutrition and
wasting means low weight in relation to a child’s height, reflects acute undernutrition.
2017 GHI Highlights
India Related Facts: In 2017 GHI, India scored 31.4 and was placed in high end of “serious”
category. India low ranking also influences South Asia’s regional score as three quarters of South
Asia’s population reside in India.
India’s neighbours ranking are Nepal (72), Myanmar (77), Bangladesh (88), Sri Lanka (84) and China
(29)—except Pakistan (106) and Afghanistan (107). Even North Korea (93) and Iraq (78) fared better
in hunger parameters and GHI rankings,
More than 20% of Indian children under the age of five have lower weight in relation to their
height and about 33% are too short in relation to their age. Despite India being world’s second
largest food producer it has second highest under-nourished population in the world.
Africa hasworst score: The Central African Republic (CAR) has the highest GHI score and has
been categorised as “extremely alarming”. It is followed by Chad, Sierra Leone, Madagascar and
Zambia.
October 13, 2017
INS Satpura, Kadmatt participates in Passage Exercise in Japan
October 13, 2017
Indian Naval Ships Satpura and Kadmatt participated in Passage Exercise (PASSEX) with Japanese
Marine Self Defence Force (JMSDF) held at Sasebo, Japan. These ships are participating in the
exercise in pursuance of India’s Act East Policy and demonstration of India’s commitment to
peace and stability in Indo-Pacific Region. The visiting Indian Naval ships engaged with JMSDF in
formal calls and also professional, social and sporting interactions.
Comment
The visit of these ships is part India’s initiatives to strengthen long standing, mutually supportive
and strong relationship between Japan and India which spans across wide spectrum of cultural,
spiritual, economic and security relations.
Background
Naval ties between India and Japan have reached new heights with bilateral and multilateral
exercises since first ‘Navy to Navy Staff Talks’ between two nations in November 2008. Since
then, naval ties have enhanced to cooperation in information sharing, meteorology and
oceanography, disaster management and military training.
The defence and security interaction also expanded to encompass Defence Policy Dialogue and a
Maritime Affairs Dialogue. Regular bilateral and multilateral maritime exercises are foundation
for strong naval relations between both countries. The erstwhile Japan–India Maritime Exercise
(JIMEX) led to Japan participating in ‘MALABAR’ exercise (a tripartite naval exercise between
India, US and Japan) since 2014.
October 13: International Day for Disaster Reduction
October 13, 2017
The International Day for Disaster Reduction (IDDR) is observed every year on October 13 to

promote a global culture of risk-awareness and disaster reduction. The observance of day seeks to
encourage citizens and governments to take part in building more disaster resilient communities
and nations.
It also celebrates how people and communities around world are reducing their exposure to
disasters and raising awareness about the importance of reining in risks that they face. It also
seeks to spread awareness about reining risks of disasters around world and also reduce exposure
of people and communities to disasters.
The 2017 theme is “Home Safe Home: Reducing Exposure, Reducing Displacement”. It seeks to raise
global awareness about effective actions, policies and practices taken to reduce exposure to
disaster risk at community level, thereby contributing to saving homes and livelihoods.
Background
The International Day for Disaster Reduction was instituted by UN General Assembly (UNGA) in
1989 to promote a global culture of risk-awareness and disaster reduction. Earlier, this day was
celebrated annually on the second Wednesday of October. But in 2009, the UNGA formally
designated 13 October as the annual date by adopting Resolution 64/200.
IIP rises to 9-month high of 4.3% in August 2017
October 13, 2017
According to data released by Central Statistics Office (CSO), factory output measured in terms of
Index of Industrial Production (IIP) has grown nine-month high to 4.3% in August 2017. This was
mainly due to a robust performance of the mining and power sectors.
Key Facts
The manufacturing sector output grew 3.1% in August 2017, mining sector output surged 9.4%
and electricity generation increased 8.3%. Production of capital good rose 5.4% in August 2017.
Consumer durables output increased 1.6% and consumer non-durables output rose 6.9% in August
2017.
Index of Industrial Production (IIP)
The IIP is composite indicator that measures short-term changes in volume of production of
basket of industrial products during given period with respect to chosen base period. It is
compiled and published monthly by Central Statistical Organization (CSO), Ministry of Statistics
and Programme Implementation.
The CSO had revised base year of IIP from 2004-05 to 2011-12 in May 2017 to capture structural
changes in economy and improve quality and representativeness of indices. The revised IIP
(2011-12) reflects changes in industrial sector and also aligns it with base year of other
macroeconomic indicators like Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
The IIP covers 407 item groups. Sector wise these items falls into 3 categories viz. Manufacturing
(405 items), Mining (1 items) & Electricity (1 item). The weights of three sectors are 77.63%, 14.37%,
7.9% respectively. The revised eight core Industries have combined weightage of 40.27% in IIP.
Two Experimental Ebola vaccines found safe, effective in human trial
October 13, 2017
The clinical trials of two experimental Ebola vaccines cAd3-EBOZ and rVSV-ZEBOV were found to
be safe and capable of eliciting immune response against Ebola virus that lasts for at least one
year.
The findings were based on a study of clinical trials on 1,500 adults that began during West Africa

Ebola outbreak. Three groups of 500 volunteers received one of the vaccine candidates or a
placebo (saline injection).
Key Facts
During clinical trials, it was observed that responses to both vaccine candidates were modest at
one week. However, by one month, 71% of cAd3-EBOZ recipients and 84% of rVSV-ZEBOV
recipients developed an antibody response compared to 3% of placebo recipients.
These trials have yielded valuable information for development of these two Ebola vaccine
candidates and also demonstrated that well-designed, ethically sound clinical research can be
conducted during an epidemic. These safe and effective Ebola vaccines will play important role in
controlling inevitable future Ebola outbreaks in addition to existing classical public health
measures.
Ebola virus disease (EVD)
EVD is viral hemorrhagic fever of humans and other primates caused by ebola viruses. It was first
identified in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in a village near the Ebola River,
from which it takes its name. The virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in
human population through human-to-human transmission. Fruit bats are natural host of this
virus. It spreads through contact with body fluids of inflected persons such as blood, urine and
saliva.
It also spreads through sexual transmission. Symptoms of EVD are high fever, bleeding and
central nervous system damage. The average EVD case fatality rate is around 50%. However, in
past outbreaks case fatality rates have varied from 25% to 90%. In 2014, Ebola virus had erupted
periodically mainly across west and east Africa mainly in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. It was
the deadliest outbreak of the virus in the history which had killed 11,000 people.
US withdraws from UNESCO accusing it for anti-Israel bias
October 13, 2017
The United States has announced its withdrawal from Paris-based United Nations Scientific and
Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), UN’s cultural agency accusing the body of anti-Israel bias.
Besides US, Israel has also decided to pull out of UNESCO. US withdrawal will take effect on
December 31, 2018. Until then, it will remain a full member. US has announced to establish an
observer mission to replace its representation at UNESCO.
Background
USA and UNESCO were at loggerheads since 2011, after UNESCO had admitted Palestinian
territories to the organization as an independent member-state called Palestine. UNESCO was
first UN agency to recognise and admit Palestine as full member. The recognition was against US
policy in Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
This was against US’s law which cut off its funding for any organization that recognizes
independent Palestine. The US had previously paid for 22% ($80 million) of UNESCO’s annual
budget. UNESCO in 2013, had suspended US voting rights in its core decision-making bodies after
US missed several rounds of payments to UNESCO.
United Nations Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)
UNESCO is UN organization that helps preserve historical and cultural sites worldwide. It is
special multi-country agency, formed in 1945 and based in France. It promotes literacy and sex
education as well as improving gender equality in countries around the world. It is also known for

recognising world heritage sites and work to preserve cultural and heritage sites such as ancient
ruins, villages and temples, and historic sites.
IWAI raises Rs. 660 crore through Bonds
October 13, 2017
The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) has raised Rs. 660 crore as Fully Serviced Bonds.
The oversubscribed bonds were issued through e-bidding on BSE Portal and the entire amount of
Rs.660 crore was raised in single tranche at a coupon rate of 7.47%.
Key Facts
The proceeds from these bonds will be utilized by IWAI exclusively for capital expenditure for
development of National Waterways (NWs) under National Waterway Act, 2016 during 2017-18.
The principal and interest on these bonds will be financed by budgetary provisions in demand for
grants of Ministry of shipping. The interest payment will be on semi-annual basis and the
principal on maturity. Prior to raising bonds, IWAI had engaged arrangers, credit rating agencies,
registrars and trustees. Both CRISIL and CARE rated proposed bonds of IWAI as “AAA: STABLE”.
Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
IWAI is the statutory body in charge of the waterways in India. Its headquarters is located in
Noida, UP. Its main function is to build the necessary infrastructure in the inland waterways,
surveying the economic feasibility of new projects and also carrying out administration and
regulation.
Government launches Sampoorna Bima Gram Yojana
October 13, 2017
The Union Government has launched Sampoorna Bima Gram (SBG) Yojana and expanded
coverage of Postal Life Insurance (PLI) in a bid to provide affordable life insurance services to
people particularly those living in rural areas. Witt expnasion, PLI will now cover professionals
also apart from government employees.
Sampoorna Bima Gram (SBG) Yojana
Under SBG Yojana, at least one village (having a minimum of 100 households) will be identified in
each of revenue districts of country to cover all households of identified village with minimum of
one RPLI (Rural Postal Life Insurance) policy each. Coverage of all households in identified
Sampoorna Bima Gram village is primary objective of this scheme.
Expansion of PLI
With expansion of PLI, benefits of PLI will no more be confined to government and semi-
government employees only, but will also be available to professionals such as doctors, engineers,
management consultants, chartered accountants, architects, lawyers, bankers etc. and to
employees of listed companies of NSE (National Stock Exchange) and BSE (Bombay Stock
Exchange). It will enlarge cover of social security and bring maximum number of people under
protection of PLI.
Postal Life Insurance (PLI)
PLI was introduced in 1884. It is one of oldest life insurance schemes for benefit of government
and semi-government employees. It covers employees of Central and state governments, Central
and state public sector undertakings (PSUs), universities, government-aided educational
institutions, nationalized banks, local bodies, autonomous bodies, joint ventures having a
minimum of 10% Government/PSU stakes societies etc. It also extends facility of insurance to
officers and staff of Defence services and para-military forces. It also manages group insurance

scheme for extra departmental employees (Gramin Dak Sevaks) of Department of Posts.
PLI offers 6 types of plans viz. Whole Life Assurance (SURAKSHA), Convertible Whole Life
Assurance (SUVIDHA), Endowment Assurance (SANTOSH), Anticipated Endowment Assurance
(SUMANGAL), Joint Life Assurance (YUGAL SURAKSHA) and Children Policy (BAL JEEVAN
BIMA). In all policies age limit is 19 to 55 years. Low premium and high bonus is unique feature of
PLI scheme.
Mitra Shakti 2017: India-Sri Lanka Joint Military Exercise held in Pune
October 13, 2017
The 5th India-Sri Lanka joint training exercise “Mitra Shakti 2017” was held Aundh Military
Station in Pune, Maharshtra. The two weeks exercise (October 13 and 25) is based on Counter
Terrorist Operations (CTO) and Infantry company from both countries are participating in it.
Mitra Shakti 2017
The aim of joint training is to exchange best of military practices of two countries and build
strong military-to-military (M2M) relation between two armies. It also aims at developing joint
strategies by sharing the expertise of conducting operations, especially in counter-insurgency and
counter terrorism (CI and CT) environment under UN mandate. The training module of exercise
will include weapons training, basic military tactics and complex battle strategies.
Background
The Mitra Shakti series of exercise between India and Sri Lanka had started in 2012, mainly as a
response to China’s efforts to increase its influence in South Asia and Indian Ocean region. The
armies of India and Sri Lanka also serve together in the United Nations Peacekeeping missions.
The fourth edition of exercise was held at Sinha Regimental Centre in Ambepussa, Sri Lanka, in
2016 with main focus to enhance inter-operability in CI and CT operations under the UN mandate.
October 14-17, 2017
October 14: World Standards Day
October 14, 2017
The World Standards Day is observed every year on 14 October across the globe to mark the
development of voluntary engineering and scientific standards. The theme for year 2017 is
“Standards make cities smarter”
Significance of the day
Observance of the day honours contributions of all those who have developed technical
agreements that are published as international standards. It also seeks to raise awareness
regarding significance of standardization in global economy, among regulators, industry and
consumers.
This day is mainly celebrated by members of organisations like ISO (International Organisation
for Standardization), IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), ITU (International
Teleommunication Union) and IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force).
Background
The first World Standards Day was celebrated on 14 October, 1970. On this day in 1946,
representatives from 25 countries gathered in London for first time with the aim of creating an
international organization solely focused on facilitating standardization. The ISO was formed a
year later in 1947.

Bureau of Indian Standards Act 2016 comes into effect

October 14, 2017
Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution has brought into effect new Bureau of
Indian standards (BIS) Act 2016 which was notified in March 2016.
The Act replaced Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986. It aims to help in ease of doing business in
country, enhance ‘Make In India’ campaign and ensure availability of quality products and
services to the consumers.
Key Facts
Bureau of Indian standards (BIS): The BIS Act, 2016 establishes the BIS as the National Standards
Body of India for the purpose of standardization, marking and certification of articles and
processes. It has broaden BIS’s ambit and allows central government to make it mandatory for
certain notified goods, articles, processes, etc to carry the standard mark.
Enabling provisions: The BIS Act, 2016 has enabling provisions for Government to bring under
compulsory certification regime any goods or article of any scheduled industry, process, system
or service which it considers necessary in the public interest or for the protection of human,
animal or plant health or national security. Enabling provisions have also been made for making
hallmarking of the precious metal articles mandatory.
Conformity assessment schemes: The new Act also allows multiple types of simplified conformity
assessment schemes including self-declaration of conformity against standard which will provide
simplified options to manufacturers to adhere to the standards.
Other Authority: The Act enables Centre to appoint any authority, agency, in addition to BIS, to
verify conformity of products and services to a standard and issue certificate of conformity.
Recall of goods, services, articles etc: BIS can recall good or article which is already out for sale or
supply if Bureau is convinced that good or article does not conform to the requirement of a
particular standard. Further, it has provision for repair or recall, including product liability of the
products bearing Standard Mark, however not conforming to the relevant Indian Standard.
Certification of precious metals: It makes hallmark mandatory to certify precious metal articles
including silver, gold, platinum, and palladium or their alloys. In this case, hallmark indicates
proportionate content of precious metal in article as per Indian standard.
Mandatory certification of certain goods: It allows central government to notify certain goods,
articles, etc, which will need to compulsorily carry a standard mark. Such goods or articles will be
notified if they are necessary forpublic interest or for the protection of human, animal or plant
health, safety of environment, prevention of unfair trade practices, or national security.
Offences by companies: Company committing offence under the Act, then persons in charge or
responsible for company will be presumed to be guilty irrespective of whether offence was
committed without their knowledge, consent or connivance.
Appeals: Regarding granting of license or certificate of conformity, compounding of offences,
must be made to Director General of BIS. Further appeal against the order of DG, BIS can be made
to central government.
Audrey Azoulay elected as Director General of UNESCO
October 14, 2017
Former French Culture Minister Audrey Azoulay (45) was elected as new Director General of
UNESCO – the UN’s education, science and culture agency. With this, she becomes first Jewish

Director of UNESCO.
Azoulay defeated Qatar’s Hamad bin Abdulaziz al-Kawari in the final 30-28 vote after she won a
runoff with a third finalist from Egypt. She will succeed outgoing Director-General Irina Bokova of
Bulgaria.
Audrey Azoulay
Azoulay was born on 4 August 1972 in Paris to a Moroccan Jewish family from Essaouira. She is
the daughter of Andre Azoulay, an adviser to king Mohammed VI of Morocco. She had earned
master’s degree in management sciences from Paris Dauphine University in 1994 and master’s
degree in business administration from Lancaster University. She also studied at Sciences Po and
École nationale d’administration (ENA). She was France’s Minister of Culture from February 2016
to May 2017.
World’s largest combustion research centre inaugurated at IIT Madras
October 14, 2017
National Centre for Combustion Research and Development (NCCRD) was inaugurated at Indian
Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras in Tamil Nadu. It is world’s largest combustion research
centre and one of best diagnostic centres in the country to understand combustion.
National Centre for Combustion Research and Development (NCCRD)
NCCRD is supported by state-run Science and Engineering Research Board (SERN) of Department
of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of Science and Technology. It has been established at a
total cost of Rs 90 crore. It will develop state-of-the-art capabilities in combustion research
involving experts in the country.
NCCRD’s research interests will cover automotive, thermal power and aerospace propulsion,
besides fire research and microgravity combustion to minor extent. It will provide impetus to
research in ‘Alternative Energy and Environmental Protection’ by focusing on effective utilisation
of combustion as means of thermo-chemical energy conversion.
NCCRD has been set up as nodal centre in region and any institute and industry can work with it
as it is totally IT-enabled and possess a strong simulation facility. Many industrial and R&D
organisations like Mahindra, Shell, BHEL, ISRO, DRDO (DRDL, GTRE, CFEES), TVS, AVL, GAIL, GE,
NAL, Forbes-Marshall, Siemens, Thermax, Cummins, Tata Power etc are working closely with
NCCRD.
NCCRD will impart major boost to Indian scientific community. It will play a pivotal role in
making sure that India has access to latest technologies in all these areas. Its intention is to make
it knowledge base in areas like combustion, gasification, propulsion and automotive sectors.
Need to balance national interest, human rights on Rohingya refugees: SC
October 14, 2017
The Supreme Court has asked Union Government to strike a balance between humanitarian
concern for Rohingya community staying in India and country’s economic and national security
interests.
The apex court unlined that both executive and judiciary cannot be totally oblivious to condition
of women and children among Rohingya refugees and said that crisis has thrown up an
extraordinary situation. With this, the status quo held by Government continues even though the
court gave the community liberty to approach it in case of any contingency.
Background

The SC was hearing on petition filed by two Rohingya Muslim refugees for protection of the life
and liberty of their community challenging Union Government’s move to deport them from
country. Petitioners in their plea had mentioned Government’s move violated tconstitutional
guarantee that Indian state should protect the life and liberty of every human being, whether
citizen or not. As per petition, Government’s proposed deportation is contrary to Indian
constitutional protections guaranteed under Article 14 (equality), Article 21 (right to life) and
Article 51(c) (respect for international law and treaty obligations) of the Constitution.
Rohingya Issue
Rohingya is ethnic Muslim minority group, largely comprising Muslims living primarily in
Myanmar’s western Rakhine state. They differ from Myanmar’s dominant Buddhist groups
religiously, ethnically and linguistically. They practice a Sufi-inflected variation of Sunni Islam.
They speak Bengali dialect, as opposed to commonly spoken Burmese language in Myanmar.
Myanmar considers Rohingya’s as illegal Bengali immigrants, despite fact that many they have
resided in Rakhine province of Myanmar for centuries. Myanmar government even refuses to
grant them citizenship status, and as a result they do not have any legal documentation,
effectively making them stateless. They are also restricted from freedom of movement, state
education and civil service jobs. UN has often described Rohingyas as one of the most persecuted
minorities in the world.
TM Krishna wins 2015-16 Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration
October 14, 2017
Carnatic vocalist T M Krishna won 30th Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration for 2015 -16
for his services in promoting and preserving national integration in the country.
He will be presented with the honour by Congress president Sonia Gandhi on October 31, 2017
Indira Gandhi’s death anniversary.
TM Krishna
He is one of prominent vocalists in rigorous Carnatic tradition of Indian classical music and also
activist who has worked on creating egalitarian spaces for music and breaking down caste-
barriers in form. He was also part of movement to help Tamil-dominated and war-ravaged
northern province of Sri Lanka rebuild its classical music traditions. He has written and talked on
wide range of socio-political issues, including women’s rights, children’s needs, issues that make a
society civil or un-civil, and dangers of mentality of war and narrow nationalism. In 2016, he won
Ramon Magsaysay award for bringing “social inclusiveness in culture.
Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration
The award was instituted in 1985 by Congress on its centenary year celebrations. It is conferred
every year on October 31 for promoting national integration, understanding and fellowship
among different communities and cultures of India. The award consists of a citation and a cash
prize of Rs. 10 lakh.
Some of the recipients are.S. Subbulakshmi, former prime minister Rajiv Gandhi (posthumously)
and former presidents A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and Shankar Dayal Sharma (posthumously), musician
A.R. Rahman, Ramakrishna Mission Ashram, poet Gulzar, scientist M.S. Swaminathan, filmmaker
Shyam Benegal and lyricist Javed Akhtar.
October 15: International Day of Rural Women
October 16, 2017

The International Day of Rural Women is observed every year on October 15 to recognize the
crucial role and contribution of rural women. The 2017 theme of the day is “Challenges and
opportunities in climate-resilient agriculture for gender equality and the empowerment of rural women
and girls”.
The observance of day highlights role and contribution of rural women, including indigenous
women in enhancing rural and agricultural development, eradicating rural poverty and improving
food security and ensuring sustainability of rural households and communities, improving rural
livelihoods and overall wellbeing.
Background
The International Day of Rural Women was instituted by the UN General Assembly by passing
resolution 62/136 in December 2007. It was first observed on15 October 2008. According to UN,
empowerment of rural women is pre-requisite for fulfilling vision of the Sustainable Development
Goals (SGDs) which aims at ending poverty and hunger, achieve food security and empower all
women and girls.
Rural women, make up over a quarter of the total world population. Majority of them depend on
natural resources and agriculture for their livelihood. They produce, prepare and process much of
the food available, thereby giving them primary responsibility for food security. Thus,
International Day of Rural Women recognises contribution and significant role played by these
rural women in food security and poverty elevation.
16 October: World Food Day
October 16, 2017
The World Food Day is observed globally on 16 October to mark foundation of Food and
Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations in 1945. The theme for the year 2017 is
“Change the future of migration. Invest in food security and rural development.”
The World Food Day is a day of action dedicated to tackling global hunger and aims to raise public
awareness about hunger challenges and encourage people around world to take action in fight
against hunger. This day also shows commitment to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 – to
achieve Zero Hunger by 2030. Events organised to celebrate this day promotes worldwide
awareness and action for those who suffer from hunger and for need to ensure food security and
nutritious diets for all.
Background
The World Food Day was instituted in November 1979 by FAO’s Member Countries at its 20th
General Conference of to raise awareness of issues behind poverty and hunger. The day was
observed for the first time it on 16 October 1981 and idea of celebrating the WFD worldwide was
mooted by Hungarian Delegation to FAO.
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
FAO is specialised agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger.
Its parent organization is UN Economic and Social Council (UNESC). It is neutral forum serving
both developed and developing countries where all nations meet as equals to negotiate
agreements and debate policy.
It was established on 16 October 1945 and its headquarters are in Rome, Italy. Its motto is “Let
there be bread”. It has 194 member states, along with the European Union (member organization)
FAO meet the demands posed by major global trends in agricultural development and challenges

faced by member nations. It helps countries in transition modernize and improve agriculture,
forestry and fisheries practices, ensuring good nutrition and food security for all.
CarbFix Project: World’s first negative emissions carbon-capture plant begins operations in
Iceland
October 16, 2017
The world’s first negative emissions plant under the CarbFix Project to turn atmospheric carbon
dioxide (CO2) into stone has begun operations in Hellisheidi, Iceland. It is intended to lock away
carbon dioxide by reacting it with basaltic rocks. Work on the project began in 2007.
CarbFix Project
In it, the CO2 is captured from ambient air, bound to water, and sent to more than 700 meters
underground. There, the CO2 reacts with the basaltic bedrock using enhanced weathering process
and forms solid minerals, creating a permanent storage solution.
Currently, the system captures only 50 metric tons CO2, each year, about same emitted by a
single US household. It can remove an estimated 50 metric tons of CO2 from the air in a year. It
pumps the collected gas deep into the island’s volcanic bedrock, where it reacts with basalt and
essentially turns into limestone.
INS Kiltan commissioned into Indian Navy in Visakhapatnam

October 16, 2017
Indigenously-built anti-submarine warfare stealth corvette INS Kiltan was commissioned an into
the Indian Navy at the Eastern Naval Command (Naval Dockyard) in Visakhapatnam, Andhra
Pradesh
It is India’s first major warship to have a superstructure of carbon fibre composite material resulting in
improved stealth features, lower top weight and maintenance costs. About 81% of the ship is
indigenous and it is well equipped to fight in Nuclear, Biological and Chemical (NBC) warfare

conditions.
INS Kiltan
INS Kiltan is third of four Kamorta-class corvettes being built under Project 28. It is latest
indigenous warship after Shivalik Class, Kolkata Class and sister ships INS Kamorta and INS
Kadmatt of Indian Navy’s arsenal. It is also first major warship to have undertaken sea trials of all
major weapons and sensors as a pilot project.
The stealth corvette derives its name from one of islands in Aminidivi group of strategically
located Lakshadweep and Minicoy group of islands. It has been designed indigenously by Indian
Navy’s in-house body Directorate of Naval Design under Project 28 (Kamorta Class).
Features: It is 109 meters in length and 14 meters at beam and is propelled by four diesel engines
to achieve speeds in excess of 25 knots with an endurance of 3450 nautical miles. It has
displacement capacity of 3500 tonnes and has installed propulsion and auxiliary systems that
provides very low radiated underwater noise feature, required for anti-submarine warfare.
Stealth features: Enhanced stealth features of the ship have been achieved by ‘X’ form of Hull, full
beam superstructure, inclined ship sides and use of InfraRed Signature Suppression (IRSS) system
designed by NSTL for cooling the Engine and Generator exhausts.
Weapons and Sensors suite: The ship hosts predominantly indigenous cutting-edge weapons and
sensors suite which includes heavyweight torpedoes, ASW rockets, missile decoy rockets (Chaff),
advanced Electronic Support Measure system, 76 mm calibre Medium Range gun and two multi-
barrel 30 mm guns as close-in-weapon system (CIWS) with dedicated fire control systems, most
advanced bow mounted sonar and air surveillance radar Revathi. In future, it will be installed with
short range SAM system and carry an integral ASW helicopter.
Historical Legacy: The ship also boasts of proud legacy of the erstwhile Petya Class ship of same
name ‘Kiltan (P79)’ built in the USSR which had actively participated as Task Force Commander in
‘Operation Trident’ during 1971 India-Pakistan war.
Defence Ministry to raise three new tri-service agencies
October 16, 2017
Ministry of Defence (MoD) is expecting to raise three new tri-service agencies in field of cyber
warfare, space and special operations shortly. The proposal is with the other ministries of
government for approval as the resources for them have to come from accretion and not under
save-and-raise.
Key Facts
The new tri-service agencies are Defence Cyber Agency, Defence Space Agency and a Special
Operations Division. These agencies will be headed by officers of rank of Major General and
equivalent in Navy and Indian Air Force
The cyber and space agencies will be based out of Delhi, for close coordination with their civilian
counterparts, while Special Operations Division will be based outside national capital.
Defence Cyber Agency: It will work in close coordination with National Cyber Security Advisor. It
will focus on non-civilian cyber issues, including safeguarding critical infrastructure. It will be
have over 1,000 personnel and will be distributed to various formations of Army, Navy and IAF.
Defence Space Agency: It will work closely with ISRO and DRDO for better utilisation and
integration of space resources. This includes information sharing from individual satellites, and
surveillance from other satellites which can then be shared with the concerned defence service. It

will have over 200 personnel.

Special Operations Division: It will have components of Special Forces of Army, Navy and IAF,
and will be equipped and trained together for various external contingencies. This division, which
will be based at a location which already has training infrastructure, will have two SF battalions at
its core, along with teams from Marcos and Garud.
Background
In 2012, the Chiefs of Staff Committee had recommended creation of three joint commands in the
areas of cyber, space and special operations due to their increased relevance in modern warfare.
Besides, the new joint military doctrine, released earlier in 2017 also underscores the need to
prepare defence forces for emerging triad of space, cyberspace and special operations for future
combat.
First Investment Agreement signed between NIIF and Abu Dhabi Investment Authority
October 16, 2017
India’s National Investment and Infrastructure Fund (NIIF) of India on has signed an investment
agreement worth $1 billion with Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA). With this, ADIA became
first institutional investor in NIIF’s Master Fund and shareholder in NIIF’s investment
management Company. NIIF is claimed to be India’s first sovereign wealth fund.
Background
The agreement was signed in pursuant to Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between
Department of Economic Affairs (DEA), Finance Ministry and Government of United Arab
Emirates (UAE) to mobilise long term investment into NIIF.
National Investment and Infrastructure Fund (NIIF)
The Union Government has set up NIIF in 2015 with aim to attract investments from both
domestic and international sources for infrastructure development in commercially viable
projects both Greenfield and Brownfield, including stalled projects. It was envisaged to be
Category II Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs) under SEBI Regulations. It will also serve as an
umbrella fund with several funds underneath it.
It has proposed corpus of Rs. 40,000 crores (around $6 Billion). Government’s contribution to
NIIF is 49% of total commitment at any given point of time. NIIF has been mandated to solicit
equity participation from strategic anchor partners, like overseas sovereign, quasi-sovereign,
multilateral and bilateral investors.
Two companies viz. NIIFTL, trustee of fund and NIIFL, investment management company of NIIF
were incorporated in 2015. Besides, Governing Council also has been set up under chairmanship of
Union Finance Minister to act as an advisory council to NIIF.
Few investors of NIIF
NIIF has singed MoUs with Government of UAE, RUSNANO, QIA, RDIF and Japan Overseas
Infrastructure Investment Corporation for Transport & Urban Development (JOIN). In addition,
DEA has signed terms for cooperation on NIIF with UK Treasury and US Treasury. Besides, India-
UK Green Growth Equity Fund (GGEF) also has been announced in April 2017.
October 18, 2017
October 17: The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty
October 18, 2017
The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty (IDEP) is observed every year on October 17

to raise people’s awareness of the need to eradicate poverty and destitution worldwide,
particularly in developing countries.
The 2017 theme ‘Answering the Call of October 17 to end poverty: A path toward peaceful and
inclusive societies’. It seeks to remind importance of the values of dignity, solidarity and voice
underscored in the Call to Action to fight to end poverty everywhere.
This year’s celebration also marks 25th anniversary of declaration of IDEP by UN General
Assembly (UNDP). It also marks 30th anniversary of “Call to Action” by Father Joseph Wresinski
which had inspired observance of October 17 as World Day for Overcoming Extreme Poverty and
recognition by UN day as the IDEP
Background
The International Day for the Eradication of Poverty (IDEP) was instituted by UNGA by adopting a
resolution on 22 December 1992 to promote awareness among people to eradicate poverty and
destitution around the world particularly in developing countries. It was observed for the first
time in 1993.
#IamThatWoman: WCD Ministry launches campaign on women for women
October 18, 2017
The Union Ministry of Women and Child Development (WCD) has launched online campaign
#IamThatWoman in an attempt to end Gender bias in women against women. It was launched by
WCD Minister Meneka Gandhi.
Significance of this campaign
Through the campaign, Ministry seeks to highlight various aspects of women standing ‘by’ and
‘for’ women. It also aims to shed light on the enormous contributions made by women for women.
Under this campaign, Twitter and Facebook users have been encouraged to tag and share stories
of women helping women with photograph and post online with the hashtag #IamThatWoman.
Ministry of WCD also has urged people to shun stereotypes associated with women harming
other women.
India inks MoC to send interns to Japan for training
October 18, 2017
India and Japan have signed memorandum of cooperation (MoC) on Technical Intern Training
Programme (TITP) to significantly expand the bilateral cooperation s in the field of skill
development.
India is the third country with which Japan has signed the MoC. Under it, India will send
youngsters to Japan as technical interns for on-the-job training for a period of three to five years.
Key Facts
TITP will serve as an ideal platform through which complementary strengths of India and Japan
will be leveraged for mutual benefit. The technical interns trained in Japan under TITP will be an
asset for the Skill India initiative upon their return to India. It will significantly contribute of
Government’s vision of making India as largest provider of skilled workforce to the world.
Technical Intern Training Programme (TITP)
It was launched by Japan under Technical Intern Training Act scheduled to come into force in
November 2017. By 2016-end, approximately 2,30,000 technical intern trainees from multiple
countries were trained in Japan under it. In 2016, about 1,08,709 technical interns entered Japan
from various partner countries such as China, Vietnam and Indonesia that account for large
numbers.

MCX launches India’s first commodity options in Gold

October 18, 2017
Largest commodity bourse Multi-Commodity Exchange of India Ltd (MCX) launched India’s first
commodity options in gold. It was launched by Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley.
The gold futures contract will have bi-monthly duration. The option will also have the existing
gold kilo futures contract as its underlier.
Options
Options are an instrument that gives buyer right to buy or sell an underlined at present price on a
future date. They are of two types: puts (right to sell) and calls (right to buy). According to market
experts, options are also a much better hedging instrument as compared to futures for hedgers.
Key Facts
MCX’s Gold Option contract is European-styled Gold options with Gold (1 Kg) futures as
underlying asset. These options are hedge-friendly and physically settled. It means that on
exercise at expiration options position develops into corresponding underlying MCX 1 KG Gold
futures position at strike price of exercised options.
The options product is unique and first of its kind which gives buyers right to buy or sell
underlying asset, but no obligation, at a specified price at expiry. Thus, for buyers, risk is limited
only to premium paid to option seller (i.e. Option writer).
Comment
The launch of commodity options in gold denotes one of most significant reform measures since
modern commodity derivatives trading started in 2003. It will give stakeholders new set of
financial instruments to hedge their price risks. Moreover, introduction of options gives strong
impetus towards systematic development and transformation of commodity derivatives market
in India, ushering in new era in price risk management in response to stakeholder expectations
Multi Commodity Exchange Ltd (MCX)
MCX is country’s largest metals and energy commodity bourse. It is country’s first listed
commodity futures exchange that facilitates online trading, and clearing and settlement of
commodity futures transactions, thereby providing a platform for risk management.
It began functioning in November 2003 and operates within regulatory framework of the Forward
Contracts Regulation Act, 1952 (FCRA, 1952). It offers futures trading in bullion, ferrous and non-
ferrous metals, energy, and a number of agricultural commodities (mentha oil, cardamom,
potatoes, palm oil and others). Globally, MCX ranks no. 1 in silver, no. 2 in natural gas, no. 3 in
crude oil and gold in futures trading.
Sawfish more threatened than tigers: Scientists
October 18, 2017
Scientists on World Sawfish Day (observed on October 17th) announced that sawfish, sighted off
Indian coast less than 10 times in over a decade appears to be more threatened than tigers and
elephants
Anecdotal evidence suggested that sawfish was once common along the Indian coast but today it
may be the most endangered fish species in India.
Key Facts
Sawfish also known as carpenter sharks are a family of rays. They are characterized by long,
narrow, flattened rostrum or nose extension, lined with sharp transverse teeth resembling
saw.Sawfish are closely related to sharks and have shark-shaped bodies, hence, they are also called

flat sharks.
They are elasmobranchs meaning their skeleton is made of cartilage. There are only five species of
sawfish ever identified —knifetooth sawfish, smalltooth sawfish, dwarf sawfish largetooth
sawfish and green sawfish.
Protection Status: In the International Union for Conservation of Nature Global Red List, sawfish
family has been assessed either ‘Endangered’ or ‘Critically Endangered’ considering their
threatened status, high extinction risk and observed population decline. The sawfish has been
given high degree of protection as it is listed in Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act
1972 enacted to save them from exploitation.
Prime Minister dedicated first All India Institute of Ayurveda to nation
October 18, 2017
Prime Minister Narendra Modi on dedicated first All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA) in New
Delhi to the nation on the occasion of National Ayurveda Day observed on the occasion of
Dhanwantari Jayanti (17 October 2017).
Prime Minister also released Ayurvedic Standard Treatment Guidelines framed by Ministry of
AYUSH. He also presented Yoga Award to Ramamani Iyengar Memorial Yoga Institute, Pune
which was announced on the occasion of International Day of Yoga
All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA)
The first ever AIIA is an apex institute under Ministry of AYUSH. It aims to bring synergy
between the traditional wisdom of Ayurveda and modern diagnostic tools and technology. It has
been set up on lines of AIIMS. It is NABH (National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and
Healthcare Providers) Accredited Hospital and an Academic Block. It has been set up with a total
campus area of 10.015 acres in New Delhi.
The hospital block of the AIIA will provide Out Patient Services along with free medicines. The
hospital block has clinical specialties such as Musculoskeletal Care Unit, Diabetes; Metabolic
Disorders Care Unit, Neurological Disease Care Unit, Yoga, Panchakarma Clinic, Kriya Kalpa,
Diabetic Retinopathy Clinic, Kshara Evum Anushastra Karma and Infertility Clinic. It also has
pathology, microbiology, biochemistry and radiology laboratories and diagnosis facilities The
indoor patient department of AIIA has provision for 200 beds.
Times Higher Education Rankings: IISC & IIT Bombay among world’s top 200 for engineering
October 18, 2017
The Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bangalore and Indian Instituted of Technology (IIT)
Bombay were ranked among world’s top 200 institutions for engineering and computer science in
Times Higher Education subject-wise rankings. IISc was placed at the 89th spot, while IIT Bombay
was placed in the 126- 150 category, globally.
Rankings
Times Higher Education subject-wise rankings scored 500 institutions worldwide on
performance parameters such as industry income, international outlook, teaching and research. It
highlights the educational institutions that are leading in electrical, mechanical, civil, chemical
and general engineering courses.
Key Facts
In this edition, Stanford University from US was ranked number one, followed by California
institute of Technology, Oxford University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and

Cambridge University.
China had total of 35 institutions in rankings, highest in Asia. China’s Peking University and
National University of Singapore are among top ten and top performers from Asia. India has a
total of eleven institutions in rankings,
IITs in Delhi, Kanpur and Kharagpur were placed in 201-250 band and IITs in Madras and Roorkee
in 251 – 300 category. Meanwhile, IIT Guwahati was among institutes in 301 – 400 ranks and
Jadavpur University, NIT Rourkela and Tezpur University were pegged in 401 to 500 band.
US author George Saunders wins 2017 Man Booker Prize
October 18, 2017
American author George Saunders won the 2017 Man Booker Prize, a high-profile literary award
for his first full-length novel “Lincoln in the Bardo”.
With this, he became second consecutive American writer to win prize after Paul Beatty (for his
novel The Sellout), after rules were changed in 2014 to allow authors of any book written in
English and published in UK to compete.
Lincoln in the Bardo
It is set in 1862, a year into the American Civil war. It is a blend of historical accounts and
imaginative fiction, which sees Lincoln’s son Willie, who died in the White House at tender age of
11, in Bardo, a Tibetan form of purgatory.
George Saunders
He is American writer of short stories, novellas, essays, children’s books and a novel. He is
professor at Syracuse University. He has won National Magazine Award for fiction in 1994, 1996,
2000, and 2004 and Henry Awards in 1997.
His first story collection, CivilWarLand in Bad Decline, was a finalist for the 1996 PEN/Hemingway
Award. He received a MacArthur Fellowship in 2006 and also won World Fantasy Award same
year for his short story “CommComm”. In 2013, he had won PEN/Malamud Award. His Tenth of
December: Stories won 2013 Story Prize for short-story collections and inaugural (2014) Folio
Prize.
Man Booker Prize
The Man Booker Prize world’s most prestigious English-language literary award. It was launched
in 1969 and presented by the Man Group. It aims at promoting the finest literary work in fiction
by rewarding the best novel of the year written in English and published in the United Kingdom.
It carries cash prize of 50,000 pounds. The authors are shortlisted by judges from a wide range of
disciplines and all with a passion for quality fiction.
October 19-20, 2017
ISKCON’s Govardhan Eco Village wins Green Platinum Award
October 19, 2017
The Govardhan Eco Village, set up by the International Society for Krishna Consciousness
(ISKCON) in Wada taluka of Palghar district, Maharashtra has won the Green Platinum Award.
The award was received by village’s director, Gauranga Das during the Green Building
Congress-2017 held at Jaipur in Rajasthan.
Govardhan Eco Village
The village is a farm community and retreat centre spread over a scenic landscape of 100 acres at
Galtare in Wada taluka. Since its inception in 2003, it has made steady progress in Organic

farming, Cow protection, Rural Education, Rural development, alternative energy, eco-friendly
constructions and Sustainable living etc.
Green Platinum Award
Green Platinum Award is instituted by Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) of Confederation of
Indian Industry (CII). The IGBC was established by the CII to enable sustainable built-environment
for all.
Hans Joachim Schellnhuber wins 2017 Blue Planet Prize
October 19, 2017
Prof Hans Joachim Schellnhuber from Germany won 2017 Blue Planet Prize, world’s most
prestigious award for pioneers in environmental science.
He was awarded for establishing new field of science ‘Earth System Analysis’ and introducing
most influential concepts including the notion of tipping elements in the climate system in Tokyo.
He is Director of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK).
Beside him, Prof. Gretchen C. Daily from US also won the award for her work promoting practical
conservation by revealing the value of nature.
Blue Planet Prize
It is the world’s most prestigious award for pioneers in environmental science and often
considered as Nobel Prize for environmental research. It was instituted by Asahi Glass
Foundation. It honours outstanding thinkers who help to meet challenges of planetary
dimensions. It carries prize of 50 million yen (about $450,000) and is handed over in presence of
Japan’s Imperial Prince and Princess.
Previous recipients of prize include the Syukuro Manabe who is considered as godfather of
climate modelling, Norway’s former Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland and Charles Keeling
who gave his name to the famous Keeling curve of atmospheric CO2 concentration
measurements.
Indian-American Gitanjali Rao wins 2017 Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge
October 19, 2017
Indian-American Gitanjali Rao (11) won the 2017 Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist
Challenge for inventing a quick, low-cost test to detect lead-contaminated water.
She was selected from 10 finalists who had spent three months collaborating with scientists to
develop their ideas.
Key Facts
Rao’s prototype device named named Tethys, after the Greek goddess for fresh water is sensor-
based device detects the quality of water and shares the results to a mobile application via
bluetooth. It uses carbon nanotubes to detect the presence of lead.
Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge
The aim of the competition, open to citizens of US who are enrolled from Class 5 to 8, is to identify
a solution to an everyday problem that directly impacts either the contestant or the global
population. The winner of the competition is awarded $25,000 along with the title of ‘America’s
Top Young Scientist 2017’. Every year, the challenge asks kids in US to explain in short video new
scientific idea or invention – one that solves an everyday problem. Ten finalists are chosen who
compete amongst themselves.

Sunny Verghese appointed as new chairman of World Business Council for Sustainable
Development
October 19, 2017
Sunny Verghese, co-founder and Group CEO of Singapore-based Olam International was
appointed as the new chairman of World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).
With this, he becomes first ever Asian CEO to be appointed as Chair in the organisation’s 25 years
of history. His term will begin on January, 2018 for a duration of two years and will succeed Paul
Polman, whose term ends in December 2017.
Sunny Verghese
He is co-founder of Olam International, third largest agri-business company in world. Olam
International operates from seed to shelf in 70 countries, supplying food and industrial raw
materials to over 16,200 customers worldwide. It is one of the world’s largest suppliers of cocoa
beans and products, coffee, cotton and rice.
Sunny Verghese, is a recipient of the Outstanding CEO of the Year award and Public Service
Medal from the Government of Singapore. He is also Chairman of International Enterprise
Singapore and the Human Capital Leadership Institute.
World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD)
WBCSD is CEO-led, global advocacy association of some 200 international companies dealing
exclusively with business and sustainable development. It has global network of more than 200
CEOs who are responsible for combined revenue of more than $8.5 trillion and 19 million
employees.
WBCSD was created in 1995 with merger of Business Council for Sustainable Development and
World Industry Council for the Environment. It is based at the Maison de la paix in Geneva,
Switzerland, and has offices in New York and New Delhi.
EPFO launches new facility to link UAN with Aadhaar online
October 19, 2017
The Employees Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) launched new online facility for its members
to easily link their 12-digit unique Aadhaar number with their Universal Account Number (UAN).
Its objective is to ensure better and speedy EPFO services. The new initiative will facilitate EPFO
members to link their respective UAN and other relevant details with Aadhaar online. The facility
has been made available at EPFO’s official website
Universal Account Number (UAN)
It is one account number allotted to a subscriber for various schemes run by EPFO for his or her
entire service period with different employers. It facilitates workers in organized sector to
transfer their provident fund deposits while switching jobs anywhere in India easily.
Under it active employees in organized sector are provided with universal number which can be
linked to various provident fund account numbers provided to them after switching jobs by
different organisations. Thus, a single account number can be used throughout workers’
employments with various organisations.
The roadmap for implementing the UAN programme has been prepared by Centre for
Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC). UAN aims to reduce the workload of the EPFO to
a great extent as it receives over 12 lakh claims for transfer of PF account on changing of jobs by
its subscribers.

NHAI to get power to speed up Bharatmala programme

October 20, 2017
The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) will soon get powers to approve highway
projects with construction cost of more than Rs 1,000 crore to ensure faster implementation of
Bharatmala programme. The programme, along with the proposal to enhance powers of NHAI will
soon get Cabinet clearance soon.
Key Facts
Currently, all highway projects entailing construction cost more than Rs 1,000 crore, excluding
land is approved by Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA). Under the new proposal,
only public private partnership (PPP) projects under build-operatetransfer (BOT) model, where
viability gap funding (VGF) is to be provided by government, will need CCEA clearance. It will
allow NHAI board to approve all engineering procurement and construction and hybrid annuity
projects.
Bharatmala programme
Bharatmala envisions 44 economic corridors across country at cost of at least Rs 5 lakh crore. It is
aimed at speeding up cargo movement and development of multimodal logistics hubs and parks
on periphery of major commercial centres.
The project involves constructing 24,000km of fresh highways. It also includes construction of
feeder routes alongside national highways. The Bharatmala corridors have been mapped as per
traffic density and economic relevance of cities that will be connected with help of
Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-informatics.
Around 80% of Bharatmala projects will be government funded, engineering procurement and
construction (EPC) model while rest will be a hybrid-annuity public private partnership (PPP).
Jaipur and Srinagar Airport ranked first and second in ACI-ASQ Survey
October 20, 2017
The Jaipur and Srinagar Airport were ranked first and second respectively in ACI (Airports
Council International)-ASQ (Airport Service Quality) Survey in the category of 2-5 million
passengers .
It was for second consecutive time Jaipur Airport was rated Best Airport in the World in the 2 to 5

million passengers per year traffic volume category. Earlier it was ranked best Airport in 2016
also. Besides, Hyderabad’s Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (RGIA) bagged World 1 airport
Award trophy of the ACI in the 5-15 million passengers per annum category.
About ASQ awards
The Airport Service Quality (ASQ) Awards are aviation industry’s most prestigious accolades.
They recognize airports which have achieved highest passenger satisfaction ratings in ASQ
Survey which is the world’s benchmark measure of airport excellence.
ACI-ASQ Survey is only worldwide programme to survey passengers at airports on their day of
travel. Every year it measures passengers’ views on 34 key performance indicators, including
airport access, check-in, security screening, stores, restrooms and restaurants. The survey allows
creating industry database that allows airports to compare themselves to other airports around
the world. It also facilitates sharing of best practices among airport operators.
Hemidactylus kangerensis: New species of large gecko discovered in Eastern Ghats
October 20, 2017
Researchers have discovered new species of gecko at Chhattisgarh’s Kanger Ghati National Park
in Eastern Ghats. It common name is the Kanger valley rock gecko and scientific name is
Hemidactylus kangerensis, named after the valley were it was discovered.
Kanger valley rock gecko
Kanger valley rock gecko is fairly large and can grow to over eight inches long. It has distinct
black-bordered beige bands from its neck to its tail tip and specific scales on its thighs. It differs
from other gecko species in a distinct banded patterns and number of pore less scales separating
femoral pores on the thigh.
It is also found in Jagdalpur and Sukma districts in Chhattisgarh and in Khamman in Telangana,
which are part of Eastern Ghats. The discovery of new gecko species highlights need for dedicated
surveys across Eastern Ghats, where biodiversity has not been quantified too well and need for
protection from various anthropogenic pressures.
INDRA 2017: First tri-services military exercise between India-Russia begins
October 20, 2017
The first tri-service armed Forces (Army, Navy, & Air Force) exercise INDRA 2017 between India
and Russia began at the 249th Combined Army Range Sergeevisky and in Sea of Japan near
Vladivostok. It is overall 10th edition of INDRA exercise and India’s first bilateral military exercise
with any country involving all three services.
INDRA 2017
The scope of 11-day exercise includes professional interactions, establishment of joint command
and control structures between Indian and Russian forces and elimination of terrorist threat in
multinational environment under UN mandate.
The Indian contingent comprises 350 personnel from Army, 80 from Air Force, two IL 76 aircraft
and one frigate and corvette each from the Navy. Russia is represented by approximately 1000
troops of 5th Army, marines and ships of Pacific Fleet and aircraft from Eastern Military District.
Comment
Exercise INDRA in its previous nine avatars was conducted as single service exercise alternately
between two countries. For India, the major emphasis during exercise is to enhance inter-service
cooperation and synergizing jointness. Moreover it is inlines with India’s armed forces focus on
complete and effective inter-operability with countries, big and small in order to effectively

conduct military operations overseas. In 2016, INDRA exercise was held in December 2016 at
Visakhapatnam and Bay of Bengal.
India, Brazil, South Africa sign IBSA Trust Fund agreement
October 20, 2017
India, Brazil and South Africa (IBSA) have signed the IBSA Trust Fund Agreement that seeks to
fight poverty in developing countries. It was signed at the 8th IBSA trilateral Ministerial
Commission Meeting in Durban, South Africa.
IBSA Trust Fund
It brings together the three emerging economies of India, Brazil and South Africa to combat
poverty in other developing countries. Each country will contribute US $1 million annually to this
fund which is managed by the UN Development Programme’s (UNDP) Special Unit for South-
South Cooperation.
IBSA Dialogue Forum
The IBSA (India, Brazil and South Africa) Dialogue Forum is an international tripartite grouping
for promoting international cooperation among these countries. It was launched in June 2003. It
brings together three large democracies and major economies from three different continents
namely, Africa, Asia and South America that represents three important poles for galvanizing
South-South cooperation.
The forum provides the three countries platform to engage in discussions for cooperation in the
field of agriculture, trade, culture, and defence among others. It has become instrumental for
promoting closer coordination on global issues between three large multicultural and multiracial
democracies and also contributed to enhancing trilateral cooperation in sectoral areas.
Cooperation in IBSA is on three fronts
Forum for consultation and coordination on global and regional political issues, such as reform of global
institutions of political and economic governance, WTO/Doha Development Agenda, climate change,
terrorism etc.
Trilateral collaboration on concrete areas and projects, through 14 working groups and 6 People-to-People
(P2P) Forums, for the common benefit of three countries
Assisting other developing countries by taking up projects in the latter through IBSA Fund.
India tops list of pollution-linked deaths: Study
October 20, 2017
According to new study published in medical journal The Lancet, India has topped list of countries
with pollution-related deaths in 2015.
In India, 2.51 million people died prematurely in 2015 due to diseases linked to air, water and other
forms of pollution. Of the 2.51 million deaths in India, 1.81 million were related to air pollution,
0.64 million to water pollution, 0.17 million to occupational exposure and 95,000 linked to lead
pollution
Key Facts
Globally, air pollution was biggest contributor linked to 6.5 million deaths in 2015, ahead of water
pollution (1.8 million) and workplace-related pollution (0.8 million).
Most of the pollution-related deaths — 92%— were reported in low and middle income countries,
and in rapidly industrialising nations such as India, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Madagascar and
Kenya. China, with 1.8 million pollution-linked deaths in 2015, followed India. Most of these deaths

were due to non-communicable diseases caused by pollution, such as heart disease, stroke, lung
cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
India accounted for about 28% of an estimated 9 million pollution-linked deaths worldwide in 2015
and topped list of deaths linked to polluted air (1.81 million) and water (0.64 million).
China (1.58 million) was placed after India in deaths linked to air-pollution, followed by Pakistan
(0.22 million), Bangladesh (0.21 million) and Russia (0.14 million). In deaths linked to water
pollution, Nigeria (0.16 million) and Pakistan (74,000) were placed after India.
The Lancet study concluded that pollution is now largest environmental cause of disease and
death globally — three times more those from HIV-AIDS, TB and malaria put together. It also
found that pollution from outdoor and indoor air, water and soil contamination, and chemical
pollutants was one of largest risk factors leading to premature death.
Background
For the study, researchers had used data from Global Burden of Disease study, which brings
together comprehensive estimates on effects of pollution on health, provides economic costs, and
reveals the extent of contaminated sites across world for first time. Its aim was to raise global
awareness on pollution, end neglect of pollution-related diseases, and mobilise resources and
political will to effectively confront pollution.

Government sets up expert group for suggestions on artificial intelligence policy

October 20, 2017
The Union Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeITY) has set up an internal
expert committee to advise the government on a policy on artificial intelligence (AI).
The expert committee will advise the IT ministry on the most apt technologies for India as
government’s main focus is to reduce cyber-attacks with AI. Its recommendations will be used to
frame the policy.
Seven-point strategy on AI
The government recently had drawn up a seven-point strategy that would form the framework
for India’s strategic plan to use AI. The strategy includes developing methods for human machine
interactions; creating a competent workforce in line with AI and R&D needs, ensuring safety and
security of AI systems; understanding and addressing the ethical, legal and societal implications
of AI, measuring and evaluating AI technologies through standards and benchmarks, among
others.
Artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence is branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave
like humans. In contrast to normal hardware and software, AI enables a machine to perceive and
respond to its changing environment. The artificial intelligence market is estimated to touch $153
billion in 2020 and expected to grow at a compounded annual growth rate (cagr) of 45.4% from
2016 to 2022. It is also widely seen as major challenge in generation of employment as many
companies are likely to depend more on it to cut down on human resources.
Globally too, there is a growing interest in artificial intelligence. In 2016, White House had
initiated work on Preparing for the future of artificial intelligence; in UK, the House of Commons
committee on S&T had looked at robotics and artificial intelligence while in 2017, State Council of
China had started work on next generation artificial intelligence development plan.
October 21-22, 2017
5-member committee formed to select editor-in-chief of RSTV
October 21, 2017
Rajya Sabha Chairman M Venkaiah Naidu has constituted five-member Search-cum-Selection
committee to select candidate for post of editor-in-chief of Rajya Sabha TV (RSTV).
It will be headed by Prasar Bharati Chairman A Surya Prakash and its other members are Rajya
Sabha MP Swapan Dasgupta, Prasar Bharati CEO Shashi Shekhar Vempati, Additional Secretary
(Personnel) in the Rajya Sabha Secretariat PPK Ramacharyulu and journalist Rahul Srivastava.
Rajya Sabha TV (RSTV)
RSTV is owned and operated by upper house of Indian Parliament i.e. Rajya Sabha and vice-
president of India is its chairman. Its mandate is to telecast live coverage of Rajya Sabha
proceedings and incisive analysis of parliamentary affairs. It aims at providing an objective
perspective on national and international affairs to the people and provide platform for
knowledge-based programmes for discerning viewer.
The channel offers special attention to legislative business undertaken by Parliament. It also has
conceptualised programmes on basis of the vibrant relationship between Parliament and people.
It touches upon all aspects of social, economic and political and cultural life of the people, while
promoting scientific temper among masses.

October 21: Police Commemoration Day

October 21, 2017
The Police Commemoration Day is observed on October 21st every year to pay homage to the
Police Martyrs. The day commemorates supreme sacrifices of ten policemen while defending
borders with China in 1959. It was observed in all Police Lines throughout India to mark memory
of these gallant Police personnel killed on duty during the year.
Background
The Police Commemoration Day was instituted at the Annual Conference of Inspectors General of
Police of States and Union Territories held in January 1960. Since 2012, Police Commemoration
Day Parade is being held at the National level at the Police Memorial, Chanakyapuri.
So far since Independence, 34,418 Police personnel have sacrificed their lives for safeguarding the
integrity of nation and providing security to people of this country. During last one year, from
September 2016 to August 2017, 383 Police personnel have laid down their lives.
Why Police Commemoration Day is celebrated?
Till autumn of 1959, Indian Police personnel were responsible for manning 2,500 mile long border
of India with Tibet (now China). On October 20, 1959, three reconnaissance parties were launched
from Hot Springs in North Eastern Ladakh in preparation for further movement of Indian
expedition which was on its way to Lanak La. While members of two parties returned to Hot
Springs by afternoon of that day, third one comprising of two Police Constables an Porter did not
return.
All available personnel were mobilized early next morning in search of missing personnel. At
about mid-day, Chinese Army personnel were seen on hillock who opened fire and threw grenades
at party led by. Since there was no cover, most personnel were injured. Ten brave Police Personnel
attained martyrdom and seven others sustained injuries. The seven injured were taken prisoners
by Chinese while the remaining managed to escape.
Government permits banks to sell more small savings schemes
October 21, 2017
The Union Finance Ministry has allowed banks, including top three private sector lenders to
accept deposits under various small savings schemes in order to encourage savings.
Until now, most of the small savings schemes were sold through post offices. This decision will
allow increase outlets for selling small savings scheme that will result in higher mobilisation
under scheme.
Key Facts
Now banks are eligible to sell National Savings Time Deposit Scheme 1981, National Savings
(Monthly Income Account) Scheme 1987, National Savings Recurring Deposit Scheme 1981 and
NSC VIII issue. All public sector banks (PSBs) and top three in the private sector viz. ICICI Bank,
HDFC Bank and Axis Bank can receive subscription from the expanded portfolios. So far, these
banks were allowed to receive subscription under Public Provident Fund (PPF), Kisan Vikas
Patra-2014, Sukanya Samriddhi Account, Senior Citizen Savings Scheme-2004.
Small saving schemes
Small Savings Schemes are government run social welfare schemes that provide higher interest
rate. These schemes are meant for small investors backed by a sovereign guarantee and tax
benefits

APEDA to promote NE products in Bangladesh and Myanmar

October 21, 2017
The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) has taken
up a programme for promotion of north eastern products in Bangladesh and Myanmar. In this
regard, it has proposed to organise promotional programmes in Bangladesh and Myanmar in
association with the High Commission of India in Dhaka and its Embassy in Yangon.
The export of APEDA scheduled products to Bangladesh during 2016-17 was of US $396.44 million.
The major products exported to Bangladesh include rice, fruits, wheat, vegetables, maize, dairy
products and pulses. The export of APEDA scheduled products for Myanmar during 2016-17 was
of US $24.15 million. The major products exported to Myanmar include rice, cereal preparations,
maize, rice, fruits, and vegetable seeds.
Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)
The APEDA is an apex statutory export promotion organisation under the Union Ministry of
Commerce and Industry. It was established under APEDA Act, 1985. It is mandated with
responsibility of promotion and development of the export of its scheduled products which
includes all agricultural products.
Rajasthan Government introduces bill prohibiting probes against judges, officers without sanction
October 21, 2017
Rajasthan Government has introduced The Code of Criminal Procedure (Rajasthan Amendment)
Bill, 2017 in the state assembly to protect both serving and former judges, magistrates and public
servants in state from being investigated for on-duty action without its prior sanction. The bill
replaces Criminal Laws (Rajasthan Amendment) Ordinance, 2017 promulgated in this regard.
Features of Bill
The Bill prevents courts from taking up private complaints against both serving and former
judges, magistrates and public servants in state for on-duty action without its prior sanction. It
also bars media from reporting on such matters involving accusations against public servants
until sanction to proceed with probe is obtained.
The bill amends Criminal Code of Procedure (CrPC), 1973. It curbs publishing and printing or
publicising in any case the name, address, photograph, family details of the public servants.
It make additions to sections 156 (3) and 190 (1) of CrPC which empower a magistrate to take
cognizance of an offence and order an investigation. It provides 180 days immunity to officers as it
has provision mentioning no magistrate can order an investigation nor will any investigation be
conducted against person who is or was a judge or a magistrate or a public servant.
Its violation will call for two years imprisonment. If there is no decision on the sanction request
post the stipulated time period (180 days), it will automatically mean that sanction has been
granted.
GSTN launches excel-based offline tool to file initial GSTR-3B returns
October 21, 2017
The Goods and Services Tax Network (GSTN) has launched excel-based offline facility to allow
taxpayers to finalise their GSTR-3B forms on their own computers before uploading it onto the
portal in order to minimise chances of errors before uploading on portal. Taxpayers have to file
the summary GSTR-3B forms each month till January.
Key Facts
This Excel based offline facility will provide an opportunity to the taxpayer to verify the details of

GSTR 3B before filing and minimise chances of error. It will make the process of filing returns
simpler. The offline utility is designed to help taxpayers to prepare their GSTR-3B return on their
computer system. The taxpayer can download the offline utility from the GST Portal under the
Download Section. Using it, taxpayers can fill data and then create json file for uploading the same
on GST Portal.
Goods and Services Tax Network (GSTN)
GSTN is a not for profit, non-Government, private limited company incorporated in 2013. It has
been set up primarily to provide IT infrastructure and services to the Central and State
Governments, tax payers and other stakeholders for implementation of Goods and Services Tax
(GST).
The Union Government holds 24.5% equity in GSTN. All States including two UTs (Delhi and
Puducherry) and Empowered Committee of State Finance Ministers (EC) together hold another
24.5%. Balance 51% equity is with non-Government financial institutions-HDFC Bank Ltd (10%),
HDFC Ltd (10%), ICICI Bank Ltd (10%), NSE Strategic Investment Corporation Ltd (10%) and LIC
Housing Finance Limited (11%).
The Revenue Model of GSTN after GST rollout consists of User Charge to be paid by stakeholders
who will use the system and thus it will be a self-sustaining organization
Peru approves medicinal use of marijuana
October 21, 2017
The Peruvian Congress has approved a bill to authorises the medicinal and therapeutic use of
cannabis (marijuana) in the country. It makes production, import and commercial sale of
marijuana and its derivatives legal.
With this Peru became sixth country in Latin America to legalise cannabis. Uruguay was first in
2013, allowing sales of cannabis any purpose. It was followed by Mexico, Argentina, Colombia and
Chile.
Marijuana
Marijuana is greenish-gray mixture of dried, shredded leaves, stems, seeds and flowers of
Cannabis sativa – the hemp plant. Most people smoke marijuana, though it can also be used in
other forms such as edibles, powders and oils. It used for controlling pain for medical issues, like
cancer, nervous system diseases, glaucoma, migraines, etc and also used to treat nausea and
improve appetites for people with HIV or other chronic illnesses.
The health effects of marijuana use can lead to a rapid heart rate, increase blood pressure, red
eyes, dry mouth, increased appetite and slowed reaction time in short term. In long term, daily use
of marijuana during adolescent years may result in impaired learning, memory and decreased IQ.
NASA extends Dawn Mission at dwarf planet Ceres
October 21, 2017
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has approved second extension of
Dawn mission at Ceres dwarf planet which is the largest object in the asteroid belt between Mars
and Jupiter.
During this extension, Dawn spacecraft will descend to lower altitudes than ever before at dwarf
planet, which it has been orbiting since March 2015. It will continue remainder of its science
investigation of Ceres and will remain in a stable orbit indefinitely after its hydrazine fuel runs
out.

Key Facts
The priority of second extension mission is to collect data with Dawn’s gamma ray and neutron
spectrometer, which measures number and energy of gamma rays and neutrons. The information
obtained will help in understanding composition of Ceres’ uppermost layer and presence of ice it
contains.
During this extended mission, Dawn spacecraft will take visible-light images of Ceres’ surface
geology with its camera, as well as measurements of dwarf planet’s mineralogy with its visible
and infrared mapping spectrometer. It will also allow Dawn to be in orbit when dwarf planet goes
through perihelion, its closest approach to Sun, which will occur in April 2018.
Dawn Mission
It was launched by NASA in 2007 to study the two massive protoplanets of the asteroid belt: Vesta
and the dwarf planet Ceres, celestial bodies believed to have accreted early in the history of the
solar system. The mission is managed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
Dawn spacecraft’s major components are contributed by NASA’s European partners i.e. from
German Aerospace Center, Italian National Astrophysical Institute and Italian Space Agency and.
It is NASA’s first exploratory mission to use ion propulsion to enter orbits.
It had created history by becoming only mission ever to orbit two extraterrestrial targets. It
orbited giant asteroid Vesta for 14 months from 2011 to 2012, then continued on to dwarf planet
Ceres, where it has been in orbit since March 2015.
October 23, 2017
HRD Ministry pushes for cash-free campuses
October 23, 2017
The Union Ministry of Human Resource Development (HRD) is aiming to make financial
transactions completely digital in all higher education institutions. Under this initiative, all public
and private institutions including Central and State universities will be fully digitised.
The HRD Ministry is aiming to fully digitise all campus processes including admissions,
assessments, result declaration. Moreover, all canteens and business establishments on campus
are also encouraged to resort to digital modes using e-wallets by linking the bank accounts with
Aadhaar.
Key Facts
The higher education regulators like All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and
University Grants Commission (UGC) have been taken on board to help facilitate this transition.
The HRD Ministry has asked universities to appoint nodal officer for this purpose and send a
monthly report to the UGC. The work of developing modules for the internal process is also given
to an agency. Under this digitisation initiative, the complete digitisation target will be achieved
within six to eight months.
Vittiya Saksharta Abhiyan (VISAKA)
The HRD Ministry had launched Vittiya Saksharta Abhiyan (VISAKA), a digital financial literacy
campaign aimed to actively engage youth and students of Higher Education Institutions to
encourage and motivate all payers and payees to use a digitally enabled cashless economic system
for transfer of funds. So far, it has enrolled lakhs of volunteers from among students to train
families in their neighbourhood to conduct financial transactions digitally through BHIM app.
They also helped shopkeepers, vendors and merchants’ associations in major markets, talk to shift

to digital transactions. Around 2000 higher education institutions were made digital as part of
this initiative.
Government makes mandatory for Banks to match original IDs with photocopies
October 23, 2017
The Department of Revenue (DoR), Finance Ministry has made it mandatory for banks and
financial institutions to check original identification documents of individuals dealing in cash
above prescribed threshold to weed out use of forged or fake copies.
In this regard, DoR has issued an official gazette notification making an amendment to Prevention
of Money-laundering (Maintenance of Records) Rules.
Background
The Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002 forms core of legal framework to combat
money laundering and generation of black money. The PMLA and its rules impose obligation on
reporting entities like banks, financial institutions and intermediaries to verify identity of clients,
maintain records and furnish information to Financial Intelligence Unit of India (FIU-IND).
Intermediaries like chit fund company, stock broker, cooperative bank, housing finance institution
and non-banking finance companies (NBFCs) are also classified as reporting entities.
New Rule
The new rule now requires reporting entity to compare copy of officially valid id produced by
client with original and recording same on copy. It also has made mandatory for biometric
identification number Aadhaar and other official documents requirement to be obtained by
reporting entities from anyone opening bank account as well as for any financial transaction of Rs
50,000 and above. The same is also required for all cash dealing of more than Rs 10 lakh or its
equivalent in foreign currency.
If valid document furnished does not contain updated address, utility bill like telephone,
electricity, post-paid mobile phone, piped gas or water bill not more than two months old can be
considered as a proof of address. Besides, property or municipal tax receipt, pension or family
pension payment orders issued to retired employees by Government departments or letter of
allotment of accommodation from employer can be also considered for same purpose.
Denmark Open: Kidambi Srikanth wins third Super Series title
October 23, 2017
India’s ace shuttler Kidambi Srikanth (World No. 8) won US $750,000 Denmark Open title of
badminton in the men’s single category. In the final match, he defeated South Korea’s Lee Hyun II
by 21-10, 21-5 score. It was Kidambi Srikanth’s third Super Series Premier title in 2017 season after
wining Australian Super Series title and Indonesia Super Series Premier title.
Other category winners
Women’s singles: Ratchanok Inthanon (Thailand) won the title by defeating Akane Yamaguchi
(Japan) by 14-21 21-15 21-19 score.
Men’s Double: Chinese pair of Liu Cheng and Zhang Nan won the title by defeating Indonesian
pair of Marcus Fernaldi Gideon and Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo by 21-19, 22-24, 21-19 score.
Women’s doubles: South Korean pair of Lee So-hee and Shin Seung-chan won the title by
defeating Japanese pair of Shiho Tanaka and Koharu Yonemoto by 21-13 and 21-16 score.
Mixed doubles: Chinese pair of Zheng Siwei and Chen Qingchen won the title by defeating Hong
Kong pair of Tang Chun Man and Tse Ying Suet by 22-24, 21-19 and 21-23 score.

2017 Denmark Super Series Premier

It was ninth Super Series tournament of the 2017 BWF Super Series. The tournament took place at
Odense Sports Park in Odense, Denmark from October 17 – 22, 2017 and had a total prize of
$750,000.
4th ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting-Plus to be held in Philippines
October 23, 2017
The fourth edition of ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting (ADMM)-Plus will be held in Philippines.
India will be represented by Union Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman. It is her first foreign
visit as Defence Minister.
Key Facts
The ADMM Plus meeting is expected to discuss ways to enhance defence and security co-
operation among the member nations to effectively counter various transnational security
challenges facing the region. It is also likely to discuss enhancing maritime security cooperation
among the member countries. It will also deliberate extensively on the situation in Afghanistan
and Syria besides China’s growing military presence in the disputed South China Sea.
ADMM-Plus
The ADMM-Plus is platform for ASEAN and its eight dialogue partners to strengthen security and
defence co-operation for peace, stability, and development in the region. Its objective is to
promote mutual trust and confidence between defence establishments through greater dialogue
and transparency.
The inaugural ADMM-Plus was convened in Hanoi, Vietnam in 2010. The defence ministers then
had agreed on five areas of practical cooperation, including maritime security, counter-terrorism,
peacekeeping operations and humanitarian assistance.
Sri Lankan Coast Guard commissions OPV SURAKSHA gifted by India
October 23, 2017
Sri Lankan Coast Guard has commissioned Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) SURAKSHA gifted by
India at Colombo port. It is first OPV of Sri Lankan Coast Guard.
Sri Lankan Coast Guard Ship (SLCGS) Suraksha earlier belonged to Indian Coast Guard (ICG) and
was known as Varuna. It was officially handed over to Sri Lanka Navy at ceremony held at Kochi
Port in India in September 2017.
SLCGS Suraksha
SLCGS Suraksha is 74.10m in length and 11.4m in breadth. It has displacement of 1,160 tons. It can
sail at speed of 22 nautical miles per hour. It can cover 8,500 nautical miles maintaining speed of
16 nautical miles per hour. It is manned by crew of 14 officers and 86 sailors.
It will be used by Sri Lanka Coast Guard for patrolling and surveillance in Sri Lanka waters,
humanitarian assistance and disaster response operations, prevention of maritime pollution as
well as training purposes. Besides it play a crucial role in strengthening the Sri Lanka’s naval
capabilities
INCG Varuna
It was inducted into Indian Coast Guard in February 1988 and provided three decades of service in
India. It was fourth of in its class of OFV built by the Mumbai-based Mazagon Dock. It has
numerous operational achievements and had recorded a number of arrests of smugglers with gold
worth several crore in the late 1980s. It was used as cadet training ship for the last 10 years and
was part of the 1st Training Squadron (1 TS) of the Indian Navy which trains officer sea trainees of

both the Navy as well as the Coast Guard.

PM launches South Asia’s first Ro-Ro ferry service in Gujarat
October 23, 2017
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated first phase of Ro-Ro (roll-on, roll-off) ferry service
between Ghogha in Bhavnagar district and Dahej in Bharuch district in the Gulf of Cambay,
Gujarat. It is South Asia’s first world class Ro-Ro ferry service.
Key Facts
The Ro-Ro ferry services are vessels made to carry wheeled cargo (such as cars, trucks, semi-
trailer trucks, trailers, and railroad cars) that are driven on and off ferry on their own wheels or
using a platform vehicle. It is opposite of lift-on and lift-off (lo-lo) vessels which uses crane to load
and unload cargo.
The first of its kind Ro-Ro ferry in India will be able to carry up to 100 vehicles and 250 passengers
between the two ports. It will reduce the distance between Ghogha in Saurashtra and Dahej is
South Gujrat from 310 kilometres by road to 30 kilometres. Besides, it will also reduce seven to
eight hours of travel time to link Saurashtra with South Gujarat to one hour.
Benefits
The ferry service will save travel time and fuel and reduce pressure on congested roads. It will
promote regional trade and business and prove to be game-changer for transportation of goods
and passengers. It will provide at least one crore jobs in the next 4-5 years. It will give a boost to
the local economy.

Background
Ro-Ro ferry is a small part of Sagarmala project of Central Government that aims to promote port-
led development in the country by harnessing India’s 7,500-km long coastline, 14,500-km of
potentially navigable waterways and strategic location on key international maritime trade
routes.
India’s first Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendra for Skilling in Smart Cities inaugurated in New Delhi
October 23, 2017
India’s first Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendra (PMKK) for Skilling in Smart Cities was inaugurated
at Mandir Marg, New Delhi. It has been set up Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana by National
Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) in collaboration with New Delhi Municipal Council
(NDMC).
Key Facts
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana is flagship scheme of MSDE to enable large number of
youth to take up industry relevant skill training to make them employable. Under it, the newly
inaugurated NDMC-PMKK Centre for Skilling in Smart leverages NDMC infrastructure for
skilling initiatives.
The PMKK Centre for Smart Cities will provide skill training for unemployed youth through its
short-term training (STT) module and contribute to capacity building of municipal employees
through Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) program.
It has exemplary heritage building of approximately 30,000 sq ft with a capacity of skilling 4,000
youth annually. It will be catering needs of healthcare and solar energy sectors and will be
managed by one of NSDC’s affiliated training partners – Orion Edutech.
It also affirms synergies with Union Government’s flagship programs. It underscore commitment
of Union Ministry of Urban Affairs & Housing (MUHA) and Union Ministry of Skill Development
& Entrepreneurship (MSDE) to support skilling in smart cities.
October 24, 2017
October 24: World Development Information Day
October 24, 2017
The World Development Information Day (WDID) is observed every year on October 24 to draw
attention of world to development problems and necessity of strengthening international
cooperation to solve them.
To celebrate this day, many events are organized to focus attention on work that UN does,
particularly with regard to problems of trade and development. Many of these are aimed at
journalists working for range of media, including radio, television, newspapers, magazines and
internet sites.
Background
The UN Conference on Trade and Development on May 17, 1972 had proposed measures for
information dissemination and mobilization of public opinion relative to trade and development
problems. These measures came to be known as resolution 3038 (XXVII), which was passed by UN
General Assembly in 19, 1972 and instituted World Development Information Day on October 24.
The UNGA decided that date for day should coincide in principle with 24 October, which was also
date of adoption of International Development Strategy for Second United Nations Development
Decade in 1970. The purpose of day is to improve dissemination of information and mobilization of

public opinion, particularly among young people. It will lead to greater awareness of problems of
development, thus, promoting efforts in sphere of international cooperation for development
56th Raising Day of ITBP observed
October 24, 2017
The 56th raising day of the Indo Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) was celebrated 24 October. It was
raised on 24th October in 1962. ITBP is deployed on guarding 3488 kilometer long India-China
Border from Karakoram Pass in Ladakh to Jachep La in Arunachal Pradesh. Its protects and
manages outposts located on altitudes ranging from 9000 feet to 18700 feet in the Western,
Middle and Eastern Sector of the India-China Border.
Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)
The ITBP (भारत-तिब्बत सीमा पुलिस बल) is one of five Central Armed Police Forces of
India. It was raised on 24 October 1962, under CRPF Act, in wake of 1962 Sino-Indian War. It was
provided full autonomy after Parliament enacted the Indo-Tibetan Border Police Force Act, 1992.
It works under command of Union Home Ministry.
Its motto is Shaurya – Dridhata – Karm Nishtha (English: Valour – Steadfastness and
Commitment). At present, ITBP is strong Central Armed Police Force of 90000 personnel. It
primarily guards the 3,488 km long Indo-China border along Tibet Autonomous Region.
ITBP force is also engaged in a variety of internal security tasks including disaster management,
civil Medical Camp, nuclear, biological and chemical disasters and UN peacekeeping missions
around the world.
Paika rebellion to be named as 1st War of Independence: Government
October 24, 2017
The Union Human Resource Development Minister Prakash Javadekar has announced that Paika
rebellion (Paika Bidroha) of 1817 will be named as First War of Independence against British Rule
in history books from next academic session. Earlier, 1857 Sepoy Mutiny was regarded as the First
War of Indian Independence, but Paika Bidroha predates it.
Paika Bidroha (rebellion)
Paiks were traditional landed militia under Gajapati rulers of Odisha. They used to perform
policing functions and owned rent-free land that was given to them for their military service to
Kingdom of Khurda. However they were forcefully usurped their land rendering them landless by
the policies of British East India Company. They were also subjected to repressive land revenue
policies and humiliation by the British.
At that critical juncture, Bakshi Jagabandhu Bidyadhar, the military chief of King of Khurda led
army of Paikas forcing the East India Company (British) forces to retreat in 1817. During the
rebellion, Paikas had attacked British symbols of power, setting ablaze policestations,
administrative offices and treasury during their march towards Khurda, from where British fled.
They were supported by local rajas of Kujang, Kanika, Nayagarh and Ghumusar and zamindars,
village heads and ordinary peasants.
The British were initially taken aback and then tried to regain lost ground from the rebelling
Paikas. Many a battle ensued with some victories to the rebel Paiks but the British finally
managed to defeat them within three months. Widespread suppression followed with killing and
imprisonment of many Paiks.
Some Paik rebels fought a guerilla war till 1819 but were captured and killed. Baxi Jagabandhu was

finally arrested in 1825 and died in captivity in 1829. At present, Paika Bidroha enjoys a cult status
in Odisha but unfortunately it has received less attention at the national level.
24 October: United Nations Day
October 24, 2017
The United Nations Day is observed every year on 24th October to mark anniversary of entry into
force of UN Charter in 1945. With ratification of this founding document by majority of its
members, including five permanent members of UN Security Council, United Nations officially
came into existence.
Since then, 24th October is celebrated as UN Day. On this day all member states of UN contribute
finances to its operation to help further its goals.
United Nations
UN is successor of ineffective League of Nations and was established in 1945 after World War II in
order to prevent another such conflict. Now, it has become world’s only truly universal global
organization and is foremost forum to address issues that transcend national boundaries and
cannot be resolved by any one country acting alone.
Its prime role is to maintain world peace, human rights, promote social and economic
development and provide aid around the world in cases of famine, natural disaster and armed
conflict.
The main organs of UN are: General Assembly (UNGA), Security Council (UNSC), Economic and
Social Council (UNESOC), International Court of Justice (ICJ), UN Secretariat, Trusteeship
Council.
League of Nations (LoN)
LoN was founded in January, 1920 as a result of Paris Peace Conference that ended World War I.
LoN was first international organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.
But onset of World War II, demonstrated that LoN failed in its primary purpose of preventing
another world war.
TRAI recommends 40% reduction in carbon emission by 2022-23 for sustainable
telecommunications
October 24, 2017
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has recommended 40% reduction in carbon
emissions in telecom networks by 2022-23 considering 2011-12 as the base year in order to make
telecom sector greener.
It was mentioned in TRAI’s recommendation to Department of Telecom (DoT) on approach
towards sustainable telecommunications.
Key Facts
The target for reduction in carbon emission will be set as 30% by year 2019-20 taking base year as
2011-12 and 40% by year 2022-23. The targets will be reviewed in year 2022-23. TRAI has set
target of 5% by year 2012-2013, 8% by 2014-2015, 12% by 2016-2017 and 17% by 2018-2019 for
carbon emission reduction.
TRAI has suggested government to pass all benefits granted under various schemes for using
renewable energy technologies (RET) to operators in order to encourage them to adopt clean
energy alternatives. Further, it has recommended telecom operators to voluntarily adopt RET
solutions, energy efficient equipments and high capacity fast charging storage solutions in order

to meet target for reduction of carbon footprint.

TRAI also has suggested that electricity generated by RET solutions funded or maintained by
telecom operators should be subtracted from overall carbon emission of company, irrespective of
its use. Furthermore, if DoT adopts recommendations, it should allow service providers to adopt a
Voluntary Code of Practice encompassing energy efficient network planning, deployment of
energy efficient technologies, infra-sharing and adoption of RET.
If these recommendations are implemented by DoT, report of carbon footprint of telecom
operators must submitted annually within 45 days after March of every year. The first report of
carbon footprint for base year 2011-12 as per revised formula will be submitted within 3 months
from date of issuance of instructions by DoT.
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI)
TRAI is an independent regulator of telecommunications business in India. It came into existence
by Act of the Parliament in 1997. Its mandate is to deliver a fair and transparent environment for
fair competition in telecom market. TRAI also fixes or revises the tariffs for telecom services in
India.
Government appoints Dineshwar Sharma as its representative in J&K
October 24, 2017
The Union Government has appointed former Intelligence Bureau (IB) Chief Dineshwar Sharma as
its Representative (or special interlocutor) to initiate and carry forward sustained dialogue on
Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) with all stakeholders
In his new role, he will have rank equivalent to a Cabinet Secretary and complete independence in
deciding who to hold talks with.
Need
Due to prolonged anti-india protest, rising insurgency in Kashmir valley, intense counter-
insurgency operation by armed forces has caused acute distress in region. There is demand from
various sections for sustained political outreach to prevent radicalisation of local youth which is
also topmost concern for Indian security establishment. It is seen that sustained political dialogue
with all the stakeholders will have lasting solution and it will help in confidence-building
measures between government, civil society and dissidents in Kashmir.
Key Facts
As Government of India’s representative, Dineshwar Sharma will likely hold talks with elected
representatives, various organizations and concerned individuals in the State of Jammu and
Kashmir. He will have dialogue with mainstream local political workers of PDP, National
Conference and Congress, heads of various religious seminaries in Valley, local student unions etc.
He will try to understand legitimate aspirations of the people of the state and to know how things
are panning out on ground for and against India.
Dineshwar Sharma
He is 1976 batch IPS officer of Kerala cadre. He has worked as mediator for talks with various
insurgent groups based in Assam including the United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA). He had
worked as director of IB include from 2014 to 2016. He had served as DIG of Border Security Force
(BSF) and as IG of CRPF in charge of J&K.
RBI sets up task force for India Public Credit Registry
October 24, 2017
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has constituted high-level task force on public credit registry

(PCR) for India. It will be chaired by Y M Deosthalee, former CMD of L&T Finance Holdings Ltd
and will have nine other members.
Public credit registry keeps extensive database of credit information that is accessible to all
stakeholders. It helps good borrowers in securing credit at lowers costs and also improve access
of credit to small and medium enterprises. It is mainly set up by central bank of the country for
reporting of loan details to Registry by lenders and borrowers mandated by law. It mainly keeps
records of individuals and firms on repayment history, unpaid debts, or credit outstanding.
Terms of reference of task force
It will review current availability of information on credit in country, assess gaps in India that
could be filled by a comprehensive PCR and suggest roadmap including priority areas for
developing a transparent, comprehensive and near-real-time PCR for India.
It will also study best international practices on PCR, decide structure of new information system.
It will also determine scope and target of comprehensive PCR such as type of information that
should be covered along with cut-off size of credit. It will submit its report by April 2018.
Background
Currently, there are four credit bureaus in India — Credit Information Bureau (India) Limited
(CIBIL), Experian, Equifax and CRIF Highmark. These bureaus are regulated by the RBI under the
Credit Information Companies (Regulation) Act, 2005. They provide credit scores and allied
reports and services. As of now, their analysis reports are used for issuing credit cards and for
taking decisions mainly on retail loans.
All-women crew of Navika Sagar Parikrama expedition reaches Fremantle
October 24, 2017
INSV Tarini carrying all-women crew members of Navika Sagar Parikrama, India’s first ever
circumnavigation expedition of globe by all-women crew entered west Australian port of
Fremantle.
It is first stop over of INSV Tarini since the expedition was flagged off by Defence Minister
Nirmala Sitharaman in Goa in September 2017. So far, the vessel has covered 4,800 nautical miles
from Goa, crossing Equator and Tropic of Capricorn.
INSV Tarini
INSV Tarini is 55 foot sailing vessel built indigenously in India by M/s Aquarius Shipyard Pvt Ltd,
Goa. It was inducted into the Indian Navy recently in February 2017. It carries a suite of six sails,
including a main sail, head sails (Genoa and stay sails), downwind sails and storm sail.
The boat has been named after famous ‘Tara-Tarini’ temple in Ganjam district of Odisha. The
word ‘Tarini’ means boat and in Sanskrit it means saviour. Tara-Tarini is patron deity for sailors
and merchants and is worshipped for safety and success at sea.
INSV Tarini has advance Raymarine navigation suite and an array of satellite communication
systems for perfect navigation anywhere in world. It is sister vessel of INSV Mhadei which was
used by Captain (Retd) Dilip Donde to successfully undertake India’s first solo circumnavigation in
2009.
Navika Sagar Parikrama
It is Indian Navy’s all-women expedition to circumnavigate the globe to promote ocean sailing
and spirit of adventure. It will circumnavigate globe in approximately 165 days and is expected to
return to Goa in April 2018. The expedition will be covered in five legs, with stop-overs at 4 ports

Fremantle (Australia), Lyttleton (New Zealand), Port Stanley (Falklands), and Cape Town (South
Africa) for replenishment of ration and repairs as necessary.
Significance
Navika Sagar Parikrama voyage is in consonance with National policy to empower women to
attain their full potential. It also aims to showcase India’s Nari Shakti on world platform and help
revolutionize societal attitudes and mindset towards women by raising visibility of their
participation in challenging environs.
The voyage also aims to show case ‘Make in India’ initiative by sailing onboard indigenously built
INSV Tarini. It also encourage use of environment friendly non-conventional renewable energy
resources as ship harnesses wind, a renewable energy. The crew will also monitor and report
marine pollution on the high seas.
October 25, 2017

India ink $300 Million loan agreement with ADB to promote fiscal reforms in West Bengal
October 25, 2017
The Union Government has inked $300 million loan agreement with Asian Development Bank for
Second West Bengal Development Finance Program.
The new program is built on earlier intervention under Phase I of project through the $400
million Program that targeted comprehensive fiscal consolidation program in the state. It will
continue series of fiscal reforms in West Bengal to improve quality of public service delivery.
Second West Bengal Development Finance Program
The program aims to further deepen reforms with focus on expenditure rationalization,
improvement in revenue administration, and facilitation of more private investment in the state.
It also targets to further increase in public investment through reduction of unproductive
expenditure and savings from efficiencies in revenue collections.

It will create the fiscal space necessary to sustain higher public investment in the state which
could put state’s finances on balanced and sustainable path. It targets both public and private
investments more directly by creating an infrastructure facility to support project preparation,
development and appraisal with emphasis on public-private partnerships (PPP) in health and
education sectors. It also seeks to simplify the registration and licensing procedure for micro,
small and medium enterprises (MSMEs).
It is spread over two years and carry forward reforms such as linking medium term expenditure
plans to actual budgets, supported by strengthening internal audit system and enhancements in
integrated financial management system (IFMS). It will also cover other activities such as
improved tax monitoring and continued support for information technology systems in
strengthening tax and land administration.
Background
ADB’s first West Bengal Development Finance Program focused on augmenting public
investments that reached almost 1.3%, as percentage of gross state domestic product in FY2016
from 0.5% in FY2012 while fiscal deficit reduced to 2.2% from 3.4% in same period.
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
ADB is a regional development bank which aims to promote social and economic development in
Asia. It was established on 19 December 1966. It is headquartered in Manila, Philippines. The ADB
has been modelled closely on the World Bank. It has 67 members, of which 48 are from within Asia
and the Pacific and 19 outside.
24 October: World Polio Day
October 25, 2017
The World Polio Day is observed annually across world on 24 October to create awareness about
the hazards of the crippling Polio disease.
The day was established by Rotary International to commemorate birth of Jonas Salk who had led
the first team of researchers which had developed a vaccine against poliomyelitis (polio virus).
This development had led to widespread use of this inactivated poliovirus vaccine and
subsequently use of the oral poliovirus, developed by Albert Sabin. It also had led to establishment
of Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in 1988 which has helped to reduce polio worldwide by
99%.
Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI)
GPEI launched in 1988 has played pivotal role in eradication of wild poliovirus. When it was
launched wild poliovirus existed in 125 countries. Now, it exists in two countries Pakistan and
Afghanistan. Till 2012, Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country was reservoir of more than half of
the Polio cases in the world. But in 2015, it was removed from list of Polio endemic countries by
World Health Organization (WHO).
Poliovirus
Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly infectious viral disease, which mainly affects young children below
age of 5. The virus is transmitted from person-to-person. It mainly spreads through the faecal-oral
route (e.g. contaminated water or food). After entering body, it multiplies in the intestine, from
where it can invade the nervous system and can cause paralysis. Its initial symptoms include
fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness in the neck, and pain in the limbs. In some cases, it
causes permanent paralysis. There is no cure for polio, however it can only be prevented by

immunization. Polio vaccine is given multiple times, almost always protects a child for life.
Government launches website of CIPAM
October 25, 2017
The official website of Cell for IPR Promotion and Management (CIPAM) of Department of
Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) was launched in New Delhi Commerce and Industry
Minister Suresh Prabhu.
The interactive website will provide regular updates on all upcoming events of CIPAM including
awareness and sensitization programs and also provide information related to Intellectual
Property Rights (IPR).
Key Facts
The website will also provide regular updates on latest IP trends – statistics on applications filed,
examined, grants and disposal for various IPRs. It will also provide information on various
initiatives being taken by Government to strengthen IPR regime in country.
It will also provide latest news and updates, specially curated feed on all latest happenings in
world of IP and blogs by CIPAM and IP experts. It will also make available resource material on
IPRs specially curated for various levels schools, universities, industry and enforcement agencies.
CIPAM
The CIPAM is nodal agency under aegis of Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion (DIPP),
Ministry of Commerce & Industry. Its mandate is to effectively implement National Intellectual
Property Rights (IPR) Policy adopted in May 2016. It has undertaken several measures to
strengthen IP ecosystem incountry.
World’s oldest maritime astrolabe that guided ships to India found
October 25, 2017
Britain-based shipwreck hunter has found maritime astrolabe, a navigation tool that guided
Portuguese explorers on perilous voyage to India in 16th century. It dates between 1495 and 1500
and has been confirmed as world’s oldest astrolabe.
The maritime astrolabe was discovered during from a shipwreck off coast of Oman in 2014 and
recently was confirmed world’s maritime oldest by Warwick University based on laser scans.
Key Facts
The maritime astrolabe is 17.5-centimetre wide and is made of bronze disc. It carries personal
emblem of King Manuel I of Portugal, who came to throne in October 1495. It is claimed that it
was discovered from shipwreck of ship called Esmeralda, which was part of Vasco da Gama’s
second expedition to India of 1502-1503 and was captained by explorer’s uncle. Vasco Da Gama
was first European to reach India by sea in 1498 and his discovery of sea route had opened way for
age of colonialism and trade between Europe and Asia.
Astrolabe
An astrolabe is an elaborate inclinometer, historically used by astronomers and navigators to
measure inclined position in sky of celestial body, day or night. It can be used to identify stars or
planets and to determine local latitude on land or calm seas given local time (and vice versa) and
to survey. The Portuguese were at forefront of developing astrolabes at sea. The oldest reference
of them using them at sea is about 1480. The previous oldest maritime astrolabe was on a ship
from 1533.

Ministries of Power & Textiles join hands for SAATHI initiative

October 25, 2017
Ministries of Power and Textiles have joined hands under SAATHI (Sustainable and Accelerated
Adoption of efficient Textile technologies to Help small Industries) initiative.
Under this initiative, Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL), a PSU under Ministry of Power,
will procure energy efficient powerlooms, motors and rapier kits in bulk and provide them to
small and medium Powerloom units at no upfront cost.
Key Facts
The SAATHI initiative will be jointly implemented by EESL and office of Textile Commissioner on
pan-India basis. It will be implemented in key clusters such as Erode, Surat, Ichalkaranji, etc. It is
based on the aggregation, bulk procurement and financing model that EESL has successfully
deployed in several sectors like LED bulbs, Smart Meters and Electric Vehicles.
Under this initiative, unit owner does not need to allocate any upfront capital cost to procure
these equipment and also not need to allocate additional expenditure for repayment. The
repayments by unit owner to EESL will made from savings that accrue as result of higher
efficiency equipments and cost savings.
Benefits
The aggregation of demand and bulk procurement will lead to reduction in capital cost and
benefits of it will be passed on to powerloom units so that their repayment amount and period
would reduce. Moreover, use of these efficient equipment will result in energy savings and cost
savings to unit owner and they can repay in instalments to EESL over a 4 to 5 year period.
Background
The Powerloom sector in India is predominantly an unorganized sector and has a large number of
micro and small units which produce 57% of total cloth in country. There are total 24.86 lakhs
Powerloom units in the country, most of them use obsolete technology.
Government is implementing INSITU upgradation of plain Powerlooms as part of Power Tex India
Scheme with a view to upgrading the technology. Under it, plain Powerlooms are attached with
process control equipment leading to higher productivity, better quality and more than 50%
additional value realisation. So far, 1.70 lakhs plain powerlooms have been upgraded under scheme
by providing government subsidy.
CSIR-NIIST scientists develop organic near-infrared filter
October 25, 2017
Scientists from Thiruvananthapuram based CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science
and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) have developed organic filter that allows only near-infrared (NIR)
light to pass through it.
The filter was found to absorb light from 300-850 nm (both ultraviolet, visible and part of NIR
light) and transmit NIR light from 850-1500 nm.
Key Facts
The researchers developed filter by mixing organogel with transparent polymer
(polydimethylsiloxane). The soft organogel was prepared by mixing black dye
(diketopyrrolopyrrole or DPP) having an amide group that helps molecules to be in close contact
with each other and interact, that causes changes in their optical properties. The amide group
helps in binding and self-assembly of molecule leading to formation of soft organogel.
The organogel-based filter has ability to absorb both UV and visible light while allowing NIR light

alone to pass through. The nanofibres formed through self-assembly of DPP molecules that are
responsible for broad light absorption of material, making it appear dark.
Significance
Currently available inorganic filters are expensive and brittle whereas organic filters are easy to
process and flexible too. The filter can be used for night vision glasses, night photography. It will
also have applications in security and forensics such as identifying blood stains on dark fabric
which are invisible to naked eyes but are clearly visible and detectable when viewed through
camera with NIR filter.
Girija Devi: Queen of Thumri passes away
October 25, 2017
Eminent classical singer Girija Devi passed away following a cardiac arrest at age of 88. She was
considered as queen of thumri, a common genre of semi-classical Indian music.
Girija Devi
She was born in zamindar family at village near Banaras on May 8, 1929. She was legendary singer
of the “Seniya and Banaras gharanas”. Music was a part of her life from a very early age. She had
received Padma Shri (1972), Padma Bhushan (1989) Padma Vibhushan (2016), Sangeet Natak
Akademi Award (1977), Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship (2010) and Maha Sangeet Samman
Award (2012) etc.
Thumri
Thumri (ठुमरी) is common genre of semi-classical Indian music originated in eastern part of
Uttar Pradesh. The term ‘thumri’ is derived from Hindi verb thumakna which means to walk with
dancing steps so as to make ankle-bells tinkle.
Thumri is connected with dance, dramatic gestures, mild eroticism, evocative love poetry and folk
songs of Uttar Pradesh, though there are regional variations. Its text is romantic or devotional in
nature and usually revolves around girl’s love for Krishna.
SC bans dirty pet-coke, furnace oil in Haryana, Rajasthan, UP
October 25, 2017
The Supreme Court banned use of pet-coke and dirty furnace oil in Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar
Pradesh from November 1, 2017 in a bid to reduce air pollution in Delhi and National Capital
Region (NCR).
The apex court bench comprising Justice Madan B Lokur and Justice Deepak Gupta was hearing
on PIL filed in 1985 by environmentalist M.C. Mehta who had raised the issue of air pollution in
the Delhi-NCR.
Pet coke and furnace oil has been already banned in Delhi since 1996 as they have been blamed for
releasing deadly sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NO) fumes into air and polluting air.
Key Facts
SC order comes in response to recommendations of Environment Pollution Control Authority
(EPCA) which in its 72nd report had identified these two fuels as major source of pollution in NCR.
It had found that Pet coke emissions are estimated at 72,000 ppm and that from furnace oil at
23,000 ppm.
The apex court also slapped Rs. 2 lakh fine on Ministry of Environment and Forests and Climate
Change (MoEFCC) for failing to come up with emission norms governing 35 hazardous industries
such as fertilisers and manufacturing of nitric acid. It also has directed MoEFCC to notify
standards for NOx and SOx for industry sector and industry has to comply with standards by

December 31, 2017.

Significance of SC directive
It eliminates dirtiest industrial fuels in these three states surrounding Delhi and NCR region. It
also mandates first ever stringent NOx and SOx standards for industry sector nationwide. It also
eliminates in one stroke use of dirtiest bottom of barrel fuels from industrial units of
neighbouring states and makes all industrial units across country liable for compliance with new
emissions standards by December 31, 2017. This order will also have nationwide impact as entire
industrial sector will have to comply with new standards for SOx and NOx that are not regulated
currently in India.
BharatMala Pariyojana: Government to build 83,677 km of infrastructure projects
October 25, 2017
The Union Government has announced to build 83,677km of roads, highways, greenfield
expressways and bridges with investment of Rs.6.92 lakh core in next five years i.e. by 2022 to
further optimise efficiency of movement of goods and people across the country. It also includes
first phase of new umbrella programme BharatMala Pariyojana that involves construction of
34,800 km highways by 2022.
It was announced as part of massive Rs. 9 lakh crore package to give a fillip to economy which also
includes Rs. 2.11 lakh crore for bank recapitalisation to revive investments as well as growth. It
will generate 14.2 crore mandays of jobs.
BharatMala Pariyojana
The BharatMala project will include economic corridors (9,000 km), inter-corridor and feeder
route (6,000 km), national corridors efficiency improvement (5,000 km), border roads and
international connectivity (2,000 km), coastal roads and port connectivity (2,000 km) and
greenfield expressways (800 km).
Further, remaining road projects of 10,000 km under National Highways Development Project
will form a part of programme. Government has identified new routes between economically
important cities that will be 20% longer in terms of distance but take relatively less travel time.
Under programme, roads will be built along borders with Bhutan and Nepal, bottlenecks on
existing Golden Quadrilateral highway network will be removed. Moreover, road connectivity to
small industries will be ensured and manufacturing centres will be connected with national
highways.
Execution Authorities: The project will be executed through Ministry of Road, Transport and
Highways (MoRTH), NHAI, National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation
Limited (NHIDCL) and State Public Works Department (PWDs). The Centre has set a target for
completion of projects in next five years.
Funding: The BharatMala project will be funded in three-pronged manner – market, private
investment and asset recycling of NHAI’s toll assets. Of total Rs.5,35,000 crore, Rs, 2.09 lakh crore
will be raised as debt from market, Rs 1.06 lakh crore will be mobilised through public-private
partnership (PPP) mode and remaining Rs. 2.19 lakh crore will flow from accruals of Central Road
Funds, Toll-Operate-Maintain-Transfer monetisation proceeds and toll collections.

Government announces Bank Recapitalisation Plan to infuse Rs. 2.11 lakh crore capital in PSBs
October 25, 2017
The Union Government has announced Bank Recapitalisation Plan to infuse Rs. 2.11 lakh crore (
$32.4 billion) capital over next two years into public sector banks (PSBs) and prioritised financing
support for MSMEs in 50 clusters. The capital infusion will be accompanied by a series of banking
sector reforms that will be revealed in the coming months.
Key Facts
Under this plan, PSBs will get Rs 1.35 lakh crore from Recapitalisation Bonds, Rs 18,000 crore from
Budgetary and remaining Rs 58,000 crore will be raised through sale of share of banks. The nature
of recapitalisation bonds will be decided in coming months and these bonds will be frontloaded
over next four quarters with maximum timeframe of two years.
Recapitalisation
Simply put, recapitalisation of banks mean adding capital to PSBs. As owners of PSBs, government
can provide capital to them. Recapitalisation injects money without incurring any liability and is
different from loan because, loan has to be repaid.
Need for Recapitalisation
Indian PSBs are saddled with high, non-performing assets (NPAs) and facing prospect of having to
take haircuts on loans stuck in insolvency proceedings. NPAs of banks had more than doubled to
Rs. 7.33 lakh crore in June 2017 from Rs. 2.75 lakh crore in March 2015. Due to this, PSBs were
unable to give fresh loans. Even under the Indradhanush roadmap introduced in 2015, Central
Government had announced to infuse Rs 70,000 crore in PSBs over four years to meet their
capital requirement in line with global risk Basel-III norms to keep these banks fully solvent.
Implications of Recapitalisation
It will increase lending capacity of PSBs which will in turn boost economy and improve private
sector investment especially when International Monetary Fund (IMF) projected growth to 5.7%

which is lowest in three-year and create jobs. The supply of money to PSBs will enable banks lend
lower interest rates. Depending on nature of recapitalisation bonds, their issuance can also impact
the government’s fiscal deficit target i.e. government’s total expenditures may exceed the revenue
that it generates (apart from money from borrowings). The planned capital infusion still falls
short of some estimates that Indian banks need $65 billion of additional capital by March 2019 to
meet Basel III global banking rules.
CVC to develop Integrity Index of 25 Government Organizations
October 25, 2017
The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) has decided to develop Integrity Index of 25
Government Organizations in line with its broader strategy and emphasis on preventive
vigilance.
The index will be for bench-marking internal processes and controls within organisation as well
as management of relationships and expectations of outside stakeholders.
Objectives of Integrity Index
(i) Define what constitutes Integrity of Public Organizations. (ii) Identify different factors of
Integrity and their inter-linkages. (iii) Create objective and reliable tool that can measure
performance of organizations along these above factors. (iv) Validate findings over period of time
to improve upon robustness of tool that measures Integrity. (v) Create internal and external
ecosystem that promotes working with Integrity where public organizations lead way.
Key Facts
The Integrity Index will bring out annual scores and rankings of Public Sector Undertakings
(PSUs), Public Sector Banks (PSBs) and Financial Institutions/Ministries/Departments of Central
Government. It will be done by linking essential drivers of vigilance with long term efficiency,
profitability and sustainability of organizations and create internal and external ecosystem that
promotes working with Integrity in these public organizations.
CVC has adopted research-based approach for creating integrity index with the help of IIM
Ahmedabad. The management of all 25 government organizations have been involved in
development of the index and it will evolve with changing needs. It can be used by various
organizations to measure themselves. Initially 25 organizations have been selected for
development of the index. Subsequently, it will be extended to all other CPSUs and organizations
of Central Government.
Central Vigilance Commission (CVC)
CVC is apex body of Union Government formed to address governmental corruption. It was
established in February 1964 on the recommendations of the K. Santhanam Committee on
Prevention of Corruption. It has status of statutory autonomous body and free of control from any
executive authority as per provisions of Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) Act, 2003. The CVC
is headed by a Central Vigilance Commissioner and has two Vigilance Commissioners.
October 26, 2017
India imposes anti-dumping duty on some stainless steel imports
October 26, 2017
The Union Finance Ministry (Department of Revenue) has imposed anti-dumping duty on some
cold-rolled flat products of stainless steel from China, United States, South Korea and European
Union to curb the influx of cheaper imports and help local producers. The duty will be in effect till

December 2020 and exempts certain grades of stainless steel. However, government has allowed
import of product as long as end use of the import is in same form.
Earlier in October 2017, Government had imposed anti-dumping duty on import of some flat steel
products from China and EU for five years. In September 2017, Government had imposed
additional 18.95% countervailing duty on some hot-rolled and cold-rolled stainless steel flat
products, a first such levy on a steel product.
Anti-dumping Duty
Anti-dumping measures are taken by Government to ensure fair trade and provide level-playing
field to domestic industry. They are not measure to restrict imports or cause unjustified increase
in cost of products. Countries initiate anti-dumping probes to determine if domestic industry has
been hurt by surge in below-cost imports. As a counter-measure, they impose antidumping duties
under multilateral WTO regime. In India, it is recommended by Commerce Ministry’s Directorate
General of Anti-Dumping and Allied Duties (DGAD) and imposed by Finance Ministry.
First BIMSTEC Task Force on Traditional Medicine meeting held in New Delhi
October 26, 2017
The first-ever meeting of BIMSTEC Task Force on Traditional Medicine (BITFM) was held at
Parvasi Bhartiya Kendra in New Delhi. It was organized by Union Ministry of AYUSH.
India being a major stake holder in the field of Traditional Medicine plays an important role in
influencing the policies and strategies related to the Traditional Medicine in the BIMSTEC Forum.
Key Facts
The Meeting discussed important agendas such as implementation of strategies of BITFM,
priority areas for technical and research collaboration among member states on traditional
medicine. It also discussed regional strategy on protection of Genetic Resource associated with
traditional medicine knowledge and intellectual property rights, human resource development
and capacity building among BIMSTEC States. It also discussed new initiatives, proposals and
programmes for cooperation on traditional medicine among BITFM.
Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)
BIMSTEC is international organisation involving a group of countries in the South Asia and South
East Asia namely, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bhutan and Nepal.
Indian Navy approves new mission-based deployment plan
October 26, 2017
Indian Navy has approved new mission-based deployment plan for deploying mission-ready ships
and aircraft along critical sea lanes of communications and choke points in Indian Ocean Region
(IOR).
It was discussed in the ongoing naval commanders’ conference. Besides, new transition cycle for
ships from maintenance periods to operational deployments was also approved.
New mission-based Deployment Plan
Under this mission-based deployment plan, Indian Navy’s 14-15 ships will be deployed year-round
in region to meet any eventuality across spectrum of operations ranging from acts of maritime
terrorism and piracy to Humanitarian Aid and Disaster Relief (HADR) missions. These
deployments are aimed at maintaining 24/7 and round the year vigil with ships being sustained
and turned around on station.
The areas where these ships and corvettes and surveillance aircraft are being deployed include the
Malacca Strait, North Andaman Sea, Andaman Sea including Bangladesh and Myanmar,

Lakshadweep islands and Maldives, besides Madagascar and Persian Gulf. These vessels will
monitor increased Chinese presence in these areas.
New transition cycle
It will allow for focused and gradual transition of ships from periods of maintenance layoffs to
full-scale operations. It focuses efforts of operational commanders on training and safety
inspections of ships before deployment.
Muddle over GEAC’s approval for GM mustard DMH-11
October 26, 2017
It was reported earlier in May 2017 that Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) had
cleared transgenic mustard, DMH-11 for commercial cultivation. However, records of that GEAC
meeting which was made public now do not record any such approval. Though GEAC gave its
approval for commercial cultivation of DHM-11, but the final release will be only after approval of
Environment Minister.
Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC)
GEAC is apex body under Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change for regulating
manufacturing, use, import, export and storage of hazardous micro-organisms or genetically
engineered organisms (GMOs) and cells in the country. It is also responsible for giving technical
approval of proposals relating to release of GMOs and products including experimental field trials.
GM Mustard DMH-11
DMH (Dhara Mustard Hybrid)-11 is genetically modified variety of Herbicide Tolerant (HT)
mustard. It was developed by Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants at Delhi University
under Government sponsored project. It was created by using “barnase/barstar” technology for
genetic modification by adding genes from soil bacterium that makes mustard self-pollinating
plant. It contains three genes viz. Bar gene, Barnase and Barstar sourced from soil bacterium. The
bar gene had made plant resistant to herbicide named Basta.
Comment
If it gets final approval from the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC),
GM mustard DMH-11 will be first GM food crop to be commercially cultivated in India. Right now,
only GM cotton is allowed.
Scientists develop new tool to improve monsoon forecast
October 26, 2017
Scientists from Florida State University in the US have developed new tool for objectively defining
onset and demise of Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) . The new method uses rainfall rates to mark
span of ISM at any given location throughout affected region.
Significance
For generations, scientists have struggled to produce model for reliably defining duration of
monsoon. No existing system has allowed researchers to reliably define parameters of season at
fine scale as seen in this new model. Current weather forecasting and monitoring protocols focus
attention on monsoon onset at one location, specifically in Kerala, and extrapolate for rest of
region.
The new model takes into consideration specific locations by covering whole country, and
objectively defines onset and demise dates for any given year. The new system ties onset of
monsoon to location-specific rainfall thresholds and can work to allay confusion and frustration
due to lack of clear, granular and objective benchmark for ISM onset and demise for all areas of

country.
Global Passport Power Rank 2017: India ranks 75
October 26, 2017
India’s passport was ranked 75th among 94 countries in recently released Global Passport Power
Rank 2017. India was ranked three notches better than its previous ranking.
According to this index, Singapore has world’s most powerful passport, making it first Asian
country to top it. Singapore is followed by Germany, Sweden and South Korea.
Key Facts
In this edition of index, Singapore’s passport scored visa-free score of 159.It means that
approximately 3.4 million holders of Singaporean passports can now travel to 159 countries either
without visa or can have one issued on arrival.
Historically, top 10 most powerful passports in world were mostly European, with Germany
having lead for past two years. Since early 2017, number one position was shared by Singapore
with Germany and steadily it became number one.
US passport was in sixth place, alongside Malaysia, Ireland and Canada. US passport ranking has
fallen down since President Donald Trump took office after Turkey and Central African Republic
(CAR) revoked visa-free status of US passport holders.
India, which was listed 78th in 2015 has improved its ranking, figuring at 75th position with visa-
free score of 51. Afghanistan was placed at last position of 94 rank with a score of 22, followed by
Pakistan and Iraq at 93 with a score of 26, Syria at 92 with score of 29 and Somalia at 91 with score
of 34.
Global Passport Power Rank
The Global Passport Power Rank is released by Canada based global financial advisory firm Arton
Capital. It has become most popular interactive online tool to display, sort and rank world’s
passports. The index ranks national passports by cross-border access they bring, assigning visa-
free score according to number of countries passport holder can visit visa-free or with visa on
arrival.
Start-up Sangam Initiative: Oil companies to back 30 start-ups with Rs 320-crore fund
October 26, 2017
Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas launched Start-up Sangam initiative to develop new
business models, marketing plans, technology and innovations in heavy oil and gas industry
sector by supporting 30 start-ups.
For the same, 10 oil and gas PSUs have setup Rs. 320-crore venture capital fund to encourage
start-ups based on innovative ideas in the energy sector.
Key Facts
The corpus was created by contributions from India Oil Corporation (IOL), ONGC, Engineers
India, Oil India, Numaligarh Refinery, Bharat Petroleum Corporation (BPCL), Hindustan
Petroleum Corporation (HP), GAIL), Balmer Lawrie and Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals.
The selected start-ups will work in various fields related to energy such as converting waste
plastics to petroleum fuels, multipurpose fuel from agricultural waste biomass, solar stove and
leak detectors for liquefied natural gas (LNG) cylinders, Self – sustaining low-maintenances toilets
or eco-toilets and Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) for underwater inspections.
Start-ups in technology field will get 30 months to submit proof of concept whereas start-ups
with business ideas will be given 18 months. These oil and gas PSUs will buy out these projects

submitted by selected startups in given time frame based on merit to do more innovations.
Ichthyosaur fossil discovered for first time in India
October 26, 2017
Geologists for the first time have discovered 152 million-year-old fossil of Ichthyosaur, an extinct
marine reptile in in Kutch desert region of Gujarat. The specimen belongs to Ophthalmosauridae
family of ichthyosaurs that lived in oceans between 165 and 90 million years ago.
The 5.5 m long fossil was found inside rocks from esozoic Era, which ran between 252 and 66
million years ago along with fossils of ammonites and squid-like belemnites. The detail
examination fossil’s teeth suggested that it was top-tier predator in its ecosystem and ate
animals.
Ichthyosaur
Ichthyosaur (or fish- lizards in Greek) was large reptile that lived at same time as dinosaurs. They
were often misidentified as swimming dinosaurs and they first appeared in early Triassic period.
It was noted for its sharp, robust teeth. It became extinct before dinosaurs, dying out in early part
of late Cretaceous period.
Significance of discovery
Until now many ichthyosaur fossils were found in North America and Europe and fossil record in
Southern Hemisphere was mostly limited to South America and Australia. The discovery throws
light on evolution and diversity of ichthyosaurs in Indo-Madagascan region of former
Gondwanaland. It also shows India’s biological connectivity with other continents in Jurassic. It
may also give information in marine connection between India and South America about 150
million years ago.
Earlier too, researchers had discovered evidence of ichthyosaurs from Ariyalur, Tamil Nadu in
2016 which belonged to prehistoric India, but these remnants were only fossils of teeth and part of
vertebra. However, in Kutch, researchers reported finding of vertebral column, neural spines, ribs
and part of snout.
October 27, 2017
October 27: World Day for Audiovisual Heritage
October 27, 2017
The World Day for Audiovisual Heritage (WDAH) is observed every year on October 27 to raise of
awareness of significance of and preservation risks recorded sound and audiovisual documents
(films, sound and video recordings, television and radio programmes).
The 2017 theme of the day selected by UNESCO is “Discover, remember and share”. Observance of
day seeks to raise general awareness to preserve and safeguard important audiovisual material
for future generations and calls to take urgent measures to conserve this heritage and ensure it
remains accessible to public and to future generations.
Background
A proposal to commemorate World Day for Audiovisual Heritage was approved at UNESCO
general conference in 2005. It was observed for the first time in October 27, 2007. The main
objectives of designating 27 October as World Day for Audiovisual Heritage are raising public
awareness of the need for preservation, providing opportunities to celebrate specific local,
national or international aspects of the heritage, highlighting accessibility of archives, attracting
media attention to heritage issues, raising the cultural status of audiovisual heritage ad

highlighting audiovisual heritage in danger especially in developing countries.

27 October: Infantry Day
October 27, 2017
The Infantry Day in observed every year in India on 27 October to commemorate supreme
sacrifices made by Indian Army’s infantry against Pakistan in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) in 1947.
It was first infantry action by Indian Army after independence. Observance of the day also
commemorates infantry’s exceptional courage and dedicated service to nation.
Background
On this day in 1947, Indian Army from 1st Battalion of SIKH Regiment had taken bold action to
thwart nefarious designs to invade J&K by Pakistani Army supported tribals. The infantry of
Indian Army was airdropped after troops were airlifted from Delhi and landed at Srinagar to
liberate Kashmir from invaders in order to protect sovereignty and territorial integrity of nation.
The operation was undertaken following orders of then Prime Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru after
Maharaja Hari Singh, the ruler of princely state of J&K signed Instrument of Accession on 26
October 1947 to accede or merge state with India
Kilogram will get new measure set by value of Planck constant from 2019
October 27, 2017
The International Conference of heads of Metrology Institutes held in Sevres, France has decided
that the measure of kilogram will no longer be pegged to cylinder. From 2019 onwards, it will be
set by value of Planck constant in combination with definitions of meter and second.
Why it was changed?
Till now, the kilogram is the only one among units of measures pegged to real object. It was
pegged to a cylinder (shown in fig) made up of 90% platinum
and 10% iridium (In India, salt-shaker-sized cylinder weighing exactly a kilogram in National
Physical Laboratory was used as ideal measure of kilogram since 1957). It was serving as reference
for variety of industries to keep their weights accurate. But this cylinder’s weight in kilogram is
known to fluctuate due to surface contamination with time, making it tricky to define its exact
mass.
New measure for kilogram
The new measure for kilogram from 2019 will be derived from constants of nature that are all
interdependent. It will be set by value of Planck constant in combination with definitions of meter
and second. Kibble balance will be used to make accurate measures of Planck constant. Kibble
balance is set of scales, which uses force produced by current-carrying wire in magnetic field to
balance weight of mass.
Note: In this case, meter and second units themselves are depended on other constants. The
second unit is defined by frequency of an atomic transition in cesium-133 and meter depends on
second and the speed of light. The Planck constant (denoted h) is a physical constant i.e. quantum

of action, central in quantum mechanics.

Significance
The new measure for kilogram will provide utmost accuracy in work. It will be no longer be
subject to wear and tear and thus and thus, there will be no sources of error in actual reference
weight measure.
Background
In last 60 years, several standard units like second, metre, Kelvin, ampere, mole, candela and
kilogram ceased to be defined by physical objects. For example, 1 metre earlier was measured by a
platinum-iridium bar, but in 1960, it was re-defined as distance travelled by light in vacuum in
1/299,792,458 seconds. From 2018, seven prime units in International System of Units (inner
circle) will be defined by seven constants (outer circle).

Rajasthan passes bill to provide reservation to Gujjars and four other nomadic communities
October 27, 2017
The Rajasthan Assembly passed Backward Classes (Reservation of Seats in Educational
Institutions in State and of Appointment and Posts in Services under State) Bill, 2017 by voice vote
The bill seeks to provide 5% reservation to Gujjars and four other nomadic communities viz.
Banjara, Gadia-Lohar, Raika and Gadariya in state government jobs and educational institutions as
Other Backward Classes (OBCs). It increases reservation for OBCs from 21% to 26%. It also creates
new most backward category within OBCs for providing quota benefit to Gujjars and four other
nomadic communities. With passage of bill, reservation in Rajasthan now stands at 54%,
exceeding 50% ceiling mandated by Supreme Court.

Background
Earlier also Rajasthan Assembly had passed Special Backward Classes Act 2015 to provide 5%
reservation for these castes by creating a separate Special Backward Castes category. However,
Rajasthan High Court had struck down the legislation saying that quota cannot not only exceed
50% limit set by Supreme Court. It also pointed out flaws in government’s process of granting
additional 5% reservation for these castes and held that it is not supported by quantifiable data
supporting the claim of Gujjars’ backwardness.
Government gives LoI to 7 companies for 14 monuments under Adopt a Heritage Scheme
October 27, 2017
The Union Ministry of Tourism gave Letters of Intent (LoI) to seven shortlisted companies for
adopting 14 monuments under Adopt a Heritage Scheme at the closing ceremony of ‘Paryatan
Parv’ held in New Delhi.
The shortlisted companies will be future ‘Monument Mitras’ who would associate pride with their
Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) activities.
14 adopted monuments include: Jantar Mantar, Purana Quila, Safdarjung Tomb, Agrasen ki Baoli,
and Qutub Minar (Delhi), Hampi (Karnataka), Ajanta Caves (Maharashtra), Sun Temple, Raja Rani
Temple and Ratnagiri Monuments (Odisha), Leh Palace and Mt. StokKangri (Jammu & Kashmir),
Mattancherry Palace Museum (Kerala), Gangotri Temple Area and Trail (Uttarakhand).
Background
These companies were selected by Inter-Ministerial Oversight and Vision Committee of Ministry
after detailed scrutiny of 57 responses ranging from travel industry, hospitality industry and
banking industry for adopting monuments under the Adopt a Heritage Scheme.
Adopt a Heritage Scheme (Apni Dharohar Apni Pehchan Project)
The scheme was launched by Union Ministry of Tourism on World Tourism Day (27th September).
Under it, Private, Public Sector Companies and Corporate individuals were invited to adopt
heritage sites and to take up responsibility for making them and promote sustainable tourism
through conservation and development under their CSR activities.
This scheme was launched by Tourism Ministry in close collaboration with Ministry of Culture
and Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). It envisages at developing monuments, heritage and
tourist sites across India and making them tourist friendly and enhance their tourism potential
and cultural importance in planned and phased manner.
The project primarily focuses on development and maintenance of world-class tourist
infrastructure and amenities including basic civic amenities and advanced amenities like
cleanliness, public conveniences, secure environment, ease of access, illumination and night
viewing facilities for inclusive tourist experience to increase both domestic and foreign tourists
footfall.
REPAIR: Scientists develop RNA editing tool to combat genetic disease
October 27, 2017
Scientists from The Broad Institute and Massachusetts Institute of Technology in US have
developed RNA Editing for Programmable A to I Replacement (REPAIR), a new gene editing
tool therapies that can reverse disease-causing mutations in humans.
REPAIR gene editing tool can tweak an individual RNA ‘letters’ in human cells without making
changes to entire genome and can have profound potential as a tool for both research and disease

treatment.
REPAIR
REPAIR is based on gene editing tool CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic
Repeats) that can be used to modify DNA in cells. The new tool can change single RNA nucleosides
in mammalian cells in a programmable and precise fashion.
To create REPAIR, scientists had systematically profiled CRISPR-Cas13 enzyme family for
potential editor candidates. They had selected enzyme called PspCas13b from Prevotella bacteria
which was most effective at inactivating RNA.
Scientists had engineered deactivated variant of PspCas13b enzyme that binds to specific
stretches of RNA but lacks its scissor-like activity and fused it to a protein called ADAR2, which
changes nucleoside adenosine to inosine in RNA transcripts.
Significance
REPAIR has ability to reverse disease-causing mutations at RNA level, as well as other potential
therapeutic and basic science applications. It paves way for therapies that can reverse mutations
and has profound potential as tool for both research and disease treatment.
REPAIR has ability to target individual RNA letters or nucleosides, switching adenosines to
inosines. These letters are involved in single-base changes which are known to regularly cause
genetic disease in humans. For ex, in human disease, a mutation from G to A is extremely common
and these alterations have been implicated in for cases of focal epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease and
Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Thus, it can reverse impact of any pathogenic G-to-A mutation regardless of its surrounding
nucleotide sequence, with potential to operate in any cell type.
Comment
RNA editing using REPAIR offers safer, more flexible way to make corrections in cell unlike
permanent changes to genome required for DNA editing using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing
technology. REPAIR can also fix mutations without tampering with genome as RNA naturally
degrades making it potentially reversible fix.
India, Sri Lanka ink MoU for housing project deal in Hambantota
October 27, 2017
Sri Lanka has signed Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with India to build 1,200 houses in
strategically located southern port city of Hambantota. Of the 1,200 houses to be built, 600 will be
constructed in Southern Province, while remaining will be built across Sri Lanka, through one
model village in each of country’s 25 districts.
Background
Hambantota port is located right in middle of vital energy supply lines in Indian Ocean,
connecting Middle East and East Asia. In recent

times, coastal city of Hambantota had gained strategic significance after Sri Lankan government
had decided to build massive deep-sea port and airport with huge Chinese loans.
In July 2017, Sri Lankan government had signed US $1.1 billion deal to sell 70% stake of strategic
Hambantota deep-sea port to China to service outstanding $8-billion debt it owes China. The deal
had fanned concerns of countries with competing strategic interests with China, particularly
India and US. Local residents of Hambantota are also protesting selling of “national assets to
foreign entities” leading to violent clashes.
Significance
The signing of MoU in Hambantota assumes significance as it takes India’s housing project to
Sinhala-majority Southern Province. Earlier India had constructed as many as 46,000 homes in
Tamil-majority north and east, and 4,000 houses are being built in hill country in Central and Uva
provinces, where several thousand Sri Lankans of recent Indian origin live and work. India also is
taking steps to protect itself in Indian Ocean by allying itself with US and Japan in a bid to
counter growing Chinese influence in IOR.
Indian Railway’s first set of solar plant of 5 MW capacity launched
October 27, 2017
Indian Railway’s first set of solar plants with total capacity of 5 megawatt peak (MWp) was
launched on roof tops of Hazrat Nizamuddin, New Delhi, Anand Vihar and Delhi railway stations
by Railway Minister Piyush Goyal.
This project was launched as part of Union Government’s ambitious National Solar Mission in
which Indian Railways plans to commission 1000 MWp solar plants across its network.
Key Facts
The first set of solar plant will generate 76.5 lakh units of solar power cumulatively per year and
will meet about 30% of energy requirement of these stations. Through these project, railways will
save Rs 421.4 lakh annually and will reduce 6082 tonnes of CO2 emissions.
The project was awarded in December 2016 and bought in by the developer at cost Rs.37.45 crore
under the Public Private Partnership (PPP) model. The developer will maintain it for 25 years and
Railways will only pay energy consumed at Rs 4.14 per unit.
First International Conference on Consumer Protection held in New Delhi
October 27, 2017
The First International Consumer Protection Conference on empowering consumers in new
markets for South, South East and East Asian Countries was held in New Delhi from 26 to 27

October 2017. The theme of the conference was “Empowering Consumers in New Markets”. It was
inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Key Facts
The two day conference was organised by Department of Consumer Affairs, Ministry of
Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution in association with UNCTAD. The conference was
attended by 1600 participants that included delegates from 19 countries from East, South and
South-East Asia which account for majority of global consumers and share common challenges
and experiences participated in it.
New Consumer Protection Bill
During inauguration of the conference PM Narendra Modi announced that new consumer
protection law is on anvil to crack down on misleading advertisements and simplify grievance
redressal mechanism. The main objective of new law will be to protect the rights of consumers.
It will replace previous Consumer Protection Act of 1986 by incorporating amended 2015 UN
guidelines on consumer protection. It proposes to have Central Consumer Protection Authority
with executive powers will be constituted for quick remedial action. It also establishes Consumer
Dispute Redressal Commissions at every district, state and national levels.
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
UNCTAD is principal organ of United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) dealing with trade,
investment, and development issues. It was established in 1964 and its permanent secretariat is in
Geneva. Its primary objective is to formulate policies relating to all aspects of development
including trade, aid, transport, finance and technology. It ordinarily meets once in four years.
October 28-29, 2017
Indian Railways to revise flexi-fares system on premium trains
October 28, 2017
The Indian Railways is planning to revise its flexi-fare system on premium trains such as
Rajdhani, Shatabdi and Duronto in such a way that it does not hurt people’s pockets and also
meets Railways’ revenue target. In this regard, Railway Board is considering proposal of selling
half the seats (i.e. 50% seats) from existing 10% seats without any surge pricing.
Need
The problem with present flexi-fare system having dynamic pricing is that fares rise soon after
first 10% of tickets on a train are sold. The fares increase 10% with every 10% of seats sold with a
maximum hike of 1.5 times normal fares in sleeper, air-conditioned chair car and two-tier AC
classes and 1.4 times in three-tier AC.
Revised flexi-fare system
The revised flexi-fare system aims to be passenger-friendly in such way that half of passengers
who book early can get advantage of relatively cheaper fare. The Railways attempted to lower the
fares of the train by allowing passengers to opt out, at the time of booking, of the meals served on
board.
Flexi-fare system
The flexi-fare system introduced in September 2016 aims to generate additional revenues and
reduce cross-subsidisation from freight through dynamic pricing of fares based on the demand.
Under the present model, the base fares increases by 10% with every 10% of berths sold subject to
a prescribed ceiling limit as indicated in table. The system has generated additional revenue of Rs.

551 crore between September 2016 and June 2017 compared with collections during
corresponding period in 2015-16.
Javed Akhtar awarded 2017 Hridaynath Mangeshkar Award
October 28, 2017
Veteran writer-lyricist Javed Akhtar (72) was honoured with the 2017 Hridaynath Mangeshkar
Award at event in Mumbai which marked 80th birthday of veteran music composer Hridaynath
Mangeshkar and 28th anniversary of Hridayesh Arts.
Javed Akhtar
He was born on 17 January 1945. He is poet, lyricist and screenwriter. He is mainstream writer
and some of his most successful work was carried out with Salim Khan as half of script-writing
duo credited as Salim-Javed between 1971 and 1982. The duo had worked together in 24 films
including two Kannada films of which 20 were hits. He is recipient of Padma Shri (1999), Padma
Bhushan (2007), Sahitya Akademi Award as well as five National Film Awards. He was nominated
as Rajya Sabha member in November 2009
Hridaynath Mangeshkar Award
The award was established in 2011 by Mumbai-based socio-cultural organisation Hridayesh Art in
honour of music composer and singer Hridaynath Mangeskar. It felicitates and recognises
successful individuals across country from various walks of life. It carries monetary award of Rs 2
lakh and a memento.
The previous recipients of the award include eminent personalities like Lata Mangeshkar, Asha
Bhosle, Amitabh Bachchan, Hariprasad Chaurasia, A R Rahman. The 2016 award was awarded to
five-time world chess champion Vishwanathan Anand. Hridaynath Mangeskar is son of renowned
musician Deenanath Mangeshkar and is younger brother of Indian music legends Lata
Mangeshkar and Asha Bhosle.
Phase 1 of Bharat Net project to be completed by December 2017
October 28, 2017
The first phase of national optic fibre network christened as Bharat Net project will be completed
by December 2017, thus providing internet access to 100,000 gram panchayats.
It was announced in ‘i-Bharat 2017’ conference organised by industry body FICCI in association
with Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology based on theme of ‘ICT Elucidations for
Unserved and Unsolved’.
Key Facts
So far, Bharat Net has connected 83,000 gram panchayats. But now it is imperative to create
fibre-first programme where government, as well as private sector join hands to achieve objective
of doubling the reach of telecom fibre network in the country by 2020.
BharatNet
BharatNet is Union Government’s ambitious rural internet connectivity programme which is
implemented by Bharat Broadband Network Limited (BBNL). It is world’s largest rural broadband
connectivity programme using Optical fibre.
Bharat Net seeks to connect all of India’s households, particularly rural areas, through demand,
affordable high-speed broadband connectivity of 2 Mbps to 20 Mbps to realise the vision of Digital
India. The project is being funded by Universal service Obligation Fund (USOF).

14th SAARCLAW Conference held in Colombo, Sri Lanka

October 28, 2017
The 14th South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation in Law (SAARCLAW) Conference was
held in Colombo, capital city of Sri Lanka along with 11th SAARC Chief Justices Conference.
The three-day conference was inaugurated by Sri Lankan Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe
and saw participation from South Asia’s top Judges, legal practitioners and academics.
Key Facts
The SAARCLAW Conference provided platform for legal professionals to meet and discuss issues
of mutual interests and emerging legal trends in the South Asian countries. It also discussed
issues like artificial intelligence, human trafficking, Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) and
environmental protection concerns.
Besides, 11th Chief Justices conference was held in a closed-door session and was attended only by
Chief Justices or their representatives. It provided Chief Justices of SAARC countries opportunity
to consider relevance of judiciaries within South Asia.
SAARCLAW Conference
It was established in Sri Lanka in 1991. Since then conference has provided a platform for legal
professionals from South Asian region to meet and discuss issues of mutual interests pertaining
to justice, legal reforms, good governance and enforcement over a span of 25 years.
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
SAARC is regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical union of nations in South
Asia. Its member states include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Maldives, Pakistan
and Sri Lanka. It comprises 3% of world’s area, 21% of world’s population and 3.8% of global
economy as of 2015.
Government inks $65.5 Million Loan agreement with ADB to support Coastal Protection in
Karnataka
October 28, 2017
The Union Government has inked $65.5 million loan agreement with Asian Development Bank
(ADB) to continue interventions to check coastal erosion on the Western Coast in Karnataka.
The loan is second tranche of $250 million financing facility under Sustainable Coastal Protection
and Management Investment Program for 20-year term. It will be used for to address immediate
coastal protection needs and for strengthening institutional capacity of Karnataka’s Inland Water
Transport Department and Public Works, Ports.
Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program
It consist of eight coastal protection subprojects to address issues of medium to severe coastal
erosion resulting in protection of about 54 km of coastline in Karnataka. It has already
demonstrated benefit of adoption of softer options such as artificial reefs, beach nourishments,
and dune management for coastal protection. State Department of Public Works is responsible for
implementation of overall program which is due for completion by September 2020.
Background
Karnataka’s coast supports state’s major economic sectors, which include agriculture, fisheries,
tourism, ports and other major transport and communication sectors. Coastal erosion in state
poses high risk to human wellbeing, economic developmen, and ecological integrity through loss
of land, infrastructure, and business opportunities.
Under increasing threat from climate change impacts, coastal protection and management has

evolved as major challenge to development. This project is mainly focused for effective and
sustainable management of shoreline which is vital for sustainable economic and social
development of coastal regions in state.
Government makes use of Public Finance Management System mandatory for central schemes
October 28, 2017
The Union Government has made use of Public Finance Management System (PFMS) mandatory
for all central schemes to ensure that benefits of government schemes reach the last mile. It will
help monitor the flow of funds to beneficiaries of different government welfare schemes.
So far total of 613 Central Sector Schemes are covered under PFMS having 34.19 crore
beneficiaries with help of 21.72 lakh programme registered implementing agencies. These
schemes with a budgetary outlay of Rs.6, 66,644 crore covers over 31% of total Central
Government expenditure during the current financial year 2017-18.
Public Finance Management System (PFMS)
The PFMS scheme has been rolled out by Controller General of Accounts at behest of Union
Finance Ministry, Department of Department of Expenditure. It is an electronic fund tracking
mechanism compiles, collates and makes available in real-time, information regarding all
government schemes.
PFMS is poised to develop as one of biggest financial management systems of the world, critical
for bringing about transformational accountability and transparency in promoting overall good
governance. It aims at providing government real-time information on resource availability and
utilisation across schemes.
It aims at promoting transparency and bringing about tangible improvements in overall Central
Government Financial Management as well as implementation of various Central Government
Schemes across the country. PFMS’s ambit of coverage includes Central Sector and Centrally
Sponsored Schemes as well as other expenditures including Finance Commission Grants.
In future, Government aims to transform PFMS to Government-wide Integrated Financial
Management System (GIFMIS) as a comprehensive payment, receipt and accounting system.
Significance
The PFMS aims to help in complete tracking and monitoring flow of funds to implementing
agencies and ensuring timely transfer of funds. It will help government to ascertain actual status
of utilization of funds by multiple implementing agencies of central and the state governments. It
will also cut need for paper work and in long way help in monitoring and tracking of any
unnecessary parking of funds by implementing agencies, thus minimising cases of delay and
pending payments to large extent. It will help to plug leakages in system and help to manage and
maintain data that government can use to develop more scientific approach.
OPV Vikram: L&T hand overs first defence vessel built in private shipyard to Coast Guard
October 28, 2017
Larsen and Toubro (L&T) handed over offshore patrol vessel (OPV) named “Vikram” to the Indian
Coast Guard. It is country’s first-ever such defence vessel to be built in a private shipyard
The vessel was indigenously developed in-house at L&T’s Kattupalli shipyard. Its entire design
and construction processes have undergone dual certification from American Bureau of Shipping
and Indian Registrar of Shipping.
OPV Vikram is first of seven vessels for which by Ministry of Defence had awarded Rs. 1,432-crore

contract to L&T in March 2015. It will be inducted into service by April 2018 after completion of
extensive trials of equipment and machineries.
Key Facts
The OPV Vikram is 97 metres long, 15 metre wide and has 2,140 tonne displacement capacity with
range of 5,000 nautical miles and can reach speed of up to 26 knots (One knot is 1.852 km/hr). It is
equipped with state-of-the-art radars, navigation and communication systems capable of
operating in tropical conditions. About 60% components of the ship were sourced from domestic
suppliers.
The ship is fitted with one 30 mm automatic gun with Fire Control System (FCS) and two 12.7 mm
gun with FCS. It has integral twin-engine helicopter and backend helipad, which enhances its
operational, surveillance, search and rescue capabilities. It will be deployed for day and night
surveillance patrol, search and rescue and in pollution response operations in exclusive economic
zones (EEZ) of the country.
Scientists link new virus to kala-azar

October 28, 2017
Scientists have found that parasite called Leptomonas seymouri hosting virus called Lepsey NLV1
may be also responsible for spread of kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis). Earlier it was believed that
parasite Leishmania donovani (sandfly) alone is responsible for spread of the dreaded infection.
Key Facts
Scientists have found that Leptomonas seymouri parasite hosts virus called Lepsey NLV1 which is
responsible for spread of kala-azar. However, scientists are still not clear how parasites cause
infection and how it manages to hide within body. The discovery portends new kind of treatment
regime and may aid attempts to eradicating disease.

Kala-azar
Kala-azar or visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as black fever and Dumdum fever is most
severe form of leishmaniasis. It is zoonotic (or parasatic) infection transmitted by sand fly
(Leishmania donovani), a blood-sucking pest, which is one-third size of mosquitoes and found in
moist (humid) mud and sand and in close proximity to livestock. It signs and symptoms include
fever, weight loss, fatigue, anemia, and substantial swelling of liver and spleen. It is treatable and
requires a medical diagnosis. If untreated, kala-azar can kill within two years of onset of ailment.
Kala-azar belongs to Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) family of diseases which affect poorest
populations. It is second-largest parasitic killer in world after Malaria. It is endemic to Indian
subcontinent in 119 districts in four countries (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal). India
accounts for half the global burden of Kala-azar disease.
October 30, 2017

Four Asian vulture species from India gets highest protection under CMS
October 30, 2017
Several species of vultures including four from India on their migratory routes were awarded
highest protection by the Convention on Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals
(CMS).
They were among 34 species which were awarded highest protection during CMS Summit held in
Manila in submissions made by 24 countries from Asia, Africa, Americas, Europe and Oceania.
Species awarded highest protection are
Asian vultures are red-headed vulture, white-rumped vulture, Indianvulture and slender-billed vulture.
They are faced with threats such as poisoning, hunting, collision with electricity cables and
habitat degradation. A subspecies of black noddy, yellow bunting and lesser and great grey shrike are
other avians listed on CMS protected list.
Whale shark, which inhabits the Indian Ocean also got global protection. Blue shark and common
guitarfish also was awarded highest protection. Widespread over-fishing is driving many shark

species, including whale shark to extinction. India is among 121 nations whose waters are home to
sharks threatened with near extinction. The major threats are bycatch in nets and vessel strikes.
Caspian seal also has been identified for conservation. It is the only marine mammal found in the
world’s largest inland sea, where its migration is prompted by ice formation and foraging. Central
Asia’s rarest species, Przewalski’s horse and Gobi bear also received highest degree of protection.
Outcomes of Manila summit of CMS
The summit held in Manila was largest in the 38-year history of the Convention, which is also
known as Bonn Convention after German city in which it was signed. Delegates from 91 countries
had attended the summit. Manila summit adopted resolution to develop and manage protected
area networks within the ASEAN region. Governments also agreed to cooperate on reducing
negative impact of marine debris, noise pollution, renewable energy and climate change on the
lives of migratory species.
2017 French Open badminton: Kidambi Srikanth wins men’s singles title
October 30, 2017
India’s ace shuttler Kidambi Srikanth (World no. 8) won French Open Superseries badminton title
in men’s single category. In the final match, he defeated Japan’s Kenta Nishimoto by 21-14, 21-13
score.
It was Kidambi Srikanth’s fourth Super Series Premier title in 2017 season after winning
Australian Super Series title, Indonesia Super Series Premier title and Denmark Open Super Series
title.
Other Category Winners
Women’s single: It was won by Tai Tzu-ying from Chinese Taipei.
Men’s double: It was won by Chinese Taipei’s Lee Jhe-huei and Lee Yang.
Women’s doubles title: It was won by Indonesia’s Greysia POLL and Apriyani Rahayu by defeating
Lee Sottee and SHIN Seung Chen by 21-17, 21-15 score.
Mixed Doubles title: It was won by Indonesia’s Tontowi Ahmad and Liliyana NATSIR by defeating
Zheng Siwei and Chen Qingchen by 22-20, 21-15 score.
French Open
It is annual Badminton tournament held in France since 1909. It is hosted by the Fédération
française de badminton (FFBa). Earlier it was not considered as one of the international
badminton circuit’s leading events. But in 2007, it was promoted to become part of the BWF Super
Series, making it one of 12 major badminton tournaments in world.
Home Ministry set to take over Bureau of Civil Aviation Security
October 30, 2017
The Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is set to move a proposal before Cabinet Committee
on Security (CCS) for taking over Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS).
BCAS, currently under the Union Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) is responsible for laying down
standards, policies and measures with regard to security of all commercial flights. Multiple
security agencies working at airports, including immigration officials, Central Industrial Security
Force (CISF) security personnel, local police and Intelligence Bureau (IB) are bound by regulations
passed by BCAS.
Key Facts
The decision is based on security audit conducted by team of experts from MHA, IB, CISF and

BCAS which had recommended change. Once CCS gives its approval, CISF will assume larger role
in airport security. The new set-up will help in better coordination and monitoring, since CISF, IB
and state intelligence all report to MHA.
It will also speed up issue of security clearances for airlines and airports as in the past, there have
been inordinate delays in granting clearances due to differences between MHA and MoCA on
grounds that airlines and airports have not complied with norms despite guidelines. The move
may also result in increase in passenger security fee since CISF will be deployed at all 98 airports
across country.
Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS)
It was set up as a cell in Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) in 1978, after an Indian
Airlines flight was hijacked in September 1976. BCAS was reorganised as an independent
department under MoCA in April 1987, as follow-up to Kanishka bombing in June 1985. It is
currently headed by a commissioner of security.
India sends first wheat shipment to Afghanistan via Chabahar por
October 30, 2017
India has flagged off shipment of wheat for Afghanistan through Iran’s Chabahar port. It was
flagged off from Kandla port in Gujarat by External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj and her
Afghan counterpart Salahuddin Rabbani through video conferencing.
Key Facts
Chabahar port is strategically located in Sistan-Balochistan province on energy-rich Iran’s
southern coast in Gulf of Oman near its border with Pakistan and can be easily accessed from
India’s western coast.
The first consignment transfer was part of India’s commitment to send 1.1 million tonnes of wheat
to Afghanistan on grant basis. Afghanistan will receive entire amount in six different instalments
over coming months. The consignment will be transported to Afghanistan from Chabahar
through land route.

Significance
The shipment of wheat is considered as landmark moment as it paves way for operationalisation
of Chabahar port as an alternate, reliable and robust connectivity for landlocked Afghanistan,
bypassing Pakistan.
It is first shipment going to Afghanistan through Chabahar port after trilateral agreement on
Establishment of International Transport and Transit Corridor was signed between India,
Afghanistan and Iran during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Iran in May 2016.
The operationalisation of Chabahar port will open up new opportunities for trade and transit from
and to Afghanistan and enhance trade and commerce between India, Afghanistan and Iran and
wider region in wake of Pakistan denying transit access to New Delhi for trade with the two
countries.
Indian Army finalises plan to modernise weapons
October 30, 2017
The Union Defence Ministry and Indian Army has finalised infantry modernisation plan to
purchase large number of light machine guns (LMGs), assault rifles and battle carbines at cost of
nearly Rs. 40,000 crore to replace its ageing and obsolete weapons.
It is one of biggest procurement plans of Indian Army under which around 7 lakh rifles, 44,000
LMGs and nearly 44,600 carbines will be acquired for infantry modernisation.
Key Facts
The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC), Defence Ministry’s highest decision making body on
procurement is expected to give the go-ahead for the much needed procurement soon.
In this regard, fresh RFI (request for information) to procure LMGs will be issued. The plan is to
initially procure around 10,000 LMGs. The Army has also finalised the specifications for a new
7.62 mm assault rifle and General Service Quality Requirements (GSQR) also has been finalised.
Background
The Indian Army which is world’s second largest standing army has been pressing for fast-
tracking procurement of various weapons systems considering the evolving security threats. In
the past, procurement of assault rifles has witnessed significant delays due to variety of reasons
including Army’s failure to finalise the specifications for it. The Army needs around 7 lakh 7.62×51
mm assault guns to replace its INSAS rifles. RFI is a process whose purpose is to collect
information about capabilities of various vendors. The infantry modernisation plan is major
initiative of Indian Army and it will significantly bolster the overall capability of the foot soldiers.
Lightweight rifle: It is developed from sub-machine gun and may be set to fire automatically or
semi-automatically.
Light machine gun (LMG): It is a machine gun designed employed by individual soldier with or
without assistant as an infantry support weapon. These guns are often used as squad automatic
weapons.
Carbine: It is a long arm firearm but with shorter barrel than rifle or musket. Many of them are
shortened versions of full-length rifles and shoot same ammunition, while others fire lower-
powered ammunition, including types designed for pistols.
India to host UN Summit on Conservation of Migratory Species in 2020
October 30, 2017
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) has announced that India will host next

Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) Conference of

Parties 13 (CMS COP13) in year 2020. CMS COP is also known as a Global Wildlife Conference.
Key Facts
The announcement was made during 12th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties 12 (COP12) to
CMS held in Manila, Philippines. It was held from 23 to 28 October 2017 and was attended by over
500 delegates from more than 91 countries participated in the summit which is held once in three
years. The theme of the CMS COP12 was “Their Future is Our Future – Sustainable Development for
Wildlife and People”. This was for first time the summit was held in Asia. The CMS COP12 was also
the largest-ever meeting in the 38-year history of the convention.
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS)
CMS is an international treaty concluded under aegis of United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP), concerned with conservation of wildlife and habitats on a global scale. It is commonly
abbreviated as Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) or the Bonn Convention.
CMS aims to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migratory species throughout their range. It
was signed in 1979 in Bonn (hence the name), Germany and entered into force in 1983. Its
headquarters are in Bonn, Germany. Since its entry into force, its membership has grown steadily
to include over 120 Parties from Africa, Central and South America, Asia, Europe and Oceania.
CMS is only global and UN-based intergovernmental organization established exclusively for
conservation and management of terrestrial, aquatic and avian migratory species throughout their
range.
World’s fastest, shortest laser pulse created
October 30, 2017
Scientists from ETH Zurich in Switzerland have successfully created the world’s shortest X-ray
laser pulse with duration of just 43 attoseconds (1×10−18 of a second). This laser pulse is the
shortest controlled event that has ever been created by humans.
Laser
Laser is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. It is highly coherent, unidirectional
beam of perfectly monochromatic light. It has greater energy than normal light. It is used in range of application like
sensors, optical communication sources etc.
Applications
Using this laser pulse, researchers can now observe in high detail how electrons movement within
molecule and fully understand dynamics during chemical reaction. This laser can also help in
attosecond spectroscopy, by contributing development of more efficient solar cells by observing
the process of excitation through sunlight up to the generation of electricity step by step.
Moreover, a detailed understanding of charge transfer pathway using it can also help in
optimizing the efficiency of next generation of photosensitive elements. Using this laser pulse,
chemical reactions can also be directly manipulated by altering course of reaction even chemical
bonds can be broken by stopping charge shift at certain location in molecule.
11th India-US Trade Policy Forum Meeting held in Washington D.C
October 30, 2017
The 11th India-United States Trade Policy Forum (TPF) Meeting was held in Washington D.C,
capital city of US. It was chaired jointly by Union Minister for Commerce and Industry Suresh
Prabhu and US Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer.

Both sides held discussions on issues related to bilateral trade, areas of mutual cooperation,
market access in agriculture, non-agricultural goods and services and Intellectual Property Rights
(IPR).
Key Facts
Concerns raised by US: Market access issues, import regulations relating to poultry, ground
handling operations, export of pork to India and price controls on medical devices.
Concerns raised by India: Easing of procedure for export of Indian pomegranates and mangoes
and market access for table grapes from India. Problems faced by Indian services companies in
obtaining H-1B and L-1 visas. It requested US to ease movement of skilled professionals as Indian
IT companies contribute significantly to American economy. Issue of tantalisation i.e. mismatch
between US visa and US social security regimes was also raised. In this case, Indian professionals
making social security contributions, but they do not receive their due benefits upon their return
to India
Greater opportunities for US exports to India: National IPR Policy 2016 lays down roadmap for
future development in field of IPRs. It is considered as major step towards strengthening IPR
ecosystem in India, including improvements in procedures, timelines and resolution of disputes.
Draft Pharmaceutical Policy addresses many of US concerns. India desires to address concerns of
providing affordable healthcare to its citizens and balancing it with the need to introduce high
end technology. US manufacturers of medical devices have been encouraged to establish
manufacturing facilities in India.
India already has started to import crude oil and new Liquefied Natural Gas exports are expected
to commence early next year. Indian aviation companies have placed orders for over 300 aircrafts
valued at several billions of dollars.
Background
Bilateral trade between India and US has increased to US $64.51 billion in 2016-17, from US $62.11
billion in previous fiscal. However, foreign direct investment (FDI) from US into India dipped to
US $2.37 billion in 2016-17 from US $4.19 billion in 2015-16.
October 31, 2017
MSME Samadhaan: Government launches MSME Delayed Payment Portal
October 31, 2017
The Union Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME) has launched MSME Delayed
Payment Portal – MSME Samadhaan (http://msefc.msme.gov.in).
The portal aims at empowering micro and small entrepreneurs across country to directly register
their cases relating to delayed payments by Central Ministries, Departments, CPSEs, State
Governments.
Key Facts
The Samadhaan portal will give information about pending payment of MSEs with individual
CPSEs/Central Ministries, State Governments, etc. The CEO of PSEs and Secretary of Ministries
concerned will also be able to monitor cases of delayed payment under their jurisdiction and issue
necessary instructions to resolve the issues.
The portal will facilitate monitoring of delayed payment in more effective manner. The
information on portal will be available in public domain, thus exerting moral pressure on
defaulting organisations. The MSEs will also be empowered to access portal and monitor their

cases.
Background
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development (MSMED) Act, 2006 contains provisions to
deal with cases of delayed payment to Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs). As per provisions,
buyer is liable to pay compound interest with monthly rests to supplier on amount at three times
of bank rate notified by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in case he does not make payment to supplier
for supplies of goods or services within 45 days of day of acceptance of goods and services
ordeemed day of acceptance.
China launches world’s first hybrid electric tram powered by hydrogen fuel cells
October 31, 2017
The world’s first hybrid electric tram powered by hydrogen fuel cells was launched in China’s
Tangshan city, north China’s Hebei Province to give big boost to green energy in public transport.
The first of its kind ecologically-friendly tram was domestically developed by China Railway
Rolling Stock Corporation (CRRC) in 2015.
Key Facts
The ecologically-friendly tram emits only water without any pollutants. It does not produce any
nitrogen oxides (NOx), as the temperature of e reaction inside the fuel cell is kept under 100
degrees Celsius.
The tram, having three carriages with 66 seats and can run for 40 kilometers at a maximum speed
of 70 kilometers per hour after being refilled with 12 kilograms of hydrogen.
The tram coach rides on a 136-year-old railway line and connects several industrial heritage sites
of Tangshan, one of China’s oldest industrial cities not far from the capital Beijing. It has latest
low-floor technology which has kept the distance between carriage floor of tram and rail line only
35 centimeters and remove need for station platforms and making boarding easy for passengers
Government inks $200 million Loan Agreement for Assam Agribusiness and Rural Transformation
Project
October 31, 2017
The Union Government and World Bank have signed $200 million Loan Agreement for Assam
Agribusiness and Rural Transformation Project.
The $200 million loan from World Bank’s International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(IBRD) has a 7-year grace period, and a maturity of 16.5 years.
Assam Agribusiness and Rural Transformation Project
The Project will support Assam Government to facilitate agri-business investments, increase
agriculture productivity and market access and enable small farm holders produce crops that are
resilient to recurrent floods or droughts in state. It will help state to increase agricultural
productivity by strengthening farming systems, raise private sector investments to promote agri-
enterprises to create better job opportunities for youth in state.
The Project will be implemented in over 16 Districts of Assam. Over 500,000 farming households
will directly benefit from it and at least 30% women are expected to participate in project
activities. Specific focus will be given to women-led enterprises and their participation in
decision-making process of farmer producer organizations.
The project will promote market-led production that can deal with vagaries of climate change.
Market-led production system will take advantage of rapidly changing market, introduce crops

that are resilient to climate change, increase production and manage risks for farmers
Besides, it will focus on geographic clustering of production base for certain commodities which
will help agri-enterprises take advantage of existing and future market opportunities that they
may not necessarily achieve alone. Successful clusters will help to innovate and adapt ‘best
practices’ across agricultural value chains.
Home Ministry eases Arms Rules to woo investments
October 31, 2017
The Union Home Ministry has liberalised Arms Rules to encourage investments in manufacture of
arms, ammunition and weapons systems.
The rules were liberalised with aim of making India a regional leader in supplying small arms to
neighbouring countries as well as become an export hub.
Key Facts
Under the new rules, licence granted for manufacturing will be valid for life-time of licensee
company. It does away with requirement of renewal every five years. Now, manufactures will now
be able to continue manufacturing on their old licence.
Similarly, condition that small arms and light weapons produced by manufacturer should be sold
to Central government or State governments with prior approval of Home Ministry also has been
dispensed with. Now, enhancement of capacity up to 15% will also not require any approval of
government. Moreover, the licence fee also has been reduced and rules in connection have also
been liberalised.
Significance
The liberalised rules will apply to licences granted by Home Ministry for small arms and
ammunition and those granted by Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) for other
defence equipment. The liberalised rules will give boost to Centre’s ‘Make in India’ manufacturing
policy and promote employment generation in this field. It will facilitate availability of world-class
weapons to meet requirements of armed forces and police forces in sync with country’s defence
indigenisation programme.
Life term for government officials indulging in torture: Law Commission
October 31, 2017
The Law Commission in latest report has recommended government to ratify Convention against
Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and also
recommended life in jail for public servants convicted of torture.
In July 2017, Union Government had asked Law Commission of India to examine issue of ratifying
the convention after a writ petition was filed in court.
Key Recommendations
UN convention: Government should ratify UN convention on torture and other inhuman and
degrading treatment or punishment as it leading to difficulties in extraditing criminals from
foreign countries due to the absence of a law preventing harsh treatment by authorities.
‘Prevention of torture bill, 2017: It has proposed legislation to amend various laws to prevent
torture by government officials. The bill proposes “stringent punishment” to perpetrators to curb
menace of torture and to have deterrent effect on acts of torture. It could extend up to life
imprisonment and also fine.
Compensation: It suggested amendments to Criminal Procedure Code, 1973, and Indian Evidence

Act, 1872 to accommodate provisions regarding compensation and burden of proof. It

recommended an amendment to section 357B to incorporate payment of compensation in
addition to payment of fine provided in Indian Penal Code.
For compensation to victims, courts should decide upon justiciable compensation after taking into
account various facets of individual case, such as nature, purpose, extent and manner of injury,
including mental agony caused to the victim. The courts should also bear in mind socio-economic
background of the victim and ensure that compensation will help victim bear expenses on medical
treatment and rehabilitation.
Burden of proof: It held that state own responsibility for injuries caused by its agents on citizens
and held that principle of sovereign immunity cannot override rights assured by Constitution. It
calls for effective mechanism must be put in place to protect victims of torture, complainants and
witnesses against possible threats, violence or ill treatment.
New section 114B should be inserted in Indian Evidence Act to ensure that in case person in police
custody sustains injuries, it is presumed that those injuries have been inflicted by police, and
burden of proof shall lie on authority concerned to explain such injury.
UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
It is commonly known as United Nations Convention against Torture (UNCAT). It is an
international human rights treaty, under review of UN that aims to prevent torture and other acts
of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment around the world. It requires states to
take effective measures to prevent torture in any territory under their jurisdiction and forbids
states to transport people to any country where there is reason to believe they will be tortured.
India tops list of new TB cases in 2016: WHO Report
October 31, 2017
According to the Global TB Report 2017 released by World Health Organisation (WHO), India has
topped list of seven countries, accounting for 64% of the over 10 million new tuberculosis (TB)
cases worldwide in year 2016. India was followed by Indonesia, China, Philippines, Pakistan,
Nigeria and South Africa.
Key Facts
The report said, an estimated 1.7 million people died from TB in 2016, including nearly 4 lakh
people who were co-infected with HIV, recording a drop by 4% as compared to 2015. India along
with China and Russia accounted for almost half of around 5 lakh multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-
TB) cases registered in 2016. There were estimated 600000 new cases with resistance to
rifampicin, the most effective first-line drug, of which 490000 had MDR- TB.
Despite global efforts to combat TB, which saved an estimated 53 million lives since 2000 and
reduced TB mortality rate by 37%, the disease is still top infectious killer in 2016. The disease also
has been reported to be main cause of deaths related to antimicrobial resistance and the leading
killer of people with HIV.
Main Challenges
The biggest challenge was underreporting and underdiagnosis of TB cases, especially in countries
with weak health systems and large unregulated private sectors. Of estimated 10.4 million new
cases, only 6.3 million were detected and officially notified in 2016, leaving a gap of 4.1 million.
India, Indonesia and Nigeria accounted for almost half of this global gap.
Half a million reported cases of HIV-associated TB, 15% were not on antiretroviral therapy (ART)

as recommended by WHO. Most of gaps related to HIV-associated TB were in WHO African

Region. TB preventive treatment is expanding in two priority risk groups-people living with HIV
and children under 5 years. However, most people eligible for TB preventive treatment are not
accessing it.
Further, investments in low-and middle-income countries for TB care and prevention fall almost
US 2.3 billion dollars short of the US 9.2 billion dollars needed in 2017. In addition, at least an extra
US 1.2 billion dollars per year are required to accelerate development of new vaccines, diagnostics
and medicines.
It calls for more domestic funding in middle-income countries and more international donor
support to support low-income countries. Further, to stop spread of TB epidemic action beyond
health sector is required to address risk factors and determinants of disease.
Tuberculosis (TB)
TB is bacterial disease caused by “Mycobacterium tuberculosis” bacteria that most often affect the
lungs. The disease is spread from person to person through the air. It commonly affects the lungs
but can also affect other parts of the body. It is the second biggest killer disease worldwide next
only to HIV/AIDS. It can be completely cured with proper and regular medication.
India, Italy sign six pacts and to enhance counter-terror cooperation
October 31, 2017
India and Italy have signed six agreements to boost cooperation in the fields of railways safety,
energy and promoting mutual investments, among others
They were signed after detailed talks between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Italian
counterpart Paolo Gentiloni. He is first prime ministerial trip from Italy to visit India in more than
a decade.
Key Takeaways from talks
Both leaders discussed wide-ranging issues, including the emerging security challenges facing the
world such as terrorism and cybercrimes, while agreed to enhance cooperation to counter them.
They vowed to fight violent extremism in all forms and manifestations and agreed to strengthen
consultation mechanism through regular exchange of assessments and information, training and
capacity building programmes in sphere of counter-terrorism. They also resolved to enhance
cooperation to take decisive and concerted actions against al-Qaeda and ISIS. They also called
upon all the UN member countries to designate terrorist entities in line with the relevant UNSC
Resolutions.
Singed Agreements are
MoU on cooperation in field of Energy.
Executive Protocol on Cultural Cooperation.
Joint Declaration of Intent of Cooperation for Safety in Railway sector.
MoU for promoting mutual investments between Italian Trade Agency and Invest India.
MoU on 70 years of diplomatic relations between Indian Council of Cultural Relations and Ministry of Foreign
Affairs & International Cooperation of Italy.
MoU between Training Unit of Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Government of
Italy and Foreign Service Institute of the Ministry of External Affairs, India.
India-Italy Relations
India and Italy are ancient civilizations and have known, interacted and traded with each other for

over 2000 years. Political relations between India and Italy were established in 1947. The two
countries enjoy cordial relationship.
Italy is India’s fifth largest trading partner in EU with a bilateral trade of US $8.79 billion in
2016-17. India’s exports to Italy were at US $4.90 billion, while its imports were at US $3.89 billion,
a trade imbalance of about US $1 billion in favour of India. In the first four months of fiscal 2017-18,
bilateral trade had reached US $3.22 billion.
India-Italy diplomatic ties took a hit after two Italian marines — Salvatore Girone and Latorre
Massimiliano on board ship named Enrica Lexie, were arrested for allegedly killing two Indian
fishermen off coast of Kerala in 2012.
Italy has supported India’s candidature at Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) in 2016 and
at FATF (Financial Action Task Force). Italy’s support is also crucial for India’s bid for Nuclear
Suppliers Group (NSG) membership and EU-India FTA (Free Trade Agreement).
31 October: Rashtriya Ekta Diwas
October 31, 2017
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National Unity Day) is observed every year across India on 31 October to
commemorate birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhai Patel who had played important role in
unifying the country.
Observance of day provides an opportunity to re-affirm inherent strength and resilience of our
nation to withstand actual and potential threats to unity, integrity and security of our country.
To mark this occasion various activities and events are being organised across ministries and
departments all over the country. Besides, Run for Unity was organised in New Delhi from the
National Stadium. The idea of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas was mooted by PM Narendra Modi in October
2014 to mark the birth anniversary of Independent India’s first Deputy Prime Minister and Home
Minister Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
He was born on 31 October, 1875 at Karamsand, Gujarat and died on 15 December 1950 in Mumbai,
Maharashtra. He is known as Iron Man of India or Bismarck of India. By profession, he was
barrister (lawyer) and had successfully practiced law. Later he left law practice and joined the
Indian national movement under leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
In India’s independence struggle, he played a major role in organizing peasants’ movements on
Gandhian principles in Bardoli and Kheda in Gujarat and during the Quit India movement.
His biggest contribution to India was his role in the integration of the over 500 princely states
with India during 1947-49. He is also remembered as Patron Saint of India’s civil servants for
establishing modern All-India services. He was posthumously conferred with Bharat Ratna, India’s
highest Civilian honour, in 1991.
Article 35-A: SC adjourns hearing by 3 months
October 31, 2017
The Supreme Court has adjourned the hearing of plea challenging Article 35A of the Constitution
by three months. The apex court’s order came after it was told by Centre that government has
appointed a representative (interlocutor) to hold talks with all stakeholders to resolve Kashmir
issue.
The court was hearing on batch of four petitions demanding scrapping of Article 35A on various
grounds. The main petition was filed by Delhi-based NGO in 2014. Three more petitions were also

filed but were later clubbed with main one.

What is Article 35-A?
Article 35A of the Constitution empowers J&K legislature to define permanent residents (PR) of
state. It was added through Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954 issued
under Article 370 of Constitution by the President of India and not by amending constitution
under Article 368.
The PR law enacted by J&K legislature in pursuance of Article 35A replicates state subject law
promulgated by Dogra king Maharaja Hari Singh in 1927 following a strong campaign by Kashmiri
Pandits, who had opposed to hiring of civil servants from Punjab because it affected their
representation in administration.
Permanent Residents
The J&K Constitution adopted on November 17, 1956 defines Permanent Resident as person who
was state subject on May 14, 1954, or who has been resident of state for 10 years and has lawfully
acquired immovable property in state. It only empowers J&K legislature to alter definition of PR
only through law passed by two-thirds majority.
The provision of Permanent Resident bars Indian citizens, other than permanent resident of J&K,
from settling in state, acquiring immovable properties, seeking employment or undertaking any
trade or business if state makes any law to that effect and it cannot be challenged before any
court. It also denies property rights to woman who marries a non-permanent resident and her
children.
Petitions demanding scrapping of Article 35A
The petitioners have challenged Article 35A on ground that it can only have been introduced
through Constitutional amendment under Article 368 and not through a Presidential Order under
Article 370.
They say that Article 35A is against very spirit of oneness of India as it creates a class within a
class of Indian citizens. It restricts citizens from other States from getting employment or buying
property within J&K, thus is a violation of fundamental rights under Articles 14, 19 and 21 of the
Constitution.
One petition also held that Article 35A is gender-biased and also against Article 14 of the
Constitution as it denies property rights to J&K permanent resident woman who marries a non-
resident while a man who marries outside state will continue to enjoy his rights.
Government constitutes Alternative Mechanism Panel for PSBs consolidation
October 31, 2017
The Union Government has constituted Alternative Mechanism Panel headed by Union Finance
Minister Arun Jaitley to oversee merger proposals of public sector banks (PSBs). The other
members of the panel include Railway and Coal Minister Piyush Goyal and Defence Minister
Nirmala Sitharaman.
Key Facts
This alternative mechanism has been set up by the government to fast-track consolidation among
public sector banks to create strong lenders. The mechanism will oversee the proposals coming
from boards of PSBs for consolidation.
The decision comes after government had announced Rs. 2.11 trillion bank recapitalisation plan
for public sector banks weighed down by bad loans, seeking to stimulate flow of credit to spur

private investment. It was also announced that recapitalisation plan will be accompanied by series
of banking reforms over next few months. The constitution of an Alternative Mechanism is move
in that direction.
The Union cabinet in August 2017 had decided to set up Alternative Mechanism to fast-track PSU
bank consolidation. More about alternative mechanism (fig)
Purpose of PSBs consolidation

The move to create large banks through consolidating PSBs aims at meeting credit needs of
growing Indian economy and building capacity in PSB space to raise resources without
dependence on the state exchequer. The banking entities formed after merging PSU banks will be
able to absorb shocks.
Background
The idea of bank mergers was around since 1991, when former Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
governor M. Narasimham had recommended the government merge banks into three-tiered
structure, with three large banks with an international presence at top. In 2014, PJ Nayak
Committee also had suggested that government either merge or privatize state-owned banks.
Significance of PSBs consolidation
Reduce their dependence on government for capital.
Open up more capital generation avenues, both internally and from market, for the merged entity.
From a government point of view, it will increase stream of dividends which forms part of their non-tax
revenue.
Increase the role of internal and market resources and thus reduce dependence of merged bank on government
for the future capital infusion
It will lead to greater concentration of payment and settlement flows as there will be fewer parties in the
financial sector.

Operational risks could increase post-merger as size of operations grows and distance between management
and operational personnel is greater as the administrative systems become more complex.
It will help to deal better with their credit portfolio, including stressed assets. Consolidation will also prevent
multiplicity of resources being spent in t same area and strengthens banks to deal with shocks,

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Month Highlights: October -2017

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provide access to information, knowledge, education, and healthcare.

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Corporation (NSDC) in collaboration with New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC).

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responsibility for habitat of future generations.

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Bhartiya Kendra in New Delhi. It was organized by Union Ministry of AYUSH.

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3rd Edition of Women of India Organic Festival held at Dilli Haat

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Sharma as central government’s representative to initiate dialogue with all stakeholders in