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Product:  EXCAVATOR 
Model:  307B EXCAVATOR AFB 
Configuration: 307B Excavator AFB00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 
4M40 Engine 

Operation and Maintenance Manual

307B Excavator
Media Number -SEBU7225-01 Publication Date -01/06/2000 Date Updated -09/10/2001

i03756608

Lubricant Viscosities
SMCS - 7581

Selecting the Viscosity

Ambient temperature is the temperature of the air in the immediate vicinity of the machine. This may differ
due to the machine application from the generic ambient temperature for a geographic region. When
selecting the proper oil viscosity for use, review both the regional ambient temperature and the potential
ambient temperature for a given machine application. Generally, use the higher temperature as the criterion
for the selection of the oil viscosity. Generally, use the highest oil viscosity that is allowed for the ambient
temperature when you start the machine. In arctic applications, the preferred method is to use properly sized
machine compartment heaters and a higher viscosity grade oil. Thermostatically controlled heaters that
circulate the oil are preferred.

The proper oil viscosity grade is determined by the minimum outside ambient temperature. This is the
temperature when the machine is started and while the machine is operated. In order to determine the proper
oil viscosity grade, refer to the "Min" column in the table. This information reflects the coldest ambient
temperature condition for starting a cold machine and for operating a cold machine. Refer to the "Max"
column in the table in order to select the oil viscosity grade for operating the machine at the highest
temperature that is anticipated.

Machines that are operated continuously should use oils that have the higher oil viscosity in the final drives
and in the differentials. The oils that have the higher oil viscosity will maintain the highest possible oil film
thickness. Consult your Caterpillar dealer if additional information is needed.

Note: SAE 0W oil and SAE 5W oil are not recommended for heavily loaded machines or machines that are
operated continuously. These viscosity grades are not recommended for use in hydraulic hammers. The oils
that have the higher oil viscosity will maintain the highest possible oil film thickness. Consult your
Caterpillar dealer if additional information is needed.

Note: Some machine models and/or machine compartments do not allow the use of all available viscosity
grades.

Lubricant Viscosities for Ambient Temperatures

Note: Do not use only the "Oil Viscosity Grade" column when determining the recommended oil for a
machine compartment. The "Oil Type and Specification" column MUST also be used.

Note: The footnotes are a key part of the "Lubricant Viscosities for Ambient Temperatures" tables.
Read all footnotes that pertain to the machine compartment in question.

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Note: Use the oil type and the classification that is recommended for the various machine compartments.

Note: Some machine compartments allow the use of more than one oil type. For the best results, do not mix
oil types.

Note: Different brands of oils may use different additive packages to meet the various machine
compartment performance specification recommendations. For the best results, do not mix oil brands.

Note: After considering the information found in the associated footnotes, Caterpillar oils are the preferred
oils. All other oil types and specifications that are listed in the applicable section are acceptable oils.

Table 1

Lubricant Viscosities for Ambient Temperatures (1)

Oil °C °F
Oil Type and Specification
Compartment or System Viscosity Max Min Max
Grade Min

SAE 0W-20 -40 -40

10 50

-40 -40
SAE 0W-30 30 86

-40 -40 104

SAE 0W-40 40
Cat DEO ULS
Cat DEO Multigrade -30 -22
Cat DEO SYN (4) SAE 5W-30 30 86
Engine Crankcase (2) (3) Cat Arctic DEO SYN (5)
Cat ECF-1-a (6) -30 -22 122
SAE 5W-40 50
Cat ECF-2 (6)
Cat ECF-3 (6)
SAE 10W- -18 104
40 0
30 (7)

SAE 10W- -18 122

50 0
40

SAE 15W- -9.5 122

50 15
40

SAE 0W- -40 -40

0 32
20 (8)

SAE 0W- -40

-40 10 50
30 (9)

SAE 5W- -22

Cat TDTO -30 10 50
30 (9)
Final Drives and Swing Cat TDTO-TMS
Drives Cat Arctic TDTO SYN -22
SAE 10W -30 0 32
commercial TO-4
-13
SAE 30 -25 25 77

122
SAE 50 -15 50 5

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Cat TDTO- -22

-30 25 77
TMS (10)

SAE 0W-20 -40 -40 104

40

-40 104
SAE 0W-30 -40 40

Cat HYDO Advanced 10 -22 104

SAE 5W-30 -30 40
Cat MTO
Cat DEO
Cat DEO-ULS -22 104
SAE 5W-40 -30 40
Cat TDTO
Cat Arctic TDTO
Cat TDTO-TMS 104
SAE 10W -20 40 -4
Cat DEO SYN
Hydraulic System (11) (12)
Cat Arctic DEO SYN 122
Cat Arctic TDTO SYN SAE 30 10 50 50
Cat ECF-1-A
Cat ECF-2 SAE 10W- 104
Cat ECF-3 -20 40 -4
30
Cat TO-4
Cat TO-4M SAE 15W- 122
-15 50 5
Cat BF-1 40

-13 104
Cat MTO -25 40

Cat TDTO- 122

-20 50 -4
TMS (10)

SAE 0W- -40 -40

0 32
20 (8)

SAE 0W- -40

-40 10 50
30 (9)

SAE 5W- -31

-35 0 32
30 (9)
Cat TDTO -22
Track Roller Frame Recoil SAE 10W -30 0 32
Cat TDTO-TMS
Spring and Pivot Shaft
Cat Arctic TDTO SYN
Bearings SAE 30 -20 25 -4 77
commercial TO-4
104
SAE 40 -10 40 14

122
SAE 50 0 50 32

Cat TDTO- -13

-25 25 77
TMS (10)

-20
SAE 30 25 -4 77
Cat DEO
Track Idlers and Track Cat DEO SYN
Rollers 104
Cat ECF-1-a (6) SAE 40 -10 40 14
Cat ECF-2 (6)
Cat ECF-3 (6)

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API CF -31 104

SAE 5W-40 -35 40

Cat Advanced 3Moly

NLGI Grade -30 -22 104
Grease or Cat Ultra 40
2
Grease Points 5Moly Grease (13)

NLGI Grade -20 104

Multipurpose Grease 40 -4
2
(1) When you are operating the machine in temperatures below -20°C (-4°F), refer to Special Publication, SEBU5898, "Cold
Weather Recommendations". This is available from your Caterpillar dealer.
(2) Supplemental heat is recommended for cold soaked starts below the minimum ambient temperature. Supplemental heat may
be required for cold soaked starts that are above the minimum temperature that is stated, depending on the parasitic load and
other factors. Cold soaked starts occur when the engine has not been operated for a period of time. This allows the oil to
become more viscous due to cooler ambient temperatures.
(3) Cat DEO-ULS or commercial oils that meet Cat ECF-3 specifications are strongly recommended for use in diesel engines
that are equipped with Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) and other aftertreatment regeneration devices.
(4) Cat DEO SYN is a SAE 5W-40 oil viscosity grade.
(5) Cat Arctic DEO SYN is an SAE 0W-30 viscosity grade oil.
(6) Cat Engine Crankcase Fluid specifications. Commercial alternative diesel engine oils must meet one or more of these Cat
ECF specifications.
(7) SAE 10W-30 is the preferred viscosity grade for the 3116, 3126, C7, C-9 and the C9 diesel engines when the ambient
temperature is between -18° C (0° F) and 40° C (104° F).
(8) First Choice: Cat Arctic TDTO SYN - SAE 0W-20 Second Choice: Oils of full synthetic base stock without viscosity
index improvers that meet the performance requirements of the TO-4 specification for the SAE 30 viscosity grade. Typical
lubricant viscosity grades are SAE 0W-20, SAE 0W-30, and SAE 5W-30. Third Choice: Oils that contain a TO-4 additive
package and a lubricant viscosity grade of SAE 0W-20, SAE 0W-30, or SAE 5W-30
(9) First Choice: Oils of full synthetic base stock without viscosity index improvers that meet the performance requirements of
the TO-4 specification for the SAE 30 viscosity grade. Typical lubricant viscosity grades are SAE 0W-20, SAE 0W-30, and
SAE 5W-30. Second Choice: Oils that contain a TO-4 additive package and a lubricant viscosity grade of SAE 0W-20,
SAE 0W-30, or SAE 5W-30.
( 10 ) Cat TDTO-TMS (Transmission Multi-Season Oil) (synthetic blend that exceeds the TO-4M multigrade oil specifications)
( 11 ) Cat HYDO Advanced 10 is the preferred oil for use in most Caterpillar machine hydraulic and hydrostatic transmission
systems when ambient temperature is between -20 °C (-4 °F) and 40 °C (104 °F). Cat HYDO Advanced 10 has an SAE
viscosity grade of 10W. CAT HYDO Advanced 10 has a 50% increase in the standard oil drain interval for machine
hydraulic systems (3000 hours versus 2000 hours) over second and third choice oils - when following the maintenance
interval schedule for oil and filter changes, and oil sampling in the Operation and Maintenance Manual for your particular
machine. 6000 hour oil drain intervals are possible when you use S·O·S Services oil analysis. Contact your Cat dealer for
details. In order to gain the most benefit from the improved performance designed into Cat HYDO Advanced 10, when
switching to Cat HYDO Advanced 10, cross contamination with the previous oil should be kept to less than 10%.
( 12 ) Second choice oils are Cat HYDO, Cat MTO, Cat DEO, Cat DEO-ULS, Cat TDTO, Cat Arctic TDTO, Cat TDTO-TMS,
Cat DEO SYN, Cat Arctic DEO SYN. Third choice oils are commercial oils that meet Cat ECF-1-a, Cat ECF-2, Cat ECF-3,
Cat TO-4, or the Cat TO-4M specifications, and that have a minimum zinc additive level of 0.09 percent (900 ppm).
Commercial biodegradable hydraulic oil must meet the Cat BF-1 specification. Refer to the machine Operation and
Maintenance Manual and/or contact your local Caterpillar dealer before using commercial oils that meet Cat BF-1 in Cat
Hydraulic Excavators. The minimum viscosity for commercial alternative oils used in most Cat machine hydraulic and
hydrostatic transmission systems is 6.6 cSt at 100 °C (212 °F) ("ASTM D445").
( 13 ) If Advanced 3Moly Grease or Ultra 5Moly Grease is not available, use multipurpose type grease which contains three to
five percent molybdenum.

Note: For more information, refer to Special Publication, SEBU6250, "Caterpillar Machine Fluids
Recommendations".

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