I.

Write the following expressions in the form x + 𝑖y, x, y ∈ ℝ:

i) (3 + 4𝑖)2 = 32 + 2(3)(4𝑖) + (4𝑖)2

= 9 + 24𝑖 + 16𝑖 2
= 9 − 16 + 24𝑖
= −7 + 24𝑖

2+3𝑖 2+3𝑖 3+4𝑖

ii) = 3−4𝑖 ∙ 3+4𝑖
3−4𝑖
6+8𝑖+9𝑖+12𝑖 2
= 9+12𝑖−12𝑖−16𝑖 2
6−12+17𝑖
= 9+16
−6+17𝑖
= 25
6 17
= − 25 + 25 𝑖

1−𝑖 1−𝑖 𝑖(1+𝑖) 2(1+𝑖)

iii) − 𝑖 + 2 = 1+𝑖 − +
1+𝑖 1+𝑖 1+𝑖
1−𝑖−𝑖−𝑖 2 +2+2𝑖
= 1+𝑖
3+1
= 1+𝑖
4 1−𝑖
= ∙
1+𝑖 1−𝑖
4−4𝑖
= 1+1
4−4𝑖
= 2

= 2 − 2𝑖

1 1 −𝑖
iv) = 𝑖 ∙ −𝑖
i
−𝑖
= −𝑖 2
−𝑖
= 1

= −𝑖

𝑖 4 +𝑖 9 +𝑖 16 1+𝑖+1
v) = 2−𝑖−1+𝑖
2−𝑖 5 +𝑖 10 −𝑖 15
2+𝑖
= 1

=2+𝑖

II. Evaluate the following, given z1 = 1 − 𝑖 and z2 = −2 + 4𝑖

 a. z12 + 2z2 − 3 = (1 − 𝑖)2 + 2(−2 + 4𝑖) − 3
= 1 − 2𝑖 + 𝑖 2 − 4 + 8𝑖 − 3
= −6 + 6𝑖 − 1
= −7 + 6𝑖

b. |2z2 − 3z1 |2 = |2(−2 + 4𝑖) − 3(1 − 𝑖)|2

= |−4 + 8𝑖 − 3 + 3𝑖|2
= |−7 + 11𝑖|2
2
= (√(−7)2 + (11)2 )
= 49 + 121
= 170

c. |z1 z̅2 + z2 z̅1 | = |(1 − 𝑖)(−2 − 4𝑖) + (−2 + 4𝑖)(1 + 𝑖)|

= |−2 − 4𝑖 + 2𝑖 + 4𝑖 2 − 2 − 2𝑖 + 4𝑖 + 4𝑖 2 |
= |−4 − 4 − 4|
= |−12|

= √(−12)2 + 02
= 12

III. Show that |z̅| = |z|.

Let z = 𝑥 + 𝑦𝑖. Then z̅ = 𝑥 − 𝑦𝑖.
Now,
|z| = |𝑥 + 𝑦𝑖|

= √𝑥 2 +𝑦 2

and
|z̅| = |𝑥 − 𝑦𝑖|
= √𝑥 2 +(−𝑦)2

= √𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 .

Therefore, |z̅| = |z|.