Labor Legislation

1. Labor Standards – more specifically by jurisprudence, are the minimum requirements prescribed by
existing laws, rules and regulations relating to wages, hours of work, cost of living allowance, and other
monetary and welfare benefits, including occupational, safety, and health standards.
2. Labor relations – defines the status, rights and duties and the institutional mechanisms that govern
the individual and collective interaction of employers, employees or their respentatives.

Social Legislation – laws that provide particular kinds of protection or benefits to society or segments
thereof in furtherance of social justice.

Social justice is the aim – The Declaration of Principles and State Policies provides that the State shall
promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and independence of the nation
and free the people from the poverty through policies that provide adequate social services, promote
full employment, a rising standard of living and an improved quality of life.

While social justice is the reason of labor laws, their basis or foundation is the police power of the State.
It is the power of the Government to enact laws, within constitutional limits, to promote the order,
safety, health and general welfare of the society.

The Constitution specifies the guaranteed basic rights of workers, namely

1. To organize themselves
2. To conduct collective bargaining
3. To engage in peaceful concerted activities, including to strike in accordance with law
4. To enjoy security of tenure
5. to work under human conditions
6. to receive a living wage
7. to participate in policy and decision making processes affecting their rights and benefits as may be
provided by law.

Management rights

1. Right to ROI –
2. Right to prescribe rules
3. Right to select Employees
4.Right to transfer or Discharge employees