TABLE 1. OCCUPATIONS Cseupaions are varius kinds oie aces in mbch individuals, groups, or papuaions engage, inctuding acts oly ving, insrumental aces o daly lining. res and see, education, work, lay, isure, and soca partippation Category Description [ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING (ADLs)—Atvies erent ioward aking cae of anes awn dod (adapted trom Ragars& Holm, 7994), ADL aso are ‘roto a basic atvtes o daly Fiving (BADLs) and porsonal actin of daly ving (PADLS). These actives are “undarrtl to lng ina socal worl ney anal basc survival and well-being” (Chrisiansen & Hammack, 2001, p. 156 ‘Bathing, showering (bteining nd using supelis; oaping, ising, and dying body pars; maining bathing poston and rans ng to and from bathing postions Toileting and toilet hygiene (Oblaining and using toting supe, managing cletring, maining tlleting poston, lranstring and rom oleting aston cleaning boc, and caring for menstrual and ‘cotinance nods (including eae, colostory, and supposiory management), a well as ‘completing intentional conta of bowel moverens and unaon and, necessary, using ‘equipment or agents fr blader contol Unitorm Daa Systm for MecicalRehaltation, 1895, pp. lk20, 1-24), Dressing ‘Selecting clothing and aozessoiesappronate tote of day, wea, an occasion, obta t= ing elting tom storage area; cresing and undressing na sequential ‘anion, esteing and adjusting clething and soe; and applying and removing gersonal devices, prosthetic Acs, or spits Swallowingleating Keaping and manipulating food or fin he mouth and swallowing i, swalowingis moving food from the mouth the stomach Feeding Seting up arenging, ad bringing ood [or uid rom the plate or cup tothe mouth; some limes elle se eecing Functional mobility Moving tom one postion or place fo acter ring performance of evertay atvies), sh a in-bd moot, woeslehar mobi an Lansers (29, hela, bd ca, shower, ib, lo, eta, Noo) Includes functional ambulation and ranspotation oct. rsonal device care Using, cleaning, and maintaining personal caret, such as hearing ads, contact enses, lasses, orholes, prostates, adepive equipment, olacomelts, ana conteeplve and sowal devices rsonal hygiene and grooming (blaring and using supplies; removing body ha (29, using razor, tweeters, oon), app ing and removing cosmelis; washing, dying, combing, styling, brsning, and rimming hair, caring for nals (ands and ied) caring for skin as, a, ana nose; paling leodorat cleaning mouth busing and ‘ossing eth and removing clean ng, and rensetng denial orntics and rashes Sexual activity Engaging nacvtes ta result in sexual satiststion andor mel relitinal or reproductive aes [INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING (IADLs)—Actvies fo sypor daly ie win tha home ad comunity tat oten require more com lek nleracions than those used in AD ‘Care of others (including selecting and supervising frraging, supervising, or proving ce for others caregivers) Care of pets ‘Arranging, supervising, or rowing ear for pats and save animals ‘hild rearing Prouding care and suoerson to support the devlopreria needs of oh ld ‘Communication management Sending, reevng, and interpreting information using a vary of systems ard equipent, inating writing lal, telephones (all phones or smiphones), keyboards, audiow sual recorders, comput or tables, communication boats, cl lighs, emergency systms, Baile wits, flesommuniction dvioes or de! geopleauomeniave communica on systems, and personal gt asistants Driving and community mobility Planning and moving around inthe community and using publ ot rive ransportaton suchas driving, waking, bcylirg, or acessing and riding in buses, lax cabs, or lhe Uransporaton syst Using sal resources, including alleate methods of financial tansacton, and planning ana using fnenes wit longterm ana stort goals Developing, managing, and mainaining routes lor health an wellass promotion, suchas Dyscal ness, nion, cereased eat risk behaviors, and medication roxtines ‘blaring and mainllning personal ane household possessions and environment (2.9, home, yar, garden, appl ances, vehicles), including maintaining and repairing personal possissons (ag, clotting, rousetd lms) and kraing how to sok hop or whom to ertact (Continued) The American Journal of Occupational Therspy Copyright © 2014 by the American Occupational Therapy Association ‘Downloaded From: http:i/ajot.aota.org/ on 06/30/2016 Terms of Use: hitp://AOTA.orgiterms sisTABLE 1. OCCUPATIONS (Continued) Planning, preparing, ana serving wal-aanoad, nubitious reals and cleaning up toad and ans attar meals Partpatng in reliion “an oranaed system bles, paces, ras and symbols deslared Iota closeness ae sated or arscenen (Morér-Himeda& Koenig 2006, B44, and engaging in aie that allow sono of cxnntodess in soeting rar han oes oat are especialy mean gu such staking tie cat play ih a child, engaging ives innate, and help ng oes need (Spence Davison, & Wave, 197), ‘Safety and emergency maintenance Knowing and perforring preventive procedures to ralntan a sate environment recognling sudden, unexgctd tarardous sulin nd ating emergency action reduce he treat 6 heath and stay; exarpes ince ensuring stly when elring and exiting te home idntying emergency conlat numbers, an replacing ens such as bars in sok alarms and light bulbs ‘Shopping Preparing shopping Iss (oocery and ther) selecng, purchasing, ang transporting tems seletng method of paymenl; and completing mane transactions; included are Iemet shopging andreas use of letrontsvces suey as computers, call phones, an tablets TEREST AND SLEEP—ctivies relate to obaring restorative rest ang slep to support heal, atv engageret in cteraccupaons Rost Engaging n quit and etoress actions that ilrrupt physical and mortal acy, suing In arelxad sale (Nutt & Mical, 2003p. 227, nluced ae ening ened tole, reducing involve in tir physical, eral, or social act vies; and engaging in oax- aon or oer endear that resiore anergy ana calm and enew interes n engagement ‘Sleep preparation (0) Engaging in routines hat prepare sl or a comrable vst, such as grooming and undressing, reading or Iisoning to music flaslop, saying goog aoe, and engazing in metal or preers;ctermining th time of day and lent of ire desired for leping and etme ceeded to wake; and establishing slop patterns Int support ‘gow ang heath (ates ae ofan personally and cuturly deena, (2) Preparing the pnysical envronment for periods of uncanscousness, suchas making the bed or saxo ‘neon to lp, ensuring warnln or coolness and proestion; satin an alarm clack, Securing tha home, suchas locking dors or closing windows or cura; and turning off electronics or gh. Religious and Taking creo personel needs for slap, such as ozasng aces lo ansure onset of sea, rapping and areamig,sutalning a slap sao witout disruption, and portoing night care of tlting needs and hydration, aso cludes negating the neds ang requirements of and inrating wi obers win the soe a environment such as neon or pattners, including provicng nig me caegivng such as breasteeing and mantoring the conor and say of thers who ae seeping [mL EDUGATION—Acviis odo for learning and parti paing in the cational environment Formal educational patcipon| Patlcipaling in cada (0.9, rath easing, dogre eursowork), nonacadoic (0. recs, lunchroom, allay) extraurcular(e. spots, band, cnesleadng, dances), and vocational (pevecatonal and vocational educational acts Informal parsonal ducational needs or erst exploration deg fopcs and methods for oblainng topio-elaed information oss (beyond formal educaton) Informal personal education patipation Patlcipting informal lasses, programs, and aces tha provide insrution orang In ianited areas of erst IE WORK— "Labor or exertion; fo mate, consul, manuacure, form, shin, or shape objets to organize, plan, oevlute services or processes of living or governing: commited eccualions ta ar peormad wth or wihout nacil reward (Christiansen & Townsend, 207, p. 423), ‘Employment interests and pursuits Tdeniying and selecting work opportunities based on asses, lmlaon, likes, and oshies| relative fo work adele from Mose, 1996, p. 242) ‘Employment seeking and acquisition "Advocating for oneself completing, submitng and reviewing appropri application mails; preparing lr interviews arcipaling in nlerviews and ‘lowing up aterara discussing job beets; and finalizing negotations ‘Job performance Performing ne requieenis ofa job, including work sls and pate: time management; Telinships wit coworkers, manages, and customers; leadership and supervision ‘retion, seduction, and distution of products and series; ation sustainment, and campeon of werk and compl ance with work norms and procedures Retirement preparation and adjustment Determining apltudes, developing inerests an sls, seeing eporopae avozalional usu, and adjusting hiesil in re absence of he worker ole (Continued) s20 MarchiAprl 2014, Valume 68(Supplement 2) Copyright © 2014 by the American Occupational Therapy Association ‘Downloaded From: http:i/ajot.aota.org/ on 06/30/2016 Terms of Use: hitp://AOTA.orgitermsTABLE 1. OCCUPATIONS (Continued) Category Description Volunteer exploration Determining commun causes, organlations, or opparuniis for unpald workin ation- shpto personal sls, interests, locaton, andtime avait Volunteer participation Performing unpaid work acts forthe bane of select causes, organizations, ofa es 1 PLAY—"Any spontanous or organized act thal povdos enjoyment. enetnment. amusement cr diversion (Parham & Fazio 1997, p. 252) Play exploration derlying appropriate olay actvies, including exploration pay, grace ply pete play, ‘games wih rls, contuaive slay and symbolic play (adapted ram Bergan, 1988, pp 665) Play participation Participating in ply; raitalning a balance of play wth other oscupatons; and obtaining, using, and mainlaning oy aquomen, and supplies eppropraely [HE LEISURE— Nonoblgator activi tal is inrinsially moleted and engaged n during discretionary time, has, ime nol commited fo obigaory occupa lions sueh as work socar,o hop” (Parham & Fano, 1997, p 250), Leisure exploration deriving inerests, sls opporunties, and aparopit leisure ates Leisure participation Planning and parciatng in appropiate leisure activites; maining a balance ot isure actives wi oer occupation, andoctiing, using, and maintaining equipment ang supp as appropriate 1m SOCIAL PARTICIPATION— "The intarwoavng of occunlors io suppor desir engagement in community ard aly acts aswel a these invohving peers and triends (Gillen & Boyt Schall, 2014, . 607; involvement in a subset of activ Il inva soo sual ons with athrs(Bedel, 2012) and tal Support social interdependence (Mages! & Hamel, 200, Social particoaion can cccr i person or throug remote technologies such as telephone calls, computer infraction, ana video confrening. ‘Community Engaging nevis thal vesut in succes tration at the commun lel (eg, nagh= borhood organization, worplaze, seno0, religious or spinal group) Family Engaging in activa tat result in “suexssul teraction in speci required andor desros faa les" Mose, 1985, 240) Peer, friend Engaging neces at diferent vals of recon and inimay,ncudng engaging dasred senua acy The American Journal of Occupational Therspy Copyright © 2014 by the American Occupational Therapy Association ‘Downloaded From: http:i/ajot.aota.org/ on 06/30/2016 Terms of Use: hitp://AOTA.orgiterms sai