Safety Important Questions

A job hazard analysis ;
(JHA), also called a job safety analysis (JSA), is a technique to identify the dangers of specific
tasks in order to reduce the risk of injury to workers. Why is a JHA important? Once you know
what the hazards are, you can reduce or eliminate them before anyone gets hurt. A job hazard
analysis is a technique that focuses on job tasks as a way to identify hazards before they occur. It
focuses on the relationship between the worker, the task, the tools, and the work environment.
And that is the major distinction between JSA and JHA. A job safety analysis(JSA) is a safety
management technique that focuses on and is used to identify and control the hazards
associated with a job or task. ... The term JHA can be used interchangeably with JSA.
Usually, the competent person who writes JSAs is the foreperson or supervisor.
Write down job steps. ...
Identify the hazards associated with each step. ...
Determine controls for each hazard. ...
Discuss the JSA with your workers.
Multiply the number of workers by the number ofhours each one worked to calculate the number
ofman-hours your business used during that time period. In this example, multiply 10 workers by
160hours per worker to get 1,600 man-hours.May 2, 2016
Accident analysis is carried out in order to determine the cause or causes of an accident (that can
result in single or multiple outcomes) so as to prevent further accidents of a similar kind. It is part
of accident investigation or incident investigation.
Permit To Work refers to management systems used

to ensure that work is done safely and efficiently.
These are used in hazardous industries and involve
procedures to request, review, authorise, document
and most importantly, de-conflict tasks to be carried
out by front line workers.
Current thinking defines four phases of emergency
management: mitigation, preparedness, response,
and recovery. There are entire courses on each of these
phases.
Emergency Response Plan. The actions taken in the initial minutes of anemergency are critical. A
prompt warning to employees to evacuate, shelter or lockdown can save lives. ... Lockdown is
protective action when faced with an act of violence. When an emergency occurs, the first priority
is always life safety.
The goal of disaster preparedness is to lessen the impact of disasters on vulnerable populations, to
ready an organization for an influx of activity, and to design a coordinated plan that reduces the
waste of resources, time, and efforts.Oct 19, 2017
The term refers to the steps you take to make sure you are safe before, during and after an emergency or natural disaster.
These plans are important for your safety in both natural disasters and man-made disasters. ... People with disabilities
may be especially vulnerable during and after emergencies.
The term refers to the steps you take to make sure you are
safe before, during and after an emergency or natural
disaster. These plans are important for your safety in both
natural disasters and man-made disasters. ... People with
disabilities may be especially vulnerable during and
after emergencies.
A reportable accident is an accident with serious injury. With serious injury is meant death (within
a year after the accident), permanent injury and injury with hospitalisation within 24 hours and for
24 hours (or a night).
Safety officer interview questions;

Question 1. What Is Safety ?
Answer :
It is a condition which gives you freedom from hazard, risk, accident which may cause
injury, damage and loss to material or property damage and even death.
Safety is defined as freedom from those condition that can cause injury to persons
including death or damage to property or environment.
Question 2. What Is Accident ?
Answer :
It is an unexpected or unplanned event which may or may not result in injury or damage
or property loss or death.
Question 3. What Is Injury ?
Answer :
It is defined as a harmful condition sustained by the body as a result of an accident.
Question 4. What Is Hazard ?
Answer :
Inherent property of a substance or an occurrence which has potential to cause loss or

damage property, person or environment.
Question 5. What Is Risk ?
Answer :
In probability of the realization of potential for loss or damage or injury.
Question 6. What Is Incident?
Answer :
It is an event which represents deviation from the intended sequence of designed steps.
Question 7. What Is Safety Policy?
Answer :
Any company has a social and legal obligation to provide a safe and health working
environment to all his improvement to all his employees.
Question 8. What Is Safety Audit?
Answer :
The safety audit is the process that identifies un-safe conditions and unsafe acts the plant
and recommended safety improvement.Walk through It evaluates the unsafe condition
notice able to naked eye during work through the plant. ( Stores, civil work, erection work)
Inter mediate-more details study and review of plant design and plant operation.
Comprehensive –It evaluates the safety factors in the plant on the base engineering,
analysis, testing, measurement.
Question 9. What Is Safety Tag?
Answer :
Safety tag can be defined a surface made of card board or paper board on which English
local languages letters written for warning safety instructions to employees.
Question 10. What Is Safety Programme?
Answer :
Safety programme can be defined as five methods by which accident can be prevent easily
they are engineering, education, enforcement, enthusiasm and example safety programmes
are plain spoken and carry out certain legal steps.
Question 11. What Is Attitude?
Answer :
Attitude may be described as continuous behavior . if man’s behavior is good, then his
action will be either correct or safe.
Question 12. What Is Emergency Planning?
Answer :
Emergency planning can defined as a control measurer. It can control the accidents safe
guard people and provide information to media.
Question 13. What Is Work Permit System?
Answer :
Work permit system is a “ written documents” for permission to undertake a job by area in
charge or it is written document issued by the area in charge to the performer to under
take the specific job.
Question 14. What Is Work At Height?
Answer :
Any work above 2 meters from ground is caused work at height.
Question 15. What Is Confined Space?
Answer :
An area which is small and enclosed or an area where one entry and exits or where a man
cannot work comfortable in any location is caused confined space.
Question 16. What Is Excavation?
Answer :
Marking a hole or tunnel by digging the ground by man or machine is called excavation.
Question 17. What Is Scaffolding?
Answer :
It is a temporary platform constructed for supporting both men and materials and working
safety at a construction site.
Question 18. What Is Welding?
Answer :
The process of joining of metals either by electrical or by gas is called welding.
Question 19. What Is Gas Cutting ?
Answer :
The process of joining of cutting metals by using oxygen and combustible gas is called gas
cutting.
Question 20. What Is Sand Blasting?
Answer :
The process of removing rust dust, dirt, scales and old prints from the old surface using
compressed air is called sand blasting.
Question 21. What Is Painting?
Answer :
The process after sand blasting is called painting .
Question 22. What Is Lel?
Answer :
The minimum concentration of vapour, gasses and dust in air below which propagation of
flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition is called LEL.
Question 23. What Is Uel?
Answer :
The maximum proporation of vapour, gasses and dust in air above which proposal the
flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition is called UEL.
Question 24. What Is Manual Handing?
Answer :
The process of lifting, carrying and stacking materials by men is called manual handing.
Question 25. What Is House Keeping?
Answer :
House keeping means not only cleanness but also orderly arrangement of operations, tools,
equipments storage facilities and suppliers.
Question 26. What Is Personal Protective Equipment?
Answer :
It is an equipments used to project the person from hazards such dust, dirt, fumes and
sparks etc. It is the barrier between hazard and person.
Question 27. What Is Grinding?
Answer :
Grinder is a portable machine with a wheel guard in position to reduced the danger.
Question 28. What Is Crane?
Answer :
A tall machine used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting arm
with hook.
Question 29. What Are The Duties Of A Safety Officer?
Answer :
Prepare tool box talk
Prepare monthly statistics
Prepare the checklist

Accident reports
Management meetings
Arrange the safety classes/training
Arrange monthly safety bulletin
Inspection of fire extinguisher
Arrange first aid training classes
Arrange safety competitions like quiz, slogan, poster competitions exhibition etc.
Question 30. What Are The Duties Of A Supervisor?
Answer :
He has to instruct this workers about the work methods and procedures.
He has to maintain discipline among the workers
He has to supply necessary materials
He has to control quality and cost of the job
He has to guide has workers in doing a job in the correct and safe way
He has to supply suitable personal protective equipment to his workers
He should conduct periodical safety meetings.
He should conduct safety inspection of his working area
He should know about the fire fight equipments
He should know investigate the accident and find out the cause of accident
Question 31. What Are The Pre Cautions For Welding?
Answer :
Remove all combustion material from the place of welding
Clear the work area and cover wooden floor with fire proof mats. ( Welding mechanic
should be kept with in the visibility of the welders.
Erect fire resistance screen around the work
All welding cables should be fully insulted
All welding mics shall be double earthed
Welding area should be dry and free from water
Keep the fire extinguisher / sand really
Question 32. What Is The Precaution For Gas Cutting?
Answer :
Keep fire extinguisher nearby
Keep fire watch near by
Remove all combustible from work area
Use all necessary PPE
Never put welding gas cylinder in side a confined space
Hoses shall not be laid in path ways
Gas cutting torch should have flash back arrestors
Gas test to be done to check for presence of flammable gas in site.
Good house keeping and ventilation necessary in working area.
Hose connections should be made properly
Question 33. What Are The Hazards In Welding?
Answer :
Eye injury
Burn injury Arc realization
Electrical shock Light arc radiation
Heat, light and radiation effect Heat fume

Poisonous gases Chipped price of weld metal
Fire
Explosion Scattering
Noise Sparking
Sparking
Flying sand
Question 34. What Precautions Are Need To Avoid Accident In Manhandling?
Answer :
Stand at safe distance from the load
Sharp edge and burns are removed before lifting a material.
PPE such as safety gloves and safety shoes are to be used.
If the weight is too heavy for one person to lift, then he has to seek the assistance.
The pathway is not blocked by obstacles while carrying the load.
The different actions, movements and forces necessary while carrying the load.
Modify the task by using hooks and crow bars.
Mechanical equipments like cranes shall be used.
Modify the objects
Change the way things are used.
Question 35. General Safety Precautions In Construction?
Answer :
Adequate first aid equipment should be kept ready
Adequate fire fighting equipment should be available
All general electrical rules should be followed

suitable lighting arrangements should be necessary at night work
Work men at height should be wear safety belts
Work men handling cement should be provided with goggles, rubber gloves and rubber
boots by nose mask.
The moving parts of grinding machines used construction site should be covered with
guards
The moving parts of grinding machines used construction site should be covered with
guards
Excavated material should not kept near the excavated
Very short duration of work red flags must be hoisted and more duration red banners
must be stretched
Defective tools should not be used
The worker should not carry tools in his hands when climbing a ladder
Excavation should be guarded by suitable fencing
Health and Safety questions;

Question 1. What Is The Safety?
Answer :
The condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury is Called Safety.
Question 2. What Is The Accident?
Answer :
It is an unexpected or unplanned event which may or may not result in injury or damage or property loss or
death.
Question 3. What Is The Injury?
Answer :
It is defined as a harmful condition sustained by the body as a result of an accident.
Question 4. What Is The Hazard?

Answer :
The inherent property of a substance or an occurrence which has potential to cause loss or damage property,
person or environment.
Question 5. What Is The Risk?
Answer :
In probability of the realization of the potential for loss or damage or injury.
Question 6. What Is The Incident?
Answer :
It is an event which represents the deviation from the intended sequence of designed steps.
Answer :
Any company has a social and legal obligation to provide a safe and healthy working environment for all his
improvement to all his employees.
Question 8. What Is Safety Audit?
Answer :
The safety audit is the process that identifies unsafe conditions and unsafe acts the plant and recommended
safety improvement. Walk through it evaluates the unsafe condition notice able to the naked eye during work
through the plant. (Stores, civil work, erection work)
Intermediate-more details to study and review of plant design and plant operation.
Comprehensive –it evaluates the safety factors in the plant on the base engineering, analysis, testing, and
measurement.
Question 9. What Is Safety Tag?
Answer :
Safety tag can be defined a surface made of card board or paper board on which English local languages
letters written for warning safety instructions to employees.
Question 10. What Is Safety Program?
Answer :
Safety program can be defined as five methods by which accident can be prevented easily they are
engineering, education, enforcement, enthusiasm and example safety programs are plain spoken and carry
out certain legal steps.
Question 11. What Is Attitude?
Answer :
Attitude may be described as continuous behavior. If man’s behavior is good, then his action will be either
correct or safe.
Question 12. What Is Emergency Planning?
Answer :
Emergency planning can be defined as a control measure. It can control the accidents safeguard people and
provide information to media.
Question 13. What Is Work Permit System?
Answer :
Work permit system is a “written documents” for permission to undertake a job by area in charge or it is
written document issued by the area in charge to the performer to undertake the specific job.
Question 14. What Is Work At Height?
Answer :
Any work above 2 meters from the ground is caused work at height.
Question 15. What Is Confined Space?
Answer :
An area which is small and enclosed or an area where one entry and exits or where a man cannot work
comfortably in any location is caused confined space.
Answer :
Question 17. What Is Scaffolding?
Answer :
It is a temporary platform constructed for supporting both men and materials and working safety at a
construction site.
Answer :
Question 19. What Is Gas Cutting?
Answer :
The process of joining of cutting metals by using oxygen and combustible gas is called gas cutting.
Question 20. What Is Sandblasting?
Answer :
The process of removing rust dust, dirt, scales and old prints from the old surface using compressed air is
called sandblasting.
Question 21. What Is Painting?
Answer :
The process after sand blasting is called painting.
Question 22. What Is Lel?
Answer :
The minimum concentration of vapor, gases, and dust in air below which propagation of flame does not occur
on contact with a source of ignition is called LEL.
Answer :
The maximum proportion of vapor, gases, and dust in the air above which proposal the flame does not occur
on contact with a source of ignition is called UEL.
Question 24. What Is Manual Handling?
Answer :
The process of lifting, carrying and stacking materials by men is called manual handling.
Question 25. What Is Housekeeping?
Answer :
Housekeeping means not only cleanliness but also the orderly arrangement of operations, tools, equipments
storage facilities and suppliers.
Answer :
It is equipments used to project the person from hazards such dust, dirt, fumes, and sparks etc. It is the
barrier between hazard and person.
Answer :
A grinder is a portable machine with a wheel guard in position to reduce the danger.
Question 28. What Is Crane?
Answer :
A tall machine used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting arm with a hook.
Question 29. What Is Fork Lift Truck?
Answer :
Fork lift truck is designed to handle heavy loads.
Question 30. What Is Jsa?
Answer :
The procedure of analyzing job for the specific purpose of finding the hazards and developing.
Answer :
Prepare tool box talk
Prepare monthly statistics
Prepare the checklist
Accident reports
Management meetings
Arrange the safety classes/training
Arrange monthly safety bulletin
Inspection of fire extinguisher
Arrange first aid training classes
Arrange safety competitions like quiz, slogan, and poster

Competitions exhibition etc.
Question 32. What Are The Duties Of A Supervisor?
Answer :
He has to instruct these workers about the work methods and procedures.
He has to maintain discipline among the workers
He has to supply necessary materials
He has to control quality and cost of the job
He has to guide has workers in doing a job in the correct and safe way
He has to supply suitable personal protective equipment to his workers
He should conduct periodical safety meetings.
He should conduct safety inspection of his working area
He should know about the fire fight equipment
He should know investigate the accident and find out the cause of accident.
Question 33. What Are The Precautions For Welding?
Answer :
Clear the work area and cover wooden floor with fire proof mats. (Welding mechanic should be kept within
the visibility of the welders.
All welding cables should be fully insulated
Keep the fire extinguisher/sand really
Use leather hand gloves, goggles, and helmets
Switch off the power when welding is stopped
Do not allow the helper to do welding

Do not shift he welding cable unless the electric power is switched off.
Do not allow the helper to carry the welding. The terminal of the welding cables should be provided 3-cable
with lugs and kept tight.
Oxygen hose in black and acetylene hose in red in color as per standard
Nrv of the blow torches should be maintained properly avoid back fire
Welders should be trained properly
Cylinders should be stored in a cold dry place away bottom heat and direct sunlight.
Proper housekeeping, good ventilation in the working area
Smoking should be avoided from welding area
Hose connection should be proper made
Barricade the work area and put a sign board
Rolling of cylinders should be avoided
Flash back arrestor should be attached to each cylinder.
Any leakage of cylinder should be kept separately.
Question 34. What Are The Precautions For Gas Cutting?
Answer :
Keep fire extinguisher nearby
Keep fire watch nearby
Remove all combustible from work area
Use all necessary PPE
Never put welding gas cylinder inside a confined space
Hoses shall not be laid in path ways
Gas cutting torch should have flash back arrestors
Gas test to be done to check for the presence of flammable gas in site.
Good housekeeping and ventilation necessary in working area.
Those connections should be made properly

Question 35. What Are The Precautions For “sandblasting”?
Answer :
The compressed airline, hoses and another fitting must installment firmly without leaks the hose.
Mis use compress are should be avoided
A fresh air hood or mask must be worn
Housekeeping can be done periodically
Fire extinguisher shall be kept near by
Dust mask ear plugs/muffs should be used
No sand blasting shall be done on top of floating roof tank in service.
Use goggles & face shield
Sand blasting operation must be gas free
Question 36. What Is The Precaution For “painting”?
Answer :
All flammable material should be cleared from the work area
The required protective clothing and equipment must be worn
Cartridge respirators shall always be worn
Adequate ventilation is necessary
Adequate washing facilities must be readily available
Barrier cream should be applied to the skin
Question 37. What Are The Hazards In Welding?
Answer :
Eye injury
Burn injury arc realization
Electrical shock light arc radiation
Heat, light, and radiation affect heat fume

Poisonous gases chipped price of weld metal
Fire
Explosion scattering
Noise sparkling
Sparkling
Flying sand
Question 38. What Are Hazards And Injuries In Manual Handling?
Answer :
Cutting fingers due to sharp edges
Burns due to handling of hot articles
Foot injuries due to dropped articles
Slipped disc due to improper posture in lifting on object
Strains to wrist or fingers
Sprains, wounds hernias, fractures
Question 39. Cause Of Accidents In Manual Handling?
Answer :
Improper lifting
Carrying too heavy loads
Improper gripping
Failure to use PPE
Lifting greasy, oily and irregular objects
Poor physique
Question 40. What Precautions Are Needed To Avoid The Accident In Manhandling?
Answer :
Stand at safe distance from the load

Sharp edge and burns are removed before lifting a
PPE such as safety gloves and safety shoes are to be
If the weight is too heavy for one person to lift, then he has to seek the assistance.
The pathway is not blocked by obstacles while carrying the load.
The different actions, movements, and forces necessary while carrying the load.
Modify the task by using hooks and crow bars.
Mechanical equipment like cranes shall be used.
Modify the objects
Change the way things are used.
Question 41. Tips For Manual Handling?
Answer :
Plan
Clear the path
Move in close to the load
Secure your grip
Hold your head upright
Maintain normal curves of the spine
Don’t twist
Question 42. Cause Of Accidents In Mechanical Handling?
Answer :
The sudden failure of wire rope or a chain
Slipping of the load from the sling
Swinging of the load at the time of lifting
The load sometimes hits the man
Question 43. What Are The Accidents In “poor Housekeeping”?

Answer :
Men getting hit by falling from overhead
Men slipping as greasy, wet or dirty floor
Men failing in open tank without cover in level floor
Accidents due to poor lighting
Fire accidents due to faulty electrical wires.
Question 44. What Are The Advantages In Good Housekeeping?
Answer :
It helps in the reduction of accidents including fire accidents
It saves the property damages
It improves employee morale
Better productivity
Working area becomes presentable
Human energy is conserved
Visitors are very much satisfied
The burden of supervisor is reduced
Question 45. How To Care And Maintenance Of Hand Tools?
Answer :
Tools must be kept clean and free from corrosion
Keep metal parts lightly oiled
Remove burrs from edges of tools and heads of chisels.
Tools which are not in use must be stored separately
A good worker regularly inspects his tools
Do not use tools without handles
Question 46. How To Prevent Accidents Of “power Tools”?

Answer :
The operators should wear face shields or safety glasses
Power tools should be placed in the store room after use
Power tools should have protected by guards
Pneumatic hoses or electric cables of power tools should not pass through passage ways.
The electrical power tools should be properly earthed
Never horse play with hose of pneumatic tools
Power tools machines should be maintained and operated properly.
Question 47. What Are The Causes Of Accidents Of “hard Tools”?
Answer :
Due to wrong way using of tools.
Due to defective condition of tools
Due to failure of using right tools for right job
Due to wrong way of carrying tools
Due to strong of tools in safety
Question 48. What Precautions Are Necessary For Electrical Work?
Answer :
All electrical installations shall be as per standard electricity rules
Only competent persons should handle the electrical equipment.
The equipment should be earthed properly
All temporary electric lines should be drawn at least above man’s height
Cable should be completely insulated
Cable should not have any joints
Only connection for one point
Good housekeeping on the area

Fire protection equipment to be kept near by
Use rubber gloves and rubber boots
Use good quality of wire
Power isolation close to the job
Use three pin plug instead of loose wire
Never operate any electrical equipment with wet hands
Never stand wet surface while working electrical equipment
During thunder storm do not stand under tree
Proper sign board is necessary
No person shall work on any live electrical conductor
The switch shall only be put on by person who switched it off.
Question 49. What Are The Hazards In Construction?
Answer :
Fall of person from top and getting injured
Fall of objects from top and below person injury
Fall of materials from top and damaged
Person falls into excavated pit
Collapse of soil and below person get injury or may
Damage of ug cables and sewage pipe
Collapse of scaffolding and person fall from height, get injury
Electrical shock
Fire and explosion
Burn injury
Health and lung problems
Snakes bite
Poisonous gas
Foreign body in eye
Question 50. Cause Of Accident In Construction?
Answer :
Erection equipment failure
Falling of persons from height
Electrical shocks
Improper lighting
Non-stop working by worker
Up safe work methods
Collapsing of earth during trench excavation
Failure of use safety equipment
Working a height without safety belt
Question 51. General Safety Precautions In Construction?
Answer :
Adequate firefighting equipment should be available
Suitable lighting arrangements should be necessary at night work
Work men at height should be wearing safety belts
Work men handling cement should be provided with goggles, rubber gloves and rubber boots by nose mask.
The moving parts of grinding machines used construction site should be covered with guards
Excavated material should not be kept near the excavated
Very short duration of work red flags must be hoisted and more duration red banners must be stretched
Question 52. How To Erect Scaffolding?
Answer :
It should be erected on levels firm ground
It erected by trained/skilled person
It is constructed using metal pipes and wooden boards
It should be design and constructed from good and sound material
Not to be erected on loose earth
Clamps should be fixed
Properly bracing
Sole plate is necessary the base of vertical pipe
Question 53. Safety Precaution Of Scaffold?
Answer :
Wooden board not be painted
Wooden board should not to any cracks
Check for rust in pipes/clamps
Clamps should be fixed and good quality
Boards thickness should be 3.4 cms and no bending
The construction must be rigid, properly based
Use of good and sound materials
The wooden bellies has not joint
Vertical poles should not be more than 6 feet
Chains, ropes used for the suspension of scaffoldings

Never throw any materials from height
Use safety harness while working at above 6 feet
Properly ties to be arrangement
Question 54. What Controls Measures Are Necessary For Confined Space?
Answer :
Enter with air line bar sets
Use 24v flame proof hand lamps
A hole watches to be kept near man hole
Keep fire fighting equipment ready
Gas test to be done to check for oxygen level
Provide blowers
Don’t smoke in confined space
Use ropes and harness
The spaces clean before entry
Use non-sparking tools it there is any risk of flammable vapors being present.
Question 55. Safety Rules When Using Ladders?
Answer :
The foot wear is not greasy, oily and muddy and has a good grip on the rungs.
When climbing or coming down a ladder should be facing the ladder side and had on with both hands.
Carry light tools in pockets in a shoulder bag.
Hold on with at least new hand if use of both hands then, use safety belt
Never climb higher than the third rung from the top on straight or second tired from the top on the extension
ladder.
Step ladder must be fully open and the divider locked
The metal ladder shall not be used near electrical equipment.
Metal ladder shall not be placed on firm footing and at angle of 75

Any ladder found defect in any way should be marked do not use
The ladder shall not be placed in a box or drum.
Rubber protection on head and heel of a ladder is necessary.
Question 56. Safety Rules Ensuring Oxygen Cylinders?
Answer :
Oxygen cylinders should not be kept near combustible materials.
Oxygen cylinders should not be handled with grassy hands or gloves.
Oxygen cylinders and their fittings should not be tested with oil based soap solution.
Oxygen cylinders and other combustible gas cylinders should not be stored together.
The top cover of the cylinder should be kept in position and screwed safety when not in use.
Cylinders should not be used as rollers for moving materials
Oxygen must not be used for ventilating confined spaces.
Question 57. Safety Rules In Using Compressed Air?
Answer :
Only authorized persons should be used compressed air.
The body or clothes should not be cleaned.
Fire interview q;
Question 1. What Is A ‘fire Triangle’?
Answer :
A fire triangle represents the three elements, which causes a fire in a combustible mixture. The three elements
are fuel, air and ignition.
Question 2. What Is Importance Or A ‘hood’ On A Gas Turbine?
Answer :
During a gas turbine normal running condition, a hood provides:

Prevention of turbine high dB noise to outside areas.
Keeps the gas turbine clean from external dust.
Provides a draft for the gas leak to the exhaust through the hood fan.
During a gas turbine shutdown condition a hood provides:
Cooling the turbine body by way of the hood fan.
During a fire shutdown it facilitates to put out the fire by confining the fire extinguishers on the gas turbine.
Question 3. Why Do We Use ‘halon’ As A Fire Extinguisher In A Gas Turbine Hood?
Answer :
Halon is stored in liquid form in a cylinder. When it is released in a hood during the occurrence of the fire, it
discharges the halon in gas from. Halon does not act or react on electrical components.
Question 4. What Is The Expansion From Of B.c.f?
Answer :
The expansion form of B.F.C is Bromo chloro floride.
Question 5. In A Ruston Gas Turbine, Why Are There Two Halon Cylinders In Each Bank? How Do They
Function?
Answer :
The first bottle is the ‘first shot’ and the second bottle is ‘Extended shot’. The first bottle discharges the
Gallon into the hood through a 1’’ pipe in approximately 15 seconds, where as the extended bottle discharges
the Halon through a ¼’’ pipe for another ½’’hour period to maintain the inert atmosphere.
Question 6. How Many Uv Detectors Are Installed In Solar, Ruston Tb-5000 And Ruston Ta-1750 Gas
Turbine Hoods?
Answer :
Solar gas turbine hood: 4 UV detectors
Ruston TA1750 hood: 4 UV detectors
Ruston TB5000 hood: 12 UV detectors
Question 7. What Is Voting Logic Of Uv Detectors In Soar And Ruston Gas Turbines?
Answer :
There are two voting logics, they are: 1 out of 4 UV s and 2 out of 4 UVs.
Question 8. What Happens When Uv Detectors Detect A Fire?
Answer :
1 out of 4 UVs: creates annunciation, audible alarm on the control panel and siren in the field (refer to the
station drawings for the exact function and operations).
2 out of 4 UVs: creates annunciation, audible alarm on the control panel, a siren in the field, shutdown of the
turbine and release of the fire extinguisher (refer to the station drawings for the exact function and
operations).
Question 9. How Much Is The Time Delay Between Fire Sensing By A Uv Detector And Confirming With An
Alarm?
Answer :
Generally it is set for 4 secs. The UV detectors initiates a fire alarm only when the UV is detecting the fire
continuously for 4 secs (refer to the station drawings for the exact settings parameters).
Question 10. What Are The Halon Manual Release Facilities Available On A Solar Gas Turbine?
Answer :
Auto Halon cylinder can be discharged manually from the fire & gas control panel in the control room. On
instiating the manual release:
The unit shuts down.
The auto Halon cylinder gets discharged in the hood.
Auto halon discharge confirmation and the auto Halon cylinder pressure low alarm appears on the control
panel.
Audible alarm in the control room and siren in the field occurs.
Manual Halon cylinder can discharge manually from the field through a pall string. On initiating the manual
release:
The unit shutdown.
The manual Halon cylinder gets discharged in the hood.
Manual Halon discharge confirmation and the manual Halon cylinder pressure low alarm appears on the
control panel.
Audible alarm in the control room and siren in the field occurs.
Question 11. Why Are There ‘heat Switches’ Inside The Hood, When There Are Uv Detectors?
Answer :
Heat switches are a mechanical type and they are considered to be a positive type of fire detection system.
The heat switch settings are much higher than the hood temperature.
Question 12. What Maybe The Reasons If A Unit Shutdown On False Heat Detected Alarm?
Answer :
The reason could be:
Hood ventilation fan has failed or stopped.
Major hot gas leak inside the hood.
Question 13. What Happens When A Heat Switch Actuates?
Answer :
On detection of heat, the heat switch initiates the following:
Annunciation, audible alarm on the control panel, a siren in the field, shut down of the turbine and release of
fire extinguisher (refer to the station drawings for the exact settings parameters).
Question 14. Explain The Operating Principle Of A Gas Monitor?
Answer :
Gas monitor measures the imbalance in the current loop caused by its active and inactive filaments in the
presence of a combustible gas.
Question 15. Explain The Calibration Procedure Of A Gas Monitor System?
Answer :
Gas sensor loop current or voltage at the sensor head is set as per the manufacturer’s recommended value.
Gas monitor zero is adjusted to the instrument air.
A test gas with a known quantity of combustion gas (Generally methane 2% by volume) is fed to the sensor
and the span is adjusted to read 40% on the monitor scale (refer to the station drawings for the exact settings
parameters).
The calibration procedure is repeated until the zero and span reads correctly.
Question 16. What Are The Alarm And Shut Down Setting On A Gas Monitor?
Answer :
Generally on the gas monitor, the alarm is set at 20%rising and the shutdown is set at 60%rising (refer to the
station drawing for the exact settings parameters)
Question 17. What Has To Be Done Prior To Entering A Gas Turbine Hood?
Answer :
Prior to entering a gas turbine, turn on the ‘ventilation defeat switch’.
Question 18. What Is A Ventilation Defeat Switch?
Answer :
On activating, the ventilation defeat switch inhibits the release of Halon in the auto mode and also the unit
shutdown on ‘ventilation failure’.
Question 19. How Much Is The Delay Between Fire Detection And Halon Release? Why Is The Time Delay
Required?
Answer :
A time delay of 15 secs. Is set between the detection of fire and the initiation of Halon release. This is to
achieve effective fire extinguishing by allowing the hood fan to run-down to zero speed and the bleed valves to
release the compressed air.
Question 20. What Does A Hood Ventilation Fan Do When A Fire Is Detected? And Why?
Answer :
On detection of fire, the fire system initiates the hood fan shutdown. This is to minimize the presence of air
the hood for releasing the extinguisher.
Risk interview;
Question 1. What Are The Company’s Top Risks, How Severe Is Their Impact And How
Likely Are They To Occur?
Answer :
Managing enterprise risk at a strategic level requires focus, meaning generally emphasizing
no more than five to 10 risks. Day-to-day risks are an ongoing operating responsibility.
Question 2. How Often Does The Company Refresh Its Assessment Of The Top Risks?
Answer :
The enterprise wide risk assessment process should be responsive to change in the business
environment. A robust process for identifying and prioritizing the critical enterprise risks,
including emerging risks, is vital to an evergreen view of the top risks.
Question 3. Who Owns The Top Risks And Is Accountable For Results, And To Whom Do
They Report?
Answer :
Once the key risks are targeted, someone or some group, function or unit must own them.
Gaps and overlaps in risk ownership should be minimized, if not eliminated.
Question 4. How Effective Is The Company In Managing Its Top Risks?
Answer :
A robust process for managing and monitoring each of the critical enterprise risks is
essential to successful risk management, and risk management capabilities must be
improved continuously as the speed and complexity of business change.
Question 5. Are There Any Organizational “blind Spots” Warranting Attention?
Answer :
Cultural issues and dysfunctional behavior can undermine the effectiveness of risk
management and lead to inappropriate risk taking or the undermining of established
policies and processes. For example, lack of transparency, conflicts of interest, a shoot-the-
messenger environment and/or unbalanced compensation structures may encourage
undesirable behavior and compromise the effectiveness of risk management.
Question 6. Does The Company Understand The Key Assumptions Underlying Its Strategy
And Align Its Competitive Intelligence Process To Monitor External Factors For Changes
That Could Alter Those Assumptions?
Answer :
A company can fall so in love with its business model and strategy that it fails to recognize
changing paradigms until it is too late. While no one knows for sure what will happen that
could invalidate the company’s strategic assumptions in the future, monitoring the validity
of key assumptions over time as the business environment changes is a smart thing to do.
Question 7. Does The Company Articulate Its Risk Appetite And Define Risk Tolerances
For Use In Managing The Business?
Answer :
The risk appetite dialogue helps to bring balance to the conversation around which risks
the enterprise should take, which risks it should avoid and the parameters within which it
should operate going forward. The risk appetite statement is decomposed into risk
tolerances to address the question, “How much variability are we willing to accept as we
pursue a given business objective?” For example, separate risk tolerances may be
expressed differently for objectives relating to earnings variability, interest rate exposure,
and the acquisition, development and retention of people.
Question 8. Does The Company’s Risk Reporting Provide Management And The Board
Information They Need About The Top Risks And How They Are Managed?
Answer :
Risk reporting starts with relevant information about the critical enterprise risks and how
those risks are managed. Are there opportunities to enhance the risk reporting process to
make it more effective and efficient? Is there a process for monitoring and reporting
critical enterprise risks and emerging risks to executive management and the board?
Question 9. Is The Company Prepared To Respond To Extreme Events?
Answer :
Does the company have response plans for unlikely extreme events? Has it prioritized its
high-impact, low-likelihood risks in terms of their reputational effect, velocity to impact
and persistence of impact, as well as the enterprise’s response readiness?
Question 10. Does The Board Have The Requisite Skill Sets To Provide Effective Risk
Oversight?
Answer :
To provide input to executive management regarding critical risk issues on a timely basis,
directors must understand the business and industry, as well as how the changing
environment impacts the business model.
Question 11. Who Is Responsible For The Enterprise Risk Management Or Risk
Management Process?
Answer :
Without assigning someone clear accountability for the process of risk management, it is
unlikely that risks would be identified, prioritized and mitigated across an organization on
a periodic basis and in a thorough way. In addition, it is unlikely risk would be given the
focus that is required to achieve a reasonable degree of control over the many uncertainties
facing organizations in today’s highly dynamic marketplace.
Less important are such details as the title of the individual with the accountability or how
large a budget or staff the individual is provided. A named, accountable person is key to
ensuring that a sound process is in operating.
Question 12. What Are The Most Significant Risks To The Strategy, And What Is Being
Done To Address These?
Answer :
Given that failures are generally caused by a strategic risk that has not been addressed
rather than by a catastrophic storm or single cyber attack, for example, it is vital for
organizations to know and deal with their strategic risks.
Strategic risks typically involve aspects of the business such as:
What is the organization’s vision of the future – does it take into account where technology,
science and other dynamic forces are going?
What is the mission – what does the organization make or sell, to whom and in which
geographies?
What are the goals and objectives – how much does the organization want to grow, at what
margins, keeping what capital and debt levels?
What are the values – how does the organization want to behave and be perceived in the
marketplace?
What is the position with strategic partners, investors and vendors?
Question 13. Is There A Single Risk Register That Collates All Significant Risks (strategic
And Non-strategic), With Action Plans To Mitigate Them?
Answer :
Strategic and non-strategic risks of a certain magnitude should be combined into one risk
register that allows management and the board to see:
all the major risks
what is being done to mitigate them
what is the progress against the risk mitigation plan
The board should expect to see such a report or ask for one, if it is not already being
created.
Question 14. What Are The Top 10 Risks Overall?
Answer :
These should be top of mind for the organization’s senior team at all times and be a
familiar topic of discussion with the board. Board members should consider if these make
sense based on all the information they have been privy to about the organization.
Question 15. Do Individual Performance Plans Include Risk Management?

Answer :
If managing risk is really important to the organization, the individual performance plans
of a large number of employees at different levels of the organization should include a
specific objective or task related to risk management. Thus, the performance against these
would be evaluated at regular intervals. It is well-known that what gets measured gets
managed, and what gets rewarded gets attention.
Question 16. Who Is Responsible For Information Technology Security?
Answer :
Clear accountability for the task of ensuring IT security is also critical. With the risk of
cyber breaches, demands for service, extortion and stealing of bank accounts and
intellectual property so high, an organization needs to ensure it has the necessary expertise
to create a secure technological platform. This can be in the form of hired staff or expert
contractors.
In the case of some recent, high-profile breaches, it appears that the role of chief
information security officer (CISO) was either non-existent or that the individual filling the
role was brand new. An inference can be drawn that a seasoned CISO who understood the
organization might have made a difference.
Of course, having the role filled does not guarantee never having a security risk come to
fruition. But it does reduce the risk to some extent, and having a CISO makes the discovery
and recovery from a breach or attack quicker and more efficient when one does occur.
Question 17. Do All Employees Get Some Information And Training On Identifying And
Reporting A Risk? Is There A Risk Reporting “hot-line”?
Answer :
The answer to this question will give the board insight into several things. If there is a hot-
line, it shows that the organization is seriously interested in identifying risks and that the
topic of risk is being handled fairly transparently within the organization. If there is not
one, the board may wonder why there is no channel for the rank and file to alert
management about risks.
Question 18. Have Correlated Risks Been Looked For, And What Are They?
Answer :
Large and small organizations, alike, have the potential to harbor correlated risks.
Correlated risks are a group of risks that might occur at the same time because there is a
relationship of some sort among them. The aspect at play could be:
a geography in common
a single source with multiple ties. For example, a company that has call centers, data
processing and manufacturing plants in a single Southeast Asia country has the potential
for correlated risk if that country is hit by a natural catastrophe, political upheaval or some
other turbulence. Another example is, if different product units of a manufacturing
company use the same supplier for raw materials or OEM parts, there is the potential for
correlated risk if that supplier is unable to deliver on its orders.
A correlation might also be in terms of chain reactions. One risk event may give rise to
other risks, which is often true in the case of natural disasters such as earthquakes and
hurricanes.
A question about correlated risks will not only elicit an answer about those risks but also
provide insight as to whether risk is being discussed in depth and across organizational
silos.
Question 19. Are A Business Continuity Plan And Disaster Recovery Plan In Place?
Answer :
No matter how robust a risk management process is, a company will experience
catastrophes of one sort or another from time to time. There is a need for plans that deal
with these because reaction speed is critically important in managing them well.
The business continuity plan has the aim of keeping all or some of the business running
from another venue or with back-up systems or on-call staff, or whatever allows continuous
operations. The disaster recovery plan has the mission to restore normal operations as
quickly as possible after the business has been interrupted in whole or in part.
In reviewing these plans, key elements to look for include:
a communication hierarchy for notification that is complete and up to date
a decision tree for creating clarity around who can make which decisions
a list of third-party resources that have been previously vetted and can be called in to assist
– some will be part of any insurance policies that may be triggered by the risk/loss event.
Question 20. What Risks Are Being Transferred By Insurance Versus What Is Being
Mitigated Internally, And What Is The Quality Of The Insurer?
Answer :
Insurance can be an effective and efficient way to handle
risk when it is used in a well-constructed fashion. The board
will want to consider high-level issues such as:
Is the right set of risks covered; i.e. those that are less predictable, require special expertise
and are beyond the financial wherewithal of the organization to withstand?
Are the right limits being purchased; i.e. is the value of the policy high enough to truly
cover a major loss?
How highly is the insurer rated, and what is its claims service reputation.
A way in which the board can judge the merit of the answers to these questions is to find
out:
the kind of analysis that was done to determine the insurance program
who did the analysis
whether there is benchmark information to look at from comparable organizations.
There are, undoubtedly, other questions that the board may need to ask. These are an
excellent starting place for getting a sense of how well the organization is addressing risk.
Question 21. What Is The Difference Between A Risk Assessment And A Method
Statement?
Answer :
A risk assessment is simply a careful examination of what, in your work, could cause harm
to people, so that you can weigh up whether you have enough precautions or whether you
should do more.
As an employer or self-employed person, you must do a risk assessment but you only need
to record it if you employee five or more people.
A safety method statement is not required by law. It describes in a logical sequence exactly
how a job is to be carried out in a safe manner and without risks to health. It includes all
the risks identified in the risk assessment and the measures needed to control those risks.
This allows the job to be properly planned and resourced.
Safety method statements are most often found in the construction sector. They are
particularly helpful for:
higher-risk, complex or unusual work (eg steel and formwork erection, demolition or the
use of hazardous substances)
providing information to employees about how the work should be done and the
precautions to be taken
providing the principal contractor with information to develop the health and safety plan
for the construction phase of a project
Whether safety method statements are used or not, it is essential to make sure that risks
are controlled.
Question 22. What Are Risk Matrices?
Answer :
Most businesses will not need to use risk matrices. However, they can be used to help you
work out the level of risk associated with a particular issue. They do this by categorising
the likelihood of harm and the potential severity of the harm. This is then plotted in a
matrix (please see below for an example). The risk level determines which risks should be
tackled first.
Using a matrix can be helpful for prioritising your actions to control a risk. It is suitable for
many assessments but in particular to more complex situations. However, it does require
expertise and experience to judge the likelihood of harm accurately. Getting this wrong
could result in applying unnecessary control measures or failing to take important ones.
Question 23. Do Hse Carry Out Risk Assessments For Businesses?
Answer :
No. We are an independent regulator and act in the public interest to reduce work-related
death, illness and serious injury across Great Britain's workplaces. We also provide advice
through our website and publications which are freely available to download.
If you need external help or advice, please go to the following web pages:
Get competent advice
The Occupational Safety and Health Consultants Register (OSHCR)
Question 24. What Are Significant Risks?
Answer :
Significant risks are those that are not trivial in nature and are capable of creating a real
risk to health and safety which any reasonable person would appreciate and would take
steps to guard against.
What can be considered as 'insignificant' will vary from site to site and activity to activity,
depending on specific circumstances.
Question 25. What Is A Hierarchy Of Control?
Answer :
Risks should be reduced to the lowest reasonably practicable level by taking preventative
measures, in order of priority. This is what is meant by a hierarchy of control. The list
below sets out the order to follow when planning to reduce risks you have identified in your
workplace. Consider the headings in the order shown, do not simply jump to the easiest
control measure to implement.
Elimination - Redesign the job or substitute a substance so that the hazard is removed or
eliminated.
Substitution - Replace the material or process with a less hazardous one.
Engineering controls - for example use work equipment or other measures to prevent falls
where you cannot avoid working at height, install or use additional machinery to control
risks from dust or fume or separate the hazard from operators by methods such as
enclosing or guarding dangerous items of machinery/equipment. Give priority to measures
which protect collectively over individual measures.
Administrative Controls - These are all about identifying and implementing the procedures
you need to work safely. For example: reducing the time workers are exposed to hazards
(eg by job rotation); prohibiting use of mobile phones in hazardous areas; increasing safety
signage, and performing risk assessments.
Personal protective clothes and equipment - Only after all the previous measures have been
tried and found ineffective in controlling risks to a reasonably practicable level, must
personal protective equipment (PPE) be used. For example, where you cannot eliminate the
risk of a fall, use work equipment or other measures to minimise the distance and
consequences of a fall (should one occur). If chosen, PPE should be selected and fitted by
the person who uses it. Workers must be trained in the function and limitation of each item
of PPE.
Question 26. Who Is Responsible For Doing A Risk Assessment?
Answer :
As an employer or a self-employed person, you are responsible for health and safety in
your business.
You can delegate the task, but ultimately you are responsible. You will need to make sure
that whoever does the risk assessment:
is competent to do so. See 'What training/qualifications do I need to do a risk assessment?'
involves your workers in the process
understands when specialist help might be needed. See 'Do I need to use a consultant?'
Question 27. Is Risk Assessment A Legal Requirement?
Answer :
Yes, if you are an employer or self-employed. It is a legal requirement for every employer
and self-employed person to make an assessment of the health and safety risks arising out
of their work. The purpose of the assessment is to identify what needs to be done to control
health and safety risks. Regulation 3 of the Management of Health and Safety at Work
Regulations 1999.
Question 28. During Which Stage Of Risk Planning Are Risks Prioritized Based On
Probability And Impact?
Answer :
Risk probability and impact are defined during Qualitative risk analysis.
Question 29. Beta Is The Project Manager Of A Road Construction Project. During A
Project Review, Beta Realizes That One Particular Risk Has Occurred. To Take
Appropriate Action Against Risk That Has Happened, Beta Needs To Refer To Which
Document?
Answer :
Beta needs to refer to the Risk response plan that documents responses to identified risks.
Question 30. What Is Risk Breakdown Structure?
Answer :
Andrew has joined as the Project Manager of a project. One of the project documents
available to Andrew lists down all the risks in a hierarchical fashion, this document is
called Risk Breakdown Structure.
Accident interview;
Question 1. What Is An Accident?
Answer :
It is an unplanned happening.
Question 2. What Is An ‘incident’?
Answer :
An incident is an unplanned event with the potential to lead to an accident.
Question 3. What Is A ‘hazard’?
Answer :
A hazard is anything with the potential to cause harm.
Question 4. Why Remove Your Gloves Before You Remove Your Goggles?
Answer :
To prevent contamination of the face or eyes by a substance or substances that are on your gloves
Question 5. Give Two Reasons For Not Piling A Trolley High With Goods?
Answer :
Obscures Vision
Unstable.
May cause back strain.
Question 6. Should Accident Prevention Be Left To The Safety Manager As The Representative Of
Management, And The Supervisory Staff In A Place Of Work?
Answer :
No - It is the responsibility of all concerned in the workplace.
Question 7. Give Two Reasons Why All Accidents Should Be Reported Immediately?
Answer :
So that an investigation to determine the cause may be instituted.
So that injuries may be attended to.

Question 8. What Two Main Precautions Must Be Taken When Using A Safety Belt?
Answer :
It should be fastened to a secure point.
The free fall should be kept to a minimum
Question 9. Give Two Reasons For The Investigation Of An Accident?
Answer :
Find the cause,
Prevent reoccurrence.
Question 10. Why Investigate An Incident Even If No Accident Occurred?
Answer :
To prevent the recurrence of a situation where somebody may be injured.
Question 11. What Responsibility Has An Employee To Avoid Accidents?
Answer :
He must work safely and use all the protective equipment provided for him.
Question 12. Management Has Been Known To Delegate Responsibility And Authority For Accident
Prevention. Are They Correct In Doing This, Qualify Your Answer?
Answer :
No They are not correct in doing this. You can only delegate Authority, you can not delegate Responsibility,
the buck still stops at the Chief Executive's desk.
Question 13. The Human Senses, Sight, Hearing, Smell, Feel, And Taste Can All Be Used As A Warning
Device. Give An Example How Four Of Them Can Be Used?
Answer :
Sight: - Notices, Signs, Signals, Labelling and Notes.
Hearing: - Alarms, Shouts, etc.
Smell: - Odour Detection, Rotten etc.
Feel: - Vibration, Temperature, Sharpness, etc.
Taste: - Foul tasting, Rotten, etc.

Question 14. Name Six Areas Into Which Accident Costs May Be Classified?
Answer :
Wage Losses.
Production Losses.
Medical Costs.
Property Damage.
Investigation Costs.
Insurance Costs.
Question 15. Give Five Consequences Of An Accident?
Answer :
Pain and Suffering.
Loss of work and wages.
Loss of production.
Damage to plant.
Non productive losses.
Question 16. What Are The Immediate And Ultimate Objectives Of An Accident Investigation. Qualify Your
Answer?
Answer :
The Immediate Objective - is to get accurate information about the cause and circumstances of the accident.
The Ultimate Objective - is to prevent future occurrences of similar accidents, to uncover new hazards, and to
devise methods to control these hazards.
Question 17. Name Four Ways Whereby One Could Prevent Accidents?
Answer :
Good Housekeeping.
Good Maintenance.
Secure Guarding.
Cleanliness.
Controlling environmental conditions.
Question 18. State Four Methods That Can Be Utilised To Prevent New Workers To An Area Suffering
Accidents?
Answer :
Train them in the new work location process
Put them in the charge of an experienced worker.
Instruct them in the dangers and the precautions to take.
Ensure that they have adequate supervision.
Question 19. What Are Six Of The Most Important Duties Of A Safety Officer?
Answer :
To ensure that statutory safety requirements are recognised and dealt with by line management.
The improvement of safety related working conditions.
Monitoring the appropriateness and wearing of safety clothing and equipment.
Training in accident prevention.
Keeping management advised on safety issues.
Investigation and recording of accidents.
Question 20. Who Should Have The Prime Responsibility Of Investigating An Accident, And Who Should
Not Investigate An Accident?
Answer :
The Safety Officer, who is trained and equipped for accident investigation. If possible he/she should be
accompanied by a member of the safety consultation mechanism, or Safety Representative.
The manager/supervisor/foreperson of the area where the accident happened. They may be involved
emotionally or by sense of guilt.
Question 21. Give Three Reasons For A Supervisor To Be Concerned With The Safety Of His Workforce?
Answer :
He is responsible for the Health and Safety of his work force.
To increase the moral well being of his/her work force.
To minimise accidents, pain and suffering, wage loss etc.

Environmental health safety q;
Question 1. What Is Environment ?
Answer :
If we do not want to go into the intricacies of the term, then we can define environment as everything that
surrounds us. Whatever we see around us is confined to the living component of the human eco-system. With
time, the concept has undergone modifications. Today, environment means a single system of the interacting
living and non-living natural components of the earth.
But the earth is not the only planet of the solar family, which again belongs to our home Galaxy — the Milky
Way. There are about 100 billion such galaxies floating in the vast universe, each containing about 100 billion
stars!! In this universe, not a single event can be said to be isolated, and no object is independent of the rest.
Question 2. Describe The Principal Characteristics Of Environment?
Answer :
The principal characteristics of the environment have been listed below:
At any given point of time, the environment of any area is the sum total of all biotic elements and the abiotic
elements around them.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
The three basic components that constitute the structure of the environment are biome, habitat and energy,
The elements of the environment are systematically organised and interact with one another to maintain the
integrity of the system.
Thus, the environment is a perfectly functioning system:
The input of solar energy is responsible for the functioning of the system.
The environment is an open system since there is a continuous inflow and outflow of matter and energy.
The productivity of the environment is determined by the availability and amount of energy.
Question 3. Explain With Examples The Natural Changes Of Environment?
Answer :
Almost everybody is fascinated by the notion of change. Right from the day they are born, till the moment
they breathe their last, human beings experience a variety of change. They are all familiar with the sunshine
and sunset and passage of day into night, as well as the change of the seasons.
We all notice that the weather in one year is never quite similar to the weather in previous years. Let us take
for example the Monsoon Rains in West Bengal. A few years ago, the rains arrived in Bengal by early June
and October was sunny and pleasant. Now, the rains arrive much later, and the festivities of October are
marred by the showers.
Environmental change is studied by scientists from environmental, geographical and geological disciplines.
The work of those scientists have delved into the intricacies of the past environments and finally confirms
that environmental change is real, various and complex.
Question 4. Define Environmental Studies?
Answer :
There are several fields of study associated with the environment. With time, man realized the growing
importance of maintaining his environment, and subjects such as ecology, environmental engineering,
environmental sciences, environmental studies etc. gained popularity.
There is a fundamental difference between environmental science and environmental studies. The former lays
emphasis on scientific qualities and issues of environmental interest, while environmental studies focus on
questions related to environmental ethics and aesthetics.
The concern for preserving the environment is a relatively new phenomenon. There was a time when man
would derive the maximum benefit from his surroundings, without thinking of the consequences. It was only
since the 1950s that nations of the world started conservation and wise utilization of their natural resources
— such as water, soil, fuel, flora and fauna.
It has been accepted that nature is a treasure-house that provides us with food, water, energy, medicine and
various other amenities. No wonder the prevention and protection of the environment has become so crucial.
Developed countries have made considerable progress in the field of protection and conservation of the
environment on a-long-term basis. However, the developing nations, were quite late in understanding the
gravity of the situation, and, hence, they are lagging behind.
Question 5. What Are The Main Duties Of An Hse Officer?
Answer :
An HSE officer is responsible for scheduling and conducting regular audits, inspecting safety measures,
ensuring the HSE policies have been clearly communicated to employees and are being implemented. An HSE
officer is also responsible for conducting risk analysis to avoid accidents and conduct post accident research
to identify the cause of accident and take measures to avoid its repetition.
Question 6. As An Hse Officer, What Is Your Prime Safety Concern On Any Given Day?
Answer :
There are many concerns that are on my mind each day. But since I value human life, I am usually very
anxious about any accidents that may occur and end up harming a worker.
Question 7. What Unsafe Conditions Do You Think Are Usually Taken For Granted In An Organization?
Answer :
In my five years of work in safety, I have come across many situations that have transpired by human
negligence. Loose stair treads and wires that have not been earthed are two of the common things that people
take for granted and can prove to be fatal.
Question 8. What Are Some Of The Areas That You Would Want To Focus On In Your Hse Officer Role?
Answer :
I believe that fire safety, chemical safety, biohazard safety, radiation prevention and First Aid and CPR
training are the areas that need to be the prime focus in this role.
Question 9. Tell Us Of A Situation When Mere Observation Helped You Foil An Accident Or Injury?
Answer :
One of the things which I mentioned earlier as easily taken for granted are stair threads. Quite recently, I was
doing the rounds of the elevators and staircases in the building I was assigned to and noticed that one of the
stair treads had come apart. It was a routine inspection but my observation abilities made it possible for me
to pinpoint this and have it repaired before the lunchtime bell gonged and the workers descended to the
cafeteria.
Question 10. Which Areas Of Your Profession Do You Think You Are Best At?
Answer :
I believe myself to be an all rounder since if and when I feel I am week in a certain area, I immediately make
effort to improve in that area. I am an expert in risk analysis, incident evaluation, safety auditing and HSE
policy implementation.
Question 11. What Ohs And Other Hse Qualifications Do You Possess?
Answer :
I possess NEBOSH certification, BCLS certification, Helicopter underwater escape certification and fire
fighting certification. I also hold a technical diploma in HSE, form the Professional safety institute affiliated
with the OSHA.
Question 12. What Is A Safe Work Permit?
Answer :
A safe work permit is basically a document and a permit that specifies the hazards involved in the work to be
done and precautions needed to avoid the same.
Question 13. Name Some Precautions Related To Working At Heights?
Answer :
Proper PPE must be used, risks of falling must be carefully catered for and ladders must be tightly fastened
before a worker climbs on.
Question 14. Name Some Common Construction Site Ppe?

Answer :
Helmets, fall arrest equipment, high visibility garments and eye protection are some of the PPE used on
construction sites.
Question 15. Describe The Principal Constituents Of Earth?
Answer :
The principal constituents of the earth can be considered in four broad groups:
The lithosphere, which is the outer skin of the earth made up of rocks and minerals,
The atmosphere, which is the gas or vapor envelope around the earth,
The hydrosphere, which is the liquid portion of the earth, including the water vapour of the atmosphere, the
water present in oceans, seas, rivers and lakes, and the water present in rocks, and.
The biosphere, which is the world Of living organisms that dwell on land, in water and in the air that we
breath.
Question 16. What Are The Different Hypotheses Regarding The Origin Of The Earth ?
Answer :
From the very beginning, man has been curious to know how the earth and the universe came into being. Due
to this common interest, all the early civilizations developed their own explanations and versions of the origin
of the earth and nature of the universe.
COSMOLOGY is the field of study, which deals with the evolution of ideas regarding the origin of the earth,
its relation to the solar system, and how the solar system is related’ to the universe.
Man had to wait until the invention of the telescope, when he could peer into space and explore the universe.
However, this could be done at a limited scale. After two or three hundred years, more powerful telescopes
were developed. In the meantime, there had been new developments in the fields of mathematics and physics.
These enable man to explore space more adequately.
There are two rival theories explaining the origin of the universe:
The super dense or “BIG BANG” theory:
This theory was put forward by Ryle. He suggested that a vast explosion of super dense matter created the
universe. This explosion produced the galaxies of stars which are scattered throughout the space. The stars
are also flying away from each other, at the amazing speed of 600 million km/hour.
The steady state or continuous creation theory:
This theory was elaborated by Hoyle, Bondi and Gold. They rejected the Big Bang Theory. Instead, they put
forward the idea that matter is being continuously created. New galaxies are born and compensate for the
ones which are receding beyond man’s ken.
Construction safety;
Answer :
It is an equipment used to project the person from hazards such dust, dirt, fumes and sparks etc. It is the
barrier between hazard and person.
Question 2. Explain What Is Safety Audit?
Answer :
The safety audit is the process that identifies un-safe conditions and unsafe acts the plant and recommended
safety improvement. Walk through It evaluates the unsafe condition notice able to naked eye during work
through the plant. ( Stores, civil work, erection work) Inter mediate-more details study and review of plant
design and plant operation. Comprehensive –It evaluates the safety factors in the plant on the base
engineering, analysis, testing, measurement.
Question 3. Tell Me What Are Belongs To Road Safety?
Answer :
The speed limits displayed along the road should be strictly
Short cuts and cutting across the corners should be avoid
No body should try to cross the level crossing when drop gates are closed
Signal given blocking the road ‘ stop' look, listen and proceed should be followed.
Question 4. Do You Know What Is Safety Tag?
Answer :
Safety tag can be defined a surface made of card board or paper board on which English local languages
letters written for warning safety instructions to employees.
Question 5. Explain About Vehicles And Plants?
Answer :
All vehicles requiring security vehicles pass
All drivers should have valid driving licence
Drivers should not use fork lift trucks for carrying passengers
All traffic regulations and speed limit should be strictly followed in side the plant area
All vehicles area in a road worthy condition
Vehicles park in the operation area must always unlocked with in ignition key in position.
Question 6. Explain How Many Types Inspection?
Answer :
There are 5 types inspection ; pressures of boilers( supervisor)
Continuous inspection – select employees / operator
Periodical Inspection – material storage, fire fighting equipments, handling equipments
Intermittent inspection – un announced inspection done by safety officer, safety committee. ( Particular work
spot)
Statutory inspection – storage area, location at height ( cranes, ropes, chains, it my tackles inspection)
Special inspection – accident investigation
Inspection of new building, general lighting, use of PPE's etc. construction work.
Question 7. Explain Me Safety Rules Insuring Oxygen Cylinders?
Answer :
Oxygen cylinders should not be kept near combustible materials.
Oxygen cylinders should not be handled with grassy hands or gloves.
Oxygen cylinders and their fittings should not be tested with oil based soap solution.
Oxygen cylinders and other combustible gas cylinders should not be stored together.
The top cover of the cylinder should be kept in position and screwed safety when not in use.
Cylinders should not be used as rollers for moving materials
Oxygen must not be use for ventilating confined spaces.
Question 8. Explain Me What Is Stel 0 For 15 Minutes Continuous Exposure?
Answer :
It is considered as maximum allowable concentration not to be exceeded at any time during 15 minutes
continuous expose period.
It is a maximum on concentration to which works or can be exposed to a period of to15 minutes continuously
without suffering from irritation.
Question 9. What Is Manual Handing?
Answer :
The process of lifting, carrying and stacking materials by men is called manual handing.
Answer :
Any company has a social and legal obligation to provide a safe and health working environment to all his
improvement to all his employees.
Question 11. Tell Us What Is Vehicles / Mobile Permit?
Answer :
The permit is required for taking any vehicle are mobile equipments having a diesel equipment having a
diesel or petrol operated engine in to hazardous area.
Question 12. Explain Me What Is Earthling?
Answer :
Earthling means connecting the natural point of the supply system to the general mass of the earth by line.
Question 13. Explain About Safety Policy?
Answer :
The safety and heath of all employees is one of prime concerned of the company.
Every company will be require to the policy both in letter and in spirit.
the company shall comply straightly with act, laws, rules and regulations
The company shall impart raining in health safety and occupational health to all employees.
The company will adopt own safety and health standards where laws may not be available.
Question 14. Tell Me What Is Inspection?
Answer :
Inspection means to fin out hazards according to checklist prepared with reference to the department
operations by the people who are familiar with the plant.
Question 15. Tell Me Cause Of Accidents In Manual Handling?
Answer :
Improper lifting
Carrying too heavy loads
Improper gripping
Failure to use PPE
Lifting greasy, oily and irregular objects
Poor physique
Question 16. What Is Gas Cutting?
Answer :
The process of joining of cutting metals by using oxygen and combustible gas is called gas cutting.
Question 17. Explain Me About A Typical Day At Work. How Does It Start? What Do You Do?
Answer :
At the beginning of each day, I inspect the work site to make sure that it is hazard-free. Once the work site is
secured, I verify that all tools and equipment are adequate in supply. As soon as the work orders are
delivered, I provide workers with security guidelines and carry out drills.
During the workday, it is my duty to monitor workers to ensure that they are working according to the
enforced safety policies and that any problems or accidents are quickly addressed.
Question 18. Explain Me What Are Hazards And Injuries In Manual Handing?
Answer :
Cutting fingers due to sharp edges
Burns due to handing of hot articles
Foot injuries due to dropped articles
Slipped disc due to improper posture in lifting on object
Strains to wrist or fingers
Sprains, wounds hernias, fractures
Question 19. What Is Fork Lift Truck?
Answer :
Fork lift truck are designed to handle heavy loads.

Question 20. Tell Me What Is Your Experience With Handling Safety Documentation?
Answer :
I have worked extensively with management teams to develop new safety policies, augment existing ones and
handle draft construction related specifications. I have written safety proposals and conducted safety
programs as well.
Question 21. What Is Accident?
Answer :
It is an unexpected or unplanned event which may or may not result in injury or damage or property loss or
death.
Question 22. Do You Know What Is Work Permit System?
Answer :
Work permit system is a “ written documents” for permission to undertake a job by area in charge or it is
written document issued by the area in charge to the performer to under take the specific job.
Question 23. What Are The Pre Cautions For Welding?
Answer :
Clear the work area and cover wooden floor with fire proof mats. ( Welding mechanic should be kept with in
the visibility of the welders.
All welding cables should be fully insulted
Keep the fire extinguisher / sand really
Use leather hand gloves, goggles and helmets
Switch off the power when welding is stopped
Do not allow the helper to do welding
Do not shift he welding cable unless the electric power is switched off.
Do not allow the helper to carry the welding. Terminal of the welding cables should be provided 3-cable with
lugs and kept tight.
Oxygen hose in black and Acetylene hose in red in color as per standard
NRV of the blow torches should be maintained properly avoid back fire
Welders should be trained properly
Cylinders should be stored in a cold dry place away bottom heat and direct sunlight.
Proper house keeping, good ventilation in the working area
Smoking should be avoided from welding area
Hose connection should be proper made
Barricade the work area and put a sign board
Rolling of cylinders should be avoided
Flash back arrestor should be attached in each cylinders
Any leakage of cylinder should be kept separately
Question 24. Explain What Are The Causes Of Accidents Of “hard Tools”?
Answer :
Due to wrong way using of tools.
Due to defective condition of tools
Due to failure of using right tools for right job
Due to wrong way of carrying tools
Due to strong of tools un safety
Question 25. Tell Me Safety Rules In Using Compressed Air?
Answer :
Only authorized persons should used compressed air.
The body or clothes should not be cleaned with compressed air.
Compressed air hose pipes should not be placed across passage ways
Leakage of compressed air should not be tested with hands.
While working with tools run by compressed air safety shoes are to be used.
The tools should not be kept on position when not in use.
Question 26. Explain Me Precaution Of Excavation?
Answer :
Excavation area should be suitable barricade
Put sign boards lights and flags
Avoid heavy vehicle coming near the sides
PPE like helmet, safety shoes should be used
Keep the excavated soil at least 5 feet distance
Excavated sides should be sloped bake to a safe angle
Hand excavation should be done at the present of UG pipes or cables place
Cutting shall be done from top to bottom
All narrow trenches 4 feet or more deep shall be supplied at least one ladder
While excavating on the slope on the slope whose height is over 10 feet men should use safety belts.
Question 27. Tell Me What Is Safety Management?
Answer :
Safety management is an act and science of setting safety objectives of the industrial company.
Question 28. Explain How To Control The Chemical Hazards?
Answer :
The chemical hazards are control by engineering method, administrative method and PPE.
Question 29. What Is Risk?
Answer :
In probability of the realization of potential for loss or damage or injury.
Question 30. What Is House Keeping?
Answer :
House keeping means not only cleanness but also orderly arrangement of operations, tools, equipment storage
facilities and suppliers.
Question 31. Tell Me What Is Work At Height?
Answer :
Any work above 2 meters from ground is caused work at height.
Question 32. Explain Safety In The Use Of Hand Trucks?
Answer :
the truck should be inspected
The axles should be greased well
Safety shoes should be work by the operators.
The load should be balanced and the weight of the load should not fall on the axle
The hard cart should not be wider than the width of the hand truck.
The hard cart should be pushed and not pulled
The truck should not be placed on path ways.
Question 33. Tell Me What Is Delegated Work Permit?
Answer :
Delegated work permit used for areas requiring light control.
Ex : Fabrication, yards – valid – 30 days
Question 34. Explain What Are Main Provision In The Factory Act?
Answer :
Health, safety, welfare, hours of work, employment, person, occupational disease, special provision and
penalties and procedures.
Question 35. Please Explain Control Measures Of Radiography?
Answer :
Barricade the area
Remove all un-necessary persons away from site
Check radiation level with dosimeter
Use lead shields

Put a sign board
Risk tissue damaged
Use special filter glass
Use lead coated aprons
Question 36. Explain What Is Ingestion?
Answer :
Entry of harmful materials through mouth is called ingestion
Question 37. Tell Me What Is Respiration?
Answer :
The process of inhaling fresh hair and exhaling, to entering a confined place is called respiration.
Question 38. What Is The Use Of W.m.s.?
Answer :
We can plan and execute the work easily and safely. It also helps to know the Codes and Standards used for
each activity.
Question 39. Explain Me What Is Hot Work Permit?
Answer :
Any work which involves spark flame, temperature is called HWP.
Question 40. What Is Industrial Hygiene?
Answer :
Industrial hygiene is defined as the art and science of the presentation and improvement of the health and
comfort of workers.
Question 41. Explain Me How Many Types Of Sign Boards?
Answer :
Mandatory
Information
Fire or explosion
Caution
Wiring
Question 42. Explain What Is Term Card?
Answer :
It is legal requirements in case of emergency in violin vehicles carrying hazards substance.
Question 43. What Is First Aid?
Answer :
Firs aid is temporary and immediate care given to the victim of an accident.
Question 44. Explain How Many Types Work Permit?
Answer :
There are two types of work permit
Cold work permit
Hot work permit
The hot work permit further classified into 3 types
Normal hot work permit
Blanket hot work permit
Delegate hot work permit
Question 45. What Is Accident Prevention?
Answer :
Accident prevention may be defined as an integrated program and directed to control un safe mechanical or
physical condition.
Question 46. Explain Me Different Types Of Hazards?
Answer :
Mechanical hazards - in adequately guarded machines parts
Chemical hazards - of toxemic gasses, vapours, fumes, smoke in dust.
Electrical hazards : in adequately insulated line wires
Fire hazards – chemical reaction, electrical Arcs

Radiation hazards – dazzing light in fraved rays ultra violet rays
Pollution - water pollution & noise pollution
Question 47. Explain Me General Safety Precautions In Construction?
Answer :
Adequate fire fighting equipment should be available
suitable lighting arrangements should be necessary at night work
Work men at height should be wear safety belts
Work men handling cement should be provided with goggles, rubber gloves and rubber boots by nose mask.
Excavated material should not kept near the excavated
Very short duration of work red flags must be hoisted and more duration red banners must be stretched
Answer :
Grinder is a portable machine with a wheel guard in position to reduced the danger.
Answer :
Question 50. What Is Incident?
Answer :
It is an event which represents deviation from the intended sequence of designed steps.
Question 51. Explain Me What Are The Core Work Duties Of A Construction Safety Officer?
Answer :
Apart from enforcing key safety standards, it is important to monitor manpower, conduct regular site
inspections, record all violations and conduct safety trainings.
Question 52. What Is Noise?
Answer :
Up wanted sound which causes irritation to the ears caused by mechanical movement.
Question 53. Explain What Is Safety Surveys?
Answer :
Safety surveys are made to have detailed observations of all types of unsafe physical and environment
conditions as well as unsafe practices committed the health and comfort or workers.
Question 54. What Are The Responsibility For Workers For Safety?
Answer :
Report unsafe condition to supervisor
Do not operate the machine without knowing the operation
Before starting the machine, whether the machine is in condition not
Use correct tools
Follow the safety rules
Always do not horse play
Do not lift over load
Do not chit on at with others
Question 55. What Is Safety Management?
Answer :
Safety management is an art and science of setting safety objectives of the Industrial company and related
activities of planning, administration, Improving, Various functions to achieve the safety objectives.
Question 56. Explain Me About Crane And Le?

Answer :
Only authorized and competent person should operated cranes
The correct sling must be used for the load to be lifts
Lifting equipment must be certified from competent authority and mark with its SWL
Never be used for loads excess of its SWL
Cables and slings must be padded when passing over sharp edges of equipments
Check the condition of the ground before parking the crane and use out riggers
All moving parts must be guarded
Uncertified chains, ropes, slings and hooks should not be use
All slings to be inspected by third party inspectors
Never stand or work under a suspended load
Place the out riggers on firms ground
Guide ropes shall be used to control swing of lifted material
Never operate the crane at the time of speed wing
Lifting over live equipment should not be encouraged
The crane should under go periodical maintenance as per manufactures
Question 57. Explain Safety Precaution Of Scaffold?
Answer :
Wooden board not be painted
Wooden board should not to any cracks
Check for rust in pipes / clamps
Clamps should fixed and good quality
Boards thickness should be 3.4 cms and no bending
The construction must be rigid, properly based
Use of good and sound materials

The wooden bellies has not joints
Vertical poles should not be more than 6 feet
Chains, ropes used for the suspension of scaffoldings
Never throw any materials from height
Use safety harness while working at above 6 feet
Properly ties to be arrangement
Answer :
Prepare tool box talk Prepare monthly statistics Prepare the checklist Accident reports Management
meetings Arrange the safety classes/training Arrange monthly safety bulletin Inspection of fire extinguisher
Arrange first aid training classes Arrange safety competitions like quiz, slogan, poster competitions
exhibition etc.
Answer :
The maximum proportion of vapour, gasses and dust in air above which proposal the flame does not occur on
contact with a source of ignition is called UEL.
Answer :
Written by
a.j.s.antony .

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A job hazard analysis ;

Write down job steps. ...

Identify the hazards associated with each step. ...

Determine controls for each hazard. ...

Discuss the JSA with your workers.

Permit To Work refers to management systems used

Safety officer interview questions;

Question 2. What Is Accident ?

Question 3. What Is Injury ?

Question 4. What Is Hazard ?

Inherent property of a substance or an occurrence which has potential to cause loss or

Question 5. What Is Risk ?

In probability of the realization of potential for loss or damage or injury.

Question 6. What Is Incident?

Question 7. What Is Safety Policy?

Question 8. What Is Safety Audit?

Question 9. What Is Safety Tag?

Question 11. What Is Attitude?

Question 12. What Is Emergency Planning?

Question 13. What Is Work Permit System?

Question 14. What Is Work At Height?

Any work above 2 meters from ground is caused work at height.

Question 15. What Is Confined Space?

Question 16. What Is Excavation?

Question 17. What Is Scaffolding?

Question 18. What Is Welding?

The process of joining of metals either by electrical or by gas is called welding.

Question 19. What Is Gas Cutting ?

Question 20. What Is Sand Blasting?

Question 21. What Is Painting?

The process after sand blasting is called painting .

Question 22. What Is Lel?

Question 23. What Is Uel?

Question 24. What Is Manual Handing?

Question 25. What Is House Keeping?

Question 26. What Is Personal Protective Equipment?

Question 27. What Is Grinding?

Question 28. What Is Crane?

Question 29. What Are The Duties Of A Safety Officer?

Prepare tool box talk

Prepare monthly statistics

Prepare the checklist

Arrange the safety classes/training

Arrange monthly safety bulletin

Inspection of fire extinguisher

Arrange first aid training classes

Question 30. What Are The Duties Of A Supervisor?

He has to maintain discipline among the workers

He has to supply necessary materials

He has to control quality and cost of the job

He has to supply suitable personal protective equipment to his workers

He should conduct periodical safety meetings.

He should conduct safety inspection of his working area

He should know about the fire fight equipments

Question 31. What Are The Pre Cautions For Welding?

Remove all combustion material from the place of welding

All welding cables should be fully insulted

All welding mics shall be double earthed

Welding area should be dry and free from water

Keep the fire extinguisher / sand really

Question 32. What Is The Precaution For Gas Cutting?

Keep fire extinguisher nearby

Keep fire watch near by