Ing.

Mecatrónica

Quinto semestre

Análisis de fluidos

M.M Abdiel Enrique Zarate Pavón

Evidencia 2: Leyes de los gases

Tema 5: Sistemas de tuberías de flujo compresible

Alma Lizet Martínez Cansino 2163K7905

2 diciembre del 2018

1. An ideal gas occupies a volume of 4.00 m3 at 200 kPa absolute pressure. What will be the new pressure if
the gas is slowly compressed to 2.00 m3 at constant temperature?

V1 = 4 m3
P1 ∙ V1 = P2 ∙ V2
V2 = 2 m3
P1 ∙ V1
P1 = 200 kPa P2 =
V2
P2 =? 200 kPa ∗ 4 m3
P2 = = 400 kPa
2 m3

2. The absolute pressure of a sample of ideal gas is 300 kPa at a volume of 2.6 m3 . If the pressure decreases to
101 kPa at constant temperature, what is the new volume?

V1 = 2.6 m3
P1 ∙ V1 = P2 ∙ V2
V2 =?
P1 ∙ V1
P1 = 300 kPa V2 =
P2
P2 = 101 kPa 300 kPa ∗ 2.6 m3
V2 = = 7.722 m3
101 kPa

3. Two hundred cubic centimeters of an ideal gas at 20° C expands to a volume of 212 𝑐m3 at constant pressure.
What is the final temperature?

V1 = 200 cm3 𝑉1 𝑉2
=
V2 = 212 cm3 𝑇1 𝑇2

T1 = 20 °C = 293 K T1 ∙ V2
T2 =
V1
T2 =?
293 𝐾 ∗ 212 𝑐𝑚3
𝑇2 = = 310.58 𝐾
200 𝑐𝑚3

4. The temperature of a gas sample decreases from 55 °C to 25 °C at constant pressure. If the initial volume
was 400 ml, what is the final volume?

V1 = 400 ml V1 V2
=
V2 = ? T1 T2

T1 = 55 °C = 328 K V1 ∙ T2
V2 =
T1
T2 = 25 °C = 298 K
400 ml ∗ 298 K
V2 = = 363.414 ml
328 K
5. A steel cylinder contains an ideal gas at 27 °C. The gauge pressure is 140 kPa. If the temperature of the
container increases to 79 °C, what is the new gauge pressure?

P1 P2
P1 = 140 kPa =
T1 T2
P2 = ? P1 ∙ T2
P2 =
T1 = 27 °C = 300 K T1

T2 = 79 °C = 352 𝑃𝑎𝑏𝑠 = 140 𝑘𝑃𝑎 + 101.3 𝑘𝑃𝑎 = 241.3 𝑘𝑃𝑎

241.3 kPa ∗ 352 K
P2 = = 283.125 kPa
300 K

𝑃2 = 283.125 𝑘𝑃𝑎 − 101.3 𝑘𝑃𝑎 = 181.82 𝑘𝑃𝑎

6. The absolute pressure of a sample of gas initially at 300 K doubles as the volume remains constant. What is
the new temperature?

P1 = P1 P1 P2
=
P2 = 2 P1 T1 T2
P2 ∙ T1
T1 = 300 K T2 =
P1
T2 = ?
2P1 ∙ 300 K
T2 = = 600 𝐾
P1

7. Five liters of a gas at 25 °C has an absolute pressure of 200 kPa. If the absolute pressure reduces to 120 kPa
and the temperature increases to 60 °C, what is the final volume?

P1 = 200 kPa P1 ∙ 𝑉1 P2 ∙ 𝑉2
=
P2 = 120 kPa T1 T2

T1 = 25 °C = 298 K P1 V1 𝑇2
V2 =
T1 𝑃2
T2 = 60 °C = 333 K
(200 𝑘𝑃𝑎)(5 𝐿)(333 𝐾)
𝑉1 = 5 𝐿 V2 = = 9.312 𝐿
(298 𝐾)(120 𝑘𝑃𝑎)
𝑉2 = ?
8. An air compressor takes in 2 m3 of air at 20 °C and one atmosphere (101.3 kPa) pressure. If the compressor
discharges into a 0.3 m3 tank at an absolute pressure of 1500 kPa, what is the temperature of the discharged
air?

P1 = 101.3 kPa P1 ∙ 𝑉1 P2 ∙ 𝑉2
=
P2 = 1500 kPa T1 T2

T1 = 20 °C = 293 K P2 V2 𝑇1
T2 =
V1 𝑃1
T2 = ?
(1500 𝑘𝑃𝑎)(0.3 𝑚3 )(293 𝐾)
𝑉1 = 2 𝑚3 T2 = = 650.789 𝐾
(2 𝑚3 )(101.3 𝑘𝑃𝑎)
3
𝑉2 = 0.3 𝑚

9. A 6-L tank holds a sample of gas under an absolute pressure of 600 kPa and a temperature of 57 °C. What
will be the new pressure if the same sample of gas is placed into a 3 L container at 7 °C.

P1 = 600 kPa P1 ∙ 𝑉1 P2 ∙ 𝑉2
=
P2 = ? T1 T2

T1 = 57 °C = 330 K P1 V1 𝑇2
P2 =
T1 𝑉2
T2 = 7 °C = 280 K
(600 𝑘𝑃𝑎)(6 𝐿)(280 𝐾)
𝑉1 = 6 𝐿 P2 = = 1018.181 𝑘𝑃𝑎
(330 𝐾)(3 𝐿)
𝑉2 = 3 𝐿

10. If 0.8 L of a gas at 10 °C is heated to 90 °C at constant pressure. What is the new volume?

V1 = 0.8 L
V1 V2
V2 = ? =
T1 T2
T1 = 10 °C = 283 K V1 ∙ T2
V2 =
T2 = 90 °C = 363 K T1
0.8 L ∗ 363 K
V2 = = 1.0261 L
283 K
11. ¿Qué volumen de gas hidrógeno a presión atmosférica se requiere para llenar un tanque de 5000 m3 bajo
una presión manométrica de 530 kPa?

V1 = ? P1 ∙ V1 = P2 ∙ V2
P2 ∙ V2
V2 = 5000 cm3 V1 =
P1
Patm = 101.3 kPa
𝑃2 ∴ 𝑃𝑎𝑏𝑠 = 530 𝑘𝑃𝑎 + 101.3 𝑘𝑃𝑎 = 631.3 𝑘𝑃𝑎
Pmm = 530 kPa
631.3 kPa ∗ 5000 cm3
V2 = = 31,159.921 cm3
101.3 kPa

12. Un cilindro sin fricción se llena con 2 L de un gas ideal a 23 °C. Un extremo del cilindro está fijo a un pistón
movible y el gas puede expandirse a una presión constante hasta que su volumen llega a 2.5 L. ¿Cuál es la
nueva temperatura del gas?
V1 V2
V1 = 2 L
=
T1 T2
V2 = 2.5 L T1 ∙ V2
T2 =
T1 = 23 °C = 296 K V1
296 K ∗ 2.5 L
T2 =? T2 = = 370 K
2L

13. El neumático de un automóvil se infla a una presión manométrica de 207 kPa (30 lb/in2 ) en un momento en
que la presión de los alrededores es de 1 atm (101.3 kPa) y la temperatura es de 25 °C. Después de manejarlo,
la temperatura del aire del neumático aumenta a 40 °C. Suponga que el volumen de gas cambia sólo
ligeramente, ¿cuál es la nueva presión manométrica en el neumático?

Pmm = 207 kPa P1 P2

Patm = 101.3 kPa
=
T1 T2
T1 = 25 °C = 298 K P1 ∙ T2
P2 =
T1
T2 = 40 °C = 313 K
𝑃𝑎𝑏𝑠 = 207 𝑘𝑃𝑎 + 101.3 𝑘𝑃𝑎 = 308.3 𝑘𝑃𝑎
308.3 kPa ∗ 313 K
P2 = = 323.818 kPa
298 K
𝑃2 (𝑚𝑚) = 323.818 𝑘𝑃𝑎 − 101.3 𝑘𝑃𝑎 = 222.518 𝑘𝑃𝑎