Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Formation July 1945
Penny Goldberg
Parent organization World Bank Group
(Chief Economist)[4]
History
John Maynard Keynes (right) and Harry Dexter White,
the "founding fathers" of both the World Bank and the
International Monetary Fund (IMF).[10]
1944–1947
1974–1980
1980–1989
1989–present
Leadership
The President of the Bank is the president
of the entire World Bank Group. The
president is responsible for chairing
meetings of the Boards of Directors and
for overall management of the Bank.
Traditionally, the President of the Bank has
always been a US citizen nominated by the
United States, the largest shareholder in
the bank (the managing director of the
International Monetary Fund having
always been a European). The nominee is
subject to confirmation by the Board of
Executive Directors, to serve for a five-year,
renewable term. While most World Bank
presidents have had banking experience,
some have not.[27][28]
Presidents
Name Dates Nationality Previous work
1947–
John J. McCloy United States Lawyer and US Assistant Secretary of War
1949
1963–
George Woods United States Bank executive with First Boston Corporation
1968
1981–
Alden W. Clausen United States Lawyer, bank executive with Bank of America
1986
1986–
Barber Conable United States New York State Senator and US Congressman
1991
1991–
Lewis T. Preston United States Bank executive with J.P. Morgan
1995
United States
1995– Wolfensohn was a naturalised American citizen
James Wolfensohn Australia
2005 before taking office. Corporate lawyer and banker
(prev.)
Chief Economists
Name Dates Nationality
[33]
Members
The International Bank for Reconstruction
and Development (IBRD) has 189 member
countries, while the International
Development Association (IDA) has 173
members. Each member state of IBRD
should also be a member of the
International Monetary Fund (IMF) and
only members of IBRD are allowed to join
other institutions within the Bank (such as
IDA).[2]
Voting power
United
3 China 107,244 Germany 129,708 1,510,934 Germany 9
Kingdom
United United
5 France 87,241 121,815 France 908,843 8
Kingdom Kingdom
United Saudi
6 87,241 India 103,747 810,293 China 5
Kingdom Arabia
Saudi Saudi
8 67,155 Canada 82,142 Canada 629,658 5
Arabia Arabia
Saudi
19 Australia 30,910 30,862 Denmark 231,685 Indonesia 2
Arabia
Climate change
Food security
Training wings
Global Operations Knowledge
Management Unit
JUSTPAL Network
Grants table
The following table lists the top 15 DAC 5
Digit Sectors[56] to which the World Bank
has committed funding, as recorded by it
in its International Aid Transparency
Initiative (IATI) publications. The World
Bank states on the IATI Registry website
that the amounts "will cover 100% of IBRD
and IDA development flows" but will not
cover other development flows.[57]
Committed funding (US$ millions)
Before
Sector 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
2007
Road transport 4,654.2 1,993.5 1,501.8 5,550.3 4,032.3 2,603.7 3,852.5 2,883.
Social/ welfare
613.1 208.1 185.5 2,878.4 1,477.4 1,493.2 1,498.5 2,592.
services
Electrical
transmission/ 1,292.5 862.1 1,740.2 2,435.4 1,465.1 907.7 1,614.9 395.
distribution
Public finance
334.2 223.1 499.7 129.0 455.3 346.6 3,156.8 2,724.
management
Rail transport 279.3 284.4 1,289.0 912.2 892.5 1,487.4 841.8 740.
Rural
335.4 237.5 382.8 616.7 2,317.4 972.0 944.0 177.
development
Urban
development
261.2 375.9 733.3 739.6 542.1 1,308.1 914.3 258.
and
management
Business
support
113.3 20.8 721.7 181.4 363.3 514.0 310.0 760.
services and
institutions
Energy policy
and
102.5 243.0 324.9 234.2 762.0 654.9 902.1 480.
administrative
management
Agricultural
733.2 749.5 84.6 251.8 780.6 819.5 618.3 1,040.
water resources
Decentralisation
and support to
904.5 107.9 176.1 206.7 331.2 852.8 880.6 466.
subnational
government
Sanitation -
441.9 679.7 521.6 422.0 613.1 1,209.4 268.0 55.
large systems
Water supply -
646.5 438.1 298.3 486.5 845.1 640.2 469.0 250.
large systems
Health policy
and
661.3 54.8 285.8 673.8 1,581.4 799.3 251.5 426.
administrative
management
Structural adjustment
Fairness of assistance
conditions
Some critics,[80] most prominently the
author Naomi Klein, are of the opinion that
the World Bank Group's loans and aid have
unfair conditions attached to them that
reflect the interests, financial power and
political doctrines (notably the Washington
Consensus) of the Bank and, by extension,
the countries that are most influential
within it. Among other allegations, Klein
says the Group's credibility was damaged
"when it forced school fees on students in
Ghana in exchange for a loan; when it
demanded that Tanzania privatise its
water system; when it made telecom
privatisation a condition of aid for
Hurricane Mitch; when it demanded labour
'flexibility' in Sri Lanka in the aftermath of
the Asian tsunami; when it pushed for
eliminating food subsidies in post-invasion
Iraq".[81]
Sovereign immunity
PricewaterhouseCoopers
See also
BRICS Development Bank
Clean Energy for Development
Investment Framework
Democracy Ranking
Energy Sector Management Assistance
Program (ESMAP)
Russia-World Bank relations
All pages with titles containing World
Bank
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Further reading
Salda, Anne C. M., ed. Historical
dictionary of the World Bank (1997)
[https://web.archive.org/web/20130712
160429/http://archive/
External links
Official website
IBRD main page
IDA main page
Retrieved from
"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=World_Bank&oldid=906767271"