BRONCHOPNEUMONIA ON IMMUNOCOMPROMISED INFANTS:

CASE REPORT
Karuna Dhorayho Yasa1 , I Gde Doddy Kurnia Indrawan2 , I Wayan Bikin Suryawan3
Departement of Child Health, Wangaya Regional Hospital1,2,3
Kartini Street No. 133, Dauh Puri Kaja, Denpasar Utara, Denpasar City, Bali
Email address: karunady@yahoo.com

Background:
Children born to HIV-Infected woman who escape infection (HEU-HIV-exposed uninfected) do
not escape harm. The causes of death among the HEU are those that claim the lives of children
globally which is sepsis, pneumonia and diarrhea. HIV infection leads to progressive immunologic
deterioration and opportunistic infection such as bronchopneumonia.

Case Presentation Summary:

A 3 month old girl was admitted to emergency
room of Wangaya Regional of Hospital due to
shortness of breath and coughing. the physical
examination shows that there is cyanotic lips,
tachypneu, subcostal retraction and also rales
breath sound on both of her lungs. Chest X Ray
Showed that there is patchy Shadowing in right
lungs. Laboratory test revealed that there was
leucocytosis, anemia, the CD4 is 94. The
patient transferred to PICU and Given
Mechanical ventilator, Antibiotics,
bronchodilator, Antiretroviral, Corticosteroids,
histamine type 2 Receptor antagonist,
Diuretics, nebulizer and red pack cell
transfusion. After 24 days on PICU and wards Figure 1. Chest X - Rays showed that there
the patient getting better and discharged from was pachy shadowing in the right lung.
the hospital.

Learning Points/Discussion:
In this case, HIV infected mother not receiving anti retroviral therapy. After birth, this patient did
not receive ARV Prophylaxis. This patient also breastfed by her mother. HIV infection leads to
progressive immunologic deterioration so the patient got bronchopneumonia.
Keywords : HEU, HIV, Mechanical Ventilation, Bronchopneumonia