1

 UF\WLHLG]\ GFD X]\ CT]\ m v DMCGNF; UF\WL

 UF\WLHLGF l5TFG]\ GFD X]\ CT]\ m v SZDR\N UF\WL
 UF\WLHLGF DFTFG]\ GFD X]\ CT]\ m v 5]T/LAF.
 UF\WLHLGF 5ltGG]\ GFD X]\ CT]\ m v S:T]ZAF
 UF\WLHLGM HgD SIFZ[ YIM CTM mv ALHL VMS8MAZ !(&)
 UF\WLHLGM HgD SIF :Y/[ YIM CTM m v 5MZA\NZ s U]HZFTf
 UF\WLHLG[ c DCFtDFcGL p5FlW SM6[ VF5L CTL m v ZlJgãGFY 8FUMZ
 DCFtDF UF\WLG[ ;F{5|YD ZFQ8=l5TF SC[GFZ SM6 CTF mv ;]EFQFR\ã AMh
 UF\WLHLV[ 5}GF SZFZ SMGL ;FY[ SIF" CTF mv lS|%;lDXG
 UF\WLHLV[ lB,FOT VF\NM,GG[ ;DY"G XF DF8[ VF%I]\ CT]\ m v D];,DFGMG]\ ;DY"G .rKTF CTFP
 DCFtDF UF\WLG[ S[8,F 5]+M CTF m SIF SIF m v RFZ s ClZ,F,4Dl6,F,4ZFDNF; VG[ f
 DCFtDF UF\WL 5F\RDM 5]+ SMG[ U6TF CTF m v HDGF,F, AHFH
 DCFtDF UF\WL 5|YD ;tIFU|C SIF\ SIM" CTM m v5MZA\NZ
 UF\WLHLGF WFlD"S U]~ SIF CTF m v zLDN| ZFHR\ã
 DCFtDF UF\WLGF ZFHSLI U]~ SM6 CTF m v UM5F,S'Q6 UMB,[
 DCFtDF UF\WLG]\ 5|[Z6FNFIL 5]:TS SI]\ CT]\ m v VG 8] WL; ,F:8
 UF\WLHLV[ D[l8=SGL 5ZL1FF S. ;F,DF\ 5F; SZL CTL mv.P;P!((* ZFHSM8GL VF<O[0 CF.:S},DF\
 UF\WLHL EFZTDF\ JSL,FTGL X~VFT SIFZ[ SZL CTL m v .P;P!()!DF\
 UF\WLHLV[ S:T]ZAF ;FY[ ,uG SIFZ[ SIF" CTF m v .P;P!((#
 S:T]ZAFGF l5TFG]\ GFD X]\ CT]\ m v UMS]/NF; DSGHL
 S:T]ZAFGF DFTFG]\ GFD X]\ CT]\ m v J|HS]\JZ
 UF\WLHLGF l5TFG]\ C],FD6]\ GFD X]\ CT]\ m v SAF UF\WL
 UF\WLHLV[ NPVFlO|SFGF SIF :Y/[ VFzDGL :YF5GF SZL m v lOlGS;
 UF\WLHLV[ SIF 5+G]\ GFD AN,LG[ c ClZHG A\W]c GFD ZFbI]\ CT]\ m v GJHLJG
 UF\WLHLV[ NPVFlO|SFDF\ S. ;\:YFGL :YF5GF SZL CTL m v GFTF, lCgNL SMU|[;
 UF\WLHL 5|[lZT lD,vDHN}Z ;tIFU|C SIF :Y/[ YIM CTM mvVDNFJFN
 UF\WLHLV[ SIF 5]:TSGM VG]JFN SZLG[ T[G[ c ;JM"NIc GFD VF%I]\ mv VG 8] WL; ,F:8
 lA|8LX .lg0IG V[;M;LV[XGGL :YF5GF SM6[ SZL CTL mv DCFtDF UF\WLHLV[P
 UF\WLHLV[ SIF :Y/[ ;J"5Y| D ;tIFU|C SIM" CTM m v NPVFlO|SF
 DCFtDF UF\WL £FZF c ;tIFU|C ;EFcGL :YF5GF SIFZ[ SZJFDF\ VFJL CTL m v O|[A|]VFZL!)!)
 SM6[ UF\WLHLGL NF\0LIF+FGL ;ZBFD6L G[5Ml,IGGL c V[<JFYL 5[lZ; IF+Fc ;FY[ SZL CTL mv ;]EFQFR\ã
AMh[
 DCFtDF UF\WLV[ DCDNV,L lHgCFV[ S. p5FWL VF5L CTL m v SFIN[ VFhD

A.S.DIVEKAR
 2
 UF\WLHLV[ ClZHG VFzDGL :YF5GF SIFZ[ SZL CTL m v .P;P!)!*DF\ VDNFJFNGF ;FAZDTL BFT[
 CMD~, ,LUGF 5|D]B TZLS[ UF\WLHLGL SIFZ[ 5;\NUL Y. m v .P;P!)Z_
 UF\WLHLV[ ;J"5|YD SIF :Y/[YL DL9FGF SFINFGM ;lJGI E\U SIM" CTM m vNF\0L
 SIF SFINFGF E\UYL UF\WLHLV[ ;lJGI SFG}GE\UGL X~VFT SZL CTLm v DL9FGF[ SFINM
 c DFZM HgD lA|8LX ;FD|FHIGM GFX SZJF DF8[ H YIM K[c VF JFSI SM6[ SCI]\ CT]\ m v UF\WLHLV[
 NF\0LS}RDF\ UF\WLHLGL ;FY[ T[DGF S[8,F :JI\;[JSM HM0FIF CTFmv *(
 UF\WLHLV[ c lC\N KM0Mc GF 9ZFJ SIF :Y/[ IMHFI[,L SMU|[;GL DCF;lDTLGL A[9SDF\ D}SIM CTM mvD]\A.
 UF\WLHLV[ c ZFQ8=LI XFIZcG]\ lA~N SMG[ VF%I]\ CT]\ m v hJ[ZR\N D[3F6L
 DCFtDF UF\WLGL ;DFlWG]\ GFD X]\ K[ VG[ T[ SIF\ VFJ[,L K[ m v ZFH3F84 slN<,LDF\ f
 .P;P!)$ZGL ,0T NZlDIFG UF\WLHLG[ SIF :Y/[ S[N ZFBJFDF\ VFjIF CTF m v VFUFBFGDC[,45]GF
 UF\WLHLG]\ C:Tl,lBT VFtD SYF 5]:TS SI]\ K[ m v ;tIGF 5|IMUM
 UF\WLHLV[ EFZTDF\ 5|YD ;tIFU|C SIF\ X~ SIM" CTM m v R\5FZ6
 .P;P!)#ZDF\ UF\WLHL VG[ SMGL JrR[ 5}GF SZFZ YIF CTF mv 0F"PVF\A[0SZ s .P;P!)#ZDF\f
 B[0F ;tIFU|C JBT[ UF\WLHLV[ c 0]\U/L RMZcG]\ lA~N SMG[ VF%I]\ CT]\ m vDMCG,F, 5\0IFG[
 UF\WLHLGF ;tIFU|CGF A[ D]bI 5F;F\ SIF CTF m v;tI VG[ VlC\;F
 UF\WLHLGF G[T'tJ C[9/GF VDNFJFNGF ;tIFU|CGL ,0T SIF A[ 51F JrR[GL CTL m vlD,DFl,SM VG[
DH}ZM
 UF\WLHL SIF ,[BSG[ 5MTFGF U]~ DFGTF CTF m v l,IM TM<;TMI
 UF\WLHLV[ SI]\ ;DFRFZ5+ X~ SI]\ CT]\ m v I\U .lg0IF
 UF\WLHL S[JF 5|SFZGL lX1FF 5Z EFZ D}SIM CTM m v 5FIFGL lX1F6 5Z
 UF\WLHLV[ EFZTDF\ 5|YD p5JF;GM ;tIFU|C SIFZ[ SIM" CTM m v VDNFJFN lD, DH]Z C0TF, ;DI[
 UF\WLHLGL 0FIZLG]\ ;\5FNG SZLG[ SM6[ T[ 5]l:TSF :J~5[ 5|U8 SZL m v DCFN[JEF. N[;F.
 UF\WLHLV[ SMG[ c 0}ATL A[\SGM R[Sc SCIM CTM mv lS|%; lDXG
 UF\WLHLV[ SI]\ ;FDlIS X~ SI]\ m v ClZHG
 .P;P!)$ZGL ,0T NZlDIFG UF\WLHLG[ SIF :Y/[ S[N ZFBJFDF\ VFjIF CTF m v VFUFBFGDC[,45}GF
 S. UM/D[HL 5lZQFN GF V\T[ lA|8LX J0F5|WFG D[S0MGF<0 SMDL R]SFNM HFC[Z SIM" CTM mv +LHL
 S:T]ZAF UF\WLG]\ VJ;FG SIF :Y/[ YI]\ CT]\ m v VFUFBFG DC[,4 5}GF
 UF\WLHLG[ lA|8LX ;ZSFZ[ SIF V[JM0"YL ;gDFlGT SIF" CTFmv S{;Z[ lC\N
 UF\WLHLG]\ VJ;FG SIFZ[ YI]\ CT]\ mv #_q!q!)$(GF ZMH lN<,LDF\
 UF\WLHLG[ UM/L DFZGFZ jIlSTG]\ GFD X]\ CT]\ m v GyY]ZFD UM0;[
 NF\0LS}RGL X~VFT SIFZ[ Y. CTL mv !Zq#q!)#_GFZMH ;FAZDTL4VDNFJFN BFT[YL
 NF\0LS}R SIF ;tIFU|CGM V[S EFU CTM mv WZF;6F ;tIFU|C
 NF\0LS}R NZlDIFG 5MTFGL 3Z5S0 YFI TM NF\0LS}RG]\ G[T'tJ SZJF DF8[ UF\WLHL SMGL 5;\NUL SZL
CTL m v VaAF; T{IAHL

 UF\WLHLG]\ VDNFJFNDF\ VFJ[, lGJF;:YFGG]\ GFD X]\ CT]\ mv CNIS]\H

 UF\WLHL ClZHG VFzDDF\ S[8,M ;DI ZCIF CTF m v !# JQF"
 DCFtDF UF\WLHLV[ !)$ZGL ,0TDF\ SI]\ ;}+ VF%I]\ CT]\ mv SZ[\U[ IF DZ[\U[

A.S.DIVEKAR
 3
 .P;P!)#_DF\ VDNFJFNYL S[8,F lS,MDL8Z RF,LG[ NF\0LS}R SZJFDF\ VFJL CTL mv #(5 lSPDL
 DCFtDF UF\WL S. ;F,DF\ NPVFlO|SF UIF CTF mv.P;P!()#
 DCFtDF UF\WLV[ V;CSFZ VF\NM,G 5FK]\ S[D B[\RL ,LW] CT]\ m v RF{ZL RF[ZFGL 38GFYL
 DCFtDF UF\WLGL U[ZCFHZLDF\ c lC\N KM0Mc R/J/GL G[TFULZL SM6[ ,LWL CTL m v V~6F VXOZV,L
 S. ,0T NZlDIFG U]HZFTDF\ U}HZFT lJnF5L9GL :YF5GF Y. m vV;CSFZGL ,0T
 UF\WLHLV[ ZM,[[8 V[S8 SFINFGM S[JM U6FjIM CTM m v SF/M SFINM
 UF\WLHLV[ :YF5[, U}HZFT lJnF5L9GL :YF5GF S. ;F,DF\ Y. CTL m v .P;P!)$Z
 UF\WLHLV[ SIF U|\YV[ HLJGDF\ pTFZLG[ T[GF 5|DF6[ HLjIF m v ULTF
 UF\WLHLGF V\UT ;lRJ SM6 CTF mvDCFN[JEF. N[;F.
 UF\WLHL S. ;F,DF\ Nl1F6 VFlO|SFYL EFZT 5ZT VFjIF CTF mv .P;P!)!5
 UF\WLHLV[ Nl1F6 VFlO|SFDF\ SIF :Y/[ VFzDGL :YF5GF SZL CTL m v lOGLS;
 UF\WLHLV[ ;J"5|YD ;tIFU|C SIF\ SIM" CTM mv Nl1F6 VFlO|SF
 UF\WLHLV[ VF5[, c ;JM"NIc 5]:TS V[ SIF 5]:TSGM VG]JFN K[ mv VG 8] WL ,F:8
 UF\WLHLV[ SIF 5+G]\ GFD AN,LG[ c ClZHG A\W]c GFD ZFbI]\ CT]\ mv GJHLJG
 c DFZ[ DG ;tI V[ H 5ZD[`JZ K[v VF plST SM6[ VF5L K[ mv UF\WLHL
 c HLJG NZdIFG DFZF 5|;\XSM SZTF\ DFZF 8LSFSFZM 5F;[YL D[ JW] 5|F%T SI]\ K[P mv DCFtDF UF\WLHL
 SIF ;tIFU|CYL J<,EEF. 58[, UF\WLHL ;FY[ ;\S/FI[, CTF mv B[0F ;tIFU|C
 UF\WLHL I]JF SF/[ Nl1F6 VFlO|SFDF\ S. S\5GLGL TZO[6DF\ S[; ,0JF UIF CTF mv NFNF VaN],F V[g0
S\5GL
 UF\WLHLGM lGJF"6 lNJ; SIM K[ mv #_ HFgI]VFZL !)$(
 UF\WLHLGL ;DFlW :DFZS SIF GFD[ VM/BFI K[ mv ZFH3F8
 Nl1F6 VFlo|SFDF\ UF\WLHLV[ SI]\ ;FDlIS X~ SI]\ CT]\ mv .lg0IG VMl5GLID
 UF\WLHLV[ U]HZFTGL S. ,0TG[ c WD"I]wW c GFD VF%I]\ v VDNFJFN lD, ;tIFU|C
 S:T]ZAFG[ H[,DF\ SM6[ E6TZ 5}Z] 5F0I]\ mv 5}l6"DFA[G 5SJF;F
 UF\WLHLG[ ZFHSFZ6DF\ VFJTF\ 5C[,F V[S JQF" ;]WL ZFHSFZ6GM VeIF; SZJF V[S lJN[XL DlC,FV[
;}RjI]\ V[ DlC,F SM6 CTL mv V[GL A[;g8
 UF\WLHLV[ ZFHSM8GL S. XF/FDF\ VeIF; SIM" CTM mv ;Z VF<O[0 CF.:S},
 UF\WL HI\TL sZ vVMS8MAZf lJ`JEZDF\ ALHF SIF GFD[ 56 pHJFI K[ mv VF\TZFQ8=LI VlC\;FlNG
 UF\WLHLV[ EFJGUZGL S. SM,[HDF\ VeIF; SIM" CTM mv XFD/NF; SM,[H
 E}NFG R/J/GF 5|6[TF lJGMAFEFJ[ SMGF VFwIFltDS JFZ;NFZ U6FI K[ mv UF\WLHL
 UF\WLHLG[ l5|I V[J]\ c SFRAF SFRALG]\ 5N c SM6[ ZrI]\ CT]\ mv SlJ EMHF EUT
 UF\WLHLV[ ;FpY VFlO|SFDF\ Z[,J[GL O:8"S,F;GL l8lS8 CMJF KTF\ lAG UMZF CMJFG[ SFZ6[ RF,]
D];FOZLV[ ;FDFG ;FY[ 8=[GDF\YL WSSF DFZLG[ pTFZL N[JFDF\ VFjIF CTF V[ Z[<J[ :8[XG SI]\ CT]\ mv 5L8Z
DFlZthAU"
 UF\WLHLV[ SIF ;\3GL :YF5GF SZL CTL mv DH]Z DCFHG ;\3
 DCFtDF UFWLG[ V\Hl, VF5T]\ c ClZGM C\;,Mc SFjIGF ;H"S SM6 CTF mv AF,D]S]\N NJ[
 UF\WLHLV[ SMG[ c U]HZFTG]\ E}QF6 c SCL GJFHIF CTF mv HIS'Q6 9FSZ
 DCFtDF UF\WLV[ SIF 5]:TSYL 5|EFlJT Y.G[ T[GM ;JM"NI GFD[ EFJFG]JFN SIM" CTM mv VG 8] WL ,F:8

A.S.DIVEKAR
 4
 UF\WLHL ClZHG VFzDDF\ S[8,M ;DI ZCIF CTF mv !# JQF"
 UF\WLHLG]\ :JZFH V\U[G]\ lR\TG SIF 5]:TSDF\ VF,[BFI[,]\ HMJF D/[ K[ mv lC\N :JZFH
 UF\WLHLGF V\UT ;lRJ SM6 CTF mv DCFN[JEF. N[;F.
 .P;P!)#_DF\ VDNFJFNYL S[8,F lSPDLP RF,LG[ NF\0LS}R SZJFDF\ VFJL CTL mv #(5 lSPDLP
 lC\NGL 5|HFG[ :JFT\È R/J/DF\ ;lS|I SZJF DF8[ UF\WLHLV[ EFZTDF\ ;F{5Y| D SI]\ V\U|[HL VBAFZ X~
SI]\ CT]\ mv I\U .lg0IF
 UF\WLHLV[ NF\0LS}R SIF VgIFIYL SFINFGM E\U SZJFGF VFXIYL SZL CTL mv DL9F
 lC\N KM0M VF\NM,G NZdIFG U]HZFT SM,[HDF\ SM6 XCLN YI]\ CT]\ m v lJGMN lSGFZLJF,F
 UF\WLHLG[ c AF5]c G]\ lA~N SIF ;tIFU|CDF\ D?I]\ CT]\ mv R\5FZ6 ;tIFU|C
 UF\WLHLV[ SIF :JFT\È ;[GFGL DlC,FG[ X:+ ZFBJFGL K}8 VF5L CTL mv 5}l6"DFA[G 5SJF;F
 UF\WLHLGF :J%GG]\ EFZT T[DGF SIF 5]:TSDF\ HMJF D/[ K[ m v lC\N :JZFH
 UF\WLHLGF\ WD"lJQFIS ,[BM SIF 5]\:TSDF\ ;DFI[,F K[ m v jIF5S WD"EFJGF
 UF\WLHL SMG[ 5MTFGM 5F\RDM 5]+ U6TF CTF mv HDGF,F, AHFH
 U]HZFT ZFHlSI 5lZQFNGF ;F{5|YD 5|D]B TZLS[ SMGL JZ6L Y. CTL m v DMCGNF; UF\WL
 SIF ;tIFU|CYL J<,EEF. 58[, UF\WLHL ;FY[ HM0FIF CTF mv B[0F ;tIFU|C
 DCFtDF UF\WLHLV[ ;tIJ|TWFZS AGJF SIF GF8S[ 5|[Z6F 5}ZL 5F0L CTL m v ;tIJFNL ZFHFR\ã
 DCFtDF UF\WLHLV[ ;FAZDTL VFzDGL :YF5GF SIFZ[ SZL CTL mv .P;P!)!*
 UF\WLHLGL HgDE}lD 5MZA\NZ ALHF SIF GFD[ VM/BFI K[ mv ;]NFDF5]ZL
 SIF UF\WLJFNL VU|6L UF\WLSYF £FZF UF\WLlJRFZGF 5|RFZv5|;FZG]\ pDNF SFI" SZL ZCIF K[ mv
GFZFI6EF. N[;F.
 UF\WLHL SIF lNJ;[ DF{G J|T ZFBTF CTF m v ;MDJFZ
 GFZFI6 N[;F. l,lBT UF\WLHLGF A'CN HLJGRlZ+G]\ GFD X]\ K[ mv c DFZ]\ HLJG V[ H DFZL JF6Lc
 VDNFJFNDF\ VFJ[, UF\WLHLV[ ;F{5|YD SIF VFzDGL :YF5GF SZL CTL mv SMRZA VFzD
 5MZA\NZDF\ VFJ[], UF\WLHLG]\ DSFG SIF GFD[ VM/BFI K[ mv SLlT"D\lNZ
 UF\WLHLV[ Nl1F6 VFlO|SFDF\ :YF5[, VFzDG]\ GFD X]\ CT]\ mv 8M,:8MI OFD"
 DCFtDF UF\WL 5MTFGF ZFHG{lTS U]~ SMG[ DFGTF CTF m v UM5F/S'Q6 UMB,[
 lC\N KM0M c R/J/GL X~VFT SIFZ[ Y. CTL mv !)$ZDF\
 V;CSFZGL R/J/ NZlDIFG UF\WLHLV[ T[DG[ V5FI[,M SIM lBTFA 5ZT SIM" CTM v S{;ZvlC\N
 U}HZFT lJnF5L9GF 5|YD S],5lT SM6 CTF mv DMCGNF; UF\WL
 UF\WLHLV[ VFhFNL R/J/ DF8[ ;F{5|YD SIF VFzDGL :YF5GF SZL CTL mv SMRZA VFzD
 DCFtDF UF\WLGF 5lZJFZGL S. jIlSTV[ ;ZNFZ J<,EEF. 58[,G]\ HLJGRlZ+ ,bI]\ CT]\ mv
ZFHDMCG UF\WL
 Day to Day Gandhi GFDGL 0FIZL ,BGFZ U]HZFTL SM6 CTF mv DCFN[JEF. N[;F.
 UF\WLHL UZDLGL ZHFVMDF\ lJWFYL"VMG]\ wIFG S. TZO JF/TF CTF mv ZDTUDTDF\
 UF\WLHLV[ SIF :JFT\È;[GFGL DlC,FG[ X:+ ZFBJFGL K}8 VF5L CTL mv 5}l6"DFA[G 5SJF;F
 UF\WLHLV[ S. ;F,DF\ D[l8=SI],[XG 5ZL1FF5F; SZL CTL mv !((*
 DCFtDF UF\WLV[ c ;tIFU|C c GFDGM ClYIFZGM 5|YD JBT 5|IF; SIF\ SIM" CTM mv NPVFlO|SF
 .P;P!()&DF\ NPVFlO|SFYL EFZT 5ZT UF\WLHL S. :8LDZDF\ OIF" CTF mv 5M\UM,F

A.S.DIVEKAR
 5
 UF\WLHLGF l5TFG]\ VJ;FG YI]\ tIFZ[ T[DGL p\DZ S[8,L CTL mv !& JQF"
 EFZTLI :JFT\È;\U|FDGF ZFHG{lTS 58, 5Z DCFtDF UF\WLHLG]\ 5NF"56 SIFZ[ YI]\ mv .P;P!)!5
 UF\WLHLV[ .P;P!)#_DF\ S. IF+FG]\ G[T'tJ SI"\] CT]\ mv V;CIMU VF\NM,G
 UF\WLHLGF G. TF,LD lX1F6 lJRFZGF TtJM ;F{5|YD SIF SlDXGGL E,FD6DF\ SZJFDF\ VFjIF
CTF mv SM9FZL SlDXG s !)&$v&&f

 5]GFGL IZJ0F H[,DF\ V;CSFZ VF\NM,G JBT[ UF\WLHL ;FY[ ALH] SM6 CT]\ mv .gN],F, IFl7S
 UF\WLHLV[ JWF"DF\ SIF VFzDGL :YF5GF SZL CTL mv ;[JFU|FD VFzD
 U]HZFTL ;FlCtIDF\ SIM ;DIUF/M c UF\WLI]U c TZLS[ VM/BFI K[ mv .P;P!)Z_YL !)$*
 :JFT\È;[GF lRC|G c RS|c ZFBJFG]\ UF\WLHLG[ SM6[ ;}RjI]\ CT]\ mv U\UFA[GDHD]NFZ
 V\U|[H ;DIDF\ ;ZSFZL S[/J6LGM AlCQSFZ SZJF DF8[ UF\WLHLV[ S. ;\:YFGL :YF5GF SZL mv U}HZFT
lJnF5L9 s !)Z_f
 U}HZFT lJnF5L9G[ 0Ld0 I]lGJl;8L"GM NZHHM SIFZ[ D?IM mv .P;P!)&#DF\
 lJ`JDF\ ;F{YL JW] )_ N[X[VM UF\WLHLGL 85F, l8lS8M ACFZ 5F0L K[P
 SAFUF\WLGM 0[,M SIF\ VFJ[, K[ mv ZFHSM8


A.S.DIVEKAR